68:
330:
36:
559:
505:
528:
617:
588:
52:
646:
87:
350:
212:(1917) respectively. Causes for a country or province wishing to seek independence are many, but most can be summed up as a feeling of inequality compared to the dominant power. The means can extend from intended peaceful demonstrations as in the case of
294:
551:
1112:
638:
609:
520:
297:, but this right remained mostly applicable only to unfree territorial entities, such as colonies. How much these rights apply to all people has been a crucial point of discussion. The rights to
580:
1583:
2037:
67:
1414:
779:
1971:
1901:
1092:
Emancipate your colonies!: addressed to the
National Convention of France Anno 1793, shewing the uselessness and mischievousness of distant dependencies to an European state
1578:
1723:
1941:
959:
1863:
1741:
1595:
739:
1764:
389:
1544:
1529:
1201:
44:
2060:
1989:
477:
1886:
1255:
392:
issued in 1776. The dates of established independence (or, less commonly, the commencement of revolution), are typically celebrated as a national
1876:
1153:
774:
1233:
417:
165:
means to achieving sovereignty. In general, revolutions aim only to redistribute power with or without an element of emancipation,such as in
2055:
1797:
1633:
955:
744:
334:
1716:
1243:
1065:
769:
385:
233:
60:
224:(1962). In some cases, a country may also have declared independence, but may only be partially recognized by other countries; such as
1814:
734:
2017:
1997:
1959:
1661:
1486:
1381:
903:
875:
1060:
196:(1949), while some revolutions that were specifically about a change in the political structure have resulted in breakaway states.
1909:
1891:
1831:
1821:
1481:
670:
2032:
678:
35:
2027:
1931:
1709:
1686:
1283:
1196:
193:
329:
823:, Armenia falls entirely in Western Asia, while Georgia and Azerbaijan are mostly in Asia with small portions north of the
2007:
1979:
1836:
1804:
1792:
1516:
27:
313:, but is not a right of secession, except in extreme cases of oppression as a remedy from the oppression. Therefore, the
1787:
1681:
213:
388:
in 2017. Declaring independence and attaining it, however, are quite different. A well-known successful example is the
145:. The commemoration of the independence day of a country or nation celebrates when a country is free from all forms of
2106:
1919:
1649:
1572:
1250:
1191:
951:
837:
369:
217:
181:
1371:
1333:
1267:
1146:
1055:
413:
189:
107:
2002:
1521:
1298:
1211:
724:
267:
refers to an autonomous region that depends upon a larger government for its protection as an autonomous region.
1954:
1926:
1506:
1491:
1288:
2116:
2065:
1590:
1496:
1262:
729:
432:
377:
162:
99:
1091:
1949:
1777:
1501:
1458:
1453:
1386:
1293:
1238:
177:
79:
2101:
2042:
1357:
1139:
1117:
564:
2111:
2022:
1881:
1871:
1841:
1618:
1534:
1511:
1206:
1009:""Indigenous sovereignty" and right to self-determination in international law: a critical appraisal"
714:
357:
1853:
1826:
1676:
1419:
1401:
1131:
784:
719:
361:
185:
138:
2012:
1914:
1809:
1782:
1772:
1671:
1038:
824:
820:
759:
310:
302:
209:
173:
103:
867:
861:
1846:
1754:
1554:
1468:
1366:
1215:
1030:
899:
871:
709:
251:
205:
91:
71:
40:
1339:
1329:
1121:
1096:
1020:
764:
397:
95:
1623:
1605:
1539:
1429:
1396:
1391:
1107:
891:
504:
462:
454:
424:
318:
306:
280:
166:
130:
126:
368:
Sometimes, a state wishing to achieve independence from a dominating power will issue a
1628:
1564:
1549:
1473:
1463:
1443:
1170:
1166:
1086:
816:
473:
436:
428:
393:
290:
284:
56:
20:
919:
2095:
1655:
1042:
440:
353:
161:
has long been contested, and has often been debated over the question of violence as
1448:
1406:
1349:
1225:
1162:
749:
469:
458:
264:
221:
75:
149:; free to build a country or nation without any interference from other nations.
