359:
overlooked group, the rural magnates, the wealthier of the country gentry, wielded the most influence in the House of
Commons and had brought no real interest in revolution. To the contrary, their experience was in practical management and governance, and for the most part they did not act out of simple self-interest. The Civil War needs, therefore, to be seen as the story of how such solid, service-minded and economically comfortable men were persuaded to resist the King, and not as any particular group's economically motivated power grab.
375:
in
English political values, Hexter's distinction between the Civil War and the subsequent Revolution, and Hexter's belief that contingencies better explained the coming of the War, while rejecting Hexter's view that Parliament was acting out of a clear-cut sense of constitutional obligation and embracing instead the view that religious conflicts and practical problems in the composite monarchy were more decisive.
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316:(as a "lumper" of selectively read sources). More to Hexter's fancy was the "splitter" who saw his responsibility to the full range of particulars and the ambiguity of historical sources. "Lumping" was the tendency that, according to Hexter, threatened to bind historians to overreaching generalizations, of which he suggested
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but pointing out the ironic tensions between the
Annales' rigorous, collaborative, scientific institutional ethos and its leader's passionate, highly personal, often factually inaccurate or poorly sourced book (for which much of the intellectual labor was carried out from memory while Braudel was in
374:
and others who disputed both the uniqueness of the
English Civil War and its connection with ideas of liberty. However, inasmuch as the revisionists were also explicitly anti-Marxist, their stance owed a great deal to Hexter's critiques. Russell in particular echoed Hexter's emphasis on continuity
358:
Hexter's contribution, puckishly titled "The Storm over the Gentry" and originally published in a popular magazine, contends that both theses are undermined by their authors' social determinism which causes them to overlook the ordinary business of the House of
Commons. Hexter maintained that the
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Hexter in 1978 wrote a bitter historiographical review in which he attacked younger scholars for reducing the analysis of the Civil War to an essentially amoral struggle for power (socio-economic for the
Marxists; religious, political and fiscal for the revisionists), which he argued was too
354:
had, over the course of many years, destabilized the
English state in which power had traditionally been divided between the aristocracy and the king. Trevor-Roper inverted this theory, arguing that in fact the Civil War was caused in part by court gentry who had fallen on bad times.
383:
over the new interpretation, and, true to form, even adopted an exaggerated Whig-style argument: that one should recognize and accept the principles of the
Parliamentary rebels because these ideas about freedom were the very foundation for our modern sense of political liberty.
291:. His research interests encompassed both political and intellectual history, as witnessed by his first two books, one a history of the parliamentary conflict leading up to the Civil War, and the other a nuanced textual interpretation of
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and the Monde
Braudellien", which can be seen as a more appreciative, temperate, and intellectually sophisticated antecedent to Hexter's attack on Hill. Here, Hexter dissected Braudel's vast "geohistory",
416:). The article also reveals Hexter's satirical touch, as, in its first section, Hexter mimics the quantitative bent of the Annales scholars, representing their output in a series of graphs and tables.
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444:, and was named John M. Olin Professor Emeritus of the History of Freedom at Washington University, retiring in 1990. In this stead, he served as the founder and editor of the
366:. For Hexter, the English Civil War was to be seen as the defence of traditional English liberties against an aggressive Crown. This position contrasted in the 1970s with the
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was the most typical and intellectually pernicious. Nonetheless, his essay appeared to argue that both tendencies (analysis and synthesis) were intellectually necessary.
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from 1964 to 1978, becoming
Charles Stillé Professor. The Yale Center for Parliamentary History was founded in 1966 under his directorship. He then returned to
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Hexter's scholarly reputation probably owes as much to his historiographical critiques as to his body of research. He is noted for his distinction between
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dismissive of the intrinsic moral strength of Parliament's position. He thus declared his preference for the 19th-century narrative by
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This attack continued from a position he had earlier assumed, in his response in the late 1950s to a debate between
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Hexter married Ruth Mullin in 1942; they had four children. He died of congestive heart failure in
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The Vision of Politics on the Eve of the Reformation: More, Machiavelli, and Seyssel
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Reappraisals in History: New Views on History and Society in Early Modern Europe
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The Traditions of the Western World: Antiquity through the Early Modern period
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His ultimate self-definition was overtly, unabashedly, and often polemically
251:(May 25, 1910 – December 8, 1996) was an American historian, a specialist in
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Parliament and Liberty from the Reign of Elizabeth to the English Civil War
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Roberts, Stephen K. (2021). "King Pym and his 'Happy, Scrappy Jester'".
