147:
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middle-class
Gambians in their twenties, who were secularly educated. Marloes Janson claims that the movement "provides Gambian youth with a new sense of belonging in that they see themselves as part of a global movement." As the Jamaat stems from South Asia, the Tablighi has resulted in a mergence of South Asian and West African cultures, especially as Pakistani preachers played a key role in starting the movement in the Gambia. A further impact of the Tablighi Jaamat, claims Janson could be a rebellion of young Muslims in Gambia against the older adherents of traditional Islamic schools of thought.
2139:
2243:, a Gambian Muslim born in 1750. Kunta is presented as having had an idyllic childhood, educated in Islam, before being captured in 1767, and sold into slavery in Virginia. The novel tells the story of Kunta's life in enslavement, a key aspect of which was his Islamic faith, which throughout the novel, never leaves him. Despite criticism over the historical accuracy of Haley's research, the novel has played an important part in investigating African and Islamic history in America. In
2323:, Alieuh B. Sanneh explores the relationship between religion and culture and the importance of these two concepts in informing a society. Specifically, Sanneh writes, âThe Gambia has demonstrated an intricate pattern of blending cultural practices with Islamic religious beliefsâ. This is demonstrated by the incorporation of a traditional xiin drum, similar to the sabar, into the culture of the Baye Fall subsect of the
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2020:
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2347:âSecular oriented youth⊠condemn the jamaâat... because it prevents them from pursuing a youthful lifestyleâŠbecause it leaves them with a sense of guilt at not being able to live up to Islamic principles. Moreover⊠the Jamaâat stands for a âforeignâ form of Islam that does not fit with local culture and traditions."
2195:
Despite declaring the Gambia an âIslamic republicâ, in 2015, the then
President Jammeh, maintained that no dress code would be enforced and that citizens would still have the right to practice any religion freely. However, one month after the statement was made, Jammeh placed stricter regulations on
2362:
The Gambia has historically been viewed as a society that is receptive to people of different religious faiths. As a result, other religious movements, such as the
Ahmadiyya Islamic missionary movement have experienced some prominence in the country and success with regards to gaining adherents. An
2073:
Evidence of Islam in the Gambia exists from as early as the 11th century, stemming from the arrival of North
African Muslim merchants. Following centuries of increasing influence, especially brought on by Islamic scholars, Islam became the major religion in the country in the 19th century. The
2330:
However, the Gambia has also demonstrated a sense of societal independence and interpretations of Islam, demonstrated by the response to Jammeh's aforementioned dress code directive in 2016, in which women were told to wear headscarves in the workplace. Notably, the directive was lifted after
1365:, representing 97% of the 2 million population, with the first Muslim communities in the country arriving in 11th century. Islam has therefore had an influence on the Gambia throughout history, and continues to impact its culture, society and politics. The majority of The Gambia's Muslims are
2417:
is an
Islamic missionary movement that has experienced prominence in the Gambia, having first reached the country in the 1990s. Karamojo Dukureh is widely acknowledged as the founder of the Jamaat in The Gambia. In particular, the movement has appealed to youth in the Gambia, specifically
2363:
example of such prominence, is the fact that the
Ahmadis were the first Muslims in West Africa to set up schools that taught both religious perspectives as well as providing secular education. The Ahmadiyya movement's rise in prominence was especially visible in the 1960s. Sir
2393:
called for the expulsion of Ahmadi
Muslims and Ahmadiyya teachings in the Gambia to be banned. Shortly after his comments were made, Fatty was dismissed as Imam of the state house, although insisted that his dismissal was unrelated to the statements he made regarding Ahmadis.
2311:, Jammeh was quoted as saying âThe Gambia is a country of believers⊠sinful and immoral practices homosexuality will not be tolerated.â He made similar comments in 2015, warning that he would âslit your throatâ if you were found to be homosexual in the Gambia.
