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348:) and supporters of anarcho-syndicalism, and the federation moved away from Ishikawa's ideas towards 'pure' anarchism. In response, syndicalist unions withdrew from the federation, and eventually formed a rival anarcho-syndicalist union, the Jikyo. As Japan became more militaristic, though, anarchism was repressed using harsher methods, and anarchist organisations essentially collapsed until the end of the Second World War.
66:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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In
November 1905, after the end of the Russo-Japanese War, the Heimin-sha dissolved itself. In its wake, the socialist movement fractured into Christian and materialist factions. The former, led by figures including Ishikawa,
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The rift within the socialist movement between
Christians and materialists was promptly replaced with a divide between advocates of a parliamentary approach and advocates of
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group and readily attacked
Christianity. The divided anarchist movement reunited once more when Ishikawa agreed, after much persuasion, to support the publication of a new
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which devastated the anarchist movement. Nevertheless, he opted to move to Europe in 1913, not returning to Japan until 1920. While in Europe, he stayed mostly with the
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In 1926, Ishikawa helped to found
Zenkoku Jiren, a federation of syndicalist unions. However, a widening dispute emerged between advocates of 'pure' anarchism (
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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during the 20th century. He wrote under the pen-name
Asahiyama and was a contributor of first Japanese socialist women's newspaper,
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Japanese Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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newspaper in 1907, alongside Kōtoku. However, the newspaper would only last for three months, from
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in 1946, which was subject to similar divisions and splits as before the war. He died in 1956.
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as an expression of freedom, and - unlike his contemporary anarchists - the maintenance of the
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as a symbol of communal affection. Ishikawa was involved in the founding of a new
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Nelson, David G. (2009). "Ishikawa
Sanshirō (1876–1956)". In Ness, I. (ed.).
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Bowen
Raddeker, Hélène (2009). "Anarchism, Japan". In Ness, I. (ed.).
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300:"Les martyrs japonais" (1911) (French postcard with the pictures of
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Walking the Thin Line: Ishikawa
Sanshirō and Japanese Anarchism
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Elison, George (1967). "Kōtoku Shūsui: The Change in Thought".
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Feminism in Modern Japan: Citizenship, Embodiment and Sexuality
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Due to his imprisonment, he evaded the persecution of the
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methods from French unions. Like the Russian anarchist
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a machine-translated version of the Japanese article.
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717:Tsuzuki, Chushichi (1970). "Anarchism in Japan".
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634:Hatta Shūzō and Pure Anarchism in Interwar Japan
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609:. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. pp. 1–3.
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674:. London: Fontana Press (published 1992).
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636:. New York: St. Martin's Press.
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374:Japanese Anarchist Federation
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335:Manifesto of the Sixteen
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429:(26 February 2003).
358:Japan 50 Years Later
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327:syndicalist
203:Sekai Fujin
42:(July 2020)
37:in Japanese
750:Categories
599:References
578:Crump 1993
554:Crump 1993
530:Crump 1993
452:19 October
240:Heimin-sha
139:1876-05-23
739:144716648
362:mutualist
352:After WW2
272:Bonjinsha
267:Shinkigen
190:socialist
100:talk page
258:Abe Isoo
171:Ishikawa
161:In this
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380:Notes
183:石川三四郎
60:DeepL
693:ISBN
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454:2021
441:ISBN
148:Died
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