344:
414:
42:
426:
762:
501:
590:
273:
493:
2166:
815:, it was decided in 1951 that if the 5th of Iyar falls on a Friday or Saturday, the celebrations would be moved up to the preceding Thursday (3 or 4 of Iyar). Additionally, since 2004, if the 5th of Iyar is on a Monday, the festival is postponed to Tuesday (6 of Iyar). Monday is avoided in order to avoid potential violation of Sabbath laws by preparing for
343:
413:
675:
questioned the
Halachic imperative in canonising these changes (it is not clear what his personal practice was regarding the recital of Hallel). In any case, the majority of his students recite Hallel without the blessings. A number of authorities have promoted the inclusion of a version of
613:
rejecting the notion of imbuing the day with any religious significance whatsoever, and religious
Zionists believing the blessing should be obligatory. The Rabbinate also ruled that they were "unable to sanction instrumental music and dances on this day which occurs during the
41:
2057:
480:. Every year a dozen Israeli citizens, who made a significant social contribution in a selected area, are invited to light the torches. Many cities hold outdoor performances in cities' squares featuring leading Israeli singers and
705:
mourn the establishment of Israel on
Independence Day, claiming that the establishment of a Jewish state before the coming of the Messiah is a sin and heresy. Some even fast on this day and recite prayers for fast days.
1038:
1663:
806:
However, nowadays
Independence Day is rarely celebrated on the 5th of Iyar itself, and on most years is moved forward or backwards by one or two days. According to the rules of the Jewish calendar explained in
1397:
The Rav's famous outburst on Yom Ha'atzamaut 1978 when he called the ceremony for Yom Ha'atzamaut "acute halachic mental retardation" was a result of a deeply held antagonism to all changes in the siddur.
823:. As a result, Independence Day falls between 3 and 6 of Iyar, and can be on a Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday. It will only actually be on the 5th of Iyar when this date happens to be a Wednesday.
324:, but which had refused to relinquish its identityโwhich had, on the contrary, substantially strengthened that identity; a people which only a few years before had been the victim of
938:
Sherzer, Adi (January 2021). Kedourie, Helen; Kelly, Saul (eds.). "The Jewish past and the 'birth' of the
Israeli nation state: The case of Ben-Gurion's Independence Day speeches".
1716:
365:
1194:
1610:
1591:
1682:
1160:
425:
390:
2191:
308:... were dancing because they were about to realize what was one of the most remarkable and inspiring achievements in human history: A people which had been
601:
In response to widespread public feeling, the Chief
Rabbinate in Israel decided during 1950โ51 that Independence Day should be given the status of a minor
358:
1668:
389:. On 15 May, Israel's neighbouring Arab countries declared war on it and invaded the territory of the former British Mandate, thus escalating the ongoing
1042:
2143:
1523:
1709:
1259:
1411:"Review of Soleveitchik, Rabbi Joseph B., 'Community, Covenant and Commitment: Selected Letters and Communications,' edited by Nathaniel Helfgot"
264:
In the Hebrew calendar, days begin in the evening; Yom Ha'atzmaut is observed from nightfall until the following evening of the designated day.
1021:
1174:
1371:
1305:
1702:
1688:
1410:
795:
289:
235:
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1086:
922:
1956:
1277:
2211:
1469:
940:
473:
81:
441:
Memorial Day, or Yom
Hazikaron, ends at sunset, and is immediately followed by the onset of Independence Day, given that in the
808:
317:
1607:
1588:
2156:
1215:
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movement created a liturgy for the holiday which sometimes includes the recitation of some psalms and the reading of the
563:
536:
85:
2201:
1858:
1803:
741:
683:
394:
69:
Family gatherings, firework displays, public celebrations (barbecues, picnics, concerts, etc.), religious services
2196:
1971:
1729:
398:
761:
609:
be recited. Their decision that it be recited (without a blessing) gave rise to a bitter public dispute, with
1496:
2033:
851:
633:
484:
displays. Streets around the squares are closed to cars, allowing people to sing and dance in the streets.
272:
1787:
659:, on the holiday morning. Other changes to the daily prayers include reciting Hallel, saying the expanded
629:
204:
261:, which is dedicated to the memory of fallen Israeli soldiers and Israeli civilian victims of terrorism.
