260:(IL2), are secreted by lectin- or antigen-stimulated T cells, and have various physiological effects. IL2 is a lymphokine that induces the proliferation of responsive T cells. In addition, it acts on some B cells, via receptor-specific binding, as a growth factor and antibody production stimulant. The protein is secreted as a single glycosylated polypeptide, and cleavage of a signal sequence is required for its activity. Solution NMR suggests that the structure of IL2 comprises a bundle of 4 helices (termed A-D), flanked by 2 shorter helices and several poorly defined loops. Residues in helix A, and in the loop region between helices A and B, are important for receptor binding. Secondary structure analysis has suggested similarity to IL4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF).
583:(IL-17) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated memory T cells. This cytokine is characterized by its proinflammatory properties, role in recruiting neutrophils, and importance in innate and adaptive immunity. Not only does IL-17 play a key role in inflammation of many autoimmune diseases, such as RA, allergies, asthma, psoriasis, and more, but it also plays a key role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, some studies have found that IL-17 plays a role in tumorigenesis (initial formation of a tumor) and transplant rejection. The IL-17 family is thought to represent a distinct signaling system that appears to have been highly conserved across vertebrate evolution.
184:) are cytokines that participate in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis. Two types of IL-1 receptor, each with three extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, limited sequence similarity (28%) and different pharmacological characteristics have been cloned from mouse and human cell lines: these have been termed type I and type II receptors. The receptors both exist in transmembrane (TM) and soluble forms: the soluble IL-1 receptor is thought to be post-translationally derived from cleavage of the extracellular portion of the membrane receptors.
448:(IL-9) is a cytokine that supports IL-2 independent and IL-4 independent growth of helper T cells. Early studies had indicated that Interleukin 9 and 7 seem to be evolutionary related and Pfam, InterPro and PROSITE entries exist for interleukin 7/interleukin 9 family. However, a recent study has shown that IL-9 is, in fact, much closer to both IL-2 and IL-15, than to IL-7. Moreover, the study showed irreconcilable structural differences between IL-7 and all the remaining cytokines signalling through the
498:(IL-11) is a secreted protein that stimulates megakaryocytopoiesis, initially thought to lead to an increased production of platelets (it has since been shown to be redundant to normal platelet formation), as well as activating osteoclasts, inhibiting epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibiting macrophage mediator production. These functions may be particularly important in mediating the hematopoietic, osseous and mucosal protective effects of interleukin 11.
342:(IL6), also referred to as B-cell stimulatory factor-2 (BSF-2) and interferon beta-2, is a cytokine involved in a wide variety of biological functions. It plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-secreting cells, as well as inducing myeloma/plasmacytoma growth, nerve cell differentiation, and, in hepatocytes, acute-phase reactants.
4486:
566:(IL-15) is a cytokine that possesses a variety of biological functions, including stimulation and maintenance of cellular immune responses. IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes, which requires interaction of IL-15 with IL-15R alpha and components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and IL-2R gamma (common gamma chain, γc), but not IL-2R alpha.
469:(IL-10) is a protein that inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF, and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T cells. In structure, IL-10 is a protein of about 160 amino acids that contains four conserved cysteines involved in disulphide bonds. IL-10 is highly similar to the
303:(IL4) is produced by CD4 T cells specialized in providing help to B cells to proliferate and to undergo class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. Th2 cells, through production of IL-4, have an important function in B-cell responses that involve class switch recombination to the IgG1 and IgE isotypes.
210:
Molecular cloning of the
Interleukin 1 Beta converting enzyme is generated by the proteolytic cleavage of an inactive precursor molecule. A complementary DNA encoding protease that carries out this cleavage has been cloned. Recombinant expression enables cells to process precursor Interleukin 1 Beta
345:
A number of other cytokines may be grouped with IL6 on the basis of sequence similarity. These include granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and myelomonocytic growth factor (MGF). GCSF acts in hematopoiesis by affecting the production, differentiation, and function of two related white cell
324:
differentiation factor (EDF), is a lineage-specific cytokine for eosinophilpoiesis. It regulates eosinophil growth and activation, and thus plays an important role in diseases associated with increased levels of eosinophils, including asthma. IL5 has a similar overall fold to other cytokines (e.g.,
349:
Cytokines of the IL6/GCSF/MGF family are glycoproteins of about 170 to 180 amino acid residues that contain four conserved cysteine residues involved in two disulphide bonds. They have a compact, globular fold (similar to other interleukins), stabilised by the two disulphide bonds. One half of the
285:
IL3 is produced by T lymphocytes and T-cell lymphomas only after stimulation with antigens, mitogens, or chemical activators such as phorbol esters. However, IL3 is constitutively expressed in the myelomonocytic leukaemia cell line WEHI-3B. It is thought that the genetic change of the cell line to
515:(IL-12) is a disulphide-bonded heterodimer consisting of a 35kDa alpha subunit and a 40kDa beta subunit. It is involved in the stimulation and maintenance of Th1 cellular immune responses, including the normal host defence against various intracellular pathogens, such as Leishmania, Toxoplasma,
206:
binding growth factors and the Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitors. The beta-sheets are arranged in 4 similar lobes around a central axis, 8 strands forming an anti-parallel beta-barrel. Several regions, especially the loop between strands 4 and 5, have been implicated in receptor binding.
531:
and role in pathological Th1 responses, such as in inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. Suppression of IL-12 activity in such diseases may have therapeutic benefit. On the other hand, administration of recombinant IL-12 may have therapeutic benefit in conditions associated with
325:
IL2, IL4 and GCSF), but while these exist as monomeric structures, IL5 is a homodimer. The fold contains an anti-parallel 4-alpha-helix bundle with a left handed twist, connected by a 2-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet. The monomers are held together by 2 interchain disulphide bonds.
549:(IL-13) is a pleiotropic cytokine that may be important in the regulation of the inflammatory and immune responses. It inhibits inflammatory cytokine production and synergises with IL-2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. The sequences of IL-4 and IL-13 are distantly related.
146:) "deriving from the fact that many of these proteins are produced by leukocytes and act on leukocytes". The name is something of a relic; it has since been found that interleukins are produced by a wide variety of body cells. The term was coined by Dr Vern Paetkau,
281:
by controlling the production, differentiation and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The protein, which exists in vivo as a monomer, is produced in activated T cells and mast cells, and is activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal signal sequence.
2964:
Dorssers L, Burger H, Bot F, Delwel R, Geurts van Kessel AH, Löwenberg B, Wagemaker G (1987). "Characterization of a human multilineage-colony-stimulating factor cDNA clone identified by a conserved noncoding sequence in mouse interleukin-3".
350:
structure is dominated by a 4-alpha-helix bundle with a left-handed twist; the helices are anti-parallel, with two overhand connections, which fall into a double-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet. The fourth alpha-helix is important to the
431:. Expression and affinity for IL-8 differs between the two receptors (CXCR1 > CXCR2). Through a chain of biochemical reactions, IL-8 is secreted and is an important mediator of the immune reaction in the innate immune system response.
3620:
Modi WS, Dean M, Seuanez HN, Mukaida N, Matsushima K, O'Brien SJ (1990). "Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF/IL-8) resides in a gene cluster along with several other members of the platelet factor 4 gene superfamily".
481:(Equine herpesvirus 2) protein E7. It is also similar, but to a lesser degree, with human protein mda-7. a protein that has antiproliferative properties in human melanoma cells. Mda-7 contains only two of the four cysteines of IL-10.
3245:
Hirano T, Yasukawa K, Harada H, Taga T, Watanabe Y, Matsuda T, Kashiwamura S, Nakajima K, Koyama K, Iwamatsu A (1986). "Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin".
3894:
Jiang H, Lin JJ, Su ZZ, Goldstein NI, Fisher PB (Dec 1995). "Subtraction hybridization identifies a novel melanoma differentiation associated gene, mda-7, modulated during human melanoma differentiation, growth and progression".
2376:
Ben
Menachem-Zidon O, Avital A, Ben-Menahem Y, Goshen I, Kreisel T, Shmueli EM, Segal M, Ben Hur T, Yirmiya R (Jul 2011). "Astrocytes support hippocampal-dependent memory and long-term potentiation via interleukin-1 signaling".