2431:
Since gaining independence in 1965, the Gambia has been governed by 3 presidents, all of whom have been
Muslims. Islam has thus had a significant impact on internal politics in the country, although to varying degrees, in an otherwise secular society.
2269:. Indeed, since independence, numerous Islamic schools of thought have established educational institutions. Islam's impact on education was further demonstrated in 1990, when the national curriculum included Islamic studies as a compulsory subject.
2286:, stating that the practice was not required in Islam. At the time of the announcement it was estimated that 76% of Gambian women had had the procedure. At the time of the announcement, 30% of girls under the age of 18 were married.
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Following Jammeh's military coup in 1994, many
Western nations, including the U.S., cut their financial support of the Gambia temporarily. As a result, Islamic, Middle Eastern states established stronger ties with the country.
2158:, led by Yahya Jammeh, who subsequently led the country until 2017 as a dictator. Under his dictatorship, the country was declared an âIslamic republicâ in 2015, although this was reversed in 2017 by the then new president,
2146:
Jawara became the country's first president in 1970, after serving as prime minister from 1962, when the country was granted self-governance (before full independence). Following his death in 2019, he was recognised by the
2401:
declared
Ahmadiddya non-Muslim. Some reports suggested that Jammeh may have been interested in claiming the movement's assests, including its numerous schools and hospitals, such as the large-scale hospital in Tallinding,
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official to officiate over Gambian Muslims. The Islamic courts ensured a formalised justice system, especially when compared to the traditional, pre-colonial court procedures, which were far less codified. However, the
2170:
The Gambia has a diverse array of traditional cultural practices, stemming from the various ethnic groups that make up the population. The country maintains strong links to traditional music, such as the
2307:. In 2008, Jammeh instructed gay and lesbians to leave the country, and said that he would âcut off the headâ of any gay man found in the Gambia. With regard to the impact of Islam on the rights of the
2749:
The Gambia Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) and ICF International. 2014. The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2013. p. 32. Banjul, The Gambia, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: GBOS and ICF International.
2265:
The role of Islam in Gambian society was evident even during colonial rule, specifically through the creation of an Islamic school, the âMuhammadan Schoolâ, which combined both Islamic and Western
2378:
Despite the prominence of Ahmadiyya in The Gambia, the religious movement has not been accepted across all regions of Gambian society. In a separate interview conducted in her 2013 monograph,
2439:
since British colonial rule. The presence of Qadis (Islamic magistrates) in Muslim courts during colonialism recognised the importance of Islam in the domestic issues of Gambian Muslims.
2367:, (1912â1977) was president of the Gambia's Ahmadiyya community. He became the first Ahmadi to serve as the head of any state or colony, following his appointment as the second and last
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for âpromoting tolerance, human rights and the rule of lawâ. Jawara was born a Muslim, although converted to Christianity in 1955, before reconverting back to Islam in 1965.
2196:
clothing, âorder female government employees to wear headscarves at workâ. He then reversed the directive, lifting the dress code restriction shortly after it was imposed.
3186:
Hasan, Asma Gull (2002). "Islam and Slavery in Early American History: The Roots Story". American Muslims: The New Generation Second Edition. A&C Black. p. 14.
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Janson spoke to a Gambian man who, "decided to become an Ahmadi, much to the dissatisfaction of his relatives, most of whom broke off contact with him."
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3144:. Andrews, William L., 1946-, Foster, Frances Smith., Harris, Trudier., Oxford University Press. New York: Oxford University Press. 2001. p. 352.
