47:
405:
but for 'services in connection with the war' - a recognition of his work supporting the 1914-18 British war effort. This will have included keeping the Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh going despite the severe shortage of manpower and materials and being involved in the Timber Supply Department setup
419:
These undoubtably saved many lives and towards the end of the war over one million such dressings a month were being used by
British hospitals. Their effectiveness relied on the acidic antiseptic properties of dried sphagnum (first recognised in Germany in the late 19th Century) and its capacious
385:
and editorial colleague at Annals of Botany. Balfour put the
Edinburgh Garden’s finances on a safer footing by transferring them to the Crown, engaging in a major structural reforms of the Garden, establishing a botanical institute, and redeveloping the layout of the gardens to create a proper
132:
Major reform of the Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh including establishing a botanical institute and redeveloping the facilities and layout of the Garden. Founding the botanical journal ‘Annals of Botany’ and championing the use of surgical dressings of dried sphagnum moss in the First World
279:
from 1864 to 1870. At this early stage his interests and abilities were in the biological sciences, which were taught to him by his father. Due to his father's post as
Professor of Botany at Edinburgh, the young Balfour was able to visit the
299:, Balfour used the opportunity to investigate the local flora, and on his return, the fieldwork he had carried out permitted him to gain his doctorate in botany in 1875. Concurrent medical studies, including working as a wound dresser at
410:
t, in persuading the War Office to adopt sphagnum moss bandaging in military hospitals and in identifying the best species to use and where to find them. The outcome was millions of wound dressings made from dried and sterilised
372:
It was, however, after his return to
Edinburgh to take up his father's old chair as Professor of Botany from 1888 to 1922 that Balfour left his lasting mark on Scottish botany, following his appointment as 9th
1304:
595:, the first outstation of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. In 1968 the Bayley Balfour Memorial Hut was restored, and moved to a new site in the walled garden of Benmore House.
406:
to maintain supplies of timber during the hostilities and re-establish
Britain’s forests after the war. Of greater significance was Balfour’s success, shared with his friend
528:
394:
374:
361:, Balfour founded an English language journal for experimental and observational botany entitled 'Annals of Botany' in collaboration with other young botanists most notably
205:
31:
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291:, from which he graduated in 1873 with a BSc (1st Class) in Natural Science. In 1874 he participated in an astronomical expedition of 1874 to
1259:
1181:
221:
353:. and in the same year married Agnes Boyd Balloch. It was about this time, inspired by the kind of experimental botany he experienced at
338:
591:, which dedicated the area around the glen to the memory of Sir Isaac, while the central part of the estate was opened in 1929 as the
747:
377:. His father had greatly enlarged the botanical gardens during his tenure, but Balfour completely transformed them with support from
1019:
1101:
1198:
685:
487:
456:
229:
1120:
443:.. His only son, also named Isaac Bayley, or ‘Bay’, was killed in 1915 while serving in the First World War at Gallipoli.
584:
334:
300:
691:
435:
In 1884 he married Agnes Boyd
Balloch. Their daughter Isabel Marion Agnes (Senga) Bayley Balfour, married the diplomat
378:
496:
459:
by sending him his plant illustrations together with the field notes, botanical specimens and seeds he had collected.
281:
209:
34:
382:
572:
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184:
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583:, with wooden panels using every variety of timber grown at Benmore. It also commemorated the contribution of
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111:
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Balfour's interest in Sino-Himalayan plants also put him in contact with botanist and plant collector
319:
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350:
257:
233:
568:
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362:
249:
152:
921:
326:. He later went on to translate some of their textbooks into English for The Clarendon Press (now
1151:
926:
794:
779:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character
710:
606:
477:
1877: Awarded
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery degree (MB, ChB), University of Edinburgh
440:
468:
1873: Awarded Bachelor of Science degree (BSc) with first class honours, University of Edinburgh
1124:
845:"One hundred and twenty five years of Annals of Botany. Part 1: the first 50 years (1887-1936)"
1177:
874:
786:
681:
600:
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family, and in 1928 he had the Bayley Balfour Memorial Hut, dedicated to Sir Isaac, placed in
276:
649:
627:
337:(1836–1887) was appointed in his place, and the younger Balfour was promoted to the chair of
307:
the famous antisepsis pioneer, led him to graduate as a medical doctor with honours in 1877.
954:
864:
856:
825:
366:
252:, also a botanist, and Marion Spottiswood Bayley, and was born at home, 27 Inverleith Row,
974:"Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour (1853-1922). Botanics Stories - Remembering the First World War"
751:
722:
522:
452:
346:
169:
998:
420:
ability to absorb up to twenty times its own volume of blood and other bodily liquids.
