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of new stars. In that case, they fall back into each other and eventually merge into one galaxy after many passes through each other. If one of the colliding galaxies is much larger than the other, it will remain largely intact after the merger. The larger galaxy will look much the same, while the
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1435:"Implications for the Origin of Early-type Dwarf Galaxies: A Detailed Look at the Isolated Rotating Early-type Dwarf Galaxy LEDA 2108986 (CG 611), Ramifications for the Fundamental Plane's {S}_{K}^{2} Kinematic Scaling, and the Spin-Ellipticity Diagram"
417:
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slows the relative motion of galaxy pairs, which may possibly merge at some point, according to the initial relative energy of the orbits. A library of simulated galaxy collisions can be found at the Paris
Observatory website GALMER.
416:
444:
261:
Galactic collisions are now frequently simulated on computers, which use realistic physics principles, including the simulation of gravitational forces, gas dissipation phenomena, star formation, and feedback.
487:
258:
smaller galaxy will be stripped apart and become part of the larger galaxy. When galaxies pass through each other, unlike during mergers, they largely retain their material and shape after the pass.
313:
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Evidence for the hypothesis had been claimed by studying early-type dwarf galaxies in the Virgo
Cluster and finding structures, such as disks and spiral arms, which suggest they are former
361:
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132:(right) display some curious features, showing that each is close enough to feel the distorting gravitational influence of the other. Image from the Wide Field Imager on the MPG/
415:
242:. The extremely tenuous distribution of matter in galaxies means these are not collisions in the traditional sense of the word, but rather gravitational interactions.
564:
gravitational interactions with a companion, merges with that companion. The most common result of the gravitational merger between two or more galaxies is a larger
230:
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2327:
1977:
429:
1433:
Graham, Alister W.; Janz, Joachim; Penny, Samantha J.; Chilingarian, Igor V.; Ciambur, Bogdan C.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Davies, Roger L. (2017-05-01).
297:
1021:
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located 700 million light-years away. Both galaxies are beginning to merge together, with a separation gap of only 130,000 light-years.
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transformed by the above-mentioned interactions. The existence of similar structures in isolated early-type dwarf galaxies, such as
108:
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whose gravitational interactions will fling various celestial bodies outward, evicting them from the resulting elliptical galaxy.
89:
1494:"Implications for the origin of early-type dwarf galaxies - the discovery of rotation in isolated, low-mass early-type galaxies"
61:
1202:
1172:
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333:
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46:
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Galaxy harassment is a type of interaction between a low-luminosity galaxy and a brighter one that takes place within rich
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2125:
68:
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galaxy has merged with another galaxy leaving a fine mist, made of millions of stars, spewing from it in long trails.
75:
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204:. Such orphaned clusters of stars were sometimes referred to as "blue blobs" before they were recognized as stars.
35:
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and heating of their gas. The result would be the conversion of (late type) low-luminosity spiral galaxies into
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if two galaxies collide and do not have enough momentum to continue traveling after the collision. As with other
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2191:
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57:
1601:
Junko Ueda; et al. (2014). "Cold molecular gas in merger remnants. I. Formation of molecular gas disks".
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2358:
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1964:
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532:. These galaxies are currently in a gravitational tug of war with each other, distorting their appendences.
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Janz, Joachim; Penny, Samantha J.; Graham, Alister W.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Davies, Roger L. (2017-07-01).
1002:
349:
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2002:
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and suffering frequent encounters with other systems of the cluster due to the high galactic density.
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is an impressive pair of interacting galaxies with a feather-like galaxy crossing a companion galaxy.
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This simulation follows the collision of two spiral galaxies that harbour giant black holes.
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953:"HubbleSite: News - Hubble Finds that "Blue Blobs" in Space Are Orphaned Clusters of Stars"
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2019:
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arcing from these dwarf galaxies to the Milky Way is taken as evidence for the theory.
201:
1370:"More evidence for hidden spiral and bar features in bright early-type dwarf galaxies"
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192:. Alternatively, the secondary satellite can dive into the primary galaxy, as in the
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It has been suggested that galactic cannibalism is currently occurring between the
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172:. An example of a major interaction is a galactic collision, which may lead to a
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NGC 4038 & NGC 4039 are a pair of interacting galaxies in the constellation
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24:
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result in a disturbance of one another. An example of a minor interaction is a
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2MASX J09133888-1019196, an interacting galaxy in the constellation of
161:
1987:
1972:
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618:, the interactions convert the affected galaxy disks into disturbed
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is common. A satellite's gravity could attract one of the primary's
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is a common phenomenon. It refers to the process in which a large
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ESO 576-69 is believed to be the nucleus of a former spiral galaxy.
