576:
The ISK never had more than 300 members, largely because of the strict requirements for membership. These members were organized into 32 local groups. However, its political work involved sympathizers, between 600 and 1,000 in 1933. A survey in 1929 revealed that 85% of ISK members were under 35
380:. The ISK had destroyed all written party records and until 1938, remained undetected, while the larger parties, the KPD and SPD, were being battered by massive arrests. The ISK was therefore able to continue its resistance work, helping political refugees leave the country, conducting
269:
was added, and in April, a small circulation quarterly in
English was added as well. It was usually eight pages and editions ran an average of 5,000 to 6,000 copies. Nelson moved his main published works there as well, his philosophical and political series
400:
on May 19, 1935. The night before Hitler's trip to inaugurate the new highway, ISK activists wrote anti-Hitler slogans, such as "Hitler = War" and "Down with Hitler", on all the bridges along the route between
812:
Die
Geschichte des Internationalen Jugend-Bundes (IJB) und des Internationalen Sozialistischen Kampf-Bundes (ISK). Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung in der Weimarer Republik und im Dritten
561:
Members were to abstain from nicotine, alcohol and meat, were to be absolutely punctual and orderly, and because of the anti-clerical position of the organization, withdrawal from church affiliation was
553:
The ISK never set out to amass a large membership, but rather to become an active and hard-hitting organization. Membership requirements for prospective candidates included adherence to a certain
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Ethik des
Widerstands. Der Kampf des Internationalen Sozialistischen Kampfbundes (ISK) gegen den Nationalsozialismus. Quellen und Texte zum Widerstand aus der Arbeiterbewegung 1933-1945
426:, which were then smuggled into Germany. Because of their factual and unpolemical reporting, these were valued by various members of the German Resistance. The ISK was linked with the
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820:„Um etwas zu erreichen, muss man sich etwas vornehmen, von dem man glaubt, dass es unmöglich sei“. Der Internationale Sozialistische Kampfbund (ISK) und seine Publikationen
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in order to thwart further gains by the Nazis, it was signed by 33 leading German intellectuals, including scientists Albert
Einstein, Franz Oppenheimer,
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722:"Sozialistische Europapläne während des 2. Weltkriegs am Beispiel des Internationalen Sozialistischen Kampf-Bundes und der Socialist Vanguard Group"
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and distributing leaflets. In 1938, however, a wave of arrests hit the ISK. A main focus of the work was the attempt to build a clandestine
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Participation in a trade union, the ISK and the labor movement was general requirement for members (eliminating passive membership)
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Zwei Nelson-Bünde: Internationaler Jugend-Bund (IJB) und
Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampf-Bund (ISK) im Licht neuer Quellen
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Widerstehen und
Mitgestalten. Ein Querdenker erinnert sich. Herausgegeben von Christiane Rix unter Mitarbeit von Thomas John.
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652:"Minna Specht: Politische und pädagogische Arbeit", Philosophisch-Politische Akademie e.V. Retrieved July 1, 2010
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city council member from the SPD. Eichler, who was chairman of the ISK for many years, represented the SPD in the
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With the growing electoral success of the Nazis at the end of the Weimar
Republic, the ISK founded the newspaper,
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Ethischer
Sozialismus und soziale Demokratie. Der politische Weg Willi Eichlers vom ISK zur SPD. Bonn 1988
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Internet
Publication für General and Integrative Psychotherapy (October 16, 2006) Retrieved July 2, 2010
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teacher, had long wanted to teach at a university and also work politically. He advocated a brand of
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880:(Fotomech. Wiedergabe am Ende der Einleitung des Gedenkartikels für den Nelson-Schüler und -Freund
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Ideas about Europe in the German and French
Resistance to National Socialism from 1933/40 to 1945
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Instead of a membership fee, there was a "Party tax," which all members with an income over 150
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From 1924 to 1933, the ISK (and its forerunner, the ISYL) maintained its rural school, the
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701:(PDF) Dissertation in two files (abstract in English at the end of file 2), pp. 51-52
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Eichler also published a monthly magazine from 1946 until his death in 1971,
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Der Internationale Sozialistische Kampfbund und seine Publikationen
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from 1949 to 1953 and is considered one of the main authors of the
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518:("Parliamentary Council") and was involved in writing the postwar
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Karl Kaiser, and which, after Nelson's death, was continued by
683:, No. 147 A, Berlin (June 25, 1932). Retrieved July 6, 2010
665:"Fate and work of a Jewish psychiatrist and psychotherapist"
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film produced of the event had to be edited numerous times.
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Skandal bei Freigabe des 1. Reichsautobahnabschnittes 1935
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was elected to the Bundestag several times, served in the
392:("Independent Socialist Union"), which also supported the
329:. It appeared in the newspaper and on placards all over
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Arbeitsgemeinschaft ehemals verfolgter Sozialdemokraten
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to confront the situation. Of particular note was the "
841:
Gedenkartikel zur Mitbegründerin des ISK Minna Specht
557:
that were more stringent than for the major parties.
512:, who was in the ISK until 1939, was a member of the
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that was ethically motivated, anti-clerical and anti-
333:. Calling for unity and support of the SPD and the
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105:
95:
85:
70:
55:
41:
33:
21:
172:[ɪntɐnatsjoˈnaːlɐzotsjaˈlɪstɪʃɐˈkampfbʊnt]
504:and from 1958 to 1962, was vice president of the
175:, "International Socialist Militant League") or
705:, Faculty of Humanities. Retrieved July 9, 2010
261:The ISK took over the ISYL's publishing label,
219:. Nelson and Specht had previously founded the
207:(ISK) was a political organization founded by
861:- Tageszeitung für Recht, Freiheit und Kultur
748:Verlag C.H. Beck, Munich (2000) pp. 120-121.
