279:(UPenn). While in college, Klinman was a laboratory technician at the Eldridge R. Johnson Foundation for Research in Medical Physics at UPenn. She graduated with her A.B. in Chemistry in 1962. Klinman applied to medical and graduate school, and received acceptances to both. In 1962, Klinman enrolled in the Chemistry graduate program at
388:
as an
Associate Professor in Chemistry, the first female faculty member in the physical sciences at UC Berkeley. She is currently the Professor of the Graduate School at the Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and the California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences at the
283:(NYU). Klinman credits her time at NYU for "opening eyes to the excitement and beauty of organic reaction mechanisms." After a year in New York City, she moved back to Philadelphia, and enrolled at UPenn for graduate studies. Working in the laboratory of physical organic chemist Prof.
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31:
561:, and were married while Klinman was completing her Ph.D. They had two children together, Andrew and Douglas. Andrew was born while Klinman was in graduate school (born 1964-1966), and Douglas when she was a postdoctoral scholar at the
251:, for a time, before returning to Philadelphia to find work. Klinman's mother then remarried, and so she was raised by her mother and stepfather. Neither her mother nor stepfather graduated from college, but her stepfather attended
376:
In 1972, Klinman was promoted to an independent staff scientist, equivalent to an
Assistant Professorship, at the Institute for Cancer Research. In 1974, she joined the University of Pennsylvania as an Assistant Professor of
211:. She became the first female professor in the physical sciences at the University of California, Berkeley in 1978, where she is now Professor of the Graduate School and Chancellor's Professor. In 2012, she was awarded the
259:, and later found work selling furniture. Klinman was initially interested in ballet, but her interest in chemistry was piqued by her high school chemistry teacher. She received a partial scholarship from her high school,
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occurs among various enzymatic reactions, such as enzymatic C-H cleavage, and clarified the dynamics of tunneling process through data analysis. They have also discovered the quino-enzymes, a new class of
1005:"Solvolysis mechanisms. A kinetic study of the hydrolysis and imidazole-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-methyl-, p-chloro-, and p-nitrobenzoylimidazole in H2O and of p-nitrobenzoylimidazole in deuterium oxide"
528:
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University of
California, Berkeley. She also served the Chancellor's Professor for University of California Berkeley. She currently serves as the Professor of the Graduate School.
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Klinman and her husband returned to the United States in 1968, and
Klinman took up a position as a postdoctoral associate at the Institute for Cancer Research (ICR), a part of the
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310:. Klinman's work with Samuel involved understanding the role of divalent metal ions in the hydrolysis of high-energy acyl phosphates. While in Israel, Klinman survived the
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1299:"Stereochemistry of the interconversions of citrate and acetate catalyzed by citrate synthase, adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase, and citrate lyase"
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247:. When Klinman was two years old, her biological father left the family. Klinman's mother sold her house and possessions and moved with Klinman to
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A Kinetic Study of the
Hydrolysis and Imidazole-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Substituted Benzoyl Imidazole in Light and Heavy Water
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to conduct postdoctoral research with Prof. David Samuel. She worked in the
Isotopes Department, which had a large supply of
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1104:"Oxygen-18 studies to determine the position of bond cleavage of acetyl phosphate in the presence of divalent metal ions"
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1894:"2017 Gibbs Awardee, Judith Klinman 'C-H activation, quantum tunneling, and new ways of looking at enzyme catalysis'"
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Judith
Klinman was married to Norman R. Klinman, who later became a Professor of Immunology and Microbial Science at
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in Israel (born in 1967). She and Norman divorced in 1978, at the time of her laboratory's move to UC Berkeley.
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576:. They raised four children together: Alexandra, Joshua, Andrew, and Douglas, and have eight grandchildren.
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2022 - G.N. Lewis
Lecture - "At the Interface of Quantum and Classical Behavior in Enzyme Catalysis"
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1414:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation"
776:"The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details | NSF - National Science Foundation"
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2018 - NSF/JHU Quantum
Biology and Quantum Processes in Biology Workshop - "Tunneling in Biology"
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College for Women, despite pressure from her family to become a lab technician and get married.
