246:. It meant many things at the same time. It gave priority to the study of particular kinds of phenomena, such as classes and movements, urbanization and industrialization, family and education, work and leisure, mobility, inequality, conflicts and revolutions. It stressed structures and processes over actors and events. It emphasized analytical approaches close to the social sciences rather than by the traditional methods of historical hermeneutics. Frequently social historians sympathized with the causes (as they saw them) of the little people, of the underdog, of popular movements, or of the working class. Social history was both demanded and rejected as a vigorous revisionist alternative to the more established ways of historiography, in which the reconstruction of politics and ideas, the history of events and hermeneutic methods traditionally dominated.
311:"The real causes of anti-Semitism in Germany are to be found neither in Russia nor the World Jewish Congress. And how can one, in light of the facts, interpret the National Socialist annihilation of the Jews as a somewhat logical, if premature, means of defense against the threats of annihilation coming from the Soviet Union, with which Germany had made a pact in 1939, and which it then subsequently attacked? Here the sober historical inquiry into real historical connections, into causes, and consequences, and about real motives and their conditions would suffice to protect the writer and the reader from abstruse speculative interpretations. Nolte fails to ask such questions. If a past "that is capable of being agreed on" can be gained by intellectual gymnastics of this sort, then we should renounce it."
31:
306:
were "invalid" because of "the backward nature of those societies". Kocka went on to criticize Nolte's view of the
Holocaust as "a not altogether incomprehensible reaction to the prior threat of annihilation, as whose potential or real victims Hitler and the National Socialists allegedly were
281:
newspaper on 26 September 1986, Kocka contended against Nolte that the
Holocaust was indeed a "singular" event because it had been committed by an advanced Western nation, and argued that Nolte's comparisons of the Holocaust with similar mass killings in
498:
784:
219:
401:
Kocka J., "Class
Formation, Interest Articulation and Public Policy: the Origins of the German White Collar Class in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries," in
779:
540:
Unternehmensverwaltung und
Angestelltenschaft am Beispiel Siemens 1847–1914. Zum Verhältnis von Kapitalismus und Bürokratie in der deutschen Industrialisierung
242:
In the 1960s and 1970s, "social history" caught the imagination of a young generation of historians. It became a central concept – and a rallying point – of
769:
211:
799:
774:
275:
explanation of a unique path of German history. In an essay entitled "Hitler Should Not Be
Repressed By Stalin and Pol Pot" first published in
789:
716:
161:
721:
364:
172:. He has focused his research on the history of employees in large German and American businesses, and on the history of European
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337:
794:
509:
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vol. 7, pt. 1, ed. P. Mathias and M. M. Postan ( Cambridge, England, 1978), 492–589, 709–27, 769–77. Originally published as
446:
519:
477:
200:
143:
725:
451:
Kocka, Jürgen. "Civil
Society: Some remarks on the career of a concept," in: E. Ben-Rafael, Y. Sternberg (eds.):
204:
554:
Klassengesellschaft im Krieg. Deutsche
Sozialgeschichte 1914–1918 [ Facing Total War. German Society 1914–1918
764:
243:
628:
Industrial
Culture and Bourgeois Society: Business, Labor, and Bureaucracy in Modern Germany, 1800–1918
568:
Die
Angestellten in der deutschen Geschichte 1850–1980: Vom Privatbeamten zum angestellten Arbeitnehmer
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759:
403:
Organizing
Interests in Western Europe: pluralism, corporatism, and the transformation of politics,
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White Collar Workers in America 1890–1940. A Social Political History in International Perspective
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262:
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Arbeiter und Bürger im 19. Jahrhundert. Varianten ihres Verhältnisses im europäischen Vergleich
188:
443:
Industrial Culture and Bourgeois Society. Business, Labor, and Bureaucracy in Modern Germany.
