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29:
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nomads with their livestock. The centralized regulations of the wells made it easier for the nomads to settle disputes by taking their queries to government officials who would act as mediators. Long distance caravan trade, a long-time practice in the Horn of Africa, continued unchanged in Ajuran
511:
attended by
Commander F. G. Dundas British Navy. Bottego and his expedition sailed 640 km (400 miles) of the river in 1891. During his exploration Bottego changed the name of the main affluent of Jubba—the Ganale river—in
507:, where the party was attacked by local Somalis, ending in the deaths of the Baron and three others in his party. The first European to explore widely and complete the course of the river was the Italian explorer
332:
of the state that are still operative and in use today. Its rulers developed new systems for agriculture and taxation, which continued to be used in parts of the Horn of Africa as late as the 19th century.
353:
times. Today, numerous ruins and abandoned towns throughout the interior of
Somalia and the Horn of Africa are evidence of a once-booming inland trade network dating from the medieval period.
841:
921:
798:
926:
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coastal cities, where they were sold to local merchants who maintained a lucrative foreign commerce with ships sailing to and coming from
169:
711:
688:
Managing Shared Basins in the Horn of Africa – Ethiopian
Projects on the Juba and Shabelle Rivers and Downstream Effects in Somalia
814:
834:
313:
in Africa. A hydraulic empire that rose in the 13th century AD, Ajuran monopolized the water resources of the Jubba River and
503:
ascended on the lower reaches of the river on the small steamship Welf in 1863. He wrecked the steamship in the rapids above
294:
The Jubba River has a rich history of a once-booming sophisticated civilization and trade network conducted by the powerful
106:
443:
and other respective ports became profitable trade outlets for commodities originating from the interior of the State. The
544:, and is, ecologically speaking, the richest part of the country due to its fertile farmland. Native wild life include
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juncture. The Jubba basin covers an area of 749,000 km (289,000 sq mi). The Somali regional state of
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500:
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Through their control of the region's wells, the Garen rulers effectively held a monopoly over their
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and dams. To determine the average size of a farm, a land measurement system was also invented with
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The
Shaping of Somali Society: Reconstructing the History of a Pastoral People, 1600–1900
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valleys increased their productivity. A system of irrigation ditches known locally as
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The Jubba River gives its name to the Somali administrative regions of Upper Juba (
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513:
788:
701:
258:
rivers meet, and flows directly south to the Somali Sea, where it empties at the
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142:
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F. G. Dundas, "Expedition up the Jub River through Somali-Land, East Africa",
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which utilized the Jubba River for its plantations and was the only
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With the centralized supervision of the Ajuran, farms in
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pg. 50 by John
Donnelly Fage and Roland Anthony Oliver.
627:. Major cities which the Jubba River passes by include
348:
were constructed throughout the state, which attracted
815:
Map of the Jubba River basin at Water
Resources eAtlas
499:
Over two centuries passed until German explorer Baron
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farming communities of the hinterland from Jubba and
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404:. This irrigation system was supported by numerous
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161:
151:
141:
98:
81:
73:
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43:
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301:During the Middle Ages Jubba River was under the
623:, as well as to the larger historical region of
384:, beans, grain and cotton were grown during the
835:
8:
376:and Jubba River into the plantations where
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828:
820:
732:
204:749,000 km (289,000 sq mi)
33:Map of the Jubba/Shebelle drainage basin
680:
18:
340:subjects as they were one of the few
298:that held sway over the Jubba River.
7:
793:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
540:The Jubba basin region is primarily
516:after the famous Italian naturalist
344:in Africa. Large wells made out of
321:, it also constructed many of the
14:
364:and other areas in the Jubba and
700:Njoku, Raphael Chijioke (2013).
27:
532:Bridge over the Jubba river in
246:. It begins at the border with
922:International rivers of Africa
773:, 1 (March 1893), pp. 209-222.
242:which flows through region of
163: • coordinates
100: • coordinates
1:
65:Physical characteristics
270:, is named after the river.
787:Cassanelli, Lee V. (1982).