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651:(1981) translator with Michael Sherman, editor Donald R. Kelley
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On Historians: Reappraisals of the Masters of Modern History
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after suffering heart ailments for much of his adult life.
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J. H. Hexter, Neo-Whiggism and Early Stuart Historiography
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Storm Over the Gentry: The Tawney-Trevor-Roper Controversy
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by positing that an increasingly well-off and ambitious
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in 1931. He received his MA (1933) and PhD (1937) from
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After the Reformation: Essays in Honour of J.H. Hester
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
426:Queens College of the City University of New York
781:, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1980.
312:of historical material, and his 1975 attack on
547:The Traditions of the Western World (Abridged)
424:His most prominent academic positions were at
857:Members of the American Philosophical Society
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817:Washington University in St. Louis faculty
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526:, vol. 4 of the Yale Complete Edition of
392:Another famous Hexterian intervention in
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
407:, marvelling at the organization of the
686:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
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486:More's Utopia: The Biography of an Idea
550:. University Press of America. 1980.
265:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
259:, and well known for his comments on
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
539:The Traditions of the Western World
852:20th-century American male writers
430:Washington University in St. Louis
263:. Hexter was a member of both the
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842:American male non-fiction writers
442:Center for the History of Freedom
837:20th-century American historians
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832:University of Cincinnati alumni
346:, explained the origins of the
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34:needs additional citations for
847:People from Memphis, Tennessee
533:The Judaeo-Christian Tradition
304:Scholarship and historiography
283:, and was awarded a BA by the
269:American Philosophical Society
16:American historian (1910–1996)
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432:from 1957 until 1964, and at
775:Malament, Barbara (editor).
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827:Harvard University alumni
446:Stanford University Press
310:"splitters" and "lumpers"
646:The Monarchy of France,
449:Making of Modern Freedom
285:University of Cincinnati
255:and seventeenth century
184:University of Cincinnati
822:Yale University faculty
743:10.1111/1750-0206.12544
440:, where he founded the
428:from 1938 until 1957,
381:Samuel Rawson Gardiner
731:Parliamentary History
473:The Reign of King Pym
438:Washington University
342:. Stone, along with
330:Storm over the gentry
324:Storm over the gentry
710:search.amphilsoc.org
706:"APS Member History"
414:prisoner-of-war camp
43:improve this article
768:pages 133-149 from
522:(1965) edited with
520:Utopia, Thomas More
461:St. Louis, Missouri
279:Hexter was born in
772:, Volume 26, 1987.
770:History and Theory
594:The History Primer
420:Academic positions
289:Harvard University
281:Memphis, Tennessee
193:Harvard University
149:Memphis, Tennessee
648:Claude De Seyssel
567:Europe Since 1500
451:series of books.
388:Hexter on Braudel
348:English Civil War
340:Hugh Trevor-Roper
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812:Historiographers
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99:December 2023
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162:(1996-12-08)
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125:J. H. Hexter
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41:Please help
36:verification
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807:1996 deaths
802:1910 births
763:Dray, W. H.
528:Thomas More
368:revisionist
344:R.H. Tawney
221:Ruth Mullin
796:Categories
715:2022-05-17
691:2022-05-17
668:References
634:0674634268
608:0253318203
582:0060428147
500:0837189470
328:See also:
208:Occupation
141:1910-05-25
69:newspapers
751:234078302
737:: 81–92.
615:70-165049
589:72-147642
481:a410-4164
370:views of
211:Historian
180:Education
168:St. Louis
641:78-16635
575:A. Molho
571:R. Pipes
364:whiggish
267:and the
239:Children
172:Missouri
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297:Utopia
216:Spouse
174:, U.S.
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