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2007:
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Interacting galaxy pair, ESO 77-14 located in the constellation
234:
Gravitationally lensed galactic merger H-ATLAS J142935.3-002836.
1675:
1022:"Galaxy Collision Creates 'Space Triangle' in New Hubble Image"
1003:"How the Hubble Space Telescope Changed Our View of the Cosmos"
133:
18:
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1045:
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Barazza, F. D.; Binggeli, B.; Jerjen, H. (2002-09-01).
977:"Best View Yet of Merging Galaxies in Distant Universe"
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2118:
2028:
1963:
1854:
1709:
1258:"Hubble Interacting Galaxy 2MASX J09133888-1019196"
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1498:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
912:in about 4.5 billion years. Some think the two
661:Montage of some well known interacting galaxies
626:followed by, if more encounters occur, loss of
200:. That can possibly trigger a small amount of
16:Galaxies with interacting gravitational fields
2328:List of the most distant astronomical objects
1687:
8:
1327:"APOD: 2010 July 17 - Galaxies in the River"
1603:The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
438:comprises a couple of interacting galaxies.
253:, the merging of two galaxies may create a
1694:
1680:
1672:
1554:"Galactic merger to 'evict' Sun and Earth"
1203:"The messy result of a galactic collision"
716:Satellites interacting with their primary
664:
1614:
1527:
1509:
1468:
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1385:
327:both located 55 million light-years away.
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
656:
456:in the process of a lengthy merger with
120:
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755:Satellite interacting with its primary
736:Satellite interacting with its primary
583:. Streams of gravitationally-attracted
274:
1001:Nola Taylor Tillman (April 21, 2015).
1282:"Hubble Interacting Galaxy ESO 77-14"
238:Colliding galaxies are common during
7:
607:, where galaxies are moving at high
184:A giant galaxy interacting with its
47:adding citations to reliable sources
916:will eventually merge to become an
194:Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy
1564:from the original on 20 April 2014
1020:Gianopoulos, Andrea (2022-02-18).
649:, has undermined this hypothesis.
14:
1667:GALMER: Galaxy Merger Simulations
581:Large and Small Magellanic Clouds
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343:merging into a single structure.
332:
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168:disturbing the primary galaxy's
23:
904:Astronomers have estimated the
34:needs additional citations for
2399:Galaxy formation and evolution
2394:Galaxy color–magnitude diagram
1207:ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week
1177:ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week
1:
908:Galaxy will collide with the
900:Andromeda–Milky Way collision
894:Andromeda–Milky Way collision
761:Butterfly Galaxies NGC 4567/8
221:Animation of Galaxy Collision
1067:"Galactic Creatures at Play"
2281:Galaxies named after people
1233:"Defying cosmic convention"
864:Galaxies going through the
841:Galaxies going through the
817:Galaxies going through the
793:Galaxies going through the
774:Early phase of interaction
2518:
2414:Gravitational microlensing
2369:Galactic coordinate system
1404:10.1051/0004-6361:20020875
1374:Astronomy and Astrophysics
897:
805:(NGC 4676A and NGC 4676B)
2452:
1633:10.1088/0067-0049/214/1/1
1584:, June 2008, page 28, by
1552:Hazel Muir (2007-05-14).
1439:The Astrophysical Journal
2379:Galactic magnetic fields
2192:Brightest cluster galaxy
2088:Luminous infrared galaxy
1470:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6e56
2502:Extragalactic astronomy
2374:Galactic habitable zone
2359:Extragalactic astronomy
1948:Supermassive black hole
1862:Active galactic nucleus
1396:2002A&A...391..823B
1117:"A close galactic pair"
547:2MASX J16270254+4328340
2126:Low surface brightness
1877:Central massive object
1237:www.spacetelescope.org
1121:www.spacetelescope.org
1096:www.spacetelescope.org
1071:www.spacetelescope.org
868:in galactic collision
845:in galactic collision
821:in galactic collision
797:in galactic collision
708:SBc/SB(s)m/SB(s)m pec
662:
620:barred spiral galaxies
550:
245:Colliding may lead to
235:
222:
144:
2404:Galaxy rotation curve
660:
545:
355:Galaxy pair Zw I 136.