2070:
1376:
1361:
1321:
533:
298:
146:
134:
51:
2080:
1434:
664:
622:
593:
260:
158:
1034:
1025:
1008:
863:
From Grand Duchy to a Modern State: A Political
History of Finland Since 1809
295:
Declaration on the
Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples
204:, for example, gained their independence during the revolutions occurring in
176:(1910) chiefly refers to a multi-factional conflict that eventually led to a
2075:
1732:
1125:
754:
416:
through the 1830s, when the last royalist bastions fell at the close of the
408:
Historically, there have been four major periods of declaring independence:
314:
276:
256:
1100:
293:
colonies gained rights to independence through documents such as the 1960
933:
704:
373:
338:
255:
refers to a kind of independence which has been granted by an overseeing
245:
197:
1701:
1666:
1113:
Independence: Rectorial address delivered at St
Andrews October 10 1923
699:
694:
342:
201:
129:, in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise
122:
86:
981:
259:
that itself still retains ultimate authority over that territory (see
137:, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the status of a
1749:
381:
229:
225:
142:
118:
349:
651:
453:, when seventy newly independent states emerged from the European
348:
328:
85:
66:
50:
34:
1705:
1135:
172:
a state, which as such may remain unaltered. For example, the
503:
305:
allow clarification. The right of self-determination allows
188:
have been described as revolutions, such as the ones in the
1013:
157:
Whether the attainment of independence is different from
896:
Walter
Benjamin: Selected Writings, Volume 1: 1913–1926
952:"International recognitions of the Republic of Kosovo"
860:
Osmo
Jussila – Seppo Hentilä – Jukka Nevakivi (1999).
780:
United
Nations list of non-self-governing territories
1988:
1970:
1940:
1900:
1862:
1763:
1740:
1642:
1604:
1563:
1428:
1348:
1320:
1311:
1276:
1224:
1184:
1177:
468:and the early 1990s, following the breakup of the
457:like India, Algeria etc. and the collapse of the
1061:The Declaration of Independence in World Context
986:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Self-Determination
898:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 236–252.
321:and independence by the capacity to be a state.
317:is generally determined by the legislation of
1717:
1147:
740:List of sovereign states by date of formation
380:in 1320, with the most recent examples being
240:Distinction between independence and autonomy
8:
102:on 4 December 1917, and it was confirmed by
43:on the east coast of North America issued a
384:'s declaration of independence in 2012 and
1724:
1710:
1702:
1317:
1181:
1154:
1140:
1132:
180:; it has rarely been used to refer to the
98:in the head of table. The Senate declared
16:Condition of a nation with self-governance
1024:
819:, at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.
498:Most Recent Country to Gain Independence
488:
852:
796:
1072:, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pp. 61–66 (2004)
775:Unilateral declaration of independence
982:"Legal Aspects of Self-Determination"
866:. London: C. Hurst & Co. p.
803:Independence from the United Kingdom.
418:Spanish American wars of independence
232:, from which Kosovo has seceded, has
7:
1634:Postcolonial international relations
745:Lists of active separatist movements
372:; the earliest surviving example is
335:Estonian Declaration of Independence
184:(1821) against Spain. However, some
57:Spanish territories in South America
1575:— Predecessors of sovereign states
1066:Organization of American Historians
770:Special Committee on Decolonization
412:from the 1770s, beginning with the
386:Catalan declaration of independence
277:Secession § Right to secession
2038:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
920:"Kosovo MPs proclaim independence"
735:List of national independence days
14:
962:from the original on May 15, 2021
106:6 December 1917 which became the
1596:Sovereign states formation dates
644:
615:
586:
557:
526:
390:U.S. Declaration of Independence
356:at the first anniversary of the
309:, as for example in the case of
289:During the 20th century wave of
2061:Historical separatist movements
1019:(1). SAGE Publications: 71–82.
