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Isaac Levitan

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Moscow School of Painting and decided to enter a landscape painting in the hopes of winning a silver medal which would qualify him to be a classed artist. Levitan showed the painting to Savrasov, who had been drinking heavily and had stopped teaching at the school; Savrasov wrote "silver medal" on the back of the canvas. The school rejected the painting, and Levitan stopped attending classes. One possible explanation for why the school snubbed one of its best students was because the disgraced Savrasov had commented on the back of the canvas. Korovin repeated gossip that antisemitism played a part in the rejection. The Soviet writer, Konstantin Paustovsky, repeated the contention that some thought a Jew should not be painting the Russian countryside.
696:(North), in January 1892. The story concerns a lecherous man who has an affair with a married woman, whose husband dies of an accident (that may have been suicide) after she leaves him. Levitan and Kuvshinnikova were both offended although the central figure in the story was a young wife and Kuvshinnikova was 42. Moreover, she was dark haired and a talented painter, whereas Chekhov's character was blonde and not an artist. The stronger similarity was that her husband was tolerant of her disloyalty to him, as was "The Grasshopper" who forgave his wife's indiscretions. She, Levitan and her husband travelled together and were considered a 782: 794: 375: 995: 770: 69: 758: 830: 361: 944: 818: 983: 860: 905: 806: 971: 875: 932: 1722: 890: 387: 845: 616:
a democratic art that was accessible to as many ordinary people as possible, but unlike many of his fellow artists who sought to deliver a message about the hard life of the Russian people, Levitan sought simply to paint beauty. Levitan eventually contributed to exhibitions by the World of Art group, a younger generation of artists who believed beauty as the goal of art.
585:’’ (1890s) the group of trees with bright yellow foliage is engulfed with wind, the ground is covered with already rotten leaves, one of the characteristic examples of the influence of Impressionism on artist. Levitan painted not only the trees, but the light itself illuminating them, and this was most evident in a painting such as 589:(1897) where two row of birches line a straight road in moonlight. The white trunks shine through the moonlight against the darkening leaves and fields. His ability to capture the various qualities of light has been compared to Claude Monet, but it is unlikely that he used Monet's work as a model for his own. 615:
and planked bridges over the river, connecting it with the outside world, expressed the artist's spiritual reflections. It is known that this picture made a strong impression on Chekhov. By 1891 Levitan was a member of the Association of Itinerant (or roving) Exhibitions, whose mission was to create
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Previously, the Russian countryside had been considered too uninteresting for painting, but for Levitan landscapes became the center of his work. Savrasov taught Levitan to paint details in his landscapes and to bring his emotions into his works. But by 1883 Levitan had grown discouraged with the
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saw the work he told Levitan the path needed someone walking on it, so Chekhov painted a woman in a black dress walking toward the viewer. This kind of collaboration between a genre painter such as Chekhov and a landscape painter such as Levitan was common in the school. In 1880 the famous
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In 1875, his mother died, and his father fell seriously ill and became unable to support four children; he died in 1877. The family slipped into abject poverty. As patronage for Levitan's talent and achievements, his Jewish origins and to keep him in the school, he was given a scholarship.
548:’s house and park, but he was most fond of poetic places in the forest or modest countryside. Characteristic of his work is a hushed and nearly melancholic reverie amidst pastoral landscapes largely devoid of human presence. Fine examples of these qualities include 727:
During the year after his death an exhibit of several hundred Levitan paintings was shown in Moscow and then in St. Petersburg. His works appeared on the covers of Russian language textbooks and school children learned of his love for his native land.
648: 536:. During the late 1870s he often worked in the vicinity of Moscow, and created the special variant of the "landscape of mood", in which the shape and condition of nature are spiritualized, and become carriers of conditions of the human soul ( 512:
a story Chekhov published in the "Sever" (North) magazine, which Levitan believed was based on his romantic relationship with Sofia Kuvshinnikova. Although Chekhov apologized the two remained estranged until January 1895.