319:Interacting galaxies
233:
220:
180:Satellite interaction
124:
2497:Interacting galaxies
2439:Population III stars
2434:Intergalactic travel
2384:Galactic orientation
2251:Voids and supervoids
1662:Galactic cannibalism
1529:10.1093/mnras/stx634
780:NGC 2207 and IC 2163
765:SA(rs)bc / SA(rs)bc
616:computer simulations
554:Galactic cannibalism
538:Galactic cannibalism
451:Barred spiral galaxy
162:gravitational fields
148:Interacting galaxies
141:La Silla Observatory
58:"Interacting galaxy"
43:improve this article
2429:Intergalactic stars
2318:Large quasar groups
2313:Groups and clusters
2177:Groups and clusters
2036:Lyman-alpha emitter
1928:Interstellar medium
1625:2014ApJS..214....1U
1520:2017MNRAS.468.2850J
1461:2017ApJ...840...68G
1351:"Galaxy Harassment"
1213:on 24 November 2020
1153:on 31 December 2015
920:or perhaps a large
570:elliptical galaxies
303:Close encounter at
137:2.2-metre telescope
2424:Intergalactic dust
2409:Gravitational lens
2364:Galactic astronomy
2333:Starburst galaxies
2073:blue compact dwarf
2029:Energetic galaxies
1993:BL Lacertae object
663:
551:
264:Dynamical friction
236:
223:
153:colliding galaxies
145:
2484:
2483:
2444:Galaxy X (galaxy)
2419:Illustris project
2389:Galactic quadrant
2110:Wolf-Rayet galaxy
2100:Green bean galaxy
2095:Hot dust-obscured
2046:Luminous infrared
1810:Elliptical galaxy
1657:Galaxy Collisions
1355:supernova.lbl.gov
1092:"Close encounter"
981:ESO Press Release
918:elliptical galaxy
891:
890:
827:Antennae Galaxies
636:dwarf ellipticals
632:dwarf spheroidals
591:Galaxy harassment
572:may also result.
494:Antennae Galaxies
461:elliptical galaxy
418:
251:galaxy collisions
218:
119:
118:
111:
93:
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2105:Hanny's Voorwerp
2015:Relativistic jet
1889:Dark matter halo
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1504:(3): 2850–2864.
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1387:astro-ph/0206275
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1306:"The last waltz"
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1209:. Archived from
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1179:. Archived from
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1149:. Archived from
1147:"Two become one"
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1127:on 20 April 2017
1123:. Archived from
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910:Andromeda Galaxy
722:Whirlpool Galaxy
696:Milky Way Galaxy
665:
653:Notable examples
628:angular momentum
566:irregular galaxy
525:
509:
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381:Whirlpool Galaxy
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255:starburst region
240:galaxy evolution
226:Galaxy collision
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196:diving into the
166:satellite galaxy
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1938:Galaxy filament
1882:Galactic Center
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1183:on 10 June 2020
1173:"Galactic soup"
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914:spiral galaxies
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609:relative speeds
597:galaxy clusters
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305:IRAS 06076-2139
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1651:External links
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1380:(3): 823–831.
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957:hubblesite.org
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898:Main article:
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202:star formation
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2338:Superclusters
2336:
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2241:Superclusters
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2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:Galactic tide
2170:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2131:Ultra diffuse
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
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2001:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
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1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1965:Active nuclei
1962:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1946:
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1941:
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1936:
1934:
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1558:New Scientist
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1331:apod.nasa.gov
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831:
829:(NGC 4038/9)
828:
825:
824:
820:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
803:Mice Galaxies
801:
800:
796:
792:
789:
786:
783:
781:
778:
777:
773:
770:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
754:
751:
748:
746:SB(s)bc (E6)
745:
743:
740:
739:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
719:
715:
713:
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659:
652:
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629:
625:
622:and produces
621:
617:
614:According to
612:
610:
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582:
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409:
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404:Mice Galaxies
398:
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243:
241:
232:
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205:
203:
199:
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191:
187:
179:
177:
175:
174:galaxy merger
171:
167:
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159:
155:
154:
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142:
138:
135:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2474:
2462:
2203:
2197:fossil group
2119:Low activity
1953:Ultramassive
1783:Dwarf galaxy
1766:intermediate
1761:grand design
1606:
1602:
1596:
1586:Abraham Loeb
1577:
1566:. Retrieved
1546:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1354:
1345:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1309:. Retrieved
1300:
1289:. Retrieved
1285:
1276:
1265:. Retrieved
1261:
1252:
1240:. Retrieved
1236:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1211:the original
1206:
1197:
1185:. Retrieved
1181:the original
1176:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:the original
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1125:the original
1120:
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:
1086:
1074:. Retrieved
1070:
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1040:
1029:. Retrieved
1025:
1015:
1006:
996:
984:. Retrieved
980:
971:
960:. Retrieved
956:
947:
903:
865:
842:
819:second phase
818:
794:
727:SAc (SB0-a)
647:LEDA 2108986
643:disc systems
640:
613:
594:
574:
553:
552:
260:
244:
237:
183:
152:
151:
147:
146:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2256:void galaxy
2219:cannibalism
2204:Interacting
2160:Interaction
2146:Blue Nugget
2136:Dark galaxy
2041:Lyman-break
1933:Protogalaxy
1899:Disc galaxy
1311:14 December
1157:28 December
922:disc galaxy
866:third phase
843:third phase
808:S0/SB(s)ab
795:first phase
190:spiral arms
170:spiral arms
128:(left) and
2491:Categories
2296:Polar-ring
2141:Red nugget
2083:faint blue
1943:Spiral arm
1798:spheroidal
1788:elliptical
1771:Magellanic
1756:flocculent
1724:Lenticular
1711:Morphology
1568:2014-10-07
1511:1703.04975
1452:1705.03587
1336:2022-12-01
1291:2024-08-30
1286:HubbleSite
1267:2024-08-30
1262:HubbleSite
1031:2022-12-01
962:2017-05-24
940:References
624:starbursts
599:, such as
560:, through
186:satellites
69:newspapers
2231:Satellite
2226:Jellyfish
2214:collision
2151:Dead disk
2068:Starburst
1983:Markarian
1855:Structure
1822:Irregular
1793:irregular
1616:1407.6873
1582:Astronomy
1538:0035-8711
1479:0004-637X
1445:(2): 68.