2090:
1931:
1819:
552:
526:
509:
1548:
300:
on 14 May 1948. The mood outside of Ben-Gurion's residence just prior to the announcement was joyous:
1678:
253:, it may be commemorated one or two days before or after the 5th of Iyar if it falls too close to the
1921:
1628:
1448:
766:
710:
616:
1018:
500:
1321:
1179:
949:
812:
672:
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period." The recitation of the blessing over Hallel was introduced in 1973 by
Israeli Chief Rabbi
522:
402:
337:
321:
250:
1039:"Israel Ministry of foreign Affairs: Declaration of Establishment of State of Israel: 14 May 1948"
569:
Israeli families traditionally celebrate with picnics and barbecues. Balconies are decorated with
1456:
993:
961:
505:
238:
on 14 May 1948. It is marked by a variety of official and unofficial ceremonies and observances.
1444:
1657:
589:
1694:
1367:
1359:
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1295:
1199:
1154:
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985:
977:
969:
918:
912:
640:
429:
309:
1076:
953:
791:
702:
574:
465:
362:. The operative paragraph concludes with the words of Ben-Gurion, where he thereby declares
305:
293:
1664:
Study Sheet for Yom HaAtzmaut: the
Passover Hagada and Israel's Declaration of Independence
854:
celebrate Yom Ha'atzmaut, others regard it as a tragic day in their history referred to as
456:, on the evening of Independence Day. The ceremony includes a speech by the speaker of the
2186:
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1936:
1886:
1846:
1764:
1739:
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1614:
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1452:
1436:
1115:
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787:
664:
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442:
246:
195:
187:
105:
373:
While Israel was quickly granted diplomatic recognition by many countries, including the
573:, and small flags are attached to car windows. Some leave the flags hoisted until after
241:
Because Israel declared independence on 14 May 1948, which corresponded with the 5th of
2017:
2007:
1906:
1896:
1841:
1774:
1633:
811:, the 5th of Iyar can fall on a Monday, a Wednesday, a Friday, or a Saturday. To avoid
726:
698:
610:
602:
513:
461:
249:
in that year, Yom Ha'atzmaut was originally celebrated on that date. However, to avoid
328:, that people was returning home as sovereign citizens in their own independent state.
2180:
2170:
1997:
1987:
1946:
1941:
1851:
1782:
1395:. Vol. 66. Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America. 2005. p. 93.
1139:"Israeli president honors 120 outstanding soldiers on Independence Day โ Israel News"
997:
859:
816:
746:
737:
691:
594:
378:
325:
277:
258:
167:
2002:
1881:
1824:
858:("the catastrophe"). As early as 1949, and officially since a 1998 proclamation by
625:
621:
570:
546:
418:
386:
374:
231:
89:
1573:
957:
492:
1390:
1342:
1325:
2058:
Day to Mark the
Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran
1982:
1863:
889:
790:, the anniversary of the day on which Israeli independence was proclaimed, when
678:
469:
449:
382:
326:
mankind's largest single act of mass murder, killing a third of the world's Jews
77:
2095:
1951:
1926:
1901:
1792:
1223:
1138:
1063:
751:
718:
648:
989:
973:
965:
2022:
2012:
1868:
863:
624:. The innovation was strongly denounced by his Sephardic counterpart, Rabbi
578:
540:
530:
481:
477:
453:
172:
1260:"No thanks, Miri Regev: Israelis don't want to bring back military parades"
1245:
2110:
1891:
1814:
644:
529:
soldiers. The event takes place in the President's official residence in
59:
47:
1524:""Day to Praise" Calls on Christians, Jews Worldwide to Unite in Prayer"
758:(Psalms 113โ118), with the Jewish people, on Israel's Independence Day.
577:. Israeli Television channels air the official events live, and classic
2105:
2044:
1831:
1759:
820:
687:
457:
281:
254:
276:
David Ben-Gurion proclaiming independence beneath a large portrait of
2125:
2115:
1836:
1440:
770:
755:
668:
663:
of Shabbat (the same practice that is observed almost universally on
652:
606:
333:
313:
297:
1278:"A reason to celebrate: Toasting 68 years of Jewish statehood โ J."