410:
Working-Class Formation. Nineteenth- Century Patterns in Western Europe and the United States
582:
Arbeitsverhältnisse und Arbeiterexistenzen. Grundlagen der Klassenbildung im 19. Jahrhundert
493:
Kocka, Jürgen. "1989/91 as a Caesura in the Study of History: A Personal Retrospective." in
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231:
180:
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Kocka J., "Problems of Working-Class Formation in Germany: The Early Years, 1800–1875," in
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238:', and recalls how the historiographical movement introduced a vast range of new topics:
210:
From 1992 to 1996, Kocka was the founding director and is to date a Senior Fellow of the
531:
Kocka J., "Industrielles Management: Konzeptionen und Modelle in Deutschland vor 1914,"
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665:
Kocka, Jürgen "Hitler Should Not Be Repressed By Stalin and Pol Pot" pages 85–92 from
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Kocka, Jürgen "Hitler Should Not Be Repressed By Stalin and Pol Pot" pages 85–92 from
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Kocka, Jürgen "Hitler Should Not Be Repressed By Stalin and Pol Pot" pages 85–92 from
753:
291:
184:
681:
Kocka, Jürgen "Hitler Should Not Be Repressed by Stalin and Pol Pot" pp. 85–92 from
434:
Kocka J., "Asymmetrical Historical Comparison: the Case of the German 'Sonderweg',"
183:, he attempts to analyze social processes of German society from the perspective of
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730:
427:
Kocka J., "New Trends in Labour Movement Historiography: A German Perspective,"
394:
Kocka J., "Capitalism and Bureaucracy in German Industrialization before 1914,"
320:
266:
173:
147:
30:
712:
643:
edited by Ernst Piper, Humanities Press, Atlantic Highlands, 1993 pages 86–87
545:
Kocka J., "Sozialgeschichte – Strukturgeschichte – Gesellschaftsgeschichte,"
271:
154:
506:
The Lifework of a Labor Historian: Essays in Honor of Marcel van der Linden
467:
785:
Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
376:
Kocka J., "Entrepreneurs and Management in German Industrialization," in
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287:
277:
458:
Kocka, Jurgen. "Losses, Gains and Opportunities: Social History Today,"
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edited by Ernst Piper, Humanities Press, Atlantic Highlands, 1993 p. 88
656:
edited by Ernst Piper, Humanities Press, Atlantic Highlands, 1993 p. 87
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are also "in the middle" but each has a completely different history.
357:
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324:
319:, Kocka argued that "Geography is not destiny" Kocka wrote that both
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603:
Bürgertum im 19. Jahrhundert. Deutschland im europäischen Vergleich,
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Kocka, Jürgen. "Capitalism and Its Critics. A Long-Term View." in
685:
edited by Ernst Piper, Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1993
508:
ed. by Ulbe Bosma and Karin Hofmeester (Brill, 2018) pp. 71–89.
744:
The New Social History in the Federal Republic of Germany
533:
Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte
630:(New York: Berghahn Books, 1999) pp. 275–97, at p. 276
220:
Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
108:
Hitler Should Not Be Repressed By Stalin and Pol Pot
488:
Capitalism: The Reemergence of a Historical Concept
307:justified in seeing themselves". Kocka wrote that:
160:A university professor and former president of the
122:
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98:
90:
82:
70:
62:
40:
18:
696:"Honorary doctorates – Uppsala University, Sweden"
605:(3 vols. Munich, 1988); rev. ed.: Kocka J., ed.,
514:Kocka, Jürgen. "Looking back on the Sonderweg."
405:ed. S. Berger (Cambridge, England, 1988), 63–81.
218:. Since 2008, he has been vice president of the
164:(2001–2007), Kocka is a major figure in the new
589:Weder Stand noch Klasse. Unterschichten um 1800
486:Kocka, Jürgen, and Marcel van der Linden, eds.
462:Volume 37, Number 1, Fall 2003, pp. 21–28
416:Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth-century Europe.
414:Kocka, Jürgen & A. Mitchell, eds. (1993).
382:Unternehmer in der deutschen Industrialisierung
422:Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe
346:from the Faculty of History and Philosophy at
497:(Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2017) pp. 257–269
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596:Bürger und Bürgerlichkeit im 19. Jahrhundert
315:In response to the geographical theories of
106:Facing Total War: German Society, 1914-1918
677:
675:
29:
15:
731:Holberg International Memorial Prize 2011
378:The Cambridge Economic History of Europe,
780:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
619:
429:International Review of Social History
74:Free University of Berlin (PhD, 1968)
717:Social Science Research Center Berlin
342:On 22 January 2000 Kocka received an
191:, and the creation of modern Europe.
162:Social Science Research Center Berlin
7:
365:Holberg International Memorial Prize
391:(London-Beverly Hills: SAGE, 1980).