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2251:"Roots provoked a renewed interest by Americans in their own genealogy and instilled a new pride for African Americans about their African history"
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Ex-president Jammeh's personal advisor Abdoulie Fatty, appointed shortly after his inauguration, was a Muslim scholar. Jammeh also built
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The Gambia gained independence from British rule in 1965, initially as a constitutional monarchy, before becoming a republic within the
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2783:"Culture, Religion, & Democracy in The Gambia: Perspectives from Before and After the 2016 Gambian Presidential Election"
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2321:âCulture, Religion, & Democracy in The Gambia: Perspectives from Before and After the 2016 Gambian Presidential Electionâ
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Islam in the Gambia has had minimal coverage in popular, western culture, however, was portrayed in Alex Haley's 1976 novel,
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1995:
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in 1970. The country has remained secular in principle. It has only been served by three presidents since 1970, namely, Sir
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The role of Islam in Gambian society is not fixed and often depends on the individual. In Marloes Janson's monograph,
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Gambia's long journey to republicanism a study in the development of the constitution and government of the Gambia
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Contours of Change : Muslim Courts, Women, and Islamic Society in Colonial Bathurst, the Gambia, 1905-1965
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Christianity, Islam, and âThe Religion of Pouringâ: Non-Linear Conversion in a Gambia/Casamance Borderland.â
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Islamists in the Gambia and Senegal, as adherents play it whilst walking the streets and begging for alms.
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Muslim to serve as the head of any state or colony, following his appointment as the second and last
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then President Jammeh's personal advisor and an Imam of the State House of the Gambia,
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resistance from within Gambian society, including, activists and pro-democracy groups.
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Masters of the Sabar : Wolof Griot Percussionists of Senegal. African Soundscapes
2102:. In 1905, British rule granted the establishment of an Islamic court and appointed a
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215:
3397:"Why Supreme Islamic Council of Gambia wants to declare Ahmadiyya non-Muslim ?"
1389:
movement is also present. Other religious societies exist in the country, including
2662:"Shia Presence in Gambia". Wow.gm. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013.
2516:
2454:, after the country was granted independence as a constitutional monarchy in 1965.
2159:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2024:
1980:
1717:
1449:
1438:
1321:
2219:. At the time of the announcement, 30% of girls under the age of 18 were married.
2098:
In the early 20th century, the influence of Islam continued whilst the Gambia was
3203:
3085:
2790:
2212:. Both ex-President Jammeh and current President Barrow have practiced polygamy.
3264:
2240:
1776:
1734:
1658:
23:
3463:
Janson, Marloes. (2006). The Prophetâs Path Tablighi Jamaat in The Gambia. p.47
3420:
Janson, Marloes. (2006). The Prophetâs Path Tablighi Jamaat in The Gambia. p.45
2599:
Frederiks, Martha T. (September 2010). "Methodists and Muslims in the Gambia".
2569:"Africa :: Gambia, The â The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"
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3159:
2447:
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1386:
3432:"Review of Islam, youth, and modernity in the Gambia: the Tablighi Jama'at"
2239:. The story's plot focuses on Haley's great-great-great-great-grandfather,
120:
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1990:
1958:
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1606:
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Islam, youth, and modernity in the Gambia : the Tablighi Jamaʻat
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Gambians (the traditional religious adherents) converting to Islam.
2186:
A traditional West African sabar (drum), still played in the Gambia
2154:
Jawara's presidency came to an end in 1994, following a successful
3546:
3016:"Female government workers in the Gambia told to wear headscarves"
2834:. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press. pp. 12, 14.
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1985:
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community, largely stemming from Lebanese and Arab migration. The
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1358:
119:
3475:"Gambia files Rohingya genocide case against Myanmar at UN court"
2387:âIslam,Youth and Modernity in the Gambia: the Tablighi Jamaâat',
2336:âIslam, Youth and Modernity in the Gambia: the Tablighi Jamaâat,
2103:
1614:
1522:
3550:
2380:âIslam,Youth and Modernity in the Gambia: the Tablighi Jamaâat,
2303:
is illegal in the Gambia and there is no legal recognition of
17:
3372:"Gambian State Imam fired for making anti-Ahmadiyya comments"
3357:
Historical Dictionary of the Gambia. Scarecrow Press. p. 214.
3287:"Gambia's president threatens to slit the throats of gay men"
2646:""Gambia, The". International Religious Freedom Report 2007"
3142:
The concise Oxford companion to African American literature
2175:
drum and traditional cuisine, including the national dish,
3051:"The Gambia lifts headscarves directive after resistance"
2179:. However, Islam has influenced some cultural practices.
