611:, who in 1892 called on French Catholics loyally to accept the Republic, several young French priests determined that because the church had held itself aloof from modern philosophies and practices, people had turned away from it. They also noted that Catholicism was not making much use of modern means of propaganda, such as social movements or the organization of clubs. In short, the church had not adapted to modern needs. They agitated for social and philanthropic projects, a closer relationship between priests and parishioners, and general cultivation of personal initiative, both in clergy and laity. Not unnaturally, they looked for inspiration to America.
532:. So rapidly did the disease progress that by 1871, he could not continue his work as Paulist director, pastor, lecturer, and writer. Hecker had great difficulty accepting that the God he served would allow him to be cut down in mid-career. When he left for Europe to seek a cure, he told his Paulist brothers: "Look upon me as a dead man. ...God is trying me severely in soul and body, and I must have the courage to suffer crucifixion." He wandered from one European spa to another, worn in body and sorely tried in spirit, struggling to believe that God was as much at work in him now as he was on the lecture platform.
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wrote: "We can never forget how distinctly
American was the impression of his personality. We heard the nation's greatest men then living. ...Father Hecker was so plainly a great man of this type, so evidently an outgrowth of our institutions, that he stamped American on every Catholic argument he proposed. ...Never was a man a more Catholic than Father Hecker, simply, calmly, joyfully, entirely Catholic." Another writer quipped, "He is putting American machinery into the ancient ark and is getting ready to run her by steam."
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Europe became associated with the church in the United States and particularly with Hecker. Inspired by Hecker's life and character, the activist French priests undertook the task of persuading their fellow-priests to accept the political system, and then to break out of their isolation, put themselves in touch with the intellectual life of the country, and take an active part in the work of social amelioration. In 1897 the movement received an impetus O'Connell, former Rector of the
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voice, they declared that the incriminated opinions had no existence among
American Catholics. Hecker had never countenanced the slightest departure from Catholic principles in their fullest and most strict application. The disturbance caused by the condemnation was slight; almost the entire laity and a considerable part of the clergy were unaware of this affair. However, the pope's brief did end up strengthening the position of the conservatives in France.
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403:, Isaac Hecker had the wide-awake mind of the typical American. He perceived that the Catholic Church's missionary activity in the United States must remain to a large extent ineffective unless it adopted methods suited to the country and the age. In this, he had the sympathy of four fellow Redemptorists, who like himself were of American birth and converts from
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from lecture platforms, delivered more than 56 lecture series, traveling from Boston to
Missouri, from Chicago to Hartford. During one Western tour, he traveled more than 4,500 miles and spoke to more than 30,000 people, two-thirds of whom were non-Catholics. Hecker's first biographer, Walter Elliot,
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During his months in Rome, Isaac had determined that the best way to serve the church in the United States was to establish a congregation of priests to labor for the conversion of his native land. Pope Pius approved his plan and encouraged him to take the steps necessary for its realization. "To me,
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on
December 18, 1819, the third son and youngest child of German immigrants, John and Caroline (Freund) Hecker. When barely twelve years of age, he had to go to work and pushed a baker's cart for his elder brothers who had a bakery on Rutgers Street. He studied at every possible opportunity, becoming
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In 1875, the
American Paulists invited Hecker to return to their midst. He came back and started to work once more, although on a limited basis. For 13 more years, he exerted his constantly diminishing strength to bring Catholicism to the hearts of his fellow Americans. During these declining years,
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During his last years, Hecker always struggled with the feeling that God had abandoned him and that his life was useless. But, as the terrible blood cancer destroyed his body, his spirit found new strength. He turned back the despair; he accepted his lot as God's will for him. The spirit within him
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When the church in
America was struggling with the question of whether the assimilation of Catholics, many of whom were immigrants, into American culture would compromise their Catholic faith, Hecker saw no contradiction between being American and being Catholic. According to Russell Shaw, "On the
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The brief did not assert that Hecker and the
Americans had held any unsound doctrine on the above points. Instead, it merely stated that if such opinions did exist, the Pope called upon the hierarchy to eradicate them. Cardinal Gibbons and many other prelates replied to Rome. With a near-unanimous