2120:
2085:
2075:
1916:
1911:
1364:
Mentor of Generations: Reflections on Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik
855:
760:
714:
588:
499:
491:
424:
412:
342:
271:
1341:
Alfred S. Cohen, ed. (1984). "Reciting Hallel on Yom Haatzmaut".
701:
make no changes in their daily prayers. People affiliated to the
2130:
2100:
2080:
2052:
1629:"An annual day of Palestinian grievance comes amid the upheaval"
1347:. Vol. 7โ10. Yeshiva Rabbi Jacob Joseph School. p. 17.
981:
892:. Hebcal.com by Danny Sadinoff and Michael J. Radwin (CC-BY-3.0)
884:
882:
880:
878:
783:
357:
by virtue of our natural and historic right and on the basis of
242:
101:
1698:
1445:
Machon Shilo Al HaNisim for Yom Ha'atzmaut and Yom Yerushalyim
1017:. Ed. Hazony, et al. Jerusalem: Shalem Press, 2006. 406.
397:. However, this war ended with an Israeli victory amidst the
1589:'How does an Arab-Israeli school confront independence day?'
1470:"The Koren Mahzor for Yom Ha'atzmaut & Yom Yerushalayim"
1246:"10 ืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืืขืชื ืขื ืืืฆืขื ืืฉื ืชื ืืจืฉืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืื"
690:
dedicated to observance of Independence Day, in addition to
1195:"Academic gives $ 20,000 prize from Israel to Palestinians"
1689:
Civil Religion, Israel Style: Independence Day Case Study
1378:
He strictly prohibited reciting a berakha on the Hallel.
597:
Israel Independence Day event in Jerusalem, 23 April 2015
1175:"The boy who beat incredible odds to win the Bible Quiz"
292:, which was proclaimed by future Israeli prime minister
1297:
The Israeli State and Society: Boundaries and Frontiers
782:
Independence Day is designated to be on the 5th day of
1485:, "Zealots and Zionism", Moishe Guttman. 14 March 2007
725:
as well as recite full Hallel with the blessings. The
336:
was founded eight hours before the termination of the
2154:
1064:
United states de facto Recognition of State of Israel
359:
the resolution of the United Nations General Assembly
1669:
Conservative Movement's Al HaNisim for Yom Haatzmaut
1078:
Israeli Judaism: The Sociology of Religion in Israel
798:. The corresponding Gregorian date was 14 May 1948.
682:(for the miracles...) in the Amidah prayer. In 2015
209:
2066:
2031:
1969:
1801:
1773:
1752:
1737:
1137:Judy Maltz13 hours ago 3 comments 3 (12 May 2016).
460:(the Israeli Parliament), artistic performances, a
353:
Declaration of the Establishment of State of Israel
288:Israelis observe Yom Ha'atzmaut to commemorate the
160:
152:
142:
132:
122:
112:
96:
73:
65:
55:
23:
310:exiled from its homeland two thousand years before
257:. The day preceding Israel's independence day is
834:Sunset, 21 April 2026 โ nightfall, 22 April 2026
819:(which is one day before Independence Day) on a
826:Upcoming Gregorian dates for Independence Day:
355:of 14 May 1948 expresses the declaration to be
1324:(1966). "Controversy: Letters To The Editor".
1710:
1013:"Ben-Gurion and the Return to Jewish Power."
831:Sunset, 30 April 2025 โ nightfall, 1 May 2025
8:
1543:
1541:
837:Sunset, 11 May 2027 โ nightfall, 12 May 2027
417:Independence Day celebrations in Tel Aviv's
27:
1366:. KTAV Publishing House, Inc. p. 246.
1344:Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society
1159:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
448:An official ceremony is held every year on
215:
1749:
1717:
1703:
1695:
1109:
1107:
1105:
840:Sunset, 1 May 2028 โ nightfall, 2 May 2028
464:, forming elaborate structures (such as a
391:1947โ1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
340:, which was due to finish on 15 May 1948.
20:
754:around the world to join in reciting the
1443:camp who heads Machon Shilo Institute, (
1116:"Independence Day-Haaretz โ Israel News"
651:, which is also read on the last day of
2161:
1983:Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day)
874:
50:on Israel's 61st Independence Day, 2009
1152:
555:opens some of its bases to the public.
