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237:, which appeared in 1777. Robertson's history, in the modern Enlightenment tradition and historical methodology, was initially well received and a Spanish translation augmented with Spanish archival materials completed. But a Spanish reviewer took issue with Robertson's work, and the translation never published. The outbreak of the
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to take up his office. The position, created in 1571, had become ill-defined by this time, the
Spanish navy had already absconded with most of its scientific functions, and urged the abolition of the post. Muñoz tried to redefine the post, partitioning some of the functions with the naval academy.
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rumors circulating throughout Europe and defend
Spanish territorial rights in America from the encroaching claims of other European powers. Muñoz set about collecting and examining documentary material scattered in various archives throughout Spain and Portugal, with the objective of turning his
310:'s archives in Seville and Cadiz and the archives of the Secretaria de Estado y del Despacho de Indias were the principal feeders of the new Archive of the Indies. Before that, materials pertaining to Spain's overseas possessions had not been separated.
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On July 17, 1779, Charles III formally placed Muñoz with the responsibility of writing a comprehensive history of the
Spanish conquest and colonization of the Americas, in an effort to set the record straight, snuff out various apocryphal stories and
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It was in this capacity as cosmographer-major that Muñoz began to delve more deeply into history. In the course of the composition of the geographical and navigational reports and memoirs he submitted to the
226:(1601–15). Although partial histories had been written since, Herrera's treatise, nearly two-centuries old, remained effectively the last general work on the matter until Muñoz's time.
294:, when the monopoly port was Seville. The king issued orders to other archives to deliver Indies-related documents. The project for the new archive was under the direction of
94:, initially as a student, then as a teacher. He received his master of arts and bachelor in philosophy in 1760, and a doctorate in theology by 1765. Imbibing the spirit of the
282:, the Minister of State, that a repository bringing together all the documentary materials for the Indies. The monarch approved the project, ordering the establishment of the
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philosopher and historian. He wrote a major history of Spain and
Spanish America, using Spanish archival resources, and was the driving force behind the creation of the
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friar
Gabriel Ferrandis at the convent of Pilar de Valencia, where he began to receive his first formal education. From 1753 to 1757, Muñoz was enrolled at the
71:) in 1745, Juan Bautista Muñoz was the third of four sons. After the death of his father in 1751, his mother placed him under the tutelage of his uncle, the
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in
Valencia, where he came under the influence of the polymath Antonio Eximeno Pujades, and began to take an interest in mathematics and modern philosophy.
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had suspended the further appearance of
Robertson's work in Spain, and encouraged the Spanish establishment to initiate its own up-dated history.
166:. While in Madrid, he also participated in the educational reform movement launched by Charles III, putting out a treatise on the matter in 1778 (
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Despite his efforts, the post was formally abolished by royal edict in 1783, although Muñoz continued to use the title down to his death 1799.
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In the late 18th century, published
Spanish histories of the Indies were in an out-of-date state. The first draft had been composed by
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55:. That brought into a single repository all the documents pertaining to the administration of Spanish overseas possessions.
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210:, only existed in an Italian edition (1571) at the time). The first comprehensive Spanish history of the Indies had been
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from Spain. After a brief sojourn in Rome in 1768, Muñoz was appointed to the chair of philosophy at
Valencia in 1769.
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and Luis António Verney in the curriculum. During this period, Muñoz also undertook the labors of editing the works of
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Dictamen de Muñoz sobre la
Descripción del Peru del doctor don Cosme Bueno, dirigido a Miguel de San Martín Cueto
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Seeing the value of having all the Indies-related documents collected in one place, Muñoz recommended to
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Foreign writers had weighed in with their own accounts. The most recent and significant had been the
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and a reformer of the curriculum towards more modern topics. In his eclectic philosophical treatise,
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Sobre la empresa real de unir el océano Atlántico con el Pacífico por el Istmo de Panamá
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in the early 16th century, and deposited at the cathedral after his death in 1539).
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162:, Muñoz frequently had to resort to examining the historical documentary record of
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On October 28, 1770, at the age of twenty-five, Juan Bautista Muñoz was appointed
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Dictamen sobre la pretención de los angloamericanos a la navegación del Missisipi
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As a Dominican and a modernist, Muñoz's career profited from the royal edict of
106:(1767), Muñoz laid out the case for the usefulness of modern philosophy and
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Juan Bautista Muñoz. Polymath Virtual Library, Fundación Ignacio Larramendi
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Bas Martín, Nicolás "Juan Bautista Muñoz y la Sevilla del Siglo XVIII" (
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to traditional theology. He promoted the introduction of the works of
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in Seville. The 16th c. building was the former quarters of the
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De recto philosophiae recentis in theologiae usu dissertatio
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De recto philosophiae recentis in theologiae usu dissertatio
118:, which came out in several volumes between 1765 and 1775.
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El cosmógrafo e historiador Juan Bautista Muñoz, 1745-1799
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El cosmógrafo e historiador Juan Bautista Muñoz, 1745-1799
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For a list of his memoirs, see Bas Martín (2002: p.63)
190:(1511–25), which were supplemented shortly after by a
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Sobre la conquista y descubrimiento del Darién, 1774
90:From 1757 to 1770, Juan Bautista Muñoz was at the
149:. He resigned his chair at Valencia and moved to
339:Unpublished memoirs to the Consejo de Indias:
259:, where he had available the archives of the
8:
313:The first volume of Juan Bautista Muñoz's
252:history into an objective reference work.
218:(1552). The last great history had been
464:Historia general y natural de las Indias
333:Juicio del tratado de educacion de Pozzi
168:Juicio del tratado de educacion de Pozzi
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523:. Valencia: Universitat de Valencia.
455:Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo
417:. Valencia: Universitat de Valencia.
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271:(the depository library collected by
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204:Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés
47:, 19 July 1799) was an 18th-century
344:Sobre la Navegación del Mar del Sur
20:Juan Bautista Muñoz, attributed to
389:, London: G.G. & J. Robinson,
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576:18th-century Spanish philosophers
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200:Historia general de las Indias
145:-major of the Indies) by King
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519:Bas Martín, Nicolás (2002)
473:Real Academia de la Historia
413:Bas Martín, Nicolás (2002)
387:The History of the New World
385:(1797 English translation,
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233:by the Scottish historian
198:and the first part of the
139:Cosmografo mayor de Indias
212:Francisco López de Gómara
381:, 1793, Madrid: Ibarra.
379:Historia del Nuevo-Mundo
315:Historia del Nuevo Mundo
302:, the royal archives of
255:In 1784, Muñoz moved to
239:Anglo-Spanish War (1779)
175:History of the New World
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182:Peter Martyr d'Anghiera
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22:Mariano Salvador Maella
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147:Charles III of Spain
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37:Juan Bautista Muñoz
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317:appeared in 1793.
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