474:, a railroad baron and art patron, who developed an artists' colony 37 miles from Moscow. In his memoir, Polenov wrote that when the curtain rose for the underwater scene Levitan painted with Victor Vasnetsov for the opera 335:
where his older brother Avel had already studied for two years. After a year in the copying class Isaac transferred into a naturalistic class, and soon thereafter into a landscape class. Levitan's teachers were the famous
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By the mid-1880s Levitan's friendship with Chekhov had deepened, and Levitan began spending time with the Chekhov family near Babkino where the Chekhovs had a house. During his first summer there he painted
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forced the family to move to the suburb of Saltykovka, but in the fall officials responded to pressure from art devotees, and Levitan was allowed to return. During that year Levitan painted
581:(1895) shows a grove of autumn birches with orange and yellow foliage beneath a cloud streaked sky which is reflected in a dark blue river winding up from the lower right of the frame. In‘’ 569:
Birch trees, which grow freely in central Russia and are considered a national emblem of spring and renewal, were a common motif in Levitan's work, which he painted in various seasons. In
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In 1877, Isaac Levitan's works were first publicly exhibited and earned favorable recognition from the press. After Alexander Soloviev's assassination attempt on
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and in 1891 became a member of the Peredvizhniki partnership. During his study in the Moscow School of painting, sculpting and architecture, Levitan befriended
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Levitan's work was a profound response to the lyrical charm of the Russian landscape. Levitan did not paint urban landscapes; with the exception of the
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and later worked as a translator at a railway bridge construction for a French building company. At the beginning of 1870 the Levitan family moved to
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bought the painting for 100 rubles. Tretyakov continued to purchase Levitan's works and eventually acquired 20 additional paintings (See also
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for much of his life), his last works are increasingly filled with light. They reflect tranquility and the eternal beauty of Russian nature.
620: 348:. In 1875 the school admitted Nikolai Chekhov, brother of the Russian writer, Anton Chekhov who would later become Levitan's closest friend. 1359: 573:(1897) the thin curved white trunks, devoid of foliage, are reflected in the floodwaters left by the melting snows from nearby mountains. 1419: 1218: 1725: 1311: 1556: 1394:"Isaac Levitan. Quiet Abode. The description of a picture. Masterpieces of Russian painting | Русские художники. Russian Artists" 1334:"Birch Tree as a Symbol of Russia :: Manners, Customs and Traditions :: Culture & Arts :: Russia-InfoCentre" 994: 1809: 769: 1759: 680: 507: 246: 242: 121: 91: 31: 859: 1453: 874: 829: 417: 1219:"The artist beside himself: 1901: Isaac Levitan gains posthumous acclaim.(russian calendar)(Calendar) - Library Search" 427:
Savrasov, who was influenced by painters in the Barbizon school, such as Camille Corot, took students outside to paint
1636: 817: 805: 757: 566:, his palette was generally muted, and his tendencies were more naturalistic and poetic than optical or scientific. 970: 904: 943: 577:(1885–89), another spring scene, with dappled sunlight and low viewpoint, was painted in an Impressionist style. 1789: 1769: 1675: 982: 835: 627: 198: 931: 455:. Levitan often visited Chekhov and some think Levitan was in love with his sister, Maria Pavlovna Chekhova. 1034: 1014: 502:
with Levitan often ridiculed for playing the villain, the victim and the alien Jew, ostensibly all in jest.
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Isaac Levitan's hugely influential art heritage consists of more than a thousand paintings, among them
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L. Mehulic: Isaac Ilych Levitan and Evening Bells from The Mimara Museum, Muzej Mimara, Zagreb, 2009
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In the spring of 1884 Levitan participated in the mobile art exhibition by the group known as the
68: 865: 498:(1885) with a darker, more somber palette. Chekhov was fond of creating pantomimes for his guests 440: 844: 466:. Together with Korovin in 1885-1886 he painted scenery for performances of the Private Russian 360: 1371: 889: 1683: 1552: 1500: 1494: 1473: 1467: 1431: 1287: 1253: 1226: 1198: 1144: 1119: 1094: 1069: 1000: 880: 607: 524: 458:
In the early 1880s Levitan collaborated with the Chekhov brothers on the illustrated magazine
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In the 1890s, he had an on-again, off-again affair with an older married woman; the painter
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In the 1880s he participated in the drawing and watercolor gatherings at Polenov's house.
