1031:
27:
3678:, to foster international cooperation, and to help in the application of physics toward solving problems of concern to humanity, has throughout its history defended the stand that no scientists should be barred from participating in conferences or events on the basis of their nationality or their affiliation. Shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, IUPAP issued a statement against the military offensive, while advocating for continued international scientific cooperation. To alleviate
3633:
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833:
2914:
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3409:
3374:
965:
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1199:
3238:
2950:
3307:
3146:
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2558:
3123:
2060:
1894:
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2819:
2393:
2227:
1927:
1761:
1099:
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1828:
799:
2720:
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2327:
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1993:
1298:
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2525:
2260:
2159:
1596:
1497:
1332:
1265:
1232:
1133:
866:
766:
1960:
1861:
1795:
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1464:
1166:
2849:
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1431:
998:
3284:
1398:
2753:
2027:
1563:
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3520:
3474:
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407:
of
Members representing identified physics communities. At present 60 Members adhere to IUPAP. The Members are represented by Liaison Committees. Members of the Council and Commissions are elected by the General Assembly, based on nominations received from Liaison Committees and existing Council and Commission members.
406:
The Union is governed by its
General Assembly, which meets every three years. The Council is its top executive body, supervising the activities of the nineteen specialized International Commissions and the four Affiliated Commissions – it typically meets once or twice per year. The Union is composed
3022:
The IUPAP President is the head of the
Executive Council. IUPAP Presidents are elected by the General Assembly. During the election of the Executive Council, the future President is also elected to the post of President-Designate. Thus in every Executive Council the current President-Designate will
3682:
and to promote principles and policies for international scientific collaboration, IUPAP offers physicists, including students, from any country around the world, who feel excluded from academic exchange based exclusively on their affiliation and/or country of origin, to apply to use the IUPAP as
603:
These concentrate on broad sub-fields (e.g. nuclear spectroscopy, nuclear reaction mechanisms, heavy ion physics, are possible sub-fields in the field of
Nuclear Physics). They would normally be scheduled in the years between the corresponding Type A General conferences. Attendance in the range of
4905:
Alferov, Zhores I; Andreev, Aleksandr F; Borovik-Romanov, A S; Vaĭnshteĭn, B K; Gantmakher, Vsevolod F; Keldysh, Leonid V; Nikitenko, V I; Ponyatovskiĭ, E G; Timofeev, Vladislav B; Khalatnikov, I M; Shekhtman, V Sh; Shchegolev, I F (1991). "Yuriĭ Andreevich Osip'yan (on his sixtieth birthday)".
621:
These concentrate on meeting the needs of a developing region. Unlike the Type A, B and C conferences, they do not need to be truly international, but should involve neighbouring countries, and they should address the needs of the region. One Type D conference will be approved each year. All
267:
IUPAP carries out this mission by: sponsoring international meetings; fostering communications and publications; encouraging research and education; fostering the free circulation of scientists; promoting international agreements on the use of symbols, units, nomenclature and standards; and
697:
IUPAP was founded in 1922 by 13 states: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Empire of Japan, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, United States, and South Africa. Since, then many new members have joined the union. Today, the IUPAP consists of 56 member states.
5685:
612:
These concentrate on much more specialised topics than in the case of Type B Conferences (e.g. angular correlations, lifetime measurements, neutron resonance studies in the field of
Nuclear Physics). Attendance in the range of 50-200 would be anticipated.
256:, to foster international cooperation in physics, and to help in the application of physics toward solving problems of concern to humanity. It was established in 1922 and the first General Assembly was held in 1923 in Paris. The Union is domiciled in
594:
These provide a broad overview of an entire field (typically the field of interest to a
Commission), and normally occur at two- or three-year intervals, as advances in the field warrant. Attendance in the range of 750–1000 would be anticipated.
5461:
Albrecht, M.; Ali, A.; Barone, M.; Brentjes, S.; Bona, M.; Ellis, J.; Glazov, A.; Jung, H.; Mangano, M.; Neuneck, G.; Raicevic, N.; Scheffran, J.; Spiro, M.; van
Mechelen, P.; Vigen, J. (2023). "Beyond a Year of Sanctions in Science".
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6298:
279:
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6406:
542:
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6725:
6411:
3859:
Physics 50 Years Later: [Papers] as
Presented to the XIV General Assembly of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics on the Occasion of the Union's Fiftieth Anniversary
6516:
6446:
634:
The IUPAP Young
Scientist Prize, approved and adopted at the 2005 General Assembly for all commissions. The prize was renamed Early Career Scientist Prize at the General Assembly 2021.
6184:
5517:
306:, to coordinate international efforts in the different branches of sciences, under whose aegis international associations or unions in different branches of science could be formed".
6491:
5602:
4404:
Schopper, Herwig; Gillies, James (2024), Schopper, Herwig; Gillies, James (eds.), "From Science to Science Diplomacy. See section "IUPAP Looks into the Role of Women in Physics"",
6755:
6750:
5852:
6659:
6431:
6366:
6243:
5607:
583:
Each year, IUPAP endorses approximately 30 international conferences and awards grants to the majority of them. Applications for sponsorship can be made via the IUPAP website.