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Judith
Klinman later married Mordechai Mitnick, a grassroots organizer who later established a
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1656:"Honorary Doctors of the Faculty of Science and Technology - Uppsala University, Sweden"
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2012 - National Medals of Science (National Science & Technology Medals Foundation)
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263:, to attend college, graduating second in her class. Klinman decided to enroll in the
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1998:
1205:"Purification and kinetic properties of aconitate isomerase from Pseudomonas putida"
207:) is an American chemist, biochemist, and molecular biologist known for her work on
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2018 Penn Chemistry Distinguished Alumni Award, University of Pennsylvania
5831:
University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty
2077:
1870:. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Archived from
419:
1992 and 2003-4 Miller Professorship, University of California, Berkeley.
1799:"A. I. Scott Medal - Department of Chemistry - Texas A&M University"
1314:
1267:
1220:
1119:
1020:
509:
2012 A. I. Scott Medal for Excellence in Biological Chemistry Research,
2024:"Mordechai Mitnick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Oakland, CA, 94618"
1298:
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1004:
1749:
299:
129:
1486:"The first women chemistry scientists at Cal - College of Chemistry"
398:
703:"Judith P. Klinman Oral History (Interview with Judith Klinman)"
287:, Klinman studied the hydrolysis kinetics of benzyl-substituted
4902:
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2047:
1821:"President Obama honors nation's top scientists and innovators"
1627:"Gordon Research Conferences - Alexander M. Cruickshank Awards"
1634:
602:
608:
2020 - Interviewing Eminent Scientists - Prof. Judith Klinman
1003:
Klinman, Judith Pollock; Thornton, Edward R. (1968-07-01).
1361:
Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley
438:
1994 Repligen Award for Chemistry of Biological Processes.
5836:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1153:"TSRI - News & Views, In Memoriam: Norman R. Klinman"
598:
2014 - Thriving in Science Lecture: "Not Going It Alone"
579:
Klinman has a stepsister, who as of 2002 worked for the
529:
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
1916:"Distinguished Alumni Award | Department of Chemistry"
496:
American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
360:. Klinman also studied the stereochemical products of
1438:"Judith Klinman | F1000 Faculty Member | F1000Prime"
275:
Beginning in 1958, Klinman studied chemistry at the
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American Association for the Advancement of Science
229:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
170:
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128:
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104:
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71:
61:
37:
21:
1728:"Honorary Degree Recipients | Penn Secretary"
1297:Klinman, Judith P.; Rose, Irwin A. (1971-06-08).
1250:Klinman, Judith P.; Rose, Irwin A. (1971-06-08).
1203:Klinman, Judith P.; Rose, Irwin A. (1971-06-08).
326:. Klinman arranged a nonpaying apprenticeship at
4374:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
1678:"Sigman Symposium – Molecular Biology Institute"
1102:Klinman, Judith P.; Samuel, David (1971-05-01).
1045:Latham, J. A.; Barr, I.; Klinman, J. P. (2017).
334:, and also took courses in biochemistry at UCL.
1252:"Mechanism of the aconitate isomerase reaction"
482:2006 Honorary Doctorate (Sc.D.(h.c.)) from the
447:1996 Fellow of the Japanese Ministry of Science
392:Her group has discovered that room temperature
1941:"Five Decades with Glutathione and the GSTome"
450:2000 Honorary Doctorate (F.D.(h.c.)) from the
2059:
954:"Moving Through Barriers in Science and Life"
506:2011 Elected to the American Chemical Society
8:
1868:"Mildred Cohn Award in Biological Chemistry"
463:2003 David S. Sigman Lectureship Award from
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1827:. National Science Foundation (NSF) News.
1462:"Judith P. Klinman | College of Chemistry"
752:"Judith P. Klinman | College of Chemistry"
525:Mildred Cohn Award in Biological Chemistry
345:, where she investigated the mechanism of
18:
1974:
1956:
1898:Chicago Section American Chemical Society
1072:
1062:
979:
969:
255:for two years but dropped out due to the
5856:UC Berkeley College of Chemistry faculty
1009:Journal of the American Chemical Society
291:. She graduated with her Ph.D. in 1966.
2075:United States National Medal of Science
701:Zanish-Belcher, Tanya (June 13, 2002).
624:
320:National Institute for Medical Research
1611:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1604:
1147:
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860:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
853:
341:. There, she joined the laboratory of
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1038:
971:10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111217
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426:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
225:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
1354:"Judith P. Klinman Curriculum Vitae"
902:
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243:Klinman was born April 17, 1941, in
123:University of California at Berkeley
5826:National Medal of Science laureates
1047:"Author profile: Judith P. Klinman"
339:Fox Chase Cancer Research Institute
386:University of California, Berkeley
294:In 1966, Klinman travelled to the
14:
5816:University of Pennsylvania alumni
1703:"Remsen Award - Maryland Section"
727:"Berkeley's First Women Chemists"
443:Alexander M. Cruickshank Lecturer
1904:from the original on 2017-08-23.
