97:). The populations of rabbits and house mice introduced Australia show irruptive growth, for example. A possible reason may be that after drought ends, they reproduce at a rapid rate while predator reproduction is still seasonal in occurrence. This allows for the population to explode and to be limited more by a return of dry conditions than by predators.
123:
Species that are r-strategist are more likely to exhibit irruptive growth than K-strategist species. r-selection leads to high productivity, while K-selection leads to high efficiency. Productivity refers to the number of offspring produced, whereas efficiency refers to the probability of survival of
73:
with more than one species feeding on a certain resource, the populations of certain species can irrupt in non-predictable ways depending upon the complex feedback mechanisms caused by competition. A species population may sometimes irrupt when predators are removed, or when favourable weather causes
81:
even as the population density doubles three or four times. The deer are able to irrupt because the species is able to double its population yearly and populations show delayed response to density-dependent factors, in other words -the females remain just as fertile despite having lower body weights
135:
and most plants, have very large numbers of offspring, the majority of which will die before reaching physical maturity. If there is a change in their environment, more of these offspring may survive than is typical, leading to irruptive growth. Because K-strategist species have less offspring they
101:
which can reproduce rapidly may show this pattern of growth because when a new area is being colonized predator species are often not present to limit growth, and there is little intraspecific and/or interspecific competition in early settlement of a location which means there is abundant resource
57:, but in species which exhibit irruptive growth this is especially rapid. Populations of some species initially show a lack of response to density-dependent factors that limit population size as it nears the
48:
Irruptive growth occurs when a species reproduces rapidly. It is especially common in large herbivores, such as pronghorn or elk (red deer), which have high fecundity and delayed density-dependent effects on
131:
is K-strategist; that is, each mating pair has a small number of offspring, of which the majority will survive to adulthood and reach reproductive age. r-strategist species, such as some
116:
Species that are r-strategist (species that evolve according to r-selection) are characterized by rapid development, early reproduction, small body size, and shorter lifespans, whereas
65:. The exhibition of irruptive growth is dependent on a number of elements including resource availability, degree of both interspecific and intraspecific competition, and strength of
93:. In cases where a single herbivore prey species is dominant in an ecosystem, there is likely to be a strong link with predator species which serves to control the population (see
89:
Irruptive growth patterns are also seen in mammal herbivores with a relatively small body size, or such creatures in Arctic ecosystems which are subject to
120:
species (species that evolve according to K-selection) exhibit slow development, delayed reproduction, large body size, and longer lifespans.
308:
41:
often display irruptive growth, but with a predictable pattern of subsequent decline. It is a phenomenon typically associated with
33:
is a growth pattern over time, defined by a sudden rapid growth in the population of an organism. Irruptive growth is studied in
94:
178:
White, P. J.; Bruggeman, Jason E.; Robert A., Garrott (2007). "Irruptive population dynamics in
Yellowstone pronghorn".
330:
62:
225:
216:
Boutin, Stan (1995). "Testing predator-prey theory by studying fluctuating populations of small mammals".
50:
150:
117:
111:
42:
230:
155:
274:
34:
304:
195:
145:
58:
54:
266:
235:
187:
98:
90:
38:
255:"Irruptive potential in roe deer: Density-dependent effects on body mass and fertility"
83:
324:
254:
77:
Similar to white-tailed deer in North
America, roe deer in Europe have shown similar
66:
17:
78:
70:
199:
278:
239:
191:
132:
270:
128:
27:
Population dynamics model characterized by sharp booms and busts
299:Vandermeer, John H.; Goldberg, Deborah E. (2003).
253:Andersen, Reidar; Linnell, John D. C. (2000).
136:are less likely to exhibit irruptive growth.
8:
211:
209:
173:
171:
82:and other characteristics affiliated with
229:
167:
106:K-strategist and r-strategist species
7:
301:Population Ecology: First Principles
74:food supplies to rapidly increase.
259:The Journal of Wildlife Management
25:
303:. Princeton University Press.
1:
347:
109:
95:Lotka–Volterra equations
180:Ecological Applications
53:. All populations show
124:individual offspring.
151:Ecological overshoot
112:r/K selection theory
156:Population planning
331:Population ecology
69:relationships. In
35:population ecology
240:10.1071/WR9950089
218:Wildlife Research
192:10.1890/06-2032.1
146:Population growth
91:population cycles
59:carrying capacity
39:Population cycles
18:Irruptive species
16:(Redirected from
338:
315:
314:
296:
290:
289:
287:
285:
250:
244:
243:
233:
213:
204:
203:
186:(6): 1598–1606.
175:
99:Invasive species
31:Irruptive growth
21:
346:
345:
341:
340:
339:
337:
336:
335:
321:
320:
319:
318:
311:
298:
297:
293:
283:
281:
271:10.2307/3802739
252:
251:
247:
231:10.1.1.575.6975
215:
214:
207:
177:
176:
169:
164:
142:
114:
108:
55:logistic growth
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
344:
342:
334:
333:
323:
322:
317:
316:
309:
291:
265:(3): 698–706.
245:
205:
166:
165:
163:
160:
159:
158:
153:
148:
141:
138:
110:Main article:
107:
104:
102:availability.
84:overpopulation
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
343:
332:
329:
328:
326:
312:
310:0-691-11440-4
306:
302:
295:
292:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
249:
246:
241:
237:
232:
227:
224:(1): 89–100.
223:
219:
212:
210:
206:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
174:
172:
168:
161:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
143:
139:
137:
134:
130:
129:human species
125:
121:
119:
113:
105:
103:
100:
96:
92:
87:
85:
80:
75:
72:
68:
67:predator-prey
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
44:
43:r-strategists
40:
36:
32:
19:
300:
294:
282:. Retrieved
262:
258:
248:
221:
217:
183:
179:
126:
122:
118:K-strategist
115:
88:
76:
47:
30:
29:
284:17 November
63:environment
51:recruitment
162:References
71:ecosystems
226:CiteSeerX
79:fecundity
325:Category
200:17913126
140:See also
279:3802739
133:insects
61:of the
307:
277:
228:
198:
275:JSTOR
305:ISBN
286:2020
196:PMID
127:The
267:doi
236:doi
188:doi
327::
273:.
263:64
261:.
257:.
234:.
222:22
220:.
208:^
194:.
184:17
182:.
170:^
86:.
45:.
37:.
313:.
288:.
269::
242:.
238::
202:.
190::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.