566:
6644:
6471:
6008:
5792:
5587:
371:
An Executive committee was formed which undertook to prepare rules, regulations, and activities of the organization. The committee consisted of ten distinguished physicists:
6589:
6426:
5552:
5136:
van Oers, Willem T. H.; Crabb, Donald G.; Prok, Yelena; Poelker, Matt; Liuti, Simonetta; Day, Donal B.; Zheng, Xiaochao (2009). "Introductory Remarks on Behalf of IUPAP".
391:. The committee had Bragg as President, Van Aubel as Vice-President, and Abraham as Secretary. This was the birth of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics.
6476:
3692:
6461:
6730:
6599:
5651:
394:
The year 2022 marked the centenary of the IUPAP, organized and run by the physics communities of the world. In this context, the IUPAP sponsored the publication of
6451:
6401:
6154:
6060:
5971:
554:
6531:
6496:
6436:
560:
5899:
654:
The Young Author Best Paper Award, established by the Commission on Semiconductors (C8) and sponsored by the semiconductor industries of USA, Japan and Europe
6501:
6313:
6293:
5700:
5663:
6466:
6391:
6381:
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6303:
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6386:
6112:
5991:
5946:
5862:
2993:
5765:
5636:
6669:
6223:
6196:
5986:
5966:
5675:
5614:
5582:
5572:
422:
6579:
6559:
6760:
6614:
6609:
6421:
6396:
6356:
6090:
5503:
548:
6336:
6179:
6122:
6080:
5961:
5745:
5557:
4889:
4423:
4383:
4338:
3879:
6654:
6526:
6506:
6283:
6211:
6139:
6117:
6070:
5715:
6624:
6629:
6238:
6191:
4879:
536:
398:, edited by Roberto Lalli and Jaume Navarro. This anthology brings together contributions on the history of IUPAP since its foundation.
6456:
5025:
6361:
6346:
6308:
5842:
5755:
5668:
5646:
6134:
6100:
5284:
4237:
2919:
572:
6704:
6664:
6129:
5904:
5884:
5817:
5592:
5547:
4286:
5956:
5710:
5705:
5951:
6376:
6371:
6351:
6341:
6689:
6679:
6318:
6065:
5802:
5780:
4096:
Bacher, Robert F.; Havens, William W.; Koch, H. William; Marshak, Robert E.; Seitz, Frederick (1972). "IUPAP–Past and future".
283:
26:
5879:
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6233:
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5526:
272:
249:
131:
6075:
6253:
6218:
5976:
5909:
5720:
5641:
5567:
637:
The SUNAMCO Medal, given by the Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants (C2)
295:
6521:
6028:
5894:
575:(WG1) and Women in Physics (WG5), to provide an overview of important areas of international collaboration in physics.
6684:
6554:
6174:
6107:
6050:
5981:
5919:
5874:
648:
6228:
6564:
6288:
6248:
6085:
6040:
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686:
63:
6258:
5914:
5869:
5735:
5658:
6536:
6169:
6149:
5822:
5695:
5690:
5330:
4302:
670:
Penning Award Excellence in Low-Temperature Plasma Physics, established by the Commission on Plasma Physics (C16)
4273:
465:
5832:
5827:
4303:"The Statues of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (as adopted by the General Assembly, 2011)"
6003:
6694:
3299:
3069:
384:
5490:
622:
applications for Type-D Conferences must be submitted to the Commission on Physics for Development (C13).
495:
81:
To stimulate and facilitate international cooperation in physics and the worldwide development of science
434:
365:
5305:
428:
6594:
6013:
5996:
5797:
5187:
5145:
5059:
4954:
4844:
4688:
4645:
4602:
4559:
4516:
4363:
4169:
4105:
4057:
4014:
3971:
3928:
3765:
3723:
3276:
4355:
5807:
3138:
3046:
1601:
372:
294:
In 1919 was formed the International Research Council “largely through the representatives of the
5463:
5118:
4782:
4195:
3896:"UID-Register@BFS, UID CHE-494.244.310 (International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP))"
3747:
3230:
380:
313:
and a number of physicists present decided that the formation of a Physics Union was imperative.
5432:
5354:
507:
664:
Medal for Outstanding Contributions to the Enhancement of Physics in Developing Countries (C13)
5240:
5205:
5110:
5075:
5007:
4972:
4923:
4885:
4860:
4817:
4774:
4739:
4704:
4661:
4618:
4575:
4532:
4419:
4379:
4334:
4282:
4187:
4121:
4073:
4030:
3987:
3944:
3895:
3875:
3863:
3857:
3831:
3739:
5258:
4835:
Sweet, William (1985). "IUPAP President Bromley Worries About "Isolation" of US Physicists".
4275:
Globalizing Physics: One Hundred Years of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
483:
396:
Globalizing Physics: One Hundred Years of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
6045:
5390:
5232:
5195:
5153:
5102:
5067:
5029:
4999:
4962:
4915:
4852:
4809:
4766:
4731:
4696:
4653:
4610:
4567:
4524:
4440:"Early Career Scientist Prizes - IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics"
4409:
4371:
4177:
4113:
4065:
4022:
3979:
3936:
3867:
3823:
3731:
3579:
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441:
376:
213:
6206:
6144:
4248:
3625:
661:
641:
513:
471:
416:
337:
16:
International non-governmental organization that assists in worldwide physics development
5191:
5149:
5063:
4958:
4848:
4692:
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4367:
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3184:
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1204:
525:
447:
357:
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6719:
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4735:
3751:
3638:
3502:
3401:
3391:
3266:
3253:
3207:
3082:
2596:
477:
423:
Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses & Fundamental Constants
388:
361:
299:
268:
cooperating with other organizations on disciplinary and interdisciplinary problems.