416:. IL-8 is initially produced as a precursor peptide of 99 amino acids which then undergoes cleavage to create several active IL-8 isoforms. In culture, a 72 amino acid peptide is the major form secreted by macrophages.
2528:
Sims JE, March CJ, Cosman D, Widmer MB, MacDonald HR, McMahan CJ, Grubin CE, Wignall JM, Jackson JL, Call SM (Jul 1988). "cDNA expression cloning of the IL-1 receptor, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily".
4106:
Minty A, Chalon P, Derocq JM, Dumont X, Guillemot JC, Kaghad M, Labit C, Leplatois P, Liauzun P, Miloux B (Mar 1993). "Interleukin-13 is a new human lymphokine regulating inflammatory and immune responses".
2748:
Avital A, Goshen I, Kamsler A, Segal M, Iverfeldt K, Richter-Levin G, Yirmiya R (2003). "Impaired interleukin-1 signaling is associated with deficits in hippocampal memory processes and neural plasticity".
1643:
costimulates activation and proliferation of CD8+ T cells, augment NK cytotoxicity, augments CD40-driven B cell proliferation, differentiation and isotype switching, promotes differentiation of Th17 cells
3129:
Milburn MV, Hassell AM, Lambert MH, Jordan SR, Proudfoot AE, Graber P, Wells TN (May 1993). "A novel dimer configuration revealed by the crystal structure at 2.4 A resolution of human interleukin-5".
3716:
Renauld JC, Goethals A, Houssiau F, Merz H, Van Roost E, Van Snick J (Jun 1990). "Human P40/IL-9. Expression in activated CD4+ T cells, genomic organization, and comparison with the mouse gene".
4334:
Unless else specified in boxes, then ref is: Lippincott's
Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English.
3009:
Ymer S, Tucker WQ, Sanderson CJ, Hapel AJ, Campbell HD, Young IG (1985). "Constitutive synthesis of interleukin-3 by leukaemia cell line WEHI-3B is due to retroviral insertion near the gene".
5638:
2713:
Murzin AG, Lesk AM, Chothia C (Jan 1992). "beta-Trefoil fold. Patterns of structure and sequence in the Kunitz inhibitors interleukins-1 beta and 1 alpha and fibroblast growth factors".
4071:
Gately MK, Renzetti LM, Magram J, Stern AS, Adorini L, Gubler U, Presky DH (1998). "The interleukin-12/interleukin-12-receptor system: role in normal and pathologic immune responses".
3364:
Clogston CL, Boone TC, Crandall BC, Mendiaz EA, Lu HS (Jul 1989). "Disulfide structures of human interleukin-6 are similar to those of human granulocyte colony stimulating factor".
3399:
Walter MR, Cook WJ, Zhao BG, Cameron RP, Ealick SE, Walter RL, Reichert P, Nagabhushan TL, Trotta PP, Bugg CE (Oct 1992). "Crystal structure of recombinant human interleukin-4".
5027:
195:) appear to be well conserved in evolution, and map to the same chromosomal location. The receptors can both bind all three forms of IL-1 (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and
256:
T lymphocytes regulate the growth and differentiation of T cells and certain B cells through the release of secreted protein factors. These factors, which include
2804:"Use of a cDNA expression vector for isolation of mouse interleukin 2 cDNA clones: expression of T-cell growth-factor activity after transfection of monkey cells"
346:
groups in the blood. MGF also acts in hematopoiesis, stimulating proliferation and colony formation of normal and transformed avian cells of the myeloid lineage.
3993:
Zhang C, Zhang J, Niu J, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Tian Z (Aug 2008). "Interleukin-12 improves cytotoxicity of natural killer cells via upregulated expression of NKG2D".
5631:
751:
to treat cancer or suppressed for transplant patients. Has also been used in clinical trials (ESPIRIT. Stalwart) to raise CD4 counts in HIV positive patients.
2926:
Mott HR, Driscoll PC, Boyd J, Cooke RM, Weir MP, Campbell ID (Aug 1992). "Secondary structure of human interleukin 2 from 3D heteronuclear NMR experiments".
119:(lymphocyte activating factor, mitogenic protein, T-cell replacing factor III, B-cell activating factor, B-cell differentiation factor, and "Heidikine") and
218:. Research indicates that mice with a genetic deletion of the type I IL-1 receptor display markedly impaired hippocampal-dependent memory functioning and
4200:
Arena A, Merendino RA, Bonina L, Iannello D, Stassi G, Mastroeni P (Apr 2000). "Role of IL-15 on monocytic resistance to human herpesvirus 6 infection".
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6826:
6786:
4347:
2472:
1309:
1231:
3477:
Hedges JC, Singer CA, Gerthoffer WT (2000). "Mitogen-activated protein kinases regulate cytokine gene expression in human airway myocytes".
6855:
928:
4443:"Biological activity of IL-4 and IL-13 on human endothelial cells: functional evidence that both cytokines act through the same receptor"
3304:"Evidence for the importance of a positive charge and an alpha-helical structure of the C-terminus for biological activity of human IL-6"
4523:
3759:
Boulay JL, Paul WE (September 1993). "Hematopoietin sub-family classification based on size, gene organization and sequence homology".
1098:
differentiation and proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells, involved in B, T, and NK cell survival, development, and homeostasis, ↑
6760:
3977:
202:
The crystal structures of IL1A and IL1B have been solved, showing them to share the same 12-stranded beta-sheet structure as both the
3065:"Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the gene encoding human eosinophil differentiation factor (interleukin 5)"
5708:
5389:
4339:
3524:"Endothelial cell "memory" of inflammatory stimulation: human venular endothelial cells store interleukin 8 in Weibel-Palade bodies"
2101:
1443:
196:
238:
containing the interleukin-1 receptors, the mice exhibit normal hippocampal-dependent memory function, and partial restoration of
115:
The name "interleukin" was chosen in 1979, to replace the various different names used by different research groups to designate
3855:"Crystal structure of interleukin-10 reveals the functional dimer with an unexpected topological similarity to interferon gamma"
4919:
3185:"Human interleukin-5 expressed in Escherichia coli: assignment of the disulfide bridges of the purified unglycosylated protein"
642:
192:
638:
523:
188:
2613:
McMahan CJ, Slack JL, Mosley B, Cosman D, Lupton SD, Brunton LL, Grubin CE, Wignall JM, Jenkins NA, Brannan CI (Oct 1991).
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4696:
1123:
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1127:
428:
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419:
There are many receptors on the surface membrane capable of binding IL-8; the most frequently studied types are the
5565:
5367:
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5521:
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371:(IL-7) is a cytokine that serves as a growth factor for early lymphoid cells of both B- and T-cell lineages.
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239:
219:
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147:
3573:"Rapid secretion of prestored interleukin 8 from Weibel-Palade bodies of microvascular endothelial cells"
3063:
Campbell HD, Tucker WQ, Hort Y, Martinson ME, Mayo G, Clutterbuck EJ, Sanderson CJ, Young IG (Oct 1987).
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2864:
Cerretti DP, McKereghan K, Larsen A, Cantrell MA, Anderson D, Gillis S, Cosman D, Baker PE (May 1986).
2154:
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4422:
2574:"Cloning and characterization of an alternatively processed human type II interleukin-1 receptor mRNA"
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mononuclear phagocytes (and some other cells), especially macrophages following infection by virus(es)
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2615:"A novel IL-1 receptor, cloned from B cells by mammalian expression, is expressed in many cell types"
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Reche PA (February 2019). "The tertiary structure of γc cytokines dictates receptor sharing".
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475:(Epstein-Barr virus) BCRF1 protein, which inhibits the synthesis of gamma-interferon and to
394:
123:(TSF, etc.). This decision was taken during the Second International Lymphokine Workshop in
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4160:"Interleukin-13 as an important cytokine: A review on its roles in some human diseases"
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3669:"The role of interleukin-8 and its receptors in gliomagenesis and tumoral angiogenesis"
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2489:"Revised nomenclature for antigen-nonspecific T cell proliferation and helper factors"
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Zdanov A, Schalk-Hihi C, Gustchina A, Tsang M, Weatherbee J, Wlodawer A (Jun 1995).
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constitutive production of IL3 is the key event in development of this leukaemia.