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Conservative
Catholics took alarm at what they considered to be symptoms of pernicious modernism or Liberalism. They thought the "Allons au peuple" catchphrase had a ring of heresy, breaking down the divinely established distinction between the priest and the layman and giving lay people too much
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The French reformers took him as a kind of patron saint. His biography, written in
English by Paulist priest Walter Elliott in 1891, was translated into French six years later. A long introduction by a liberal French priest made exaggerated claims for Hecker. Trends in liberal Catholic thought in
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within the soul as well as the necessity of being attuned to how the Lord prompts one in great and small moments in life. Hecker believed that the
Catholic faith and American political culture of small government, property rights, civil society and liberal democracy were not opposed but could be
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to beg of the Rector Major of his Order that a Redemptorist novitiate might be opened in the United States, in order thus to attract American youths to the missionary life. In furtherance of this request, he took with him the strong approval of some American hierarchy members. The Rector Major,
604:(which began in 1870), the power and influence of French Catholicism steadily declined. The French government passed laws bearing more and more stringently on the church, and most French citizens did not object. Indeed, they began to look toward legislators and not to the clergy for guidance.
352:, who exercised a marked influence over him. Isaac was deeply religious, a characteristic for which he gave much credit to his prayerful mother, and remained so amid all the reading and agitating in which he engaged. Having grown into young manhood, he joined the
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priest in 1849. With the blessing of Pope Pius IX, he founded the Missionary Society of St. Paul the Apostle, now known as the Paulist Fathers, in New York on July 7, 1858. The Society was established to evangelize both believers and non-believers to convert
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power in church affairs. The insistence upon individual initiative was judged to be incompatible with the fundamentals of Catholicism. Moreover, the conservatives were, almost to a man, anti-republicans who distrusted and disliked the democratic
631:(clergy). It was for this reason that Hecker acquired the reputation of being called "The Yellow Dart." The conservatives complained to the Pope, and in 1898 Abbé Charles Maignen wrote a violent polemic against the new movement called
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on 59th Street for their home. The five men decided on calling themselves the "Missionary Priests of St. Paul the Apostle." The priests, popularly known as the Paulists, conducted parish missions and retreats for non-Catholics.
498:, a monthly magazine. A year later, he founded the Catholic Publication Society (now the Paulist Press) to disseminate Catholic doctrine on a large scale, primarily for non-Catholics. In 1870, he established
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with supervisory responsibility for the church in the United States. Cardinal Barnabo, made aware by American bishops of Hecker's outstanding missionary work and personal holiness, arranged an interview with
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was reluctant to chastise the American Catholics, whom he had often praised for their loyalty and faith. But he eventually made concessions to the pressures upon him, and in early February 1899 addressed to
539:; the sail benefited him immensely. "This trip," he wrote, "has been in every respect much more to my benefit than my most sanguine expectations led me to hope. It seems to me almost like an inspiration."
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on the occasion of Hecker's death, Newman wrote: "I have ever felt that there was a sort of unity in our lives, that we had both begun a work of the same kind, he in America and I in England."
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Returning home in June 1870, the 55-year-old Hecker, full of enthusiasm, looked forward to resuming his American apostolate. But instead, he was stricken with painful, chronic
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reconciled. The ideas of individual freedom, community, service, and authority were fundamental to Hecker when conceiving how the Paulists would be governed and administered.
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Americans using the popular means of his day, primarily preaching, the public lecture circuit, and the printing press. One of his more enduring publications is
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on January 25, 2008, at St. Paul the Apostle Catholic Church in New York City, mother church of the Paulist Fathers, at which time Hecker was given the title
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level of ideas, no one before or since has done more than Isaac Hecker did to promote Catholic assimilation into the secular culture of the United States."
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Hecker's cause for sainthood was opened January 25, 2008, in the mother church of the Paulist Fathers on 59th St, New York City. He was thereafter named a
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525:. "Francis touched the chords of feeling and aspiration of the hearts of his time and organized them for united action," Hecker wrote in his journal.