3473:
correspondent, Owen Bowcott Legal affairs (2019-11-11).
2492:
population to the UN, accusing the country of genocide.
2371:, after the country was granted independence within the
2762:
Journal of Religion in Africa 42.3 (2012): p. 240. Web.
2707:. London. pp. 36, 46, 43, 70, 59, 62, 97, 46, 47.
2903:"Dawda Jawara, Founding Father of Gambia, Dies at 95"
2968:"The Gambia: President Adama Barrow pledges reforms"
2245:
The Oxford Companion to African American Literature,
3890:
3865:
3584:
2142:Yahya Jammeh served as president from 1996 to 2017
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3313:. Tang, Patricia. Temple University Press. 2007.
2282:In 2015, President Jammeh, announced a ban on
3562:
2338:the author writes about the influence of the
2044:
1339:
8:
2461:in state institutions and had verses of the
3230:"The Gambia bans female genital mutilation"
3569:
3555:
3547:
2735:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2490:Myanmar's treatment of the Rohingya Muslim
2051:
2037:
1407:
1346:
1332:
134:
2868:Darboe, Abubakarr N. M. Ousainu. (1981).
2488:In 2019, the Gambia filed a case against
2385:In 2014, one year after Janson published
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
3086:"Gambia and Tanzania ban child marriage"
2181:
3204:"Gambia bans female genital mutilation"
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137:
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2375:as a constitutional monarchy in 1965.
2247:the impact of Kunta Kinte is assessed:
3527:"Organisation of Islamic Cooperation"
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3457:
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2399:Supreme Islamic Council of the Gambia
2229:Roots: The Saga of an American Family
7:
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2774:
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2638:
2601:Islam and ChristianâMuslim Relations
2594:
2592:
2590:
2588:
46:adding citations to reliable sources
3436:Canadian Journal of African Studies
3265:"Gambia gay death threat condemned"
2497:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
2495:The Gambia is also a member of the
2215:In 2016, Jammeh announced a ban on
14:
2397:The following year, in 2015, the
2342:(an Islamic missionary movement).
2204:The Gambia, in line with Islamic
3877:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3647:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3057:. Associated Press. 2016-01-14.
2703:Janson, Marloes. (14 May 2014).
2523:
2509:
2018:
1427:
1315:
900:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
226:Democratic Republic of the Congo
145:
22:
2901:Turkewitz, Julie (2019-09-04).
2781:Sanneh, Alieu B. (2016-08-04).
2465:inscribed on public buildings.
2446:, (1912â1977) became the first
33:needs additional citations for
3355:Arnold Hughes, David Perfect.
3285:Tharoor, Ishaan (2015-05-13).
2872:. National Library of Canada.
2650:US Department of State Archive
2470:Gambia Supreme Islamic Council
2452:Governor-General of the Gambia
2369:Governor-General of the Gambia
2094:Gambia Colony and Protectorate
1:
2992:"Gambia food and drink guide"
2934:Whiteman, Kaye (2019-08-30).
2437:judicial system of the Gambia
2231:, the subsequent miniseries,
2223:Depictions in popular culture
2086:sect resulted in most of the
1403:Traditional African religions
2936:"Sir Dawda Jawara obituary"
2109:Supreme Court of the Gambia
1602:("Stories of the Prophets")
4002:
3228:Lyons, Kate (2015-11-24).
2549:Christianity in the Gambia
2293:
2100:part of the British Empire
3291:The Sydney Morning Herald
2613:10.1080/09596410802542136
2296:LGBT rights in the Gambia
2284:female genital mutilation
2208:, allows the practice of
1361:is the major religion in
3632:Central African Republic
2444:Farimang Mamadi Singateh
2365:Farimang Mamadi Singateh
1691:Medieval Islamic science
1269:Northern Mariana Islands
211:Central African Republic
3430:Perfect, David (2015).