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A. King: Isaak Levitan. Lyrical Landscape, Philipp Wilson Publishers Ltd., London, 2006
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Muratova, K. D. Commentaries to Попрыгунья. The Works by A.P. Chekhov in 12 volumes.
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In September 1892 Jews were again expelled from Moscow and Levitan left the city for
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Fiodorov-Davydov, Alexei: "Levitan", page 166-7. Aurora Art Publishers, 1988.
683:") and a threatened duel with the playwright. Chekhov published the story in 1605: 612: 598: 297: 253: 668:, next to Chekhov's necropolis. Levitan did not have a family or children. 411:(Autumn day. Sokolniki), which depicted a long path in a Moscow park. When 623:. His friends' pleadings enabled him to return by December of that year. 281: 256: 152: 97: 1575:
A. A. Fyodorov-Davidov: Levitan, Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad, 1981
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Jewish cemetery. In April 1941 Levitan's remains were moved to the
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and in 1898 he was named the head of the Landscape Studio at his
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Levitan spent the last year of his life at Chekhov's home in
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Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture alumni
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Litvak (Lithuanian-Jewish) painter from Imperial Russia
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Eidelman, Tamara (2011). "The Artist Beside Himself".
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In 1897, already world-famous, he was elected to the
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Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
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family. His father Elyashiv Levitan was the son of a
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Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
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In 1892 Levitan had a falling out with Chekhov over
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18 August] 1860 – 4 August [
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The image of a silent 603:The View of Krivooserski monastery 25: 416:philanthropist and art collector 312:and was self-educated. He taught 1765:People from Augustów Governorate 1721: 1720: 1549:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names 993: 981: 969: 954: 942: 930: 918: 903: 888: 873: 858: 843: 828: 816: 804: 792: 780: 768: 756: 124:22 July] 1900 (aged 39) 1795:Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery 1618:Isaac Levitan at Tanais Gallery 1601:Official Isaak Levitan web-site 1592:Works by or about Isaac Levitan 1360:"Levitan and the Silver Birch" 544:, he painted fragments of the 1: 532:appears only in the painting 485:Friendship with Anton Chekhov 199:Member Academy of Arts (1898) 32:Eastern Slavic naming customs 1454:Khudozhestvennaya Literatura 1310:Chizhmak, Margarita (2010). 746:in 1979 is named after him. 418:Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov 276:Isaac Levitan was born in a 1420:"The Artist Beside Himself" 799:Bridge. Savvinskaya sloboda 534:Illumination of the Kremlin 300:) into a poor but educated 1826: 1611:Levitan at MuseumSyndicate 1547:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). 1430:(2): 17–19. Archived from 30:In this name that follows 29: 1718: 1418:Eidelman, Tamara (2011). 1165:"Levitan | Isaac Levitan" 263:of the "mood landscape". 238: 224: 204: 66: 1493:Donald Rayfield (1998). 1466:Donald Rayfield (1998). 1223:librarysearch.temple.edu 811:Birch Forest (1885-1889) 628:Imperial Academy of Arts 587:Moonlit Night: Main Road 540:, 1879). During work in 478:the audience applauded. 409:Осенний день. Сокольники 94:18 August] 1860 1370:: 46–51. 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Index

Isaak Iljitsch Lewitan
Eastern Slavic naming customs
patronymic
family name
Levitan

O.S.
Kibarty
Augustów Governorate
Congress Poland
Russian Empire
O.S.
Moscow
Russian Empire
Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
Painting
Realism
Peredvizhniki
Impressionism
Member Academy of Arts (1898)
Pavel Tretyakov
Savva Mamontov
Russian
O.S.
O.S.
Russian
landscape
painter
genre
shtetl

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