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the future looks bright, hopeful, full of promise," he wrote home, "and I feel confident in God's providence and assured of his grace in our regard."
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he also expanded his vision to the entire world, mainly Europe, where the prestige of the Roman Catholic Church was in decline. At the
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Hecker returned to America from Rome and gathered his American friends Hewit, Baker, and Deshon to plan their congregation. Archbishop
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instead of listening to Hecker, expelled him from the Order for having made the journey to Rome without sufficient authorization.
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and, while still a young man, took part in certain politico-social movements which aimed at the elevation of the working man.
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brought him new peace and serenity. Isaac Hecker died December 22, 1888, at the Paulist House on 59th Street in Manhattan.
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The Ecclesial Dimension of Personal and Social Reform in the Writings of Isaac Thomas Hecker. Roman Catholic Studies 15.
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in Clapham. He returned to New York in March 1851 and worked until 1857 as a Redemptorist missionary. With all his
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Shortly after leaving the Brook Farm in 1844, Hecker was baptized into the Roman Catholic Church by Bishop
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in the renewal of both church and state. Hecker's theology foreshadowed by 80 years the interest of the
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attacks on religious vows, and disparagement of the value of religious orders in the modern world,
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in 1849, he spent a year as a parish priest and chaplain with the small Redemptorist community at
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695:. In 2023, the United Conference of Catholic Bishops voted to advance the cause of Hecker.
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undue insistence on interior initiative in the spiritual life, as leading to disobedience,
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Many powerful Vatican authorities also detested the Americanist tendency. However, Pope
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950:"USCCB votes to advance canonization cause of American Catholic priest Isaac Hecker"
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Hecker, determined to fight the expulsion, remained in Rome. He approached Cardinal
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In April 1865, adding the written word to his speaking campaign, Isaac launched
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1009:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 194–195.
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Acting as their agent, and with his local superiors' consent, Hecker went to
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edited by John Farina, 1983, published by The Missionary Society of St. Paul
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551:. Following the Council, Hecker wrote an essay describing the work of the
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547:, in an attempt to stem this decline, the church issued the doctrine of
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in Rome, spoke on behalf of Hecker's ideas at the Catholic Congress in
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Hecker's spirituality mainly centered on cultivating the action of the
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Smith, Michael Paul. "Isaac Thomas Hecker." The Catholic Encyclopedia
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of New York. One year later, he was entered in the novitiate of the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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653:. This document condemned the following doctrines or tendencies:
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874:"Shaw, Russell. "Hecker was father of American evangelization",
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1164:, Notre Dame studies in American Catholicism, Number 1 (1979).
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Hoover CSP, Brett. "Isaac Hecker: Living by the Holy Spirit,"
855:"History of St. Mary's Parish," St. Mary's RC Church, Clapham
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politics in the church. Hecker's work was likened to that of
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Vol. 7. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 4 Oct. 2015
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The Early Diary: Romantic Religion in Ante-bellum America
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movement, and he tarried in that colony some six months.
233:(December 18, 1819 – December 22, 1888) was an American
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The Story of Isaac Hecker: Missionary to North America
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1067:
Hecker Studies: Essays on the Thought of Isaac Hecker
903:
Hecker Studies: Essays on the Thought of Isaac Hecker
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People of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
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He spent the winter of 1873-74 aboard a boat on the
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Conversion to Catholicism and ordination as a priest
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666:minimizing the importance of spiritual direction.
687:of New York formally opened Hecker's cause for
607:Observing this and encouraged by the action of
581:The name of Hecker is closely associated with
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8:
3426:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Methodism
3406:19th-century American Roman Catholic priests
1030:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
517:of North Carolina. On the trip, he visited
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260:to the Catholic Church. Hecker sought to
1090:Lewistone, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001.
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502:, a magazine for young boys and girls.
27:American Catholic clergyman (1819–1888)
1046:Isaac Thomas Becker: Spiritual Pilgrim
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283:Hecker was a friend and colleague of
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3436:Religious leaders from New York City
766:. Religion and Liberty, 1994 issue.