4919:
4786:
4757:
Butterworth, Ian (2001). "Sir Clifford Charles Butler. 20 May 1922 – 30 June 1999".
4484:"History of Membership | IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics"
4483:
4460:"History of Membership | IUPAP: The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics"
4199:
3827:
501:
309:
In accordance with this principle, the 1922 General Assembly of the IRC convened at
5106:
4459:
4439:
4408:, Springer Biographies, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 175–176,
3648:
3535:
3512:
3424:
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2824:
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2232:
489:
453:
153:
519:
5378:
4414:
3128:
2497:
2065:
1932:
1899:
1766:
676:
ICO Galileo Galilei Award, awarded by the Affiliated Commission for Optics (AC1)
353:
333:
261:
106:
4375:
571:
In addition IUPAP has established a number of Working Groups, among others the
5236:
3714:
Kerwin, Larkin (1969). "The international union of pure and applied physics".
1104:
459:
5394:
5244:
5209:
5114:
5093:
Richter*, B. (1999). "Megascience Forum: Valuable from IUPAP's Perspective".
5079:
5011:
4976:
4927:
4864:
4821:
4778:
4743:
4708:
4665:
4622:
4579:
4536:
4191:
4125:
4077:
4034:
4005:
Fleury, P.; de Boer, J. (1962). "Symbols units and nomenclature in physics".
3991:
3948:
3835:
3743:
3615:
2299:
1833:
838:
804:
4770:
4306:
2725:
2692:
2660:
2365:
2332:
2131:
1998:
1303:
310:
630:
IUPAP commissions sponsor various awards for scientists. These include:
437:. The commission was previously known as the Commission on Cosmic Rays.
3675:
3289:
2887:
2628:
2530:
2265:
2164:
1502:
1403:
1337:
1270:
1237:
1138:
904:
871:
771:
657:
ICM Award in Magnetism, established by the Commission on Magnetism (C9)
325:
317:
253:
93:
5200:
5175:
5157:
4967:
4942:
4856:
4813:
4700:
4657:
4614:
4571:
4528:
4213:
4117:
4069:
4026:
3983:
3940:
3735:
667:
The ICPE Medal, sponsored by the Commission on Physics Education (C14)
5176:"Commentary: International Union of Pure and Applied Physics and you"
5071:
5003:
4182:
4157:
3661:
3592:
3548:
3525:
3479:
3437:
3414:
3379:
3356:
3333:
3220:
3105:
2464:
2199:
2098:
1965:
1866:
1800:
1733:
1634:
1469:
1370:
1171:
1070:
970:
937:
345:
341:
329:
321:
303:
257:
89:
5355:"Principles and policies for international scientific collaboration"
5468:
5285:"IUPAP Statement on the events occurring in Ukraine | ILC Newsline"
3871:
3026:
Below is the list of IUPAP Presidents since its inception in 1922.
3674:
IUPAP, whose mission is to assist in the worldwide development of
3569:
3458:
3197:
3174:
2854:
2791:
2431:
1700:
1667:
1535:
1436:
1036:
1003:
349:
2758:
2032:
1568:
673:
ICO Prize, awarded by the Affiliated Commission for Optics (AC1)
280:
International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development
5499:
5379:"IUPAP celebrates a century and strives to meet new challenges"
3791:
543:
International Commission on General Relativity and Gravitation
4990:
Feder, Toni (1996). "IUPAP General Assembly Held in Sweden".
4139:
3962:
Davis, Harold L. (1972). "IUPAP–A union for all physicists".
278:
IUPAP is the lead organization promoting the adoption of the
5408:
4679:
Mayer, Meinhard E. (1979). "Dmitrii Ivanovich Blokhintsev".
466:
Commission on the Structure and Dynamics of Condensed Matter
240:
222:
4406:
Herwig Schopper: Scientist and Diplomat in a Changing World
252:
whose mission is to assist in the worldwide development of
219:
5306:"Scientific diplomacy and cooperation in this time of war"
368:) immediately announced their adherence to the new Union.
651:, given by the Commission on Low Temperature Physics (C5)
282:, a proposal to be considered by the 76th session of the
228:
5485:
3862:. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. p.
3766:"The Central Secretariat of IUPAP is moving to Trieste"
709:
List of the Current and Former Member States of IUPAP
644:, awarded by the Commission on Statistical Physics (C3)
4884:. Winnipeg, MB: Univ. of Manitoba Press. p. 166.
5331:"100 years of international collaboration in physics"
4881:
One version of the facts: My life in the ivory tower
4759:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
4218:
International Year of Basic Sciences for Development
496:
Commission on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
231:
225:
191:
6545:
6327:
6269:
5533:
4550:Slater, J. C. (1952). "IUPAP Executive Committee".