869:
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580:
576:
560:
844:
1223:
813:
518:
436:
304:
46:
1206:
1201:; William Rogers Fisher; Percy Groom; Isaac Bayley Balfour (1903). Translation of
598:
Balfour is commemorated in the scientific name of a species of Socotran lizard,
775:"Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour (with portrait) Obituary Notices of Fellows Deceased"
973:
896:
790:
471:
1873–1878: Appointed Lecturer in Botany, Royal Veterinary College, Edinburgh
424:
387:
292:
253:
87:
68:
878:
534:
1921: Awarded Honorary Doctor of Laws degree (LLD), University of Edinburgh
958:
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860:
674:
Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783–2002: Part 1 (A–J)
217:
122:
342:
341:
in Glasgow from 1879 to 1885. He also went on to lead an expedition to
333:
In 1879, his father resigned the chair at Edinburgh, Glasgow professor
1146:
798:
774:
587:, a previous owner of the estate. The woodland was taken over by the
474:
1875: Awarded Doctor of Science degree (DSc), University of Edinburgh
310:
Between 1877 and 1879 Balfour also spent time at the universities in
943:"Isaac Bayley Balfour, Sphagnum moss, and the Great War (1914-1918)"
296:
514:
1901: Awarded Doctor of Laws degree (LLD), University of Glasgow
37:
492:
1884: Awarded Master of Arts degree (MA), University of Oxford
1176:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp.
504:
1888: Appointed Professor of Botany, University of Edinburgh
483:
1879: Appointed Professor of Botany, University of Glasgow
455:. Farrer provided valuable information to Balfour and the
369:
remains one of the world’s leading plant science journals
365:. Appearing in 1887 and published by the Clarendon Press,
501:
1884: Appointed Professor of Botany, University of Oxford
1172:
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011).
897:"Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour (1853-1923) - an appreciation"
571:
was gifted to the nation by Harry George Younger of the
390:, new laboratories and improved scientific facilities.
480:
1877: Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
295:. Though the stated aim of the mission was to observe
1305:
Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
1147:"Benmore House, Walled Garden, Puck's Hut (214784)"
666:
664:
662:
555:is used to indicate this person as the author when
529:
Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
375:
Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
183:
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128:
118:
103:
95:
75:
53:
23:
901:Botanics Stories. - Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
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738:
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236:from 1884 to 1888, and Professor of Botany at the
216:(31 March 1853 – 30 November 1922) was a Scottish
1203:Pflanzen-geographie auf physiologischer Grundlage
1020:"Balfour, Isaac Bayley - Lieutenant/Royal Scots"
671:C D Waterston; A Macmillan Shearer (July 2006).
401:. The knighthood was not for services to botany
1125:"Benmore (Younger Botanic Garden) (GDL00056)"
8:
1069:THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1836–1936
1208:Plant-geography Upon a Physiological Basis
1024:Winchester College at War - Roll of Honour
930:(Supplement). 30 March 1920. p. 3758.
45:
20:
1270:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
868:
1295:Academics of the University of Edinburgh
653:The International Who's Who in the World
463:Honours, qualifications and appointments
318:with the influential plant physiologist
619:
486:1880–1882, 1904–1906: President of the
1275:Academics of the University of Glasgow
718:
708:
284:, not open to the public at the time.
1255:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
7:
1250:People educated at Edinburgh Academy
890:
888:
814:"The origin of the Annals of Botany"
1265:Victoria Medal of Honour recipients
345:in 1880. In 1884, he was appointed
339:Regius Professor of Botany, Glasgow
830:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085508
256:. His mother was granddaughter of
14:
1174:The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles
379:Sir William Turner Thiselton Dyer
1205:by William Rogers Fisher (ed.).
604:. and of the Socotran butterfly
1290:Sherardian Professors of Botany
1280:University of Strasbourg alumni
1245:19th-century Scottish botanists
1240:20th-century Scottish botanists
1199:Schimper, Andreas Franz Wilhelm
1145:Historic Environment Scotland.
1102:International Plant Names Index
978:Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
488:Botanical Society of Edinburgh
457:Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
399:1920 civilian war honours list
347:Sherardian Professor of Botany
230:Sherardian Professor of Botany
1:
1285:University of Würzburg alumni
1121:Historic Environment Scotland
1048:. North Craven Heritage Trust
999:"Isabel Marion Agnes Balfour"
511:, Royal Horticultural Society
1260:Fellows of the Royal Society
1075:. p. 15. Archived from
1046:"REGINALD FARRER OF CLAPHAM"
423:Balfour died at Court Hill,
275:Balfour was educated at the
185:Author abbrev. (botany)
947:Archives of Natural History
843:Jackson, Michael B (2015).