348:It was at this juncture that he met
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474:accepted the men into his New York
2090:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
1208:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
1161:The Brownson-Hecker Correspondence
1095:Isaac Hecker: An American Catholic
25:
3416:American people of German descent
3411:19th-century venerated Christians
1083:. Milwaukee: Bruce Pub. Co, 1958.
617:Pontifical North American College
422:, prefect of the Propaganda, the
251:Hecker was originally ordained a
212:Roman Catholic priest, missionary
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3177:María de las Maravillas de Jesús
3034:Seven Maccabees and their mother
2220:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
1109:A Future Brighter Than Any Past.
1104:. New York: Paulist Press, 1972.
1097:. New York: Paulist Press, 1992.
1081:Yankee Paul: Isaac Thomas Hecker
1076:. New York: Paulist Press, 2000.
1069:. New York: Paulist Press, 1983.
1062:. New York: Paulist Press, 1989.
1058:Farina, John, ed. Isaac Hecker.
1055:. New York: Paulist Press, 1981.
982:
633:Le Père Hecker, est-il un saint?
559:in the role of the Holy Spirit.
505:In 1869-70, Hecker attended the
397:Our Immaculate Lady of Victories
635:("Is Father Hecker a Saint?").
439:Founding of the Paulist Fathers
204:John Hecker and Caroline Freund
1111:New York: Paulist Press. 2017.
722:Institutes of consecrated life
1:
3142:Faustina and Liberata of Como
2330:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
2275:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
1199:Saints of the Catholic Church
1053:An American Experience of God
663:minimizing Catholic doctrine,
455:The outcome was that Hecker,
1146:"Hecker, Isaac Thomas"
1102:Isaac Hecker and his Friends
1024:"Hecker, Isaac Thomas"
995:Fox, James Joseph (1911). "
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3305:Catholic Church portal
2265:Saints of the Cristero War
1048:. New York: Paulist Press.
935:February 17, 2008, at the
272:which he created in 1865.
248:religious society of men.
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2300:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
2070:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
1245:Mother of God (Theotokos)
1205:
779:Lord Acton by Roland Hill
325:Isaac Hecker was born in
45:
3421:American Servants of God
2446:Joseph (father of Jesus)
1832:Athanasius of Alexandria
1614:Athanasius of Alexandria
1498:Theophanes the Confessor
1478:Paul I of Constantinople
1473:Paphnutius the Confessor
1418:Athanasius the Confessor
1033:. New York: D. Appleton.
930:The Paulist Fathers News
2378:Gregory the Illuminator
2348:Augustine of Canterbury
1897:Dionysius of Alexandria
1812:Alexander of Alexandria
1152:The American Cyclopædia
1006:Encyclopædia Britannica
833:Hanley, OFM, Boniface.