4091:
4089:
4087:
3814:Nilsson, Jan (1996). "What can IUPAP do for you?".
237:
216:
186:
176:
159:
147:
137:
125:
115:
99:
85:
77:
69:
59:
41:
33:
5440:IUPAP position papers, statements and declarations
5329:Altarelli, Monica Pepe; Vigen, Jens (2022-11-08).
3770:Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati
3693:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
586:Sponsored conferences fall into four categories:
6736:International organisations based in Switzerland
6726:Members of the International Council for Science
5486:International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
5169:
5167:
4507:Wheeler, John A. (1951). "7th IUPAP Assembly".
4356:"High Energy Physics, Past, Present and Future"
573:International Committee for Future Accelerators
204:International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
20:International Union of Pure and Applied Physics
4360:Memorial Volume on Abdus Salam's 90th Birthday
701:Below is the list of Member States of IUPAP:
5511:
5433:"Use of IUPAP affiliation in academic papers"
3809:
3807:
3805:
561:International Association of Physics Students
8:
6756:Members of the International Science Council
6751:Scientific organizations established in 1922
4362:, Singapore: World Scientific, p. 416,
3709:
3707:
19:
4593:Wheeler, John A. (1954). "IUPAP Assembly".
3919:Kerwin, Larkin (1973). "IUPAP on freedom".
555:International Commission on Medical Physics
5518:
5504:
5496:
5026:"In Memoriam: Jan S. Nilsson, 1932 - 2010"
703:
617:Workshops in Developing Countries - Type D
604:300-600 individuals would be anticipated.
170:Silvina Ponce Dawson (President-Designate)
18:
5467:
5199:
4966:
4413:
4181:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3845:
508:Commission on Laser Physics and Photonics
4272:Roberto Lalli and Jaume Navarro (2024).
3028:
296:National Academy of Sciences, Washington
4048:"IUPAP handbook on symbols and units".
3703:
3670:IUPAP reactions to sanctions in science
6731:International scientific organizations
549:International Commission for Acoustics
411:The IUPAP specialised Commissions are:
4158:"Soviet Oppression: IUPAP Retaliates"
484:Commission on Physics for Development
442:Commission on Low Temperature Physics
7:
2924:(membership renewed as China-Taipei)
5527:International Science Council (ISC)
3856:Brown, Sanborn C (September 1972).
537:International Commission for Optics
526:Commission on Computational Physics
435:Commission on Astroparticle Physics
92:, with an administrative office in
5028:. ICTP. 2010-06-16. Archived from
4878:Duckworth, Henry E. (2000-10-12).
514:Commission on Mathematical Physics
472:Commission on Particles and Fields
14:
5259:"Spiro appointed IUPAP president"
3023:succeed the incumbent President.
567:History and Philosophy of Physics
429:Commission on Statistical Physics
3654:
3631:
3608:
3585:
3562:
3541:
3518:
3495:
3472:
3451:
3430:
3407:
3384:
3372:
3349:
3326:
3305:
3282:
3259:
3236:
3213:
3190:
3167:
3144:
3121:
3098:
3075:
3052:
2986:
2948:
2912:
2880:
2847:
2817:
2784:
2751:
2718:
2685:
2653:
2621:
2589:
2556:
2523:
2490:
2457:
2424:
2391:
2358:
2325:
2292:
2258:
2225:
2192:
2157:
2124:
2091:
2058:
2025:
1991:
1958:
1925:
1892:
1859:
1826:
1793:
1759:
1726:
1693:
1660:
1627:
1594:
1561:
1528:
1495:
1462:
1429:
1396:
1363:
1330:
1296:
1263:
1230:
1197:
1164:
1131:
1097:
1063:
1029:
996:
963:
930:
897:
864:
831:
797:
764:
448:Commission on Biological Physics
417:Commission on Policy and Finance
387:, H. Nagaoka, E. Van Aubel, and
212:
25:
6746:International learned societies
5225:Asia Pacific Physics Newsletter
4920:10.1070/PU1991v034n02ABEH002340
531:The Affiliated Commissions are:
490:Commission on Physics Education
5174:McKellar, Bruce H. J. (2017).
5107:10.1126/science.286.5442.1089b
4800:"IUPAP chooses new officers".
4636:"IUPAP 9th General Assembly".
1:
6761:Organisations based in Geneva
5409:"Adherence to IUPAP policies"
5050:"IUPAP Elects New Officers".
4305:. IUPAP. 2011. Archived from
3231:Dmitrii Ivanovich Blokhintsev
478:Commission on Nuclear Physics
273:International Science Council
250:non-governmental organization
132:International Science Council
608:Special Conferences - Type C
599:Topical Conferences - Type B
590:General Conferences - Type A
502:Commission on Plasma Physics
454:Commission on Semiconductors
47:; 102 years ago
4415:10.1007/978-3-031-51042-7_8
4354:Sugawara, Hirotaka (2017),
4281:. Oxford University Press.