168:, especially as represented by the
14:
490:(London: Bloomsbury 2016) 281 pp.
420:Kocka J., and A. Mitchell, eds.,
398:, 2nd series, 33 (1981): 453–468.
255:Kocka participated in the German
770:Free University of Berlin alumni
683:Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?
667:Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?
654:Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?
641:Forever In The Shadow of Hitler?
601:Kocka J., and U. Frevert, eds.,
127:List of awards received by Kocka
338:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
212:Centre for Contemporary History
800:21st-century German historians
775:20th-century German historians
561:Familie und soziale Plazierung
203:, and gained his PhD from the
57:Haindorf, Sudetenland, Germany
1:
607:Bürgertum im 19. Jahrhundert,
261:in the late 1980s, alongside
790:People from Liberec District
556:(2nd ed., Göttingen, 1978).
136:German historian (born 1941)
104:Capitalism: A Short History
547:Archiv für Sozialgeschichte
474:Capitalism. A Short History
445:(New York: Berghahn Books)
244:historiographic revisionism
179:Inspired by the methods of
126:
821:
609:(3 vols. Göttingen, 1995).
478:Princeton University Press
460:Journal of Social History,
230:Kocka was a leader of the
726:Free University of Berlin
251:Historiographical debates
205:Free University of Berlin
118:Critical Sonderweg thesis
94:Free University of Berlin
28:
516:Central European History
805:Holberg Prize laureates
396:Economic History Review
142:(born 19 April 1941 in
518:51.1 (2018): 137–142.
453:Comparing Modernities,
441:Kocka, Jürgen. (1999)
313:
248:
795:Sudeten German people
468:10.1353/jsh.2003.0146
309:
240:
495:Beyond Neoliberalism
269:, and supported the
371:Select bibliography
76:Honorary doctorate
598:(Göttingen, 1987).
570:(Göttingen, 1981).
559:Kocka J., et al.,
542:(Stuttgart, 1969).
535:61 (1969): 332–72.
436:History and Theory
384:(Göttingen, 1975).
348:Uppsala University
344:honorary doctorate
236:new social history
199:Kocka was born in
20:Professor Emeritus
455:pp. 141–148.
438:38 (1999): 40–51.
431:42 (1997): 67–78.
265:in opposition to
189:industrialization
132:
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83:Years active
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563:(Opladen, 1980).
549:15 (1975): 1–42.
424:( Oxford, 1993).
258:Historikerstreit
232:Bielefeld School
181:Ernest Labrousse
170:Bielefeld School
116:Bielefeld School
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746:(London, 1991).
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594:Kocka J., ed.,
577:(Munich, 1986).
573:Kocka J., ed.,
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472:Kocka, Jurgen.
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360:Historikerpreis
333:
317:Michael Stürmer
263:Jürgen Habermas
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707:External links
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626:Jürgen Kocka,
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35:Kocka in 2011
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722:Jürgen Kocka
713:Jürgen Kocka
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296:Soviet Union
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140:Jürgen Kocka
139:
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133:
105:
100:Notable work
86:1968-present
75:
23:Jürgen Kocka
760:1941 births
476:Princeton:
321:Switzerland
267:Ernst Nolte
174:bourgeoisie
148:Sudetenland
63:Nationality
754:Categories
614:References
587:Kocka J.,
580:Kocka J.,
566:Kocka J.,
552:Kocka J.,
538:Kocka J.,
387:Kocka J.,
47:1941-04-19
526:In German
272:Sonderweg
207:in 1968.
155:historian
71:Education
480:, 2016.
358:Bochumer
300:Idi Amin
288:Cambodia
278:Die Zeit
234:of the "
201:Haindorf
144:Haindorf
113:Movement
91:Employer
284:Pol Pot
216:Potsdam
150:) is a
520:online
510:online
499:online
447:online
363:2011:
356:2005:
352:Sweden
336:1992:
331:Awards
325:Poland
304:Uganda
298:, and
152:German
123:Awards
66:German
323:and
195:Life
78:M.A.
41:Born
464:doi
302:'s
294:'s
286:'s
214:in
176:.
756::
724:,
715:,
674:^
350:,
290:,
222:.
187:,
157:.
146:,
49:)
698:.
501:.
466::
45:(
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