393:Bishop Nicholas Wiseman
337:Critique of Pure Reason
1817:Alexander of Jerusalem
1423:Chariton the Confessor
1385:in the Catholic Church
645:Cardinal James Gibbons
578:
567:Hecker and Americanism
557:Second Vatican Council
448:
369:
3248:Fourteen Holy Helpers
3212:Trasilla and Emiliana
2363:Evermode of Ratzeburg
2245:Perpetua and Felicity
2215:Martyrs of Sandomierz
2085:Dismas the Good Thief
2012:Theophilus of Antioch
1982:Maximus the Confessor
1917:Epiphanius of Salamis
1857:Clement of Alexandria
1571:Doctors of the Church
1463:Maximus the Confessor
1250:Immaculate Conception
1124:Life of Father Hecker
710:Aspirations of Nature
705:Questions of the Soul
602:French Third Republic
574:
545:First Vatican Council
507:First Vatican Council
446:
387:Ordained a priest in
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59:Roman Catholic Church
3152:Hiltrude of Liessies
3097:Catherine of Bologna
3092:Bernadette Soubirous
2285:17 Thomasian Martyrs
2095:Four Crowned Martyrs
2017:Victorinus of Pettau
1997:Papias of Hierapolis
1967:Jerome of Stridonium
1932:Gregory of Nazianzus
1902:Dionysius of Corinth
1724:Lawrence of Brindisi
1679:Bernard of Clairvaux
1654:Anselm of Canterbury
1609:Gregory of Nazianzus
1536:Priscilla and Aquila
1433:Edward the Confessor
1074:The Paulist Vocation
997:Hecker, Isaac Thomas
954:Catholic News Agency
884:on November 15, 2017
650:Testem Benevolentiae
598:crypto-Protestantism
596:of subjectivism and
3431:Liberal Catholicism
3202:Teresa of the Andes
3082:Angela of the Cross
3044:Zechariah (prophet)
2190:Martyrs of La Rioja
2185:21 Martyrs of Libya
2075:Christina of Persia
2055:Charles de Foucauld
1992:Quadratus of Athens
1952:Ignatius of Antioch
1922:Fulgentius of Ruspe
1872:Cyril of Alexandria
1867:Cyprian of Carthage
1852:Cappadocian Fathers
1749:Hildegard of Bingen
1619:Cyril of Alexandria
1493:Sergius of Radonezh
1255:Perpetual virginity
1079:Holden, Vincent F.
764:Isaac Thomas Hecker
679:Cause for sainthood
549:papal infallibility
344:Brook Farm movement
293:liberal Catholicism
240:and founder of the
231:Isaac Thomas Hecker
128:Isaac Thomas Hecker
18:Isaac Thomas Hecker
3243:Four Holy Marshals
3238:Calendar of saints
3207:Teresa of Calcutta
3187:Patricia of Naples
3112:Catherine of Siena
2393:Patrick of Ireland
2315:Vietnamese Martyrs
2205:Martyrs of Otranto
2160:Martyrs of Cajonos
2155:Martyrs of Algeria
2150:Martyrs of Albania
2110:The Holy Innocents
2080:Devasahayam Pillai
2065:Carthusian Martyrs
2007:Polycarp of Smyrna
1962:Isidore of Seville
1947:Hippolytus of Rome
1942:Hilary of Poitiers
1877:Cyril of Jerusalem
1842:Caesarius of Arles
1837:Augustine of Hippo
1739:Thérèse of Lisieux
1734:Catherine of Siena
1684:Hilary of Poitiers
1659:Isidore of Seville
1634:Bede the Venerable
1624:Cyril of Jerusalem
1589:Augustine of Hippo
1503:Pio of Pietrelcina
1468:Michael of Synnada
1100:McSorley, Joseph.
1093:O'Brien, David J.
1086:Hostetter, Larry.
842:2015-10-06 at the
579:
500:The Young Catholic
496:The Catholic World
449:
420:Alessandro Barnabò
370:
368:Hecker, circa 1860
3325:
3324:
3317:Saints portal
3268:Miles Christianus
3253:Martyr of charity
3222:Josephine Bakhita
3217:Ubaldesca Taccini
3162:Kateri Tekakwitha
3137:Faustina Kowalska
3127:Eulalia of Mérida
3107:Catherine Labouré
3102:Brigid of Kildare
2929:Baruch ben Neriah
2373:François de Laval
2358:Damien of Molokai
2325:Victor and Corona
2320:Valentine of Rome
2210:Martyrs of Prague
2175:Martyrs of Gorkum
2135:Martyrs of Lübeck
2022:Vincent of Lérins
2002:Peter Chrysologus
1957:Irenaeus of Lyons
1927:Gregory the Great
1912:Ephrem the Syrian
1709:Robert Bellarmine
1704:John of the Cross
1689:Alphonsus Liguori
1664:Peter Chrysologus
1639:Ephrem the Syrian
1604:Basil of Caesarea
1579:Gregory the Great
1561:Seventy disciples
1453:Lazarus Zographos
1438:Francis of Assisi
1308:James of Alphaeus
1265:Marian apparition
1129:Project Gutenberg
1107:Robichaud, Paul.