3022:. Reuters. 2016-01-05.
2544:Ahmadiyya in the Gambia
2435:Islam has impacted the
2373:Commonwealth of Nations
2121:Commonwealth of Nations
1219:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
3986:Religion in the Gambia
3341:: CS1 maint: others (
3172:: CS1 maint: others (
2806:Cite journal requires
2785:: 124, 126, 131, 132.
2539:Religion in the Gambia
2422:Politics and judiciary
2350:
2305:same-sex relationships
2277:
2253:
2187:
2143:
1701:Succession to Muhammad
970:Bosnia and Herzegovina
132:
3792:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
3652:Republic of the Congo
2793:– via Proquest.
2652:. September 14, 2007.
2344:
2249:
2185:
2141:
2076:Soninke-Marabout wars
1381:. There is a smaller
890:Saint Kitts and Nevis
388:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
231:Republic of the Congo
123:
57:"Islam in the Gambia"
2830:Saho, Bala. (2018).
2758:Thomson, Steven K. â
2078:(1850), a series of
1740:Association football
715:United Arab Emirates
151:World percentage of
42:improve this article
3981:Islam in the Gambia
3867:States with limited
2301:Homosexual activity
1501:Profession of Faith
1474:Day of Resurrection
910:Trinidad and Tobago
750:Antigua and Barbuda
3511:has generic name (
2996:World Travel Guide
2907:The New York Times
2188:
2144:
2135:(2017 â present).
2131:(1994 â 2017) and
1377:, influenced with
815:Dominican Republic
133:
3968:
3967:
3894:other territories
3667:Equatorial Guinea
3320:978-1-281-09405-6
3151:978-0-19-803175-8
2972:www.aljazeera.com
2841:978-1-60917-549-8
2714:978-1-107-47238-9
2353:Islamic movements
2340:Tablighji Jamaâat
2061:
2060:
1369:belonging to the
1356:
1355:
246:Equatorial Guinea
118:
117:
110:
92:
3993:
3955:
3954:(United Kingdom)
3950:Tristan da Cunha
3946:Ascension Island
3938:
3925:
3916:
3892:Dependencies and
3585:Sovereign states
3578:Islam in Africa
3571:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3541:
3540:
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3523:
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3115:Oxford Reference
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2514:
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2069:Pre-colonial era
2053:
2046:
2039:
2025:Islam portal
2023:
2022:
2021:
1431:
1408:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1322:Islam portal
1320:
1319:
1318:
1279:Papua New Guinea
1244:Marshall Islands
1214:Christmas Island
1177:Northern Ireland
149:
139:Islam by country
135:
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
91:
50:
26:
18:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3994:
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3893:
3886:
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3580:
3575:
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3533:
3531:www.oic-oci.org
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2510:
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2505:
2478:
2476:Foreign affairs
2429:
2424:
2415:Tablighi Jammat
2411:
2409:Tablighi Jamaat
2360:
2355:
2317:
2315:Broader society
2298:
2292:
2280:
2275:
2263:
2258:
2237:Roots: The Gift
2225:
2217:child marriages
2202:
2193:
2168:
2127:(1970 â 1994),
2117:
2096:
2071:
2066:
2057:
2019:
2017:
2010:
2009:
1954:Other religions
1949:Arabic language
1911:
1901:
1900:
1829:Moral teachings
1720:
1706:
1705:
1696:Spread of Islam
1641:
1631:
1630:
1618:(jurisprudence)
1600:Qisas al-Anbiya
1549:
1548:
1528:
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1441:
1352:
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1289:Solomon Islands
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3959:Western Sahara
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3903:Canary Islands
3899:
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2391:Abdoulie Fatty
2359:
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2316:
2313:
2309:LGBT community
2291:
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2278:Women's rights
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2149:New York Times
