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Several seals have been found regarding her business transactions. It is described how she distributed her goods and food rations to her staff and how she supervised the management of her vast land holdings. She travelled widely around Iran and
Mesopotamia with her own entourage of servants.
53:. She is the most notable example of Persian women of this era who owned land and estates in Iran as well as outside Iran such as Babylonia, Syria, Egypt, and Media. She mainly dealt in wine and grain and oversaw business holdings, production centers and her estates.
37:
It is not clear exactly who
Irdabama was, but she was clearly very rich. She has been suggested to be of aristocratic or royal birth. It is also possible that she was in fact two different women. Llewellyn-Jones suggests she descended from a family of
26:(r. 522–485 BC). She is the most well known and wealthiest businesswoman attested to in the records of the Achaemenid Empire at Persepolis. According to
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She possessed her own work forces, include 480 laborers, mainly centered in what is today
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22:(fl. early 5th-century BC), was an Ancient Persian businesswoman during the reign of
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From Cyrus to
Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire
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Women in
Antiquity: Real Women across the Ancient World
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107:King and Court in Ancient Persia 559 to 331 BCE
8:
184:Stephanie Lynn Budin, Jean Macintosh Turfa:
110:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 112.
34:indicate that Darius' mother was Irdabama.
16:Early 5th-century BC Persian businesswoman
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75:"Twelve Great Women of Ancient Persia"
140:. London: Headline Publishing Group.
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137:Persians: The Age of the Great Kings
30:(2013), recently uncovered texts in
163:Women in Ancient Persia: 559-331 BC
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134:(2022). "Crowns and Concubines".
242:Women from the Achaemenid Empire
73:Mark, J. J. (31 January 2020).
176:WOMEN i. In Pre-Islamic Persia
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222:5th-century BC Iranian people
217:6th-century BC Iranian people
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232:5th-century businesspeople
80:World History Encyclopedia
132:Llewellyn-Jones, Lloyd
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227:Ancient businesswomen
28:Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones
252:6th-century BC women
237:5th-century BC women
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257:People from Shiraz
247:Ancient landowners
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61:References
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86:April 23,
104:(2013).
20:Irdabama
40:Elamite
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51:Shiraz
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112:ISBN
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