878:, March 26, 2014"
837:, Paulist Fathers
523:Francis of Assisi
304:John Henry Newman
228:
227:
160:December 22, 1888
138:December 18, 1819
16:(Redirected from
3453:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3354:
3353:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3333:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3182:Narcisa de Jesús
3167:Lucy of Syracuse
3072:Agatha of Sicily
2984:John the Baptist
2230:Maximilian Kolbe
2225:Martyrs of Zenta
2200:Martyrs of Natal
2180:Martyrs of Japan
2170:Martyrs of China
2165:Martyrs of Drina
2100:Gerard of Csanád
2060:Canadian Martyrs
2045:Abda and Abdisho
1987:Melito of Sardis
1977:John of Damascus
1937:Gregory of Nyssa
1822:Ambrose of Milan
1754:Gregory of Narek
1719:Anthony of Padua
1694:Francis de Sales
1629:John of Damascus
1275:Joseph (husband)
1227: →
1223: →
1219: →
1192:
1185:
1178:
1169:
1156:
1148:
1131:
1044:Behnke, John J.
1034:
1026:
1010:
988:
986:
985:
964:
963:
961:
960:
945:
939:
927:
921:
912:
906:
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
880:. Archived from
870:
857:
852:
846:
830:
799:
793:
782:
776:
770:
761:
755:
749:
647:the papal brief
595:
478:, giving them a
350:Orestes Brownson
291:in the cause of
224:
163:
137:
135:
119:Personal details
103:Nicholas Wiseman
50:
30:
21:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3328:
3326:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3297:
3289:
3280:Seven Champions
3273:Church Militant
3263:Athleta Christi
3258:Military saints
3226:
3122:Clare of Assisi
3058:
2994:Judas Barsabbas
2900:
2472:
2402:
2388:Nino of Georgia
2334:
2240:Pedro Calungsod
2195:Martyrs of Laos
2140:Luigi Versiglia
2031:
1972:John Chrysostom
1862:Clement of Rome
1803:
1796:
1763:
1729:Teresa of Ávila
1714:Albertus Magnus
1599:John Chrysostom
1565:
1526:Mary of Bethany
1507:
1413:Anthony of Kiev
1394:
1362:
1313:James the Great
1279:
1231:
1210:
1201:
1196:
1143:
1138:createspace.com
1121:
1118:
1072:Hecker, Isaac.
1041:
1021:, eds. (1892).
1013:
994:
983:
981:
973:
968:
967:
958:
956:
947:
946:
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937:Wayback Machine
928:
924:
919:, July 27, 2012
913:
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901:
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872:
871:
860:
853:
849:
844:Wayback Machine
831:
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794:
785:
777:
773:
768:Acton Institute
762:
758:
750:
735:
730:
718:
701:
681:
589:
587:Charles Maignen
569:
461:Augustine Hewit
441:
362:
346:
323:
308:Augustine Hewit
285:classic liberal
242:Paulist Fathers
165:
161:
152:
139:
133:
131:
130:
129:
100:
41:
38:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3358:
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3322:
3320:
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3307:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3285:Virtuous pagan
3282:
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3265:
3255:
3250:
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3159:
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3149:
3144:
3139:
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3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
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3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3068:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3049:Zechariah (NT)
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
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2976:
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2648:
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2428:
2423:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2383:Junípero Serra
2380:
2375:
2370:
2368:Francis Xavier
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Uganda Martyrs
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2280:Titus Brandsma
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2255:Pietro Parenzo
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2125:Korean Martyrs
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:Boris and Gleb
2047:
2041:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1892:Desert Mothers
1889:
1887:Desert Fathers
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
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1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
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1814:
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1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:Peter Canisius
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
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1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1644:Thomas Aquinas
1641:
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1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
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1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Mary Magdalene
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1458:Louis Bertrand
1455:
1450:
1445:
1443:Francis Borgia
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
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1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
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1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1270:Titles of Mary
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1217:Servant of God
1206:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1157:
1141:
1134:Walter Elliott
1117:
1116:External links
1114:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1065:Farina, John.