1412:0004-6361
1187:18 August
1076:10 August
1007:Space.com
986:26 August
906:Milky Way
784:SAc/SAbc
686:Magnitude
678:(million
577:Milky Way
479:ESO 593-8
385:satellite
383:with its
287:taken by
198:Milky Way
2463:Category
2352:See also
2276:Galaxies
2003:X-shaped
1834:Peculiar
1776:unbarred
1734:unbarred
1703:Galaxies
1609:(1): 1.
1562:Archived
1242:20 March
1131:21 April
1051:27 March
1046:"GALMER"
934:NGC 7318
928:See also
874:NGC 2936
832:SAc/SBm
742:NGC 1097
676:Distance
585:hydrogen
579:and the
464:NGC 1510
454:NGC 1512
436:NGC 3447
388:NGC 5195
341:NGC 6052
325:NGC 4298
321:NGC 4302
285:UGC 2369
158:galaxies
130:NGC 3166
126:NGC 3169
99:May 2009
2323:Quasars
2291:Nearest
2286:Largest
2187:cluster
2020:Seyfert
1621:Bibcode
1590:T.J.Cox
1516:Bibcode
1457:Bibcode
1392:Bibcode
851:NGC 520
339:Galaxy
271:Gallery
247:merging
139:at the
83:scholar
2475:Portal
2306:Spiral
2209:merger
1988:Quasar
1973:Blazar
1911:corona
1827:barred
1803:spiral
1751:barred
1746:anemic
1741:Spiral
1729:barred
1641:716993
1639:
1536:
1477:
1420:844270
1418:
1410:
1217:29 May
884:+12.9
861:+11.3
838:+10.3
814:+13.5
771:+10.9
724:(M51)
690:Notes
568:, but
558:galaxy
498:Corvus
160:whose
156:) are
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2343:Voids
2268:Lists
2246:Walls
2182:group
2167:Field
2061:ELIRG
2056:HLIRG
2051:ULIRG
2008:DRAGN
1998:Radio
1978:LINER
1872:Bulge
1844:Polar
1637:S2CID
1611:arXiv
1506:arXiv
1447:arXiv
1416:S2CID
1382:arXiv
1101:8 May
752:+9.5
733:+8.4
668:Name
601:Virgo
562:tidal
530:Indus
514:Hydra
458:dwarf
90:JSTOR
76:books
2301:Ring
1906:Halo
1894:Disc
1839:Ring
1719:Disc
1588:and
1534:ISSN
1475:ISSN
1408:ISSN
1313:2015
1244:2017
1219:2013
1189:2014
1159:2015
1133:2017
1103:2017
1078:2019
1053:2010
1026:NASA
988:2014
881:352
878:Irr
858:100
811:300
790:+11
787:114
702:and
672:Type
634:and
605:Coma
603:and
402:The
379:The
323:and
62:news
2078:pea
1867:Bar
1629:doi
1607:214
1524:doi
1502:468
1465:doi
1443:840
1400:doi
1378:391
835:45
768:60
749:45
730:37
704:SMC
700:LMC
289:HST
134:ESO
45:by
2493::
1815:cD
1635:.
1627:.
1619:.
1605:.
1560:.
1556:.
1532:.
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1500:.
1496:.
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1205:.
1175:.
1119:.
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1024:.
1005:.
979:.
955:.
924:.
887:?
855:S
711:0
698:,
682:)
680:ly
638:.
176:.
1695:e
1688:t
1681:v
1643:.
1631::
1623::
1613::
1571:.
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1080:.
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406:.
390:.
307:.
291:.
150:(
143:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