1831:from the original on 2014-10-06.
1809:from the original on 2018-02-06.
1666:from the original on 2018-02-06.
1557:"All Miller Professors: By Name"
1496:from the original on 2018-02-08.
538:from the Chicago Section of the
29:
1945:Journal of Biological Chemistry
1939:Mannervik, Bengt (2012-02-24).
1849:from the original on 2016-05-30
1756:from the original on 2016-12-29
1709:from the original on 2016-10-05
1684:from the original on 2018-02-06
1633:. 4 August 2012. Archived from
1594:from the original on 2014-07-17
1563:from the original on 2015-08-22
1538:from the original on 2018-02-07
1051:Journal of Biological Chemistry
881:. 5 August 2016. Archived from
843:from the original on 2016-03-04
809:from the original on 2018-02-07
650:from the original on 2018-02-06
349:, an enzyme that catalyzes the
5821:21st-century American chemists
555:The Scripps Research Institute
459:American Philosophical Society
233:American Philosophical Society
1:
2090:Behavioral and social science
958:Annual Review of Biochemistry
581:Small Business Administration
563:Weizmann Institute of Science
1363:. 2020-01-29. Archived from
434:National Academy of Sciences
314:. She and her then husband,
265:University of Pennsylvania's
221:National Academy of Sciences
952:Klinman, Judith P. (2019).
707:cdm16001.contentdm.oclc.org
330:(UCL) in the laboratory of
5877:
5861:Chemists from Pennsylvania
5851:American women biochemists
4978:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
559:University of Pennsylvania
502:Royal Society of Chemistry
494:2007 Merck Award from the
484:University of Pennsylvania
476:, Maryland Section of the
277:University of Pennsylvania
245:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
205:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
79:A.B. (1962), Ph.D. (1966)
76:University of Pennsylvania
55:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
4909:
4898:
4379:
4368:
3953:William Hayward Pickering
3789:
3778:
3303:
3292:
2359:
2348:
2095:
2084:
1779:American Chemical Society
540:American Chemical Society
518:National Medal of Science
478:American Chemical Society
328:University College London
219:. She is a member of the
213:National Medal of Science
203:(born April 17, 1941, in
166:
97:
89:National Medal of Science
28:
5402:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
4848:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2479:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
511:Texas A&M University
4713:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
2631:George Ledyard Stebbins
2552:James Augustine Shannon
1958:10.1074/jbc.X112.342675
1389:"ASBMB Past Presidents"
1064:10.1074/jbc.R117.797399
404:in eukaryotic enzymes.
306:that could be used for
5170:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
5157:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
4113:Harry George Drickamer
4059:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
3733:M. Frederick Hawthorne
3607:John D. Baldeschwieler
2847:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
2529:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
1490:chemistry.berkeley.edu
1466:chemistry.berkeley.edu
756:chemistry.berkeley.edu
638:"Judith P. Klinman CV"
384:In 1978, she moved to
271:Education and training
23:Judith Pollock Klinman
5761:Sylvester James Gates
5147:William Alfred Fowler
5129:Robert Rathbun Wilson
4942:Robert Burns Woodward
3754:Geraldine L. Richmond
3502:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
2785:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
2714:Vernon B. Mountcastle
2570:Sterling B. Hendricks
2387:Marshall W. Nirenberg
2382:Theodosius Dobzhansky
2230:William Julius Wilson
557:. The two met at the
452:University of Uppsala
415:Guggenheim Fellowship
261:Overbrook High School
5732:Warren M. Washington
5696:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
5605:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
5550:Martin Schwarzschild
5331:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
5323:J. Robert Schrieffer
5293:E. Margaret Burbidge
5137:Nicolaas Bloembergen
5114:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
4993:Vladimir K. Zworykin