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1909:Related topics
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1481:Predestination
1477:
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1462:Revealed Books
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351:Western Sahara
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3707:Guinea-Bissau
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3209:
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3199:
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3192:9780826414168
3189:
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3161:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3116:
3112:
3111:"Kunta Kinte"
3106:
3103:
3091:
3087:
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3079:
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2879:0-315-00647-1
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2531:Gambia portal
2521:
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2326:
2322:
2319:In her book,
2314:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2273:Social issues
2272:
2270:
2268:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2235:and the film
2234:
2230:
2222:
2220:
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2213:
2211:
2207:
2199:
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2190:
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2180:
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2130:
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2122:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2091:
2089:
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2082:, led by the
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2016:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2006:
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2002:
1997:
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53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
3942:Saint Helena
3913:
3817:South Africa
3807:Sierra Leone
3691:
3612:Burkina Faso
3534:. Retrieved
3530:
3521:
3490:. Retrieved
3479:The Guardian
3478:
3468:
3439:
3435:
3425:
3416:
3405:. Retrieved
3403:. 2015-09-18
3401:Rabwah Times
3400:
3391:
3380:. Retrieved
3378:. 2014-11-06
3376:Rabwah Times
3375:
3356:
3351:
3310:
3305:
3294:. Retrieved
3290:
3280:
3269:. Retrieved
3267:. 2008-05-23
3245:. Retrieved
3234:The Guardian
3233:
3223:
3212:. Retrieved
3210:. 2015-11-25
3207:
3198:
3182:
3141:
3118:. Retrieved
3114:
3105:
3094:. Retrieved
3092:. 2016-07-08
3089:
3066:. Retrieved
3055:The Guardian
3054:
3031:. Retrieved
3020:The Guardian
3019:
3010:
2999:. Retrieved
2995:
2986:
2975:. Retrieved
2971:
2962:
2951:. Retrieved
2940:The Guardian
2939:
2929:
2918:. Retrieved
2906:
2896:
2869:
2831:
2799:cite journal
2759:
2754:
2745:
2704:
2658:
2649:
2604:
2600:
2576:. Retrieved
2572:
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2517:Islam portal
2494:
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2226:
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2203:
2194:
2169:
2160:Adama Barrow
2153:
2145:
2133:Adama Barrow
2129:Yahya Jammeh
2125:Dawda Jawara
2118:
2115:1965âpresent
2097:
2072:
1981:Islamophobia
1760:Demographics
1755:Circumcision
1671:
1664:
1657:
1623:
1615:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1553:
1357:
1224:Cook Islands
710:Turkmenistan
670:Saudi Arabia
413:South Africa
403:Sierra Leone
270:
191:Burkina Faso
104:
95:
85:
78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
3869:recognition
3822:South Sudan
3712:Ivory Coast
3509:|last=
2573:www.cia.gov
2404:Serrekunda.
2290:LGBT rights
2241:Kunta Kinte
2156:coup dâĂ©tat
1996:Laws of war
1659:Ahl al-Bayt
1544:Foundations
1395:Protestants
1264:New Zealand
1157:Switzerland
1085:Netherlands
895:Saint Lucia
825:El Salvador
660:Philippines
588:South Korea
583:North Korea
473:Afghanistan
418:South Sudan
291:Ivory Coast
3975:Categories
3924:(Portugal)
3882:Somaliland
3802:Seychelles
3767:Mozambique
3752:Mauritania
3737:Madagascar
3692:The Gambia
3627:Cape Verde
3536:2020-05-29
3492:2020-04-24
3442:(3): 561.