3300:Sir Clifford Charles Butler
649:Fritz London Memorial Prize
6777:
5138:AIP Conference Proceedings
4736:10.1088/0031-9112/30/4/003
4376:10.1142/9789813144873_0022
687:Symposium on Laser Physics
520:Commission on Astrophysics
383:, M. Knudsen, M. Leblanc,
5359:American Physical Society
5237:10.1142/S2251158X12000021
4330:New Directions In Physics
3828:10.1088/2058-7058/9/12/12
708:
402:Committees and governance
271:IUPAP is a member of the
24:
5603:Bosnia & Herzegovina
5395:10.1063/PT.6.4.20220803a
5389:(4): 0803a. 2022-08-03.
4941:Sakai, Norisuke (2017).
4333:. Elsevier. p. 93.
3425:Yuri Andreevich Ossipyan
3344:Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn
3047:Sir Willilam Henry Bragg
3018:List of IUPAP Presidents
167:Michel Spiro (President)
4722:"New honorary fellow".
4327:Metropolis, N. (2012).
3208:Louis Eugène Félix Néel
3139:Sir Nevill Francis Mott
3116:Hendrik Anthony Kramers
3070:Robert Andrews Millikan
460:Commission on Magnetism
4908:Soviet Physics Uspekhi
4771:10.1098/rsbm.2001.0003
693:Member States of IUPAP
248:) is an international
6741:Physics organizations
5310:University World News
2960:(succeeded by Russia)
579:Sponsored conferences
366:Union of South Africa
5101:(5442): 1089b–1089.
4438:iupap (2021-02-26).
3680:sanctions in science
3277:Heinz Maier-Leibnitz
3185:Homi Jehangir Bhabha
681:Sponsored symposiums
316:Thirteen countries (
5192:2017PhT....70j..10M
5150:2009AIPC.1149....3V
5064:1999PhT....52R..48.
4959:2017PhT....70g..72S
4849:1985PhT....38R..79S
4693:1979PhT....32g..62M
4650:1958PhT....11a..46.
4607:1954PhT.....7i..28W
4564:1952PhT.....5i..32S
4521:1951PhT.....4k..30W
4368:2017mvas.book..411S
4174:1973Natur.245R...3.
4110:1972PhT....25i..23B
4062:1982PhT....35i..21.
4019:1962PhT....15f..20F
3976:1972PhT....25i..88D
3933:1973PhT....26l..11K
3798:. 26 February 2021.
3728:1969PhT....22e..53K
3683:their affiliation.
3513:Yves Pierre Petroff
3447:Yasatuka Yamaguchi
3367:David Allan Bromley
705:
284:UN General Assembly
21:
5706:Dominican Republic
4943:"Yoshio Yamaguchi"
4644:(1): 46–47. 1958.
4238:"History of IUPAP"
4146:. 28 January 2021.
3322:Leonard Sosnowski
704:
139:Official language
6713:
6712:
5304:Chetty, Nithaya.
5283:Nakada, Tatsuya.
5231:(1): 4–12. 2012.
5201:10.1063/PT.3.3707
5158:10.1063/1.3215675
4968:10.1063/PT.3.3636
4891:978-0-88755-352-3
4857:10.1063/1.2814526
4814:10.1063/1.2995605
4701:10.1063/1.2995633
4658:10.1063/1.3062393
4615:10.1063/1.3061774
4572:10.1063/1.3067746
4529:10.1063/1.3067089
4425:978-3-031-51042-7
4385:978-981-314-486-6
4340:978-0-323-14131-4
4168:(5419): 3. 1973.
4118:10.1063/1.3070995
4070:10.1063/1.2915257
4027:10.1063/1.3058223
3984:10.1063/1.3071031
3941:10.1063/1.3128352
3881:978-0-309-02138-8
3736:10.1063/1.3035575
3667:
3666:
3558:Sukekatsu Ushioda
3254:Robert Fox Bacher
3015:
3014:
2961:
2925:
2920:Republic of China
2772:No voting rights
2279:No voting rights
1317:No Voting rights
200:
199:
182:Executive Council
6768:
5608:Republika Srpska
5520:
5513:
5506:
5497:
5491:IUPAP 'Red Book'
5474:
5473:
5471:
5458:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5447:
5442:. 9 October 2023
5437:
5429:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5419:
5405:
5399:
5398:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5203:
5171:
5162:
5161:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5090:
5084:
5083:
5072:10.1063/1.882721
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5022:
5016:
5015:
5004:10.1063/1.881552
4987:
4981:
4980:
4970:
4938:
4932:
4931:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4730:(4): 141. 1979.