4745:John Griggs Thompson
4668:Martin David Kruskal
4508:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
3981:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
3935:Ralph Brazelton Peck
3890:Jack St. Clair Kilby
3817:John Robinson Pierce
3784:Engineering sciences
3715:Jacqueline K. Barton
3570:George M. Whitesides
3489:Dudley R. Herschbach
3427:Richard B. Bernstein
3396:Walter H. Stockmayer
2944:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
2875:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
2765:Stanley Norman Cohen
2752:Rita Levi-Montalcini
2588:Keith Roberts Porter
2451:Alfred H. Sturtevant
2446:Michael Heidelberger
2418:Fritz Albert Lipmann
1732:secure.www.upenn.edu
912:search.amphilsoc.org
908:"APS Member History"
500:2009 Elected to the
488:2007 Elected to the
457:2001 Elected to the
432:1994 Elected to the
424:1993 Elected to the
249:Miami Beach, Florida
5782:Shirley Ann Jackson
5701:Charles P. Slichter
5545:Marshall Rosenbluth
5537:Wallace S. Broecker
5490:Eugene M. Shoemaker
5251:Victor F. Weisskopf
5198:Herbert S. Gutowsky
5180:Edgar Bright Wilson
5021:George Kistiakowsky
4639:Stephen Cole Kleene
4150:George H. Heilmeier
4137:Mildred Dresselhaus
4028:Edward H. Heinemann
3958:Frederick E. Terman
3922:Richard T. Whitcomb
3843:Clarence L. Johnson
3804:Theodore von Kármán
3691:Stephen J. Benkovic
3670:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
3657:Marvin H. Caruthers
3612:Ralph F. Hirschmann
3552:Darleane C. Hoffman
3442:Harden M. McConnell
3383:Frank H. Westheimer
3195:Stanley B. Prusiner
3159:Robert J. Lefkowitz
2918:Howard Martin Temin
2775:Maurice R. Hilleman
2770:Joseph L. Goldstein
2709:Donald A. Henderson
2626:Earl Reece Stadtman
2611:Elizabeth C. Crosby
2575:Orville Alvin Vogel
2405:Donald D. Van Slyke
2354:Biological sciences
2022:Today, Psychology.
1999:"Mordechai Mitnick"
1750:"ASBMB–Merck Award"
1532:"Judith P. Klinman"
1315:10.1021/bi00788a013
1268:10.1021/bi00788a012
1221:10.1021/bi00788a011
1120:10.1021/bi00787a026
1057:(40): 16397–16405.
1021:10.1021/ja01018a034
803:"Judith P. Klinman"
536:Willard Gibbs Award
347:aconitate isomerase
312:Six-Day War of 1967
281:New York University
16:American biochemist
5654:G. Brent Dalrymple
5472:Arthur L. Schawlow
5379:James A. Van Allen
5270:Philip W. Anderson
5226:Richard P. Feynman
5152:Linus Carl Pauling
4787:Dennis P. Sullivan
4344:John B. Goodenough
4277:Edwin N. Lightfoot
4245:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
4226:Kenneth N. Stevens
3994:Raymond D. Mindlin
3917:Harold E. Edgerton
3762:A. Paul Alivisatos
3641:Stephen J. Lippard
3620:Ernest R. Davidson
3557:Harold S. Johnston
3391:William S. Johnson
3355:George C. Pimentel
3190:Susan L. Lindquist
3172:Francis S. Collins
3066:Victor A. McKusick
3041:Francisco J. Ayala
3023:Nancy C. Andreasen
2973:Robert A. Weinberg
2747:Har Gobind Khorana
2732:Michael E. DeBakey
2719:George Emil Palade
2691:Wendell L. Roelofs
2681:Howard L. Bachrach
2511:Barbara McClintock
2413:Edward F. Knipling
1920:www.chem.upenn.edu
1775:"2011 ACS Fellows"
885:on 6 February 2018
394:hydrogen tunneling
372:Independent career
296:Weizmann Institute
285:Edward R. Thornton
152:Edward R. Thornton
5798:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5727:Esther M. Conwell
5667:Robert N. Clayton
5659:Riccardo Giacconi
5623:Raymond Davis Jr.
5511:Albert Overhauser
5454:Edwin M. McMillan
5415:Arnold O. Beckman
5392:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
5369:Paul C. Lauterbur
5346:Robert Hofstadter
5298:Maurice Goldhaber
5285:Charles H. Townes
5236:Edward M. Purcell
5203:Frederick Rossini
5057:Wolfgang Panofsky
4988:John H. Van Vleck
4904:Physical sciences
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4856:Solomon W. Golomb
4816:Andrew J. Viterbi
4811:Leonard Kleinrock
4758:Calyampudi R. Rao
4726:Ronald R. Coifman
4634:George F. Carrier
4615:Donald C. Spencer
4610:Saunders Mac Lane
4545:Marshall H. Stone
4495:Shiing-Shen Chern
4402:Solomon Lefschetz
4364:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4301:David J. Wineland
4269:John M. Prausnitz
4210:C. Kumar N. Patel
4205:James L. Flanagan
4173:John Roy Whinnery
4160:H. Guyford Stever
4142:Nick Holonyak Jr.