3407:2020-05-29
3382:2020-05-29
3296:2020-05-29
3271:2020-05-29
3247:2020-05-29
3214:2020-05-29
3120:2020-05-29
3096:2020-05-29
3068:2020-04-20
3033:2020-04-20
3001:2020-04-20
2977:2020-04-19
2953:2020-04-19
2920:2020-04-19
2888:1019227667
2850:1007930318
2791:2235640778
2578:2020-05-29
2555:References
2294:See also:
2267:pedagogies
2206:Sharia law
2191:Dress code
1849:Philosophy
1586:(exegesis)
1523:Pilgrimage
1513:Almsgiving
1373:school of
1363:the Gambia
1249:Micronesia
1127:San Marino
1080:Montenegro
1060:Luxembourg
800:Costa Rica
720:Uzbekistan
695:Tajikistan
600:Kyrgyzstan
573:Kazakhstan
523:East Timor
493:Bangladesh
483:Azerbaijan
398:Seychelles
358:Mozambique
331:Mauritania
316:Madagascar
206:Cape Verde
155:by country
130:the Gambia
68:newspapers
3757:Mauritius
3501:cite news
3487:0261-3077
3448:0008-3968
3337:cite book
3329:815538480
3242:0261-3077
3168:cite book
3063:0261-3077
3028:0261-3077
2948:0261-3077
2915:0362-4331
2731:cite book
2723:867631246
2629:143825183
2621:0959-6410
2607:(1): 64.
2358:Ahmadiyya
2261:Education
1969:terrorism
1921:Criticism
1874:Sexuality
1844:Mysticism
1814:Festivals
1794:Education
1789:Economics
1725:Academics
1681:Caliphate
1494:Practices
1391:Catholics
1387:Ahmadiyya
1209:Australia
1120:Tatarstan
1055:Lithuania
925:Venezuela
870:Nicaragua
840:Guatemala
755:Argentina
680:Sri Lanka
675:Singapore
655:Palestine
543:Indonesia
533:Hong Kong
336:Mauritius
98:June 2014
3948: /
3944: /
3937:(France)
3931: /
3909: /
3905: /
3857:Zimbabwe
3832:Tanzania
3682:Ethiopia
3677:Eswatini
3657:Djibouti
3622:Cameroon
3607:Botswana
3208:BBC News
3160:49346948
3090:BBC News
2787:ProQuest
2503:See also
2427:Domestic
2210:polygamy
2200:Marriage
2005:Glossary
1991:Jihadism
1964:Violence
1959:Islamism
1930:Muhammad
1916:Apostasy
1859:Politics
1809:Feminism
1804:Exorcism
1765:Diaspora
1750:Children
1745:Calendar
1673:Rashidun
1651:Muhammad
1646:Timeline
1607:Mathnawi
1469:Prophets
1413:a series
1411:Part of
1239:Kiribati
1182:Scotland
1142:Slovenia
1137:Slovakia
1105:Portugal
975:Bulgaria
905:Suriname
880:Paraguay
855:Honduras
810:Dominica
795:Colombia
765:Barbados
743:Americas
700:Thailand
650:Pakistan
630:Mongolia
625:Maldives
620:Malaysia
508:Cambodia
453:Zimbabwe
428:Tanzania
261:Ethiopia
256:Eswatini
236:Djibouti
201:Cameroon
186:Botswana
3933:RĂ©union
3929:Mayotte
3920:Madeira
3915:(Spain)
3911:Melilla
3842:Tunisia
3812:Somalia
3797:Senegal
3782:Nigeria
3772:Namibia
3762:Morocco
3727:Liberia
3722:Lesotho
3672:Eritrea
3642:Comoros
3617:Burundi
3592:Algeria
2459:mosques
2325:Mouride
2256:Society
2177:Domodah
2166:Culture
2088:Soninke
2084:Marabou
2064:History
1886:Slavery
1869:Science
1824:Madrasa
1819:Finance
1730:Animals
1718:society
1714:Culture
1686:Imamate
1666:Sahabah
1639:History
1609:(Poems)
1594:(creed)
1518:Fasting