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Henney CS (May 1989). "Interleukin 7: effects on early events in lymphopoiesis".
2322:"Evolutionary divergence and functions of the human interleukin (IL) gene family"
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seem to be spared. However, when mice with this genetic deletion have wild-type
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Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2870:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2808:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2668:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
527:(HIV). IL-12 also has an important role in enhancing the cytotoxic function of
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are also known to be involved in the development of spatial memories in mice.
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2573:
2338:
6063:
6053:
6043:
5916:
4551:
4501:
4178:
4028:
Park AY, Scott P (Jun 2001). "Il-12: keeping cell-mediated immunity alive".
3089:
2890:
2680:
2550:
1782:
1765:
1552:
1413:
1254:
1213:
1189:
919:
838:
813:
766:
629:
386:
77:
4314:
4257:
4213:
4186:
4049:
4014:
3831:
3788:
3702:
3588:
3539:
3508:
2780:
2420:
di
Giovine FS, Duff GW (Jan 1990). "Interleukin 1: the first interleukin".
2398:
2357:
4485:
4468:
4136:
4092:
3949:
3908:
3880:
3737:
3642:
3606:
3557:
3463:
3420:
3412:
3385:
3337:
3275:
3218:
3158:
3108:
3038:
2986:
2947:
2909:
2847:
2734:
2699:
2648:
2599:
2558:
2441:
6897:
5703:
5541:
4536:
2828:
2455:
Schindler R, Dinarello CA (1990). "Interleukin 1". In
Habenicht A (ed.).
2003:
1966:
1833:
1747:
1692:
1409:
1396:
1392:
1378:
1374:
1289:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1205:
1201:
1156:
1013:
970:
915:
871:
826:
747:
stimulates growth and differentiation of T cell response. Can be used in
38:
34:
3302:
Lütticken C, Krüttgen A, Möller C, Heinrich PC, Rose-John S (May 1991).
2939:
2514:
6822:
6305:
4248:
4231:
3634:
2772:
2664:"Crystallographic refinement of interleukin 1 beta at 2.0 A resolution"
1934:
797:
differentiation and proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells to e.g.
528:
406:
203:
4441:
Kotowicz K, Callard RE, Friedrich K, Matthews DJ, Klein N (Dec 1996).
2572:
Liu C, Hart RP, Liu XJ, Clevenger W, Maki RA, De Souza EB (Aug 1996).
2320:
Brocker C, Thompson D, Matsumoto A, Nebert DW, Vasiliou V (Oct 2010).
6437:
5419:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5009:
4814:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4768:
4763:
4128:
3267:
3150:
3030:
2080:
1971:
1829:
1778:
1536:
1532:
1465:
1431:
1363:
1344:
1340:
1221:
1171:
1167:
1031:
997:
974:
947:
932:
883:
857:
787:
730:
726:
657:
625:
64:
deficiencies of a number of them have been described, all featuring
3571:
Utgaard JO, Jahnsen FL, Bakka A, Brandtzaeg P, Haraldsen G (1998).
6744:
6740:
6736:
6355:
6351:
6335:
5455:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5331:
5321:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
4914:
4909:
4899:
4884:
4879:
4758:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4701:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4158:
Seyfizadeh N, Seyfizadeh N, Gharibi T, Babaloo Z (December 2015).
2802:
Yokota T, Arai N, Lee F, Rennick D, Mosmann T, Arai K (Jan 1985).
2011:
1954:
1914:
1672:
1668:
851:
783:
720:
716:
712:
695:
88:
cells. They promote the development and differentiation of T and
6893:
5379:
5326:
4894:
4835:
4830:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4571:
4566:
2090:
International nonproprietary names for analogues and derivatives
1983:
1854:
1796:
1768:
by influencing cell survival, inflammatory cytokine expression.
863:
413:
181:
177:
5620:
4505:
222:, although memories that do not depend on the integrity of the
157:, lymphocyte-produced cytokines that mediate immune responses.
6812:
3662:
3660:
3183:
Proudfoot AE, Davies JG, Turcatti G, Wingfield PT (May 1991).
1726:
1513:
1505:
1435:
953:
875:
4496:
3928:
2866:"Cloning, sequence, and expression of bovine interleukin 2"
1667:
Production of defensins from epithelial cells. Activates
4232:"IL-17: prototype member of an emerging cytokine family"
1502:
lymphocytes, epithelial cells, eosinophils, CD8+ T cells
53:
encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins.
6892:
This article incorporates text from the public domain
2457:
Growth Factors, Differentiation Factors, and Cytokines
4330:
4328:
4326:
4324:
452:
receptor ( IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21).
397:, airway smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.
4497:
Cytokines & Cells Online Pathfinder Encyclopedia
4362:"Cytokines - Master Regulators of the Immune System"
6796:
6776:
6769:
6720:
6699:
6678:
6638:
6617:
6561:
6529:
6488:
6446:
6400:
6319:
6293:
6237:
6196:
6170:
6144:
6113:
6093:
6072:
5991:
5930:
5874:
5828:
5752:
5657:
5511:
5469:
5438:
5366:
5340:
5247:
5238:
5179:
5170:
5135:
5098:
5036:
5008:
4962:
4947:
4938:
4848:
4823:
4807:
4710:
4559:
4550:
4543:
4279:Tesmer LA, Lundy SK, Sarkar S, Fox DA (June 2008).
49:(leukocytes) as well as some other body cells. The
72:. The majority of interleukins are synthesized by
3972:(7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders.
2459:. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 85–102.
1721:Maintenance of IL-17 producing cells, increases
1619:regulates proliferation and differentiation of
4225:
4223:
3522:Wolff B, Burns AR, Middleton J, Rot A (1998).
3359:
3357:
3355:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3178:
3176:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3058:
3056:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2959:
2957:
2921:
2919:
2859:
2857:
2662:Priestle JP, Schär HP, Grütter MG (Dec 1989).
2371:
2369:
2367:
5632:
4517:
4167:Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
3963:
3961:
3959:
2002:Induces monocytes and macrophages to secrete
8:
4423:Cytokine tutorial, The University of Arizona
905:(VCAM-1) promoting adhesion of lymphocytes.
176:Interleukin 1 alpha and interleukin 1 beta (
4418:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4408:
234:and these cells are allowed to mature into
6773:
5639:
5625:
5617:
5244:
5176:
4959:
4944:
4556:
4547:
4524:
4510:
4502:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4388:
2093:
401:store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the
4458:
4304:
4247:
3939:
3870:
3692:
3667:Brat DJ, Bellail AC, Van Meir EG (2005).
3596:
3547:
3490:
3327:
3208:
3098:
3088:
2899:
2889:
2837:
2827:
2762:
2689:
2679:
2638:
2589:
2504:
2347:
2337:
1464:controls the growth and proliferation of
1430:Stimulates growth and differentiation of
6804:Interleukin 14 (taxilin alpha, HMW-BCGF)
3968:Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S (2012).
2058:Suppression of T helper cell activation
1446:(e.g. IL-1, IL-6), ↓ IL-8, IL-10, IL-12
590:
3366:Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
2312:
1913:Plays a role in immune defense against
214:Interleukin 1 also plays a role in the
60:primarily depends on interleukins, and
6102:See CXCR1 (IL-8Rα) and CXCR2 (IL-8Rβ)
4230:Aggarwal S, Gurney AL (January 2002).
1933:Plays a role in host defenses against
142:) "as a means of communication", and (
1609:Activated keratinocytes and monocytes
1456:T cells and certain malignant B cells
45:) that are expressed and secreted by
7:
153:Some interleukins are classified as
3401:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2578:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1632:activated T helper cells, NKT cells
1159:, specifically by CD4+ helper cells
862:proliferation and differentiation,
277:(IL3) is a cytokine that regulates
4030:Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
2631:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07831.x
211:to the mature form of the enzyme.
25:
4360:Alaverdi N, Sehy D (2007-05-01).