4105:George W. Housner
4100:Willis M. Hawkins
4095:Daniel C. Drucker
4077:Robert Byron Bird
4069:Bernard M. Oliver
3976:Peter C. Goldmark
3963:Wernher von Braun
3909:George E. Mueller
3882:Nathan M. Newmark
3877:J. Presper Eckert
3856:Claude E. Shannon
3825:Charles S. Draper
3774:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3741:Judith P. Klinman
3625:Gábor A. Somorjai
3536:Isabella L. Karle
3523:George S. Hammond
3484:Gertrude B. Elion
3437:Rudolph A. Marcus
3288:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3214:Ralph L. Brinster
3133:Torsten N. Wiesel
3110:Norman E. Borlaug
3097:Solomon H. Snyder
3092:J. Michael Bishop
3051:Mario R. Capecchi
2931:Salome G. Waelsch
2862:E. Donnall Thomas
2737:Theodor O. Diener
2636:Paul Alfred Weiss
2464:Bernard B. Brodie
2400:George G. Simpson
2344:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2289:Michael I. Posner
2190:Eleanor J. Gibson
2142:George J. Stigler
2110:Neal Elgar Miller
1803:www.chem.tamu.edu
1512:www.nasonline.org
1309:(12): 2267–2272.
1262:(12): 2259–2266.
1215:(12): 2253–2259.
1114:(11): 2126–2131.
1015:(16): 4390–4394.
879:"Klinman, Judith"
731:Catalyst Magazine
408:Honors and awards
362:ATP citrate lyase
332:Charles A. Vernon
324:Mill Hill, London
316:Norman R. Klinman
253:Drexel University
201:Judith P. Klinman
198:
197:
157:Doctoral students
99:Scientific career
93:
5868:
5846:Women biologists
5610:Gilbert F. White
5555:George Wetherill
5449:Allan M. Cormack
5407:Jack Steinberger
5387:D. Allan Bromley
5336:H. Richard Crane
5313:Frederick Reines
5303:Helmut Landsberg
5218:George Uhlenbeck
5119:Vladimir Haensel
5081:Allan R. Sandage
5052:Herbert C. Brown
5034:Herbert Friedman
4960:Leon M. Lederman
4932:Julian Schwinger
4911:
4900:
4869:Alexandre Chorin
4843:Richard A. Tapia
4824:David B. Mumford
4652:Alberto Calderón
4597:Joseph B. Keller
4584:Michael Freedman
4553:Herman Goldstine
4407:H. Marston Morse
4381:
4370:
4309:Rudolf E. Kálmán
4293:Robert S. Langer
4285:Jan D. Achenbach
4118:Herbert E. Grier
3869:Igor I. Sikorsky
3830:Othmar H. Ammann
3791:
3780:
3746:Jerrold Meinwald
3515:Norman Hackerman
3494:Glenn T. Seaborg
3409:William O. Baker
3337:F. Albert Cotton
3305:
3294:
3271:Mary-Claire King
3164:Bert W. O'Malley
3120:Thomas E. Starzl
3115:Phillip A. Sharp
3102:Charles Yanofsky
3084:Evelyn M. Witkin
3079:James E. Darnell
2905:Paul C. Zamecnik
2870:Mary Ellen Avery
2842:Herbert W. Boyer
2837:Baruj Benacerraf
2808:Joshua Lederberg
2798:Viktor Hamburger
2760:Michael S. Brown
2606:Robert H. Burris
2361:
2350:
2297:Mortimer Mishkin
2222:William K. Estes
2206:Roger N. Shepard
2198:Robert K. Merton
2182:George A. Miller
2129:Herbert A. Simon
2097:
2086:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2045:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2028:Psychology Today
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2003:Presence Therapy
1995:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1960:
1951:(9): 6072–6083.
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1843:"Judith Klinman"
1839:
1833:
1832:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1734:. Archived from
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:on 4 August 2012
1623:
1617:
1616:
1610:
1602:
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1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1508:"Judith Klinman