423:the immediate aftermath of the
1687:Decolonization of public space
922:. BBC News. February 17, 2008.
1:
1502:Couronian (Polish-Lithuanian)
447:
427:following the breakup of the
28:Independence (disambiguation)
1682:Christianity and colonialism
669:
637:
608:
579:
550:
519:
325:Declarations of independence
2056:Active separatist movements
1650:Decolonization of knowledge
1573:Wars of national liberation
1007:Shrinkhal, Rashwet (2021).
956:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
370:declaration of independence
333:Public proclamation of the
228:(2008), whose independence
108:Independence Day of Finland
78:after breaking the news of
61:Declaration of independence
45:Declaration of Independence
2135:
934:"The world's newest state"
414:American Revolutionary War
274:
243:
153:Definition of independence
25:
18:
2051:
725:Independence constitution
502:
491:
74:surrounded by a crowd in
41:Thirteen British Colonies
1095:(1st ed.), London,
1026:10.1177/1177180121994681
836:An independent state in
94:of 1917, Prime Minister
19:Not to be confused with
2066:Independence referendum
1591:Independence referendum
840:with the United States.
730:Independence referendum
378:Declaration of Arbroath
362:independence of Albania
234:not formally recognized
1877:Bosnia and Herzegovina
508:
365:
346:
111:
83:
64:
55:Chile, one of several
48:
817:Transcaucasian Region
565:Saint Kitts and Nevis
507:
360:which proclaimed the
352:
332:
271:Right to independence
89:
80:Brazil's independence
70:
54:
38:
1619:Internal colonialism
940:. February 21, 2008.
715:Economic nationalism
186:wars of independence
117:is a condition of a
82:on 7 September 1822.
26:For other uses, see
2013:Indian subcontinent
1927:Denmark (Greenland)
1677:Uncontacted peoples
1528:Mostly contiguous:
1402:settler colonialism
1367:Chartered companies
1070:Magazine of History
988:. February 11, 1918
785:War of Independence
720:Energy independence
404:Historical overview
345:on 23 February 1918
139:dependent territory
100:Finland independent
2107:Political theories
2028:Republic of Venice
1998:All-Russian Empire
1672:Indigenous peoples
1415:Non-self-governing
825:Caucasus Mountains
760:Self Determination
509:
366:
364:(28 November 1912)
347:
315:right to secession
311:indigenous peoples
303:self-determination
220:as in the case of
174:Mexican Revolution
112:
84:
65:
49:
2089:
2088:
1960:Western Australia
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1480:Overseas, minor:
1442:Overseas, major:
1307:
1306:
1244:European colonies
827:divide in Europe.
821:Physiographically
710:Domestic sourcing
685:
684:
459:Nazi German Reich
358:Assembly of Vlorë
2124:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1703:
1643:Related concepts
1584:in South America
1492:Austro-Hungarian
1430:Colonial empires
1340:Age of Discovery
1330:Maritime history
1318:
1182:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1133:
1128:
1103:
1073:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1028:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
948:
942:
941:
930:
924:
923:
916:
910:
909:
892:Benjamin, Walter
888:
882:
881:
857:
838:free association
834:
813:
801:
765:Self-sufficiency
662:
650:
648:
647:
633:
621:
619:
618:
604:
592:
590:
589:
575:
563:
561:
560:
546:
545:
532:
530:
529:
515:
489:
455:colonial empires
452:
449:
433:Austro-Hungarian
398:independence Day
319:sovereign states
178:new constitution
96:P. E. Svinhufvud
2134:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2047:
1984:
1966:
1936:
1896:
1858:
1759:
1736:
1730:
1700:
1691:
1638:
1624:Nation-building
1606:Postcolonialism
1600:
1559:
1432:
1424:
1397:detribalization
1372:Interventionism
1344:
1313:
1303:
1272:
1220:
1173:
1160:
1116:, Garden City:
1108:Rudyard Kipling
1106:
1085:
1082:
1080:Further reading
1077:
1076:
1054:
1050:
1006:
1005:
1001:
991:
989:
980:
979:
975:
965:
963:
950:
949:
945:
932:
931:
927:
918:
917:
913:
906:
890:
889:
885:
878:
859:
858:
854:
849:
844:
841:
831:
828:
807:
804:
798:
794:
789:
690:
667:
660:
645:
643:
635:
631:
616:
614:
606:
602:
587:
585:
577:
573:
558:
556:
548:
543:
542:
527:
525:
517:
513:
487:
463:Empire of Japan
450:
425:First World War
406:
327:
307:self-governance
287:
281:Sovereign state
275:Main articles:
273:
248:
242:
167:democratization
155:
131:self-government
31:
24:
21:Interdependence
17:
12:
11:
5:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2120:
2119:
2117:Decolonization
2114:
2109:
2104:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:Ottoman Empire
2015:
2010:
2008:Czechoslovakia
2005:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1906:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1892:United Kingdom
