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Irreducibility (mathematics)

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380: 243:-sphere). An irreducible manifold is thus prime, although the converse does not hold. From an algebraist's perspective, prime manifolds should be called "irreducible"; however, the topologist (in particular the 349: 223:, such as the category of differentiable manifolds or the category of piecewise-linear manifolds. The notions of irreducibility in algebra and manifold theory are related. An 247:
topologist) finds the definition above more useful. The only compact, connected 3-manifolds that are prime but not irreducible are the trivial 2-sphere bundle over
412: 417: 169:(that has more than one block of positive size). (Replacing non-zero entries in the matrix by one, and viewing the matrix as the 256: 388: 144: 182: 196:
if there is a non-zero probability of transitioning (even if in more than one step) from any state to any other state.
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incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
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of coefficients. It applies in various situations, for example to irreducibility of a
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as a composition of simpler structures using a product construction; for example
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includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names).
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if it is not the union of two proper closed subsets. This notion is used in
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with no nontrivial proper subrepresentations. Similarly, an
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are smaller than those in any other equivalent fraction.
395: 325: 343: 385:Index of articles associated with the same name 8: 215: − 1)-sphere bounds an embedded 335: 327: 326: 324: 40:if it cannot be factored over that field. 139:, that is, the topological space Spec 316:if it is irreducible and contains no 278:; it is not of much significance for 274:, where spaces are equipped with the 251:and the twisted 2-sphere bundle over 7: 362:(or fraction in lowest terms) is a 239:-manifolds (neither of which is an 114:; where it means just the same as 14: 413:Set index articles on mathematics 344:{\displaystyle \mathbb {R} P^{2}} 378: 257:Prime decomposition (3-manifold) 231:, if it cannot be written as a 1: 145:irreducible topological space 181:.) A detailed definition is 154:is irreducible if it is not 51:can be an abbreviation for 434: 377: 94:is a term applied to mean 73:irreducible representation 24:is used in several ways. 418:Mathematical terminology 303:subdirectly irreducible 167:upper triangular matrix 345: 135:is irreducible if its 92:Absolutely irreducible 84:is another name for a 61:irreducible polynomial 38:irreducible polynomial 353:real projective plane 346: 284:irreducible component 255:. See, for example, 108:linear representation 68:representation theory 360:irreducible fraction 323: 227:-manifold is called 116:irreducible over an 299:algebraic structure 126:commutative algebra 53:irreducible element 341: 272:algebraic geometry 179:strongly connected 82:irreducible module 389:set index article 295:universal algebra 288:algebraic variety 264:topological space 211:if any embedded ( 199:In the theory of 118:algebraic closure 112:algebraic variety 98:, even after any 59:; for example an 20:, the concept of 425: 399: 382: 350: 348: 347: 342: 340: 339: 330: 280:Hausdorff spaces 276:Zariski topology 171:adjacency matrix 130:commutative ring 100:finite extension 76:is a nontrivial 45:abstract algebra 433: 432: 428: 427: 426: 424: 423: 422: 403: 402: 401: 400: 393: 392: 386: 364:vulgar fraction 331: 321: 320: 57:integral domain 12: 11: 5: 431: 429: 421: 420: 415: 405: 404: 384: 383: 376: 375: 356: 338: 334: 329: 314:P²-irreducible 306: 291: 260: 197: 186: 175:directed graph 148: 137:prime spectrum 122: 89: 78:representation 64: 41: 22:irreducibility 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 430: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 408: 397: 396:internal link 390: 381: 373: 369: 366:in which the 365: 361: 357: 354: 336: 332: 319: 315: 311: 307: 304: 300: 296: 292: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 233:connected sum 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 207:-manifold is 206: 202: 198: 195: 191: 187: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 165: 161: 157: 153: 149: 146: 142: 138: 134: 131: 127: 123: 120: 119: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 90: 87: 86:simple module 83: 79: 75: 74: 69: 65: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 39: 35: 31: 27: 26: 25: 23: 19: 252: 248: 240: 236: 224: 216: 212: 204: 190:Markov chain 140: 132: 115: 81: 71: 48: 21: 15: 372:denominator 282:. See also 268:irreducible 209:irreducible 194:irreducible 160:permutation 110:, or of an 96:irreducible 49:irreducible 18:mathematics 407:Categories 310:3-manifold 245:3-manifold 183:given here 36:may be an 30:polynomial 368:numerator 201:manifolds 221:category 188:Also, a 143:, is an 318:2-sided 235:of two 156:similar 102:of the 32:over a 394:If an 158:via a 152:matrix 55:of an 387:This 229:prime 203:, an 173:of a 164:block 162:to a 104:field 70:, an 34:field 370:and 128:, a 358:An 312:is 293:In 266:is 192:is 124:In 66:In 43:In 16:In 409:: 355:). 308:A 286:, 262:A 150:A 47:, 28:A 351:( 337:2 333:P 328:R 305:. 290:. 259:. 253:S 249:S 241:n 237:n 225:n 217:n 213:n 205:n 185:. 147:. 141:R 133:R 121:. 88:. 63:.

Index

mathematics
polynomial
field
irreducible polynomial
abstract algebra
irreducible element
integral domain
irreducible polynomial
representation theory
irreducible representation
representation
simple module
Absolutely irreducible
irreducible
finite extension
field
linear representation
algebraic variety
algebraic closure
commutative algebra
commutative ring
prime spectrum
irreducible topological space
matrix
similar
permutation
block
upper triangular matrix
adjacency matrix
directed graph

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