1063:
1056:
1051:Farina, John.
1049:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1011:
1001:Chisholm, Hugh
972:
969:
966:
965:
940:
922:
907:
895:
858:
847:
800:
783:
781:, pg 194. 1999
771:
756:
732:
731:
729:
726:
725:
724:
717:
714:
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712:
707:
700:
697:
693:Servant of God
680:
677:
668:
667:
664:
661:
658:
568:
565:
447:Hecker in 1887
440:
437:
374:John McCloskey
361:
358:
345:
342:
322:
319:
315:Servant of God
297:ultramontanism
268:Catholic World
246:North American
226:
225:
218:
214:
213:
210:
206:
205:
202:
198:
197:
195:Roman Catholic
192:
188:
187:
182:
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164:(aged 69)
158:
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140:
127:
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35:Servant of God
33:
26:
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14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3458:
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3446:Paulist Order
3444:
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3437:
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3427:
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3404:
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3381:
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3368:United States
3359:
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3318:
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3200:
3198:
3195:
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3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
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3172:Maria Goretti
3170:
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3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3077:Agnes of Rome
3075:
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3065:
3061:
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3047:
3045:
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3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
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3000:
2997:
2995:
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2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
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2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
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2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
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2849:
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2837:
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2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
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2812:
2809:
2807:
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2802:
2799:
2797:
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2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
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2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
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2577:
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2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
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2517:
2514:
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2509:
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2502:
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2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2290:Thomas Becket
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609:Pope Leo XIII
605:
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600:. During the
599:
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405:Protestantism
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378:Redemptorists
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19:
3197:Rose of Lima
2691:John Paul II
2521:Anastasius I
2491:Adeodatus II
2465:
2340:Missionaries
2250:Peter Chanel
2235:Óscar Romero
2130:Lorenzo Ruiz
2105:Great Martyr
1674:Peter Damian
1483:Peter Claver
1213:canonization
1159:
1150:
1122:
1108:
1101:
1094:
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1080:
1073:
1066:
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1052:
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1028:
1004:
976:Attribution:
975:
974:
957:. Retrieved
953:
943:
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916:
910:
898:
886:. Retrieved
882:the original
875:
850:
834:
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561:
541:
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469:
454:
450:
433:Pope Pius IX
424:Congregation
417:
409:
386:
371:
347:
335:
330:immersed in
324:
312:
295:—opposed to
282:
274:
265:
253:Redemptorist
250:
230:
229:
191:Denomination
162:(1888-12-22)
40:Isaac Hecker
3401:1888 deaths
3396:1819 births
3356:Catholicism
3157:Joan of Arc
3087:Æthelthryth
3004:Melchizedek
2866:Telesphorus
2856:Sylvester I
2741:Marcellus I
2736:Marcellinus
2656:Gregory VII
2651:Gregory III
2566:Celestine V
2561:Celestine I
2556:Callixtus I
2546:Boniface IV
2536:Benedict II
2511:Alexander I
2486:Adeodatus I
2305:Ulma Family
2295:Thomas More
2145:Martyrology
2120:John Fisher
1769:Evangelists
1649:Bonaventure
1303:Bartholomew
1237:Virgin Mary
917:Busted Halo
685:Edward Egan
590: [
583:Americanism
553:Holy Spirit
513:for Bishop
488:Protestants
476:archdiocese
472:John Hughes
428:Roman Curia
277:Holy Spirit
181:Nationality
65:Archdiocese
3390:Categories
2891:Zephyrinus
2851:Stephen IV
2836:Sixtus III
2816:Simplicius
2761:Nicholas I
2686:John XXIII
2676:Innocent I
2646:Gregory II
2636:Gelasius I
2541:Boniface I
2501:Agapetus I
2496:Adrian III
2467:Matriarchs
2408:Patriarchs
2027:Zephyrinus
1400:Confessors
1368:Archangels
1260:Assumption
1211:Stages of
1136:(see also
971:References
959:2023-12-23
888:October 5,
876:OSV Weekly
537:Nile River
521:, home of
511:theologian
354:Brook Farm
321:Early life
289:Lord Acton
262:evangelize
209:Occupation
134:1819-12-18
96:Ordination
3344:Biography
3147:Genevieve
3054:Zephaniah
2861:Symmachus
2846:Stephen I
2831:Sixtus II
2811:Silverius
2806:Sergius I
2766:Paschal I
2756:Miltiades
2666:Hormisdas
2641:Gregory I
2626:Felix III
2611:Evaristus
2606:Eutychian
2591:Eleuterus
2586:Dionysius
2581:Damasus I
2576:Cornelius
2571:Clement I
2516:Anacletus
2260:Philomena
1907:Dionysius
1882:Damasus I
1827:Anatolius
1513:Disciples
1448:Homobonus
1408:Anatolius
1221:Venerable
1019:Fiske, J.