8:
394:Internationale Transport Workers' Federation
242:, but also undemocratic and included strict
607:, both of which were banned by the Nazis.
603:and from 1931 to 1933, its own newspaper,
584:1922–1927, Leonard Nelson and Minna Specht
18:
587:1927–1945, Willi Eichler and Minna Specht
580:Chairmen of the ISK (formerly, the ISYL)
205:Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund
164:Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund
27:Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund
958:Political parties disestablished in 1945
878:Plakat des "Dringenden Appells" des ISK.
491:from 1970 to 1976. Hamburger ISK member
485:state government for many years and was
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714:
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390:Unabhängige Sozialistische Gewerkschaft
24:International Socialist Militant League
938:Defunct organisations based in Germany
953:Political parties established in 1925
416:In exile, the ISK also published the
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7:
221:International Socialist Youth League
677:"Dringender Appell für die Einheit"
617:List of Germans who resisted Nazism
432:Internationale Militante Socialiste
179:was a socialist split-off from the
948:Socialist organisations in Germany
100:Social Democratic Party of Germany
90:Social Democratic Party of Germany
14:
933:1945 disestablishments in Germany
457:One prominent member of the ISK,
372:The ISK continued to work in the
323:Dringender Appell für die Einheit
223:in 1917, which was supported by
928:1925 establishments in Germany
904:Archiv der Sozialen Demokratie
865:Archiv der sozialen Demokratie
834:Geschichten von der Walkemühle
745:Geschichte des Dritten Reiches
625:, British affiliate of the ISK
595:in the Adelshausen quarter of
409:, where he was to travel. The
16:Political party in Germany
1:
863:Digitalisierter Bestand beim
643:About the founding of the ISK
308:and Minna Specht until 1937.
890:, schärfer bei Vergrößerung)
787:18 (1982), H. 3, S. 310-360.
619:for other Germans in the ISK
943:German resistance to Nazism
532:Federal Republic of Germany
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902:Zum ISK-Aktenbestand beim
869:Friedrich Ebert Foundation
543:Europäische Verlagsanstalt
450:, chairman of the ISK and
327:July 1932 federal election
522:, including the right to
420:("Reinhart Letters") and
280:’schen Schule, Neue Folge
274:and his 1904 treatises, "
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909:Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
884:, isolierte Darstellung
756:Retrieved July 14, 2010
623:Socialist Vanguard Group
428:Socialist Vanguard Group
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703:University of Stuttgart
256:Social Democratic Party
127:Political position
837:von Rudolf Giesselmann
524:conscientious objector
438:ISK members after 1945
187:and was active in the
803:Sabine Lemke-Müller:
790:Sabine Lemke-Müller:
515:Parlamentarischer Rat
319:Urgent Call for Unity
845:Inge Hansen-Schaberg
815:Meisenheim/Gl. 1964.
725:University of Vienna
720:Thomas Tretzmüller,
481:was a member of the
423:Sozialistische Warte
376:after the 1933 Nazi
282:", re-reasoned with
772:Hellmut Kalbitzer:
506:European Parliament
430:in England and the
142:Politics of Germany
854:von Heiner Lindner
695:Frédéric Stephan,
648:2007-09-27 at the
526:status in the new
287:Gerhard Hessenberg
272:Öffentliches Leben
263:Öffentliches Leben
779:Karl-Heinz Klär:
555:ethical socialism
545:until the 1960s.
493:Hellmut Kalbitzer
488:Ministerpräsident
475:Godesberg Program
467:Frankfurt am Main
403:Frankfurt am Main
369:and many others.
325:) regarding the
306:Franz Oppenheimer
276:Abhandlungen der
246:and a defense of
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252:Communist Party
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367:Arnold Zweig
363:Ernst Toller
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291:physiologist
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227:. Nelson, a
217:Minna Specht
211:philosopher
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163:
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120:Anti-Marxism
50:Minna Specht
34:Abbreviation
898:von A. Pilz
822:. Bonn 2006
758:(in German)
729:(in German)
707:(in German)
685:(in German)
654:(in German)
570:Reichsmarks
459:Ludwig Gehm
434:in France.
386:trade union
351:Kurt Hiller
339:Emil Gumbel
303:sociologist
295:Nobel Prize
229:neo-Kantian
183:during the
922:Categories
630:References
593:Walkemühle
572:had to pay
374:resistance
349:, writers
258:in 1925.
232:hochschule
859:Der Funke
681:Der Funke
605:Der Funke
597:Melsungen
562:mandatory
549:Structure
471:Bundestag
407:Darmstadt
314:Der Funke
267:Esperanto
236:socialism
209:Göttingen
152:Elections
132:Left-wing
71:Dissolved
646:Archived
611:See also
465:) and a
382:sabotage
191:against
107:Ideology
42:Founders
530:of the
497:Hamburg
297:winner
240:Marxist
199:History
168:German:
76: (
61: (
56:Founded
813:Reich.
796:
783:, in:
752:
679:(PDF)
442:After
388:, the
331:Berlin
193:Nazism
601:Hesse
278:Fries
913:Bonn
907:der
887:hier
873:Bonn
867:der
794:ISBN
750:ISBN
528:laws
405:and
365:and
289:and
203:The
162:The
78:1945
74:1945
63:1925
59:1925
911:in
871:in
843:by
785:IWK
378:ban
335:KPD
321:" (
181:SPD
177:ISK
37:ISK
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713:^
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