3970:Cellular and molecular immunology
1444:macrophage inflammatory cytokines
4484:
4297:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00628.x
4085:10.1146/annurev.immunol.16.1.495
4042:10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.00917.x
1640:All lymphocytes, dendritic cells
405:. In humans, the interleukin-8
6630:Interleukin 27 (interleukin 30)
1853:and cell surface expression of
1427:Th2 cells, B cells, macrophages
1541:epithelium, endothelium, other
662:maturation and proliferation
524:Human immunodeficiency virus 1
1:
4367:. eBioscience. Archived from
4281:"Th17 cells in human disease"
3941:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00017-4
3872:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00193-9
3479:Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol
2379:Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
870:synthesis. Important role in
393:and other cell types such as
4236:Journal of Leukocyte Biology
4007:10.1016/j.humimm.2008.06.004
3781:10.1016/0960-9822(93)90002-6
3730:10.4049/jimmunol.144.11.4235
3456:10.1016/0167-5699(89)90175-8
3378:10.1016/0003-9861(89)90205-1
3329:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80491-K
3210:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80553-F
2979:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90254-X
2727:10.1016/0022-2836(92)90668-A
2715:Journal of Molecular Biology
2434:10.1016/0167-5699(90)90005-t
1675:and increases production of
532:pathological Th2 responses.
5980:Antisense oligonucleotides:
4073:Annual Review of Immunology
2506:10.4049/jimmunol.123.6.2928
2465:10.1007/978-3-642-74856-1_7
6937:
6891:
3922:Leng SX, Elias JA (1997).
3824:10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.007
1886:Regulates the activity of
1793:, mucosal epithelial cells
1486:T cells, activated B cells
573:
556:
539:
505:
488:
459:
438:
378:
361:
332:
310:
293:
267:
249:
169:
5487:Colony-stimulating factor
3685:10.1215/s1152851704001061
2391:10.1016/j.bbi.2010.11.007
1760:Plays important roles in
1352:
1335:
1330:
1226:
1200:
1195:
1063:Bone marrow stromal cells
986:
965:
960:
927:
914:
909:
846:
825:
820:
782:
760:
755:
637:
620:
615:
602:
599:
596:
593:
99:Interleukin receptors on
5522:proinflammatory cytokine
4460:10.1093/intimm/8.12.1915
3501:10.1165/ajrcmb.23.1.4014
2591:10.1074/jbc.271.34.20965
2339:10.1186/1479-7364-5-1-30
1685:Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin
1468:, inhibits Ig secretion
1022:hematopoietic stem cells
793:hematopoietic stem cells
197:IL-1 receptor antagonist
74:CD4 helper T-lymphocytes
6670:Interleukin-29 (IFN-λ1)
5815:Daclizumab (dacliximab)
5800:Tucotuzumab celmoleukin
4179:10.1556/030.62.2015.4.2
3090:10.1073/pnas.84.19.6629
2891:10.1073/pnas.83.10.3223
2681:10.1073/pnas.86.24.9667
2551:10.1126/science.2969618
2499:(6): 2928–9. Dec 1979.
2179:tucotuzumab celmoleukin
1803:Induces the production
1510:CD4+ T cells (Th-cells)
898:increase expression of
829:, just activated naive
694:, large amounts induce
690:, small amounts induce
6651:Interferon λ4 (IFN-λ4)
5744:Rilonacept (IL-1 Trap)
4653:/PARC/DCCK1/AMAC1/MIP4
4202:The New Microbiologica
3589:10.1084/jem.188.9.1751
3540:10.1084/jem.188.9.1757
2293:interleukin-18 (IL-18)
2280:interleukin-13 (IL-13)
2267:interleukin-12 (IL-12)
2254:interleukin-11 (IL-11)
2241:interleukin-10 (IL-10)
2135:interleukin-1β (IL-1β)
2122:interleukin-1α (IL-1α)
1845:Enhances secretion of
1575:Induces production of
1489:Induces production of
1442:and the production of
240:long-term potentiation
228:neural precursor cells
220:long-term potentiation
216:central nervous system
148:University of Victoria
6574:Interleukin 23 (SGRF)
6255:Cintredekin besudotox
6183:Interleukin 11 (AGIF)
6162:Interleukin 10 (CSIF)
4285:Immunological Reviews
3718:Journal of Immunology
2493:Journal of Immunology
2287:cintredekin besudotox
1579:, ↑ NK cell activity
1551:, ↑ pro-inflammatory
1369:differentiation into
1272:cytokine production (
1002:differentiation into
423:serpentine receptors
320:(IL5), also known as
187:Both IL-1 receptors (
76:, as well as through
33:(ILs) are a group of
5648:Interleukin receptor
4493:at Wikimedia Commons
2829:10.1073/pnas.82.1.68
2228:interleukin-8 (IL-8)
2215:interleukin-6 (IL-6)
2202:interleukin-4 (IL-4)
2185:interleukin-3 (IL-3)
2148:interleukin-2 (IL-2)
2112:interleukin-1 (IL-1)
2100:Pharmaceutical form
2097:Endogenous form name
1764:, wound healing and
1729:T-cell infiltration
1677:acute phase proteins
1491:Natural killer cells
1241:cytokine production
1067:thymus stromal cells
1039:acute phase reaction
692:acute phase reaction
403:Weibel-Palade bodies
230:injected into their
56:The function of the
5780:Denileukin diftitox
5218:Interferon type III
4121:1993Natur.362..248M
3773:1993CBio....3..573B
3413:10.2210/pdb2int/pdb
3320:1991FEBSL.282..265L
3260:1986Natur.324...73H
3201:1991FEBSL.283...61P
3143:1993Natur.363..172M
3081:1987PNAS...84.6629C
3023:1985Natur.317..255Y
2940:10.1021/bi00148a040
2882:1986PNAS...83.3223C
2820:1985PNAS...82...68Y
2543:1988Sci...241..585S
2167:denileukin diftitox
1978:May play a role in
1953:Forms one chain of
1572:Th1 cells, NK cells
1320:acute phase protein
1120:, endothelial cells
478:Equid herpesvirus 2
472:Human herpesvirus 4
385:Interleukin 8 is a
352:biological activity
127:(27–31 May 1979 in
66:autoimmune diseases
6352:E (interleukin 25)
4428:2008-02-02 at the
4249:10.1189/jlb.71.1.1
3635:10.1007/BF00208938
2773:10.1002/hipo.10135
2050:regulatory T cells
1815:, which stimulate
1545:osteoclastogenesis
1516:+ chemoattractant
1315:bone marrow stroma
1305:bone marrow stroma
409:is encoded by the
27:Group of cytokines
6889:
6888:
6885:
6884:
6854:(signals through
6835:(signals through
6821:(signals through
6811:(signals through
6435:Binding proteins:
5765:Adargileukin alfa
5614:
5613:
5507:
5506:
5465:
5464:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5166:
5165:
4844:
4843:
4489:Media related to
4348:978-0-7817-9543-2
2474:978-3-642-74856-1
2305:
2304:
2155:adargileukin alfa
2087:
2086:
1762:tumor suppression
1655:T helper 17 cells
1527:T helper 17 cells
1461:activated B cells
1371:Cytotoxic T cells
952:differentiation,
903:adhesion molecule
835:memory CD4+ cells
421:G protein-coupled
399:Endothelial cells
354:of the molecule.
70:immune deficiency
47:white blood cells
16:(Redirected from
6928:
6877:Efineptakin alfa
6872:Efavaleukin alfa
6774:
5741:Decoy receptors:
5641:
5634:
5627:
5618:
5245:
5177:
4960:
4945:
4557:
4548:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4503:
4488:
4473:
4472:
4462:
4438:
4432:
4420:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4373:
4366:
4357:
4351:
4332:
4319:
4318:
4308:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4251:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4164:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4129:10.1038/362248a0
4115:(6417): 248–50.
4103:
4097:
4096:
4068:
4062:
4061:
4025:
4019:
4018:
3995:Human Immunology
3990:
3984:
3983:
3965:
3954:
3953:
3943:
3934:(8–9): 1059–62.
3924:"Interleukin-11"
3919:
3913:
3912:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3874:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3696:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3600:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3551:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3494:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3444:Immunology Today
3439:
3433:
3432:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3361:
3350:
3349:
3331:
3299:
3288:
3287:
3268:10.1038/324073a0
3242:
3231:
3230:
3212:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3151:10.1038/363172a0
3126:
3113:
3112:
3102:
3092:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3031:10.1038/317255a0
3006:
2991:
2990:
2961:
2952:
2951:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2903:
2893:
2861:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2831:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2766:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2693:
2683:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2642:
2619:The EMBO Journal
2610:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2584:(34): 20965–72.