689:sainthood
683:Cardinal
401:mysticism
217:Signature
3231:See also
3132:Euphemia
2969:Jeremiah
2949:Habakkuk
2906:Prophets
2881:Vitalian
2876:Victor I
2826:Sixtus I
2821:Siricius
2751:Martin I
2731:Lucius I
2696:Julius I
2661:Hilarius
2631:Felix IV
2601:Eusebius
2596:Eugene I
2526:Anicetus
2398:Remigius
2353:Boniface
1759:Irenaeus
1541:Silvanus
1488:Salonius
1333:Matthias
1298:Barnabas
1285:Apostles
933:Archived
840:Archived
752:Fox 1911
716:See also
640:Leo XIII
530:leukemia
391:by then
301:Cardinal
287:thinker
235:Catholic
185:American
171:New York
146:New York
101:by
86:New York
78:New York
75:Province
69:New York
3330:Portals
3192:Rosalia
3117:Cecilia
3064:Virgins
3024:Obadiah
2999:Malachi
2944:Ezekiel
2896:Zosimus
2886:Zachary
2871:Urban I
2801:Pontian
2776:Paul VI
2711:Leo III
2671:Hyginus
2621:Felix I
2531:Anterus
2461:Solomon
2426:Abraham
2270:Stephen
2037:Martyrs
1804:Fathers
1777:Matthew
1584:Ambrose
1551:Timothy
1546:Stephen
1521:Apollos
1428:Dominic
1390:Raphael
1383:
1381:Michael
1376:Gabriel
1328:Matthew
1225:Blessed
1155:. 1879.
1039:Sources
1003:(ed.).
993::
621:Friburg
426:of the
382:Belgium
258:America
201:Parents
3380:Saints
3039:Simeon
3029:Samuel
2964:Isaiah
2954:Haggai
2939:Elijah
2914:Agabus
2796:Pius X
2791:Pius V
2786:Pius I
2771:Paul I
2721:Leo IX
2716:Leo IV
2706:Leo II
2681:John I
2616:Fabian
2506:Agatho
2441:Joseph
1802:Church
1594:Jerome
1358:Thomas
1348:Philip
1293:Andrew
999:". In
987:
519:Assisi
480:parish
389:London
238:priest
113:Priest
91:Orders
55:Church
3019:Nahum
3014:Moses
3009:Micah
2989:Jonah
2959:Hosea
2934:David
2841:Soter
2781:Peter
2726:Linus
2701:Leo I
2551:Caius
2478:Popes
2451:David
2436:Jacob
2431:Isaac
1847:Caius
1556:Titus
1353:Simon
1343:Peter
1229:Saint
948:CNA.
728:Notes
699:Works
629:abbés
594:]
509:as a
2979:Joel
2924:Anna
2919:Amos
2746:Mark
2456:Noah
2421:Abel
2416:Adam
1792:John
1787:Luke
1782:Mark
1338:Paul
1323:Jude
1318:John
890:2015
412:Rome
332:Kant
266:The
244:, a
157:Died
124:Born
109:Rank
99:1849
2974:Job
1132:by
1127:at
380:in
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83:See
3392::
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