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1769:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1652:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1629:Neocolonialism
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1569:
1567:
1565:Decolonization
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1326:
1324:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1277:Decolonization
1274:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1256:Southeast Asia
1248:
1247:
1246:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1171:neocolonialism
1167:decolonization
1161:
1159:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1104:
1087:Jeremy Bentham
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1056:David Armitage
1048:
999:
973:
943:
925:
911:
904:
883:
876:
851:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:
835:
829:
814:
805:
802:
795:
793:
790:
788:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
691:
689:
686:
683:
682:
681:international
673:
668:
659:
656:
655:
641:
636:
630:
627:
626:
612:
607:
601:
598:
597:
583:
578:
572:
569:
568:
554:
549:
547: Americas
541:
538:
537:
523:
518:
512:
510:
500:
499:
496:
493:
486:
483:
482:
481:
474:Czechoslovakia
466:
444:
421:
405:
402:
326:
323:
291:decolonization
285:Decolonization
272:
269:
244:Main article:
241:
238:
182:armed struggle
154:
151:
133:, and usually
92:Finnish Senate
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2130:
2129:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1972:South America
1969:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1932:United States
1930:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1902:North America
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1727:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1656:Terra nullius
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1555:South African
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1003:
1000:
987:
983:
977:
974:
961:
957:
953:
947:
944:
939:
938:The Economist
935:
929:
926:
921:
915:
912:
907:
905:0-674-94585-9
901:
897:
893:
887:
884:
879:
877:0-8093-9112-0
873:
869:
865:
864:
856:
853:
846:
839:
833:
830:
826:
822:
818:
812:
811:
806:
800:
797:
791:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
692:
687:
680:
677:
674:
672:
666:
658:
657:
653:
642:
640:
634: Oceania
629:
628:
624:
613:
611:
600:
599:
595:
584:
582:
571:
570:
566:
555:
553:
540:
539:
535:
524:
522:
511:
506:
501:
497:
494:
490:
484:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
460:
456:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
419:
415:
411:
410:
409:
403:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
340:
336:
331:
324:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
286:
282:
278:
270:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:
247:
239:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:(1947), to a
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:United States
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
168:
164:
160:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
81:
77:
73:
69:
62:
58:
53:
46:
42:
37:
33:
29:
22:
2102:Independence
2033:Soviet Union
1755:South Africa
1654:
1614:Independence
1613:
1350:Colonization
1226:Colonization
1216:World oceans
1163:Colonization
1111:
1090:
1069:
1059:
1051:
1016:
1012:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
985:
976:
964:. Retrieved
946:
937:
928:
914:
895:
886:
862:
855:
832:
810:
809:
799:
750:Real freedom
675:
605: Europe
516: Africa
470:Soviet Union
407:
396:known as an
367:
354:Ismail Kemal
288:
265:protectorate
250:
249:
169:
156:
115:Independence
114:
113:
72:Prince Pedro
32:
2112:Sovereignty
2071:Irredentism
1837:Philippines
1512:New Zealand
1377:Colonialism
1362:Imperialism
1322:Exploration
1185:Exploration
679:condominium
534:South Sudan
451: 1979
299:nationality
218:violent war
208:(1911) and
192:(1783) and
147:colonialism
135:sovereignty
59:, issued a
2096:Categories
2081:Separatism
2043:Yugoslavia
2003:Bangladesh
1990:Historical
1735:by country
1733:Secessions
1662:Plantation
1487:Australian
1469:Portuguese
1435:modern era
1382:chronology
1268:Antarctica
1212:Antarctica
1126:Q100272896
847:References
665:Antarctica
623:Montenegro
594:East Timor
576: Asia
485:Continents
478:Yugoslavia
261:Devolution
163:legitimate
159:revolution
104:parliament
2076:Secession
1950:Australia
1822:Indonesia
1810:Khalistan
1778:Hong Kong
1579:in Europe
1517:Norwegian
1420:Dependent
1413:Current:
1358:Antiquity
1178:By region
1118:Doubleday
1101:Q19094713
1043:232264306
1035:1177-1801
992:March 31,
894:(1996) .