497:Fellow of the Royal Society
282:Edinburgh Botanical Gardens
1321:
748:"Biographical Information"
222:Regius Professor of Botany
579:. It was designed by Sir
383:Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
301:Edinburgh Royal Infirmary
263:He was the cousin of Sir
195:
176:
157:Marion Spottiswood Bayley
44:
750:. NAHSTE. Archived from
509:Victoria Medal of Honour
202:Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour
1044:Hobson, Amanda (1992).
628:"BALFOUR, Isaac Bayley"
328:Oxford University Press
289:University of Edinburgh
287:Balfour studied at the
238:University of Edinburgh
108:University of Edinburgh
593:Younger Botanic Garden
324:Heinrich Anton de Bary
322:and plant pathologist
1184:. ("Balfour", p. 15).
959:10.3366/anh.2015.0274
408:Charles Walker Cathar
265:James Crichton-Browne
226:University of Glasgow
168:Linnean Medal of the
112:University of Glasgow
972:Paterson, L (2015).
941:Ayres, P.G. (2015).
895:Paterson, L (2021).
754:on 27 September 2007
393:Balfour was awarded
351:University of Oxford
258:George Husband Baird
234:University of Oxford
28:Isaac Bayley Balfour
650:"BALFOUR, Isaac B."
589:Forestry Commission
546:author abbreviation
413:Sphagnum papillosum
363:Sydney Howard Vines
250:John Hutton Balfour
240:from 1888 to 1922.
228:from 1879 to 1885,
153:John Hutton Balfour
67:27 Inverleith Row,
927:The London Gazette
861:10.1093/aob/mcu220
812:Wilson, K (1978).
697:on 24 January 2013
607:Charaxes balfourii
447:Specific interests
441:Anthony John Aglen
439:and was mother to
381:, Director of the
248:He was the son of
141:Agnes Boyd Balloch
1182:978-1-4214-0135-5
773:Prain, D (1924).
601:Mesalina balfouri
335:Alexander Dickson
277:Edinburgh Academy
199:
198:
178:Scientific career
16:Scottish botanist
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1082:on 11 March 2017
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1018:Unknown (2024).
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849:Annals of Botany
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764:
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690:. Archived from
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553:
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367:Annals of Botany
357: and
320:Julius von Sachs
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79:30 November 1922
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21:
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1213:Clarendon Press
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785:(679): i–xvii.
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523:Linnean Society
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453:Reginald Farrer
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170:Linnean Society
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1192:External links
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824:(3): 741–745.
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719:|website=
686:
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655:: 69–70. 1912.
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581:Robert Lorimer
569:Benmore Estate
561:botanical name
540:
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527:1920: Awarded
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517:1919: Awarded
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507:1897: Awarded
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495:1884: Elected
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544:The standard
539:Commemoration
538:
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519:Linnean Medal
516:
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64:31 March 1853
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1300:Clan Balfour
1207:
1202:
1173:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1150:
1140:
1128:. Retrieved
1115:
1106:
1096:
1084:. Retrieved
1077:the original
1068:
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
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981:. Retrieved
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904:. Retrieved
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756:. Retrieved
752:the original
701:18 September
699:. Retrieved
692:the original
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585:James Duncan
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417:S. palustre.
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86:Court Hill,
81:(1922-11-30)
18:
1235:1922 deaths
1230:1853 births
1158:11 November
922:"No. 31840"
855:(1): 1–18.
638:: 83. 1907.
577:Puck's Glen
427:in Surrey.
96:Nationality
1224:Categories
687:090219884X
614:References
359:Strasbourg
316:Strasbourg
244:Early life
119:Occupation
60:1853-03-31
1086:11 August
791:0950-1193
721:ignored (
711:cite book
632:Who's Who
573:Younger's
425:Haslemere
388:arboretum
293:Rodrigues
271:Biography
254:Edinburgh
220:. He was
104:Education
88:Haslemere
69:Edinburgh
1130:12 April
1004:WeRelate
879:25561090
758:3 August
355:Würzburg
312:Würzburg
218:botanist
123:botanist
99:Scottish
90:, Surrey
1152:Canmore
1029:24 June
983:21 June
953:: 1–9.
906:21 June
870:4284113
551:Balf.f.
521:of the
397:in the
349:at the
343:Socotra
232:at the
224:at the
190:Balf.f.
146:Parents
110:(BSc);
1180:
1052:7 June
877:
867:
797:
789:
684:
557:citing
431:Family
403:per se
303:under
172:(1919)
165:Awards
138:Spouse
1080:(PDF)
1073:(PDF)
799:81206
795:JSTOR
695:(PDF)
678:(PDF)
531:(KBE)
297:Venus
114:(LLD)
1178:ISBN
1160:2021
1132:2019
1088:2018
1054:2007
1031:2024
985:2024
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