445:system, days end and begin at sunset.
2144:Jewish and Israeli holidays 2000โ2050
1066:: 14 May 1948: Retrieved 9 April 2012
750:, a global initiative which calls on
474:ceremonial lighting of twelve torches
7:
1497:"Yom Ha-atzmaut: Laws & Customs"
1409:Meiselman, Rabbi Moshe (Fall 2005).
1294:Baruch Kimmerling (1 January 1989).
911:Kurzweil, Arthur (9 February 2011).
890:"Dates for Israeli Independence Day"
581:Israeli movies and skits are shown.
368:, to be known as the State of Israel
2192:Israeli Declaration of Independence
1264:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
796:Israeli Declaration of Independence
290:Israeli Declaration of Independence
236:Israeli Declaration of Independence
199:
191:
28:
1598:EETTA PRINCE-GIBSON, 26 April 2012
405:as Israel's international border.
14:
496:International Bible Contest, 1985
2164:
1998:Yom Yerushalayim (Jerusalem Day)
1993:Yom HaAtzmaut (Independence Day)
1300:. SUNY Press. pp. 191โ193.
1081:. Transaction Publishers. 1995.
525:for honouring excellence in 120
40:
1627:Gladstone, Rick (15 May 2021).
1522:Poch, Raphael (23 March 2015).
809:Days of week on Hebrew calendar
381:, it was not recognized by the
351:The operative paragraph of the
1957:Rosh Hashanah LeMa'sar Behemah
1608:'The Nakba Hoax in Retrospect'
1451:, as well as Avi Shmidman and
432:Independence Day flypast, 2011
312:, which had endured countless
82:Lighting of the Twelve Torches
1:
1549:"Independence Day Law โ 5709"
958:10.1080/00263206.2020.1862801
862:, May 15 was commemorated as
338:British Mandate for Palestine
1988:Yom HaZikaron (Memorial Day)
1330:. Living Books. p. 441.
1041:. Mfa.gov.il. Archived from
564:Israel Defense Forces parade
366:Jewish state in Eretz Israel
1555:. The State of Israel. 1949
721:, and include a version of
537:International Bible Contest
210:
86:International Bible Contest
2230:
1859:Yom tov sheni shel galuyot
1435:This segment includes Rav
1216:"The Israel Song Festival"
1214:ืืืื ืืจื ื, ืืืจืืื โ ืฉืืืืง.
729:suggests the inclusion of
684:Koren Publishers Jerusalem
2207:Public holidays in Israel
2139:
2003:Yom HaAliyah (Aliyah Day)
1877:
1503:. The Rabbinical Assembly
1360:"Teacher Not a Spokesman"
927:– via Google Books.
917:. John Wiley & Sons.
399:1949 Armistice Agreements
387:Muslim-majority countries
39:
29:
1732:holidays and observances
1617:Isi Leibler, 25 May 2012
765:Families celebrating in
516:, Independence Day 2012.
401:, which established the
46:Aerobatics display over
2212:Annual events in Israel
1322:Sir Immanuel Jakobovits
634:Modern Orthodox Judaism
437:Eve of Independence Day
364:the establishment of a
1788:Ten Days of Repentance
1526:. Breaking Israel News
1362:. In Zev Eleff (ed.).
941:Middle Eastern Studies
774:
733:in the Amidah prayer.
667:), and/or blowing the
630:Joseph B. Soloveitchik
598:
593:Hallel recited at the
566:was held on this day.
562:From 1948 to 1973 the
549:ceremony in Jerusalem.
517:
497:
476:, one for each of the
433:
422:
348:
347:Independence Day, 1978
330:
285:
1820:Fast of the Firstborn
1613:11 April 2013 at the
1594:11 April 2013 at the
1358:Shalom Carmy (2008).