2569:
2563:
2562:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2508:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2422:Immunology Today
2417:
2411:
2410:
2373:
2362:
2361:
2351:
2341:
2317:
2094:
2024:epithelial cells
1859:epithelial cells
1118:epithelial cells
1026:differentiation
743:oligodendrocytes
652:co-stimulation
591:
395:epithelial cells
111:History and name
43:signal molecules
21:
6936:
6935:
6931:
6930:
6929:
6927:
6926:
6925:
6906:
6905:
6904:
6890:
6881:
6792:
6765:
6716:
6695:
6674:
6634:
6613:
6557:
6554:(against IL-22)
6525:
6484:
6481:(against IL-20)
6442:
6396:
6315:
6289:
6233:
6192:
6166:
6140:
6109:
6089:
6068:
5987:
5926:
5870:
5824:
5748:
5653:
5645:
5615:
5610:
5576:
5555:
5513:
5503:
5461:
5434:
5354:
5336:
5234:
5162:
5131:
5094:
5032:
5004:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4934:
4840:
4819:
4803:
4706:
4539:
4530:
4481:
4476:
4453:(12): 1915–25.
4440:
4439:
4435:
4430:Wayback Machine
4421:
4386:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4364:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4333:
4322:
4278:
4277:
4273:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4162:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4027:
4026:
4022:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3980:
3967:
3966:
3957:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3903:(12): 2477–86.
3893:
3892:
3888:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3761:Current Biology
3758:
3757:
3753:
3724:(11): 4235–41.
3715:
3714:
3710:
3666:
3665:
3658:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3521:
3520:
3516:
3492:10.1.1.326.6212
3476:
3475:
3471:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3407:(28): 20371–6.
3398:
3397:
3393:
3363:
3362:
3353:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3244:
3243:
3234:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3137:(6425): 172–6.
3128:
3127:
3116:
3075:(19): 6629–33.
3062:
3061:
3054:
3017:(6034): 255–8.
3008:
3007:
2994:
2963:
2962:
2955:
2925:
2924:
2917:
2863:
2862:
2855:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2764:10.1.1.513.8947
2747:
2746:
2742:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2674:(24): 9667–71.
2661:
2660:
2656:
2625:(10): 2821–32.
2612:
2611:
2607:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2537:(4865): 585–9.
2527:
2526:
2522:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2375:
2374:
2365:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2092:
2038:type 2 cytokine
1875:dendritic cells
1710:dendritic cells
1681:serum amyloid A
1337:dendritic cells
1100:proinflammatory
1047:differentiation
634:dendritic cells
589:
578:
572:
561:
555:
544:
538:
510:
504:
493:
487:
464:
458:
443:
437:
383:
377:
366:
360:
337:
331:
315:
309:
298:
292:
272:
266:
254:
248:
174:
168:
163:
161:Common families
113:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6934:
6932:
6924:
6923:
6918:
6908:
6907:
6887:
6886:
6883:
6882:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6865:
6864:
6862:Interleukin 35
6859:
6852:Interleukin 34
6849:
6847:Interleukin 32
6844:
6833:Interleukin 26
6830:
6819:Interleukin 24
6816:
6809:Interleukin 16
6806:
6800:
6798:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6790:
6782:
6780:
6771:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6763:
6754:
6753:
6751:Interleukin 38
6748:
6733:Interleukin 36
6726:
6724:
6718:
6717:
6715:
6714:
6712:Interleukin 33
6705:
6703:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6693:
6691:Interleukin 31
6684:
6682:
6676:
6675:
6673:
6672:
6667:
6656:Interleukin 28
6653:
6644:
6642:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6632:
6623:
6621:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6577:
6576:
6567:
6565:
6559:
6558:
6556:
6555:
6545:
6544:
6542:Interleukin 22
6535:
6533:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6518:
6509:
6508:
6506:Interleukin 21
6503:
6494:
6492:
6486:
6485:
6483:
6482:
6472:
6471:
6469:Interleukin 24
6466:
6464:Interleukin 20
6461:
6459:Interleukin 19
6452:
6450:
6444:
6443:
6441:
6440:
6431:
6430:
6425:
6423:Interleukin 37
6420:
6418:Interleukin 18
6415:
6406:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6394:
6389:
6384:
6379:
6374:
6369:
6360:
6359:
6332:Interleukin 17
6325:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6313:
6311:Interleukin 15
6308:
6299:
6297:
6291:
6290:
6288:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6268:
6267:
6265:Interleukin 13
6262:
6257:
6252:
6243:
6241:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6217:
6216:
6214:Interleukin 12
6211:
6202:
6200:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6185:
6176:
6174:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6150:
6148:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6129:
6128:
6119:
6117:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6107:
6099:
6097:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6078:
6076:
6070:
6069:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6012:
6011:
6006:
5997:
5995:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5985:
5976:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5956:
5955:
5946:
5945:
5936:
5934:
5928:
5927:
5925:
5924:
5919:
5910:
5909:
5900:
5899:
5897:Interleukin 13
5894:
5889:
5880:
5878:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5866:Promegapoietin
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5834:
5832:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5790:Pegaldesleukin
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5758:
5756:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5746:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5692:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5636:
5629:
5621:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5606:
5605:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5574:
5570:
5569:
5568:
5563:
5553:
5544:
5538:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5517:
5515:
5509:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5484:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5460:
5459:
5444:
5442:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5372:
5370:
5368:Ig superfamily
5364:
5363:
5360:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5346:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5185:
5183:
5174:
5168:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5108:
5106:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5043:
5041:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5014:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4978:
4968:
4966:
4957:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4876:
4875:
4870:
4860:
4854:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4587:
4581:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4554:
4545:
4541:
4540:
4533:Cell signaling
4531:
4529:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4480:
4479:External links
4477:
4475:
4474:
4433:
4384:
4352:
4320:
4271:
4219:
4192:
4150:
4098:
4063:
4020:
4001:(8): 490–500.
3985:
3979:978-1437715286
3978:
3955:
3914:
3886:
3865:(6): 591–601.
3845:
3802:
3751:
3708:
3679:(2): 122–133.
3673:Neuro-Oncology
3656:
3612:
3563:
3534:(9): 1757–62.
3514:
3469:
3434:
3391:
3351:
3289:
3254:(6092): 73–6.
3232:
3172:
3114:
3052:
2992:
2953:
2934:(33): 7741–4.
2915:
2876:(10): 3223–7.
2853:
2794:
2740:
2705:
2654:
2605:
2564:
2520:
2480:
2473:
2447:
2412:
2385:(5): 1008–16.