4724:Physics Bulletin
4719:
4713:
4712:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4590:
4584:
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4435:
4429:
4428:
4417:
4401:
4395:
4394:
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4392:
4351:
4345:
4344:
4324:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4280:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4253:
4247:. Archived from
4242:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4185:
4183:10.1038/245003b0
4154:
4148:
4147:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4093:
4082:
4081:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3900:www.uid.admin.ch
3892:
3886:
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3839:
3811:
3800:
3799:
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3781:
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3777:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3711:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3580:Cecilia Jarlskog
3568:
3566:
3565:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3478:
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3436:
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3390:
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3375:
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3329:
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3309:
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3265:
3263:
3262:
3242:
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3219:
3217:
3216:
3196:
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3193:
3173:
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3170:
3150:
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3127:
3125:
3124:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3058:
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3029:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2959:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2923:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2853:
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2823:
2821:
2820:
2790:
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2787:
2757:
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2754:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2691:
2689:
2688:
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2657:
2656:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2496:
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2493:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2031:
2029:
2028:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1799:
1797:
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1763:
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1732:
1730:
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1666:
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1633:
1631:
1630:
1600:
1598:
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1567:
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1564:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1002:
1000:
999:
969:
967:
966:
936:
934:
933:
903:
901:
900:
870:
868:
867:
837:
835:
834:
803:
801:
800:
770:
768:
767:
706:
626:Sponsored awards
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
196:
193:
55:
53:
48:
29:
22:
6776:
6775:
6771:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6766:
6765:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6709:
6547:
6541:
6329:
6323:
6271:
6265:
6207:British Academy
6180:Science Academy
6086:Slovak Republic
5987:North Macedonia
5535:
5529:
5524:
5482:
5477:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5445:
5443:
5435:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5417:
5415:
5407:
5406:
5402:
5377:
5376:
5372:
5363:
5361:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5339:
5337:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5314:
5312:
5303:
5302:
5298:
5289:
5287:
5282:
5281:
5277:
5268:
5266:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5222:
5221:
5217:
5173:
5172:
5165:
5135:
5134:
5130:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5058:(7): 48. 1999.
5049:
5048:
5044:
5035:
5033:
5024:
5023:
5019:
4989:
4988:
4984:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4892:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4808:(6): 79. 1979.
4799:
4798:
4794:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4678:
4677:
4673:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4549:
4548:
4544:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4492:
4490:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4458:
4457:
4453:
4444:
4442:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4312:
4310:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4289:
4278:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4231:
4222:
4220:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4095:
4094:
4085:
4056:(9): 21. 1982.
4047:
4046:
4042:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3904:
3902:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3882:
3855:
3854:
3843:
3813:
3812:
3803:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3775:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3713:
3712:
3705:
3701:
3689:
3672:
3655:
3653:
3632:
3630:
3626:Kennedy J. Reed
3609:
3607:
3586:
3584:
3563:
3561:
3542:
3540:
3519:
3517:
3496:
3494:
3473:
3471:
3468:Jan S. Nilsson
3452:
3450:
3431:
3429:
3408:
3406:
3385:
3383:
3373:
3371:
3350:
3348:
3327:
3325:
3306:
3304:
3283:
3281:
3260:
3258:
3237:
3235:
3214:
3212:
3191:
3189:
3168:
3166:
3145:
3143:
3122:
3120:
3099:
3097:
3076:
3074:
3053:
3051:
3020:
2987:
2985:
2949:
2947:
2913:
2911:
2881:
2879:
2848:
2846:
2818:
2816:
2785:
2783:
2752:
2750:
2719:
2717:
2686:
2684:
2654:
2652:
2622:
2620:
2590:
2588:
2557:
2555:
2524:
2522:
2491:
2489:
2458:
2456:
2425:
2423:
2392:
2390:
2359:
2357:
2326:
2324:
2293:
2291:
2259:
2257:
2226:
2224:
2193:
2191:
2158:
2156:
2125:
2123:
2092:
2090:
2059:
2057:
2026:
2024:
1992:
1990:
1959:
1957:
1926:
1924:
1893:
1891:
1860:
1858:
1827:
1825:
1794:
1792:
1760:
1758:
1727:
1725:
1694:
1692:
1661:
1659:
1628:
1626:
1595:
1593:
1562:
1560:
1529:
1527:
1496:
1494:
1463:
1461:
1430:
1428:
1397:
1395:
1364:
1362:
1331:
1329:
1297:
1295:
1264:
1262:
1231:
1229:
1198:
1196:
1165:
1163:
1132:
1130:
1098:
1096:
1064:
1062:
1030:
1028:
997:
995:
964:
962:
931:
929:
898:
896:
865:
863:
832:
830:
798:
796:
765:
763:
695:
683:
642:Boltzmann Medal
628:
581:
404:
338:Empire of Japan
292:
236:
215:
211:
190:
179:
162:
150:
140:
128:
118:
111:
51:
49:
46:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6774:
6772:
6764:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6718:
6717:
6711:
6710:
6708:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6551:
6549:
6543:
6542:
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6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
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6409:
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6394:
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6379:
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6369:
6364:
6359:
6354:
6349:
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6339:
6333:
6331:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6275:
6273:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6263:
6262:
6261:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6202:United Kingdom
6199:
6194:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6182:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6115:
6110:
6105:
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6103:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6032:
6031:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
6000:
5999:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
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5939:
5934:
5929:
5928:
5927:
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5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
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5887:
5882:
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5872:
5867:
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5860:
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5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5789:
5788:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5696:Czech Republic
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5661:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5644:
5639:
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5627:
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5595:
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5565:
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5555:
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5545:
5539:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5515:
5508:
5500:
5494:
5493:
5488:
5481:
5480:External links
5478:
5476:
5475:
5453:
5424:
5400:
5370:
5346:
5321:
5296:
5275:
5250:
5215:
5163:
5128:
5085:
5042:
5017:
4982:
4933:
4914:(2): 202–203.