1015:New Essays on Zionism
914:The Torah For Dummies
764:
719:Deuteronomy 7:12โ8:18
711:Conservative Movement
592:
558:Israeli Song Festival
553:Israel Defense Forces
510:Israel Defense Forces
503:
495:
428:
416:
395:1948 ArabโIsraeli War
346:
302:
275:
80:memorial ceremonies,
1922:Counting of the Omer
1457:Shmidman Al HaNissim
1449:The Temple Institute
1024:3 March 2016 at the
950:Taylor & Francis
767:Israel Defense Force
280:, founder of modern
234:, commemorating the
2131:Adar and Adar Sheni
1577:article (in Hebrew)
1226:on 12 February 2019
1180:The Times of Israel
813:Sabbath desecration
673:Joseph Soloveitchik
523:President of Israel
504:Visitors around an
251:Sabbath desecration
225:Day of Independence
148:nightfall, 22 April
118:nightfall, 26 April
92:to recipients, etc.
1483:Mishpacha Magazine
1327:Journal of a Rabbi
802:Sabbath observance
794:publicly read the
786:(ื' ืืืืืจ) in the
775:
599:
518:
506:IDF Caterpillar D9
498:
434:
423:
349:
286:
146:Sunset, 21 April โ
136:Sunset, 30 April โ
116:Sunset, 25 April โ
88:, awarding of the
2202:Independence days
2152:
2151:
1965:
1964:
1373:978-1-60280-011-3
1307:978-0-88706-850-8
1200:Independent.co.uk
649:Isaiah 10:32โ12:6
641:Religious Zionist
585:Religious customs
521:Reception of the
430:Israeli Air Force
306:Jews of Palestine
296:on behalf of the
208:
192:ืืึนื ืึธืขึทืฆึฐืึธืืึผืช
181:
180:
128:nightfall, 14 May
30:ืืึนื ืึธืขึทืฆึฐืึธืืึผืช
2219:
2197:Iyar observances
2169:
2168:
2167:
2160:
1804:Three Pilgrimage
1750:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1696:
1679:Peninei Halachah
1658:Independence Day
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1624:
1618:
1605:
1599:
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1580:
1571:
1565:
1564:
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1519:
1513:
1512:
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1508:
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1486:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1417:. Orthodox Union
1406:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1222:. Archived from
1211:
1205:
1204:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1134:
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1127:
1125:
1123:
1111:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1045:on 21 March 2012
1035:
1029:
1011:Oren, Michael B.
1008:
1002:
1001:
935:
929:
928:
908:
902:
901:
899:
897:
886:
792:David Ben-Gurion
703:Edah HaChareidis
661:Pesukei D'Zimrah
575:Yom Yerushalayim
488:Independence Day
478:Tribes of Israel
294:David Ben-Gurion
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
213:
211:สฟฤซd al-istiqlฤli
203:
201:
193:
138:nightfall, 1 May
126:Sunset, 13 May โ
56:Observed by
44:
35:
34:
33:
31:
21:
2229:
2228:
2222:
2221:
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2175:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2153:
2148:
2135:
2062:
2038:
2036:
2027:
1976:
1973:
1961:
1937:The Three Weeks
1887:Fast of Gedalia
1873:
1847:Shemini Atzeret
1808:
1805:
1797:
1769:
1765:Special Shabbat
1746:
1743:
1741:
1733:
1723:
1675:Eliezer Melamed
1654:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1615:Wayback Machine
1606:
1602:
1596:Wayback Machine
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1516:
1506:
1504:
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1453:Ben-Tzion Spitz
1437:David Bar Hayim
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1032:
1026:Wayback Machine
1009:
1005:
937:
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925:
910:
909:
905:
895:
893:
888:
887:
876:
872:
848:
843:
804:
788:Hebrew calendar
780:
736:In 2015, Rabbi
727:Reform Movement
665:Hoshanah Rabbah
587:
490:
443:Hebrew calendar
439:
411:
334:State of Israel
270:
247:Hebrew calendar
227:
224:
221:
218:
177:
161:Related to
147:
137:
127:
117:
106:Hebrew calendar
51:
26:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2227:
2226:
2223:
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2020:
2018:Jabotinsky Day
2015:
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1932:17th of Tammuz
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1652:External links
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1553:knesset.gov.il
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611:Agudath Israel
603:Jewish holiday
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514:Yad La-Shiryon
512:exhibition at
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2068:Hebrew months
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1942:The Nine Days
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259:Yom HaZikaron
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