2363:
2326:Human Genomics
2311:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2171:pegaldesleukin
2152:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2034:helper T cells
2030:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1758:
1756:
1751:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1570:
1568:CDw218a/IL18R1
1565:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1542:
1539:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1367:
1360:
1351:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1232:CDW210B/IL10RB
1225:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1174:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1141:
1131:
1121:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1035:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1000:
994:
985:
964:
958:
957:
950:
944:
943:
940:
935:
926:
913:
907:
906:
896:
890:
889:
888:proliferation
886:
880:
879:
860:
854:
845:
824:
818:
817:
810:
806:
805:
795:
790:
781:
763:T helper cells
759:
753:
752:
745:
723:
710:
705:
699:
698:
685:
674:
673:
670:
664:
663:
660:
654:
653:
650:
648:T helper cells
645:
636:
619:
613:
612:
609:
605:
604:
601:
598:
595:
588:
585:
581:Interleukin 17
576:Interleukin 17
574:Main article:
571:
570:Interleukin 17
568:
564:Interleukin 15
559:Interleukin 15
557:Main article:
554:
553:Interleukin 15
551:
547:Interleukin 13
542:Interleukin 13
540:Main article:
537:
536:Interleukin 13
534:
513:Interleukin 12
508:Interleukin 12
506:Main article:
503:
502:Interleukin 12
500:
496:Interleukin 11
491:Interleukin 11
489:Main article:
486:
485:Interleukin 11
483:
467:Interleukin 10
462:Interleukin 10
460:Main article:
457:
456:Interleukin 10
454:
439:Main article:
436:
433:
379:Main article:
376:
373:
362:Main article:
359:
356:
333:Main article:
330:
327:
311:Main article:
308:
305:
294:Main article:
291:
288:
268:Main article:
265:
262:
250:Main article:
247:
244:
170:Main article:
167:
164:
162:
159:
138:derives from (
112:
109:
26:
24:
18:Interleukin 1β
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6933:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6903:
6899:
6895:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6863:
6860:
6857:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6842:
6838:
6834:
6831:
6828:
6824:
6820:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6788:
6784:
6783:
6781:
6779:
6775:
6772:
6768:
6762:
6759:
6756:
6755:
6752:
6749:
6746:
6742:
6738:
6734:
6731:
6728:
6727:
6725:
6723:
6719:
6713:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6702:
6698:
6692:
6689:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6677:
6671:
6668:
6665:
6661:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6641:
6637:
6631:
6628:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6616:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6604:Tildrakizumab
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6579:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6564:
6560:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6546:
6543:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6491:
6487:
6480:
6477:
6474:
6473:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6449:
6445:
6439:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6405:
6403:
6399:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6333:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6296:
6292:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6260:Interleukin 4
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6245:
6244:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6209:Edodekin alfa
6207:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6199:
6195:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6173:
6169:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6147:
6143:
6137:
6134:
6131:
6130:
6127:
6126:Interleukin 9
6124:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6105:
6101:
6100:
6098:
6096:
6092:
6086:
6085:Interleukin 7
6083:
6080:
6079:
6077:
6075:
6071:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6009:Interleukin 6
6007:
6005:
6004:Atexakin alfa
6002:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5990:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5944:
5943:Interleukin 5
5941:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5933:
5929:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5908:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5892:Interleukin 4
5890:
5888:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5877:
5873:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5846:Interleukin 3
5844:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5785:Interleukin 2
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5755:
5751:
5745:
5742:
5739:
5738:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5718:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5679:
5675:
5671:
5670:Interleukin 1
5668:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5649:
5642:
5637:
5635:
5630:
5628:
5623:
5622:
5619:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5578:
5571:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5557:
5550:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5510:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5477:Hematopoietic
5475:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5369:
5365:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5134:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5069:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5040:
5035:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4885:TNFSF5/CD40LG
4883:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4806:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4527:
4522:
4520:
4515:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4374:on 2006-03-15
4370:
4363:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4341:
4340:0-7817-9543-5
4337:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4259:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4215:
4211:
4208:(2): 105–12.
4207:
4203:
4196:
4193:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4173:(4): 341–78.
4172:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4151:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4102:
4099:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4067:
4064:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4036:(6): 529–32.
4035:
4031:
4024:
4021:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3996:
3989:
3986:
3981:
3975:
3971:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3951:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3918:
3915:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3890:
3887:
3882:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3849:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3806:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3767:(9): 573–81.
3766:
3762:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3712:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3616:
3613:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3583:(9): 1751–6.
3582:
3578:
3574:
3567:
3564:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3518:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3435:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3372:(1): 144–51.
3371:
3367:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3241:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2973:(1): 115–24.
2972:
2968:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2911:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2757:(7): 826–34.
2756:
2752:
2744:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2721:(2): 531–43.
2720:
2716:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2658:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2568:
2565:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:edodekin alfa
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2222:atexakin alfa
2220:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2089:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1892:T lymphocytes
1889:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1744:keratinocytes
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1621:keratinocytes
1618:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1533:CDw217/IL17RA
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:with IL-2, ↑
1372:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1354:CD212/IL12RB1
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1191:
1188:, stimulates
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1140:, lymphocytes
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1112:macrophages,
1111:
1109:
1108:IL-8 or CXCL8
1106:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:hematopoiesis
1040:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1001:
999:
995:
993:
989:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
963:
959:
955:
951:
949:
946:
945:
941:
939:
936:
934:
930:
925:
921:
917:
912:
908:
904:
901:
900:vascular cell
897:
895:
892:
891:
887:
885:
882:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
859:
855:
853:
849:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
808:
807:
804:
800:
796:
794:
791:
789:
785:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
758:
754:
750:
749:immunotherapy
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
722:
718:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
697:
693:
689:
686:
683:
679:
676:
675:
671:
669:
666:
665:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
649:
646:
644:
640:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
614:
610:
607:
606:
592:
586:
584:
582:
577:
569:
567:
565:
560:
552:
550:
548:
543:
535:
533:
530:
526:
525:
520:
519:
518:Measles virus
514:
509:
501:
499:
497:
492:
484:
482:
480:
479:
474:
473:
468:
463:
455:
453:
451:
447:
446:Interleukin 9
442:
441:Interleukin 9
435:Interleukin 9
434:
432:
430:
426:
422:
417:
415:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
382:
381:Interleukin 8
375:Interleukin 8
374:
372:
370:
369:Interleukin 7
365:
364:Interleukin 7
358:Interleukin 7
357:
355:
353:
347:
343:
341:
340:Interleukin 6
336:
335:Interleukin 6
329:Interleukin 6
328:
326:
323:
319:
318:Interleukin 5
314:
313:Interleukin 5
307:Interleukin 5
306:
304:
302:
301:Interleukin 4
297:
296:Interleukin 4
290:Interleukin 4
289:
287:
283:
280:
279:hematopoiesis
276:
275:Interleukin 3
271:
270:Interleukin 3
264:Interleukin 3
263:
261:
259:
258:interleukin 2
253:
252:Interleukin 2
246:Interleukin 2
245:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
212:
208:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
185:
183:
179:
173:
172:Interleukin 1
166:Interleukin 1
165:
160:
158:
156:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
130:
126:
122:
121:interleukin 2
118:
117:interleukin 1
110:
108:
106:
102:
97:
95:
94:hematopoietic
91:
90:B lymphocytes
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:immune system
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
6921:Interleukins
6868:
6856:M-CSFR/CSF1R
6843:heterodimer)
6829:heterodimer)
6758:Antagonists:
6757:
6729:
6708:
6687:
6647:
6626:
6599:Risankizumab
6580:
6570:
6548:
6538:
6521:NNC0114-0006
6516:NNC0114-0005
6512:
6497:
6475:
6455:
6434:
6409:
6363:
6328:
6302:
6285:Tralokinumab
6280:Lebrikizumab
6275:Anrukinzumab
6271:
6246:
6220:
6205:
6179:
6153:
6132:
6122:
6081:
6024:Clazakizumab
6015:
6000:
5979:
5963:Benralizumab
5959:
5950:Antagonists:
5949:
5939:
5922:Pascolizumab
5913:
5904:Antagonists:
5903:
5883:
5837:
5806:
5761:
5740:
5720:
5696:Antagonists:
5695:
5666:
5572:
5551:
5520:
5512:By function/
5223:IL28/IFNL2+3
4939:
4491:Interleukins
4450:
4446:
4436:
4376:. Retrieved
4369:the original
4355:
4288:
4284:
4274:
4239:
4235:
4205:
4201:
4195:
4170:
4166:
4153:
4112:
4108:
4101:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4033:
4029:
4023:
3998:
3994:
3988:
3969:
3931:
3927:
3917:
3900:
3896:
3889:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3815:
3811:
3805:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3721:
3717:
3711:
3676:
3672:
3629:(2): 185–7.
3626:
3622:
3615:
3580:
3576:
3566:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3485:(1): 86–94.
3482:
3478:
3472:
3450:(5): 170–3.
3447:
3443:
3437:
3404:
3400:
3394:
3369:
3365:
3314:(2): 265–7.
3311:
3308:FEBS Letters
3307:
3251:
3247:
3192:
3189:FEBS Letters
3188:
3134:
3130:
3072:
3068:
3014:
3010:
2970:
2966:
2931:
2928:Biochemistry
2927:
2873:
2869:
2814:(1): 68–72.
2811:
2807:
2797:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2671:
2667:
2657:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2534:
2530:
2523:
2496:
2492:
2483:
2456:
2450:
2428:(1): 13–20.
2425:
2421:
2415:
2382:
2378:
2332:(1): 30–55.