153: • location
83: • location
953:
745:Journal of African History
400:in Somali) seasons of the
501:Karl Klaus von der Decken
137:
69:
26:
927:Ethiopia–Somalia border
703:The History of Somalia
537:
451:valleys brought their
420:being the terms used.
372:fed directly from the
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231:
223:
531:
483:, and as far away as
423:The urban centers of
319:hydraulic engineering
282:The Jubba river near
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771:Geographical Journal
181: /
118: /
917:Rivers of Ethiopia
758:Il Giuba esplorato
538:
287:
266:, formerly called
185:0.2495°S 42.6307°E
122:4.1771°N 42.0809°E
93:Ganale Dorya River
912:Rivers of Somalia
894:
893:
800:978-0-8122-7832-3
733:Cassanelli (1982)
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342:hydraulic empire
311:hydraulic empire
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190:-0.2495; 42.6307
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16:River in Somalia
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402:Somali calendar
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809:External links
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669:Shebelle River
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374:Shebelle River
307:Horn of Africa
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717:. Retrieved
702:
695:
683:
602:
598:wild donkeys
570:hippopotamus
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514:Ganale Doria
498:
422:
417:
413:
409:
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385:
369:
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293:
267:
259:
256:Ganale Dorya
250:, where the
238:in southern
224:Webiga Jubba
215:
211:
209:
907:Jubba River
781:Works cited
617:Middle Juba
232:fiume Giuba
212:Jubba River
188: /
125: /
22:Jubba River
901:Categories
719:2014-02-14
675:References
641:Beled'hawo
621:Lower Juba
574:crocodiles
317:. Through
268:Trans-Juba
216:Juba River
201:Basin size
176:42°37′51″E
157:Somali Sea
113:42°04′51″E
89:Dawa River
876:Lagh Dera
590:ostriches
425:Mogadishu
346:limestone
323:limestone
173:0°14′58″S
110:4°10′38″N
44:Countries
932:Jubaland
886:Shebelle
663:See also
657:Kismaayo
653:Goobweyn
645:Bardhere
637:Burdhubo
625:Jubaland
582:gazelles
566:buffalos
558:leopards
550:cheetahs
546:giraffes
534:Bardhere
524:Overview
505:Bardhere
481:Portugal
449:Shebelle
366:Shebelle
362:Bardhere
330:cisterns
315:Shebelle
264:Jubaland
260:Goobweyn
248:Ethiopia
244:Jubaland
56:Ethiopia
39:Location
855:Somalia
760:, 1895.
594:jackals
542:savanna
455:to the
437:Kismayo
418:guldeed
378:sorghum
370:Kelliyo
358:Afgooye
338:nomadic
305:of the
296:Somalis
284:Jamaame
274:History
240:Somalia
234:) is a
228:Italian
51:Somalia
881:Nugaal
871:Jubba
863:Rivers
851:Rivers
797:
756:1892;
710:
651:, and
613:Bakool
586:camels
562:hyenas
473:Venice
465:Persia
461:Arabia
457:Somali
445:Somali
433:Barawa
414:taraab
398:Summer
390:Spring
350:Somali
220:Somali
147:
77:
74:Source
655:near
649:Buale
629:Dolow
554:lions
489:China
477:Egypt
469:India
453:crops
441:Hobyo
429:Merca
406:dikes
394:xagaa
382:maize
326:wells
236:river
143:Mouth
795:ISBN
708:ISBN
633:Luuq
619:and
605:Gedo
596:and
578:oryx
487:and
485:Java
439:and
416:and
410:moos
328:and
254:and
252:Dawa
210:The
91:and
853:of
615:),
609:Bay
214:or
903::
659:.
647:,
643:,
639:,
635:,
631:,
611:,
607:,
600:.
592:,
588:,
584:,
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552:,
548:,
520:.
491:.
479:,
475:,
471:,
467:,
463:,
435:,
431:,
427:,
412:,
386:gu
380:,
360:,
230::
226:,
222::
843:e
836:t
829:v
803:.
722:.
690:.
536:.
396:(
388:(
218:(
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