755:Secession
492:Continent
257:authority
194:Indonesia
76:São Paulo
1955:Tasmania
1832:Pakistan
1798:Xinjiang
1540:Japanese
1530:American
1482:American
1334:European
1284:Americas
1234:Americas
1192:Americas
1122:Wikidata
1110:(1924),
1097:Wikidata
1089:(1830),
960:Archived
815:Part of
705:Autonomy
688:See also
676:de facto
461:and the
446:1945 to
443:empires;
374:Scotland
252:Autonomy
246:Autonomy
198:Mongolia
2023:Prussia
1942:Oceania
1915:Alberta
1872:Belgium
1847:Siberia
1667:Settler
1550:Russian
1545:Ottoman
1535:Chinese
1522:Swedish
1497:Belgian
1474:Spanish
1464:Italian
1444:British
1433:in the
1392:empires
1387:history
1312:General
1299:Oceania
1263:Oceania
1207:Oceania
966:July 6,
700:Autarky
695:Liberty
654:(1994)
625:(2006)
596:(2002)
567:(1983)
536:(2011)
437:Russian
429:Ottoman
394:holiday
343:Estonia
222:Algeria
202:Finland
123:country
63:in 1818
47:in 1776
1980:Brazil
1920:Quebec
1910:Canada
1882:Russia
1864:Europe
1854:Turkey
1842:Russia
1815:Sikkim
1788:Taiwan
1742:Africa
1507:Danish
1459:German
1454:French
1314:topics
1289:Africa
1239:Africa
1197:Africa
1169:, and
1124:
1099:
1041:
1033:
902:
874:
663:
661:
649:
632:
620:
603:
591:
574:
562:
544:
531:
514:
441:German
382:Azawad
283:, and
230:Serbia
226:Kosovo
210:Russia
170:within
143:colony
119:nation
1887:Spain
1805:India
1793:Tibet
1783:Macau
1773:China
1449:Dutch
1039:S2CID
792:Notes
652:Palau
339:Pärnu
263:). A
214:India
206:China
127:state
125:, or
1827:Iraq
1765:Asia
1750:Mali
1407:wars
1294:Asia
1251:Asia
1202:Asia
1031:ISSN
994:2022
968:2021
900:ISBN
872:ISBN
476:and
301:and
200:and
90:The
39:The
1068:,
1021:doi
868:103
671:N/A
495:No.
376:'s
337:in
141:or
2098::
1360:—
1214:—
1165:,
1120:,
1064:,
1058:,
1037:.
1029:.
1017:17
1015:.
1011:.
984:.
958:.
954:.
936:.
870:.
808:^
639:14
610:50
581:44
552:35
521:54
472:,
448:c.
439:,
435:,
431:,
400:.
341:,
279:,
236:.
121:,
1725:e
1718:t
1711:v
1336:)
1332:(
1155:e
1148:t
1141:v
1045:.
1023::
996:.
970:.
908:.
880:.
480:.
465:;
420:;
110:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