2329:
2325:
2315:
1980:inflammation
1888:B lymphocyte
1725:but reduces
1723:angiogenesis
1549:angiogenesis
1438:), inhibits
1322:production,
1294:Stimulation
1249:activation
1228:CD210/IL10RA
1210:CD8+ T cells
1176:Potentiates
1051:inflammation
1010:plasma cells
1004:plasma cells
803:granulocytes
799:erythrocytes
688:inflammation
643:CD121b/IL1R2
639:CD121a/IL1R1
579:
562:
545:
522:
516:
511:
494:
476:
470:
465:
444:
418:
410:
389:produced by
384:
367:
348:
344:
338:
316:
299:
284:
273:
255:
213:
209:
201:
193:CD121b/IL1R2
189:CD121a/IL1R1
186:
175:
152:
143:
139:
135:
133:
114:
98:
55:
51:human genome
31:Interleukins
30:
29:
6609:Ustekinumab
6589:Briakinumab
6581:Antibodies:
6552:Fezakinumab
6549:Antibodies:
6513:Antibodies:
6501:Denenicokin
6476:Antibodies:
6413:Iboctadekin
6392:Vunakizumab
6387:Secukinumab
6377:Perakizumab
6364:Antibodies:
6272:Antibodies:
6229:Ustekinumab
6224:Briakinumab
6221:Antibodies:
6133:Antibodies:
6059:Tocilizumab
6029:Elsilimomab
6016:Antibodies:
5968:Mepolizumab
5960:Antibodies:
5914:Antibodies:
5841:Daniplestim
5810:Basiliximab
5807:Antibodies:
5775:Celmoleukin
5770:Aldesleukin
5734:Lutikizumab
5729:Gevokizumab
5724:Canakinumab
5721:Antibodies:
5440:IL17 family
5181:IL10 family
5100:IL12 family
4952:(grouped by
4940:Interleukin
4863:Lymphotoxin
4447:Int Immunol
4079:: 495–521.
3818:: 161–168.
3577:J. Exp. Med
3528:J. Exp. Med
3195:(1): 61–4.
2751:Hippocampus
2300:iboctadekin
2192:daniplestim
2163:celmoleukin
2159:aldesleukin
2036:to produce
1871:macrophages
1791:macrophages
1787:eosinophils
1740:melanocytes
1706:macrophages
1695:cell lines
1689:haptoglobin
1564:macrophages
1362:activated
1349:macrophages
1237:macrophages
1218:macrophages
1143:Neutrophil
1134:neutrophils
1128:CXCR2/IL8RB
1124:CXCR1/IL8RA
1114:lymphocytes
1076:CD132/IL2RG
1072:CD127/IL7RA
992:CD130/IL6RB
988:CD126/IL6RA
983:endothelium
967:macrophages
956:production
942:production
938:eosinophils
933:CD131/IL3RB
929:CD125/IL5RA
924:eosinophils
894:endothelium
852:CD132/IL2RG
843:macrophages
812:growth and
788:CD131/IL3RB
784:CD123/IL3RA
779:eosinophils
775:endothelium
739:macrophages
721:CD132/IL2RG
717:CD122/IL2RB
682:endothelium
678:macrophages
672:activation
622:macrophages
391:macrophages
232:hippocampus
224:hippocampus
155:lymphokines
136:interleukin
125:Switzerland
105:hippocampus
86:endothelial
82:macrophages
6910:Categories
6664:B (IFN-λ3)
6660:A (IFN-λ2)
6594:Guselkumab
6584:Brazikumab
6479:Fletikumab
6382:Remtolumab
6372:Ixekizumab
6367:Brodalumab
6250:Binetrakin
6188:Oprelvekin
6157:Ilodecakin
6136:Enokizumab
6049:Siltuximab
6039:Olokizumab
5973:Reslizumab
5907:Pitrakinra
5887:Binetrakin
5856:Milodistim
5851:Leridistim
5820:Inolimomab
5795:Teceleukin
5714:Isunakinra
5651:modulators
5547:Lymphokine
5385:IL1B/IL1F2
5380:IL1A/IL1F1
5376:IL1 family
5240:Interferon
5228:IL29/IFNL1
4378:2008-02-28
4291:: 87–113.
4242:(1): 1–8.
3623:Hum. Genet
2308:References
2296:-octadekin
2261:oprelvekin
2248:ilodecakin
2209:binetrakin
2175:teceleukin
2083:responses
2075:Regulates
1819:expansion
1817:eosinophil
1783:mast cells
1414:mast cells
1408:activated
1381:, ↓ IL-10
1326:formation
1324:osteoclast
1255:mast cells
1214:mast cells
1190:mast cells
1163:CD129/IL9R
1145:chemotaxis
1102:cytokines
1095:, NK cells
1093:pro-T cell
1085:pro-B cell
1016:secretion
996:activated
979:astrocytes
920:mast cells
874:response (
856:activated
848:CD124/IL4R
839:mast cells
809:mast cells
767:mast cells
761:activated
725:activated
713:CD25/IL2RA
608:Receptors
322:eosinophil
236:astrocytes
129:Ermatingen
101:astrocytes
37:(secreted
6916:Cytokines
6902:IPR000779
6869:Unsorted:
6730:Agonists:
6709:Agonists:
6688:Agonists:
6648:Agonists:
6627:Agonists:
6571:Agonists:
6539:Agonists:
6498:Agonists:
6456:Agonists:
6428:Tadekinig
6410:Agonists:
6329:Agonists:
6303:Agonists:
6247:Agonists:
6206:Agonists:
6180:Agonists:
6154:Agonists:
6123:Agonists:
6082:Agonists:
6064:Levilimab
6054:Sirukumab
6044:Sarilumab
6001:Agonists:
5940:Agonists:
5917:Dupilumab
5884:Agonists:
5861:Muplestim
5838:Agonists:
5762:Agonists:
5689:Pifonakin
5684:Mobenakin
5667:Agonists:
5425:33/IL1F11
5390:1Ra/IL1F3
5037:IL6 like/
4754:CXCL8/IL8
4552:Chemokine
4544:By family
4537:cytokines
4350:. Page 68
3859:Structure
3487:CiteSeerX
2759:CiteSeerX
2283:-tredekin
2235:emoctakin
2196:muplestim
2142:mobenakin
2129:pifonakin
1967:Th2 cells
1834:monocytes
1766:psoriasis
1750:, T cells
1748:monocytes
1553:cytokines
1440:Th1 cells
1410:Th2 cells
1290:Th2 cells
1268:inhibits
1264:Th1 cells
1206:Th2 cells
1202:monocytes
1157:Th2 cells
1138:basophils
971:Th2 cells
916:Th2 cells
831:CD4+ cell
827:Th2 cells
814:histamine
708:Th1-cells
630:monocytes
603:Function
587:In humans
387:chemokine
178:IL1 alpha
134:The term
78:monocytes
35:cytokines
6898:InterPro
6823:IL-22Rα1
6789:instead.
6106:instead.