4897:
4890:
4870:
4827:
4792:
4749:
4714:
4671:
4628:
4585:
4542:
4499:
4475:
4451:
4430:
4424:
4396:
4384:
4346:
4339:
4319:
4294:
4287:
4264:
4229:
4205:
4149:
4131:
4083:
4040:
3997:
3954:
3911:
3887:
3880:
3872:10.17226/20232
3841:
3801:
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3665:
3664:
3651:
3646:
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3641:
3628:
3623:
3619:
3618:
3605:
3603:Bruce McKellar
3600:
3596:
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3552:
3551:
3538:
3533:
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3492:
3490:Burton Richter
3487:
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3448:
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3427:
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3404:
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3323:
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3313:United Kingdom
3302:
3297:
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3279:
3274:
3270:
3269:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3210:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3187:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3164:
3162:Edoardo Amaldi
3159:
3155:
3154:
3152:United Kingdom
3141:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:United Kingdom
3049:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3005:
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2999:
2996:
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2808:
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2800:
2797:
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2599:
2586:
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2577:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2564:United Kingdom
2553:
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2536:
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2520:
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2289:
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2268:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
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2241:
2238:
2235:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1856:
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1851:
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1845:
1842:
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1836:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1790:
1786:
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1781:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1756:
1752:
1751:
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1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1709:
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1703:
1690:
1686:
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1683:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
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1643:
1640:
1637:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
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1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1492:
1488:
1487:
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1475:
1472:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1205:Czech Republic
1194:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
993:
989:
988:
986:
984:
982:
979:
976:
973:
960:
956:
955:
953:
951:
949:
946:
943:
940:
927:
923:
922:
920:
918:
916:
913:
910:
907:
894:
890:
889:
887:
885:
883:
880:
877:
874:
861:
857:
856:
854:
852:
850:
847:
844:
841:
828:
824:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
810:
807:
794:
790:
789:
787:
785:
783:
780:
777:
774:
761:
757:
756:
750:
744:
735:
729:
723:
717:
714:
711:
710:
694:
691:
690:
689:
682:
679:
678:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
658:
655:
652:
645:
638:
635:
627:
624:
580:
577:
403:
400:
358:United Kingdom
291:
288:
198:
197:
188:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
172:
171:
168:
163:
160:
157:
156:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
117:Region served
116:
113:
112:
110:
109:
103:
101:
97:
96:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6773:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6723:
6721:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6332:
6326:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6276:
6274:
6270:Transnational
6268:
6260:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6219:United States
6217:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6204:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6177:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5995:
5994:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5686:Côte d'Ivoire
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5532:
5528:
5521:
5516:
5514:
5509:
5507:
5502:
5501:
5498:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5479:
5470:
5465:
5457:
5454:
5441:
5434:
5428:
5425:
5414:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5396:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5383:Physics Today
5380:
5374:
5371:
5360:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5336:
5332:
5325:
5322:
5311:
5307:
5300:
5297:
5286:
5279:
5276:
5264:
5260:
5254:
5251:
5246:
5242:
5238:
5234:
5230:
5226:
5219:
5216:
5211:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5186:(10): 10–11.
5185:
5181:
5180:Physics Today
5177:
5170:
5168:
5164:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5139:
5132:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5096:
5089:
5086:
5081:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5053:
5052:Physics Today
5046:
5043:
5032:on 2019-10-14
5031:
5027:
5021:
5018:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4993:
4992:Physics Today
4986:
4983:
4978:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4947:Physics Today
4944:
4937:
4934:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4901:
4898:
4893:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4874:
4871:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4837:Physics Today
4831:
4828:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4802:Physics Today
4796:
4793:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4750:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4718:
4715:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4681:Physics Today
4675:
4672:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4638:Physics Today
4632:
4629:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4595:Physics Today
4589:
4586:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4552:Physics Today
4546:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4515:(11): 30–33.
4514:
4510:
4509:Physics Today
4503:
4500:
4489:
4485:
4479:
4476:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4452:
4441:
4434:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4407:
4400:
4397:
4387:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4347:
4342:
4336:
4332:
4331:
4323:
4320:
4309:on 2019-03-26
4308:
4304:
4298:
4295:
4290:
4288:9780198878681
4284:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4265:
4254:on 2019-11-01
4250:
4246:
4239:
4233:
4230:
4219:
4215:
4209:
4206:
4201:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4153:
4150:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4132:
4127:
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1037:China-Beijing
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385:R.A. Millikan
382:
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362:United States
359:
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347:
343:
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319:
314:
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307:
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300:Royal Society
298:, and of the
297:
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68:
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64:International
62:
58:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
23:
6481:
6330:associations
6234:Vatican City
6096:South Africa
6061:Saudi Arabia
5637:Burkina Faso
5456:
5444:. Retrieved
5439:
5427:
5416:. Retrieved
5412:
5403:
5386:
5382:
5373:
5362:. Retrieved
5358:
5349:
5338:. Retrieved
5335:CERN Courier
5334:
5324:
5313:. Retrieved
5309:
5299:
5288:. Retrieved
5278:
5267:. Retrieved
5265:. 2019-11-13
5263:CERN Courier
5262:
5253:
5228:
5224:
5218:
5183:
5179:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5055:
5051:
5045:
5034:. Retrieved
5030:the original
5020:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4950:
4946:
4936:
4911:
4907:
4900:
4880:
4873:
4840:
4836:
4830:
4805:
4801:
4795:
4762:
4758:
4752:
4727:
4723:
4717:
4687:(7): 62–63.