1446:Oneness
1439:Beliefs
1304:Vanuatu
1202:Oceania
1172:England
1162:Ukraine
1110:Romania
1070:Moldova
1030:Ireland
1025:Iceland
1020:Hungary
1010:Germany
1000:Finland
995:Estonia
990:Denmark
985:Czechia
980:Croatia
965:Belgium
960:Belarus
955:Austria
950:Andorra
945:Albania
920:Uruguay
860:Jamaica
835:Grenada
820:Ecuador
775:Bolivia
760:Bahamas
725:Vietnam
635:Myanmar
610:Lebanon
528:Georgia
488:Bahrain
478:Armenia
438:Tunisia
408:Somalia
393:Senegal
378:RĂ©union
373:Nigeria
363:Namibia
346:Morocco
341:Mayotte
306:Liberia
301:Lesotho
251:Eritrea
221:Comoros
196:Burundi
171:Algeria
153:Muslims
82:scholar
3952:
3935:
3922:
3852:Zambia
3847:Uganda
3787:Rwanda
3742:Malawi
3702:Guinea
3597:Angola
3485:
3446:
3327:
3317:
3240:
3190:
3158:
3148:
3061:
3026:
2946:
2913:
2886:
2876:
2848:
2838:
2789:
2721:
2711:
2627:
2619:
2463:Qurâan
2448:Ahmadi
2233:Roots,
2080:jihads
1940:Hadith
1854:Poetry
1834:Mosque
1799:Ethics
1624:Sharia
1592:Aqidah
1584:Tafsir
1568:Hadith
1562:Sunnah
1506:Prayer
1457:Angels
1399:Hindus
1383:Shiite
1379:Sufism
1371:Maliki
1299:Tuvalu
1152:Sweden
1132:Serbia
1115:Russia
1100:Poland
1095:Norway
1075:Monaco
1045:Latvia
1040:Kosovo
1015:Greece
1005:France
938:Europe
875:Panama
865:Mexico
845:Guyana
785:Canada
780:Brazil
770:Belize
705:Turkey
690:Taiwan
595:Kuwait
568:Jordan
558:Israel
518:Cyprus
503:Brunei
498:Bhutan
448:Zambia
443:Uganda
383:Rwanda
321:Malawi
281:Guinea
271:Gambia
176:Angola
164:Africa
126:mosque
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
3907:Ceuta
3827:Sudan
3777:Niger
3732:Libya
3717:Kenya
3697:Ghana
3687:Gabon
3662:Egypt
3602:Benin
2625:S2CID
2483:Libya
2173:sabar
1986:Jihad
1935:Quran
1896:Women
1839:Music
1777:Sunni
1626:(law)
1574:Sirah
1555:Quran
1539:Texts
1421:Islam
1367:Sunni
1359:Islam
1294:Tonga
1284:Samoa
1274:Palau
1254:Nauru
1187:Wales
1147:Spain
1065:Malta
1035:Italy
850:Haiti
790:Chile
730:Yemen
685:Syria
665:Qatar
640:Nepal
615:Macau
578:Korea
563:Japan
538:India
513:China
423:Sudan
368:Niger
311:Libya
296:Kenya
276:Ghana
266:Gabon
241:Egypt
181:Benin
89:JSTOR
75:books
3837:Togo
3747:Mali
3637:Chad
3513:help
3483:ISSN
3444:ISSN
3343:link
3325:OCLC
3315:ISBN
3238:ISSN
3188:ISBN
3174:link
3156:OCLC
3146:ISBN
3059:ISSN
3024:ISSN
2944:ISSN
2911:ISSN
2884:OCLC
2874:ISBN
2846:OCLC
2836:ISBN
2812:help
2737:link
2719:OCLC
2709:ISBN
2617:ISSN
2468:The
2442:Sir
2413:The
2104:Qadi
1879:LGBT
1782:Shia
1716:and
1616:Fiqh
1401:and
1234:Guam
1229:Fiji
885:Peru
805:Cuba
645:Oman
605:Laos
553:Iraq
548:Iran
466:Asia
433:Togo
326:Mali
216:Chad
61:news
2609:doi
1974:war
1735:Art
1450:God
1448:of
128:in
44:by
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1340:t
1333:v
111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
86:·
79:·
72:·
65:·
38:.
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