6034:mAb 1339
6019:ARGX-109
5983:TPI ASM8
5953:YM-90709
5704:Anakinra
5699:AF-12198
5542:Monokine
5071:+non IL
4956:subunit)
4954:receptor
4925:TNFSF13B
4873:TNFC/LTB
4868:TNFB/LTA
4426:Archived
4315:18613831
4266:15271840
4258:11781375
4214:10872679
4187:26689873
4058:32020154
4050:11422900
4015:18619507
3897:Oncogene
3840:73449371
3832:30716660
3812:Cytokine
3797:42479456
3789:15335670
3746:30151082
3703:15831231
3509:10873157
3346:42023451
3227:39101523
2781:14620878
2407:18300021
2399:21093580
2358:21106488
2270:-dodekin
2257:-elvekin
2244:-decakin
2231:-octakin
2188:-plestim
2138:-benakin
2032:Induces
1935:microbes
1693:hepatoma
1679:such as
1418:NK cells
1387:NK cells
1037:induces
1034:, others
1014:antibody
872:allergic
816:release
771:NK cells
735:NK cells
668:NK cells
600:Targets
529:NK cells
182:IL1 beta
39:proteins
6841:IL-10Rβ
6837:IL-20Rα
6827:IL-20Rβ
6761:IL-36RA
6306:ALT-803
5430:18/IL1G
5172:Type II
5104:IL12RB1
5010:β chain
4964:γ chain
4920:TNFSF13
4915:TNFSF11
4910:TNFSF10
4592:/RANTES
4469:8982776
4306:3299089
4145:4368915
4137:8096327
4117:Bibcode
4093:9597139
3950:9416001
3909:8545104
3881:8590020
3769:Bibcode
3738:1971295
3694:1871893
3651:2217894
3643:1967588
3607:9802986
3598:2212514
3558:9802987
3549:2212526
3464:2663018
3429:2310949
3421:1400355
3386:2472117
3338:2037043
3316:Bibcode
3284:4367596
3276:3491322
3256:Bibcode
3219:2037074
3197:Bibcode
3167:4254991
3159:8483502
3139:Bibcode
3109:3498940
3077:Bibcode
3047:4279226
3039:2413359
3019:Bibcode
2987:3497843
2948:1510960
2910:3517854
2878:Bibcode
2848:3918306
2816:Bibcode
2789:8368473
2735:1738162
2700:2602367
2649:1833184
2600:8702856
2559:2969618
2539:Bibcode
2531:Science
2442:2405873
2349:3390169
2218:-exakin
2205:-trakin
2151:-leukin
2125:-onakin
1982:of the
1915:viruses
1830:T cells
1779:T Cells
1466:B cells
1432:B cells
1364:T cells
1358:IR12RB2
1345:T cells
1341:B cells
1246:B cells
1172:B cells
1168:T cells
1032:T cells
998:B cells
975:B cells
948:B cells
884:T cells
858:B cells
731:B cells
727:T cells
684:, other
658:B cells
626:B cells
597:Source
407:protein
204:heparin
144:-leukin
103:in the
96:cells.
6797:Others
6770:Others
6722:IL1RL2
6701:IL1RL1
6438:IL18BP
5709:IL-1RA
5420:IL1F10
5317:IFNA21
5312:IFNA17
5307:IFNA16
5302:IFNA14
5297:IFNA13
5292:IFNA10
4949:Type I
4905:TNFSF9
4900:TNFSF8
4895:TNFSF7
4890:TNFSF6
4880:TNFSF4
4815:CX3CL1
4799:CXCL17
4794:CXCL16
4789:CXCL15
4784:CXCL14
4779:CXCL13
4774:CXCL12
4769:CXCL11
4764:CXCL10
4586:/MIP1β
4580:/MIP1α
4467:
4346:
4338:
4313:
4303:
4264:
4256:
4212:
4185:
4143:
4135:
4109:Nature
4091:
4056:
4048:
4013:
3976:
3948:
3907:
3879:
3838:
3830:
3795:
3787:
3744:
3736:
3701:
3691:
3649:
3641:
3605:
3595:
3556:
3546:
3507:
3489:
3462:
3427:
3419:
3384:
3344:
3336:
3282:
3274:
3248:Nature
3225:
3217:
3165:
3157:
3131:Nature
3107:
3100:299136
3097:
3045:
3037:
3011:Nature
2985:
2946:
2908:
2901:323485
2898:
2846:
2839:396972
2836:
2787:
2779:
2761:
2733:
2698:
2691:298562
2688:
2647:
2640:452992
2637:
2598:
2557:
2513:
2471:
2440:
2405:
2397:
2356:
2346:
2115:-nakin
2104:suffix
2081:T cell
1972:IL31RA
1880:IL27RA
1839:IL20R1
1657:(Th17)
1537:IL17RB
1529:(Th17)
1482:IL15RA
1310:IL11RA
1224:subset
1222:B cell
1130:/CD128
611:Cells
521:, and
140:inter-
92:, and
84:, and
6680:IL-31
6640:IL-28
6619:IL-27
6563:IL-23
6531:IL-22
6490:IL-21
6448:IL-20
6402:IL-18
6321:IL-17
6295:IL-15
6239:IL-13
6198:IL-12
6172:IL-11
6146:IL-10
5482:KITLG
5470:Other
5456:IL17A
5415:IL1F9
5410:IL1F8
5405:IL1F7
5400:IL1F6
5395:IL1F5
5332:IFNW1
5322:IFNB1
5287:IFNA8
5282:IFNA7
5277:IFNA6
5272:IFNA5
5267:IFNA4
5262:IFNA2
5257:IFNA1
5136:Other
5039:gp130
5028:GMCSF
4808:CX3CL
4759:CXCL9
4749:CXCL7
4744:CXCL6
4739:CXCL5
4734:CXCL4
4729:CXCL3
4724:CXCL2
4718:CXCL1
4702:CCL28
4697:CCL27
4692:CCL26
4687:CCL25
4682:CCL24
4677:CCL23
4672:CCL22
4667:CCL21
4662:CCL20
4657:CCL19
4651:CCL18
4646:CCL17
4641:CCL16
4636:CCL15
4631:CCL14
4626:CCL13
4621:CCL12
4616:CCL11
4574:/MCP1
4372:(PDF)
4365:(PDF)
4262:S2CID
4163:(PDF)
4141:S2CID
4054:S2CID
3836:S2CID
3793:S2CID
3742:S2CID
3647:S2CID
3425:S2CID
3342:S2CID
3280:S2CID
3223:S2CID
3163:S2CID
3043:S2CID
2785:S2CID
2515:91646
2403:S2CID
2107:INNs
2064:IL-36
2045:IL-35
2019:IL-33
2012:CXCL2
2004:TNF-α
1991:IL-32
1962:IL-31
1955:IL-27
1942:IL-30
1922:IL-29
1907:IL28R
1899:IL-28
1866:IL-27
1847:IL-10
1825:IL-26
1813:IL-13
1774:IL-25
1754:IL20R
1735:IL-24
1715:IL23R
1701:IL-23
1673:STAT3
1669:STAT1
1661:IL22R
1650:IL-22
1636:IL21R
1628:IL-21
1613:IL20R
1605:IL-20
1593:IL20R
1585:IL-19
1577:IFN-γ
1560:IL-18
1522:IL-17
1498:IL-16
1474:IL-15
1452:IL-14
1423:IL13R
1404:IL-13
1397:TNF-α
1393:IFN-γ
1379:TNF-α
1375:IFN-γ
1332:IL-12
1300:IL-11
1278:TNF-β
1274:IFN-γ
1197:IL-10
696:fever
594:Name
429:CXCR2
425:CXCR1
411:CXCL8
6896:and
6894:Pfam
6787:here
6785:See
6115:IL-9
6104:here
6095:IL-8
6074:IL-7
5993:IL-6
5932:IL-5
5876:IL-4
5830:IL-3
5754:IL-2
5659:IL-1
5602:IL13
5597:IL10
5566:TNFβ
5561:IFNγ
5533:TNFA
5514:cell
5494:SPP1
5452:IL25
5448:IL17
5350:IFNG
5327:IFNK
5213:IL26
5208:IL24
5203:IL20
5198:IL19
5193:IL22
5189:IL10
5158:IL34
5153:IL32
5148:IL16
5143:IL14
5127:IL35
5122:IL27
5117:IL23
5112:IL12
5088:CTF1
5083:CNTF
5067:IL31
5062:IL30
5057:IL27
5052:IL11
5000:IL21
4985:IL13
4976:IL15
4858:TNFA
4836:XCL2
4831:XCL1
4711:CXCL
4611:CCL9
4606:CCL8
4601:CCL7
4596:CCL6
4590:CCL5
4584:CCL4
4578:CCL3
4572:CCL2
4567:CCL1
4465:PMID
4344:ISBN
4336:ISBN
4311:PMID
4254:PMID
4210:PMID
4183:PMID
4133:PMID
4089:PMID
4046:PMID
4011:PMID
3974:ISBN
3946:PMID
3905:PMID
3877:PMID
3828:PMID
3785:PMID
3734:PMID
3699:PMID
3639:PMID
3603:PMID
3554:PMID
3505:PMID
3460:PMID
3417:PMID
3382:PMID
3334:PMID
3272:PMID
3215:PMID
3155:PMID
3105:PMID
3035:PMID
2983:PMID
2967:Gene
2944:PMID
2906:PMID
2844:PMID
2777:PMID
2731:PMID
2696:PMID
2645:PMID
2596:PMID
2555:PMID
2511:PMID
2469:ISBN
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