4684:
4680:
4674:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4601:(9): 28–29.
4598:
4594:
4588:
4558:(9): 32–33.
4555:
4551:
4545:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4491:. Retrieved
4487:
4478:
4467:. Retrieved
4463:
4454:
4443:. Retrieved
4433:
4405:
4399:
4389:, retrieved
4359:
4349:
4329:
4322:
4311:. Retrieved
4307:the original
4297:
4274:
4267:
4256:. Retrieved
4249:the original
4244:
4232:
4221:. Retrieved
4217:
4208:
4165:
4161:
4152:
4143:
4134:
4104:(9): 23–28.
4101:
4097:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4013:(6): 20–30.
4010:
4006:
4000:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3903:. Retrieved
3899:
3890:
3858:
3819:
3815:
3795:
3792:"Contact us"
3786:
3774:. Retrieved
3769:
3760:
3722:(5): 53–55.
3719:
3715:
3673:
3649:Michel Spiro
3536:Alan Astbury
3244:Soviet Union
3038:Nationality
3025:
3021:
2958:
2956:Soviet Union
2922:
2825:East Germany
2495:
2399:South Africa
2233:Saudi Arabia
1071:China-Taipei
753:
747:
742:be a member
741:
738:
732:
726:
720:
700:
696:
662:Kennedy Reed
629:
620:
616:
615:
611:
607:
606:
602:
598:
597:
593:
589:
588:
585:
582:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
530:
529:
523:
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
487:
481:
475:
469:
463:
457:
451:
445:
439:
432:
426:
420:
414:
410:
409:
405:
395:
393:
381:O.M. Corbino
377:M. Brillouin
370:
315:
308:
293:
277:
270:
266:
207:
203:
201:
154:Michel Spiro
127:Membership
86:Headquarters
70:Legal status
34:Abbreviation
6140:Switzerland
6135:Switzerland
6024:Philippines
5977:New Zealand
5972:Netherlands
5853:South Korea
5848:North Korea
5716:El Salvador
3129:Netherlands
2498:Switzerland
2066:Philippines
1933:New Zealand
1900:Netherlands
739:ceasing to
354:Switzerland
334:Netherlands
262:Switzerland
107:Switzerland
6720:Categories
6546:Affiliated
6328:Unions and
6229:Uzbekistan
6150:Tajikistan
6076:Seychelles
5957:Mozambique
5947:Montenegro
5900:Madagascar
5895:Luxembourg
5838:Kazakhstan
5681:Costa Rica
5578:Bangladesh
5573:Azerbaijan
5469:2311.02141
5418:2024-03-25
5364:2024-03-25
5340:2024-03-25
5315:2024-03-25
5290:2024-03-25
5269:2021-03-23
5144:(1): 3–8.
5036:2019-10-14
4998:(11): 74.
4493:2020-04-19
4469:2019-03-26
4445:2023-10-21
4391:2024-03-04
4313:2019-03-26
4258:2020-04-24
4223:2021-10-16
4140:"About Us"
3927:(12): 11.
3905:2022-11-24
3699:References
3622:2017–2020
3599:2014–2017
3576:2011–2014
3555:2008–2011
3532:2005–2008
3509:2002–2005
2994:Yugoslavia
1105:Costa Rica
752:Rejoining
746:Rejoining
389:H. Abraham
373:W.H. Bragg
178:Main organ
161:Key people
6239:Venezuela
6113:Sri Lanka
6081:Singapore
5915:Mauritius
5890:Lithuania
5793:Indonesia
5766:Guatemala
5563:Australia
5553:Argentina
5245:2251-158X
5210:0031-9228
5123:153748589
5115:0036-8075
5080:0031-9228
5012:0031-9228
4977:0031-9228
4953:(7): 72.
4928:0038-5670
4865:0031-9228
4843:(4): 79.
4822:0031-9228
4779:0080-4606
4765:: 39–54.
4744:0031-9112
4709:0031-9228
4666:0031-9228
4623:0031-9228
4580:0031-9228
4537:0031-9228
4488:iupap.org
4464:iupap.org
4245:iupap.org
4192:0028-0836
4126:0031-9228
4078:0031-9228
4035:0031-9228
3992:0031-9228
3970:(9): 88.
3949:0031-9228
3836:0953-8585
3752:122968286
3744:0031-9228
3645:2020–2024
3616:Australia
3486:1999–2002
3465:1996–1999
3444:1993–1996
3421:1990–1993
3398:1987–1990
3363:1984–1987
3340:1981–1984
3319:1978–1981
3296:1975–1978
3273:1972–1975
3250:1969–1972
3227:1966–1969
3204:1963–1966
3181:1960–1963
3158:1957–1960
3135:1951–1957
3112:1947–1951
3089:1934–1947
3066:1931–1934
3043:1922–1931
3035:President
2300:Singapore
1834:Lithuania
1073:(Taiwan)
839:Australia
805:Argentina
149:President
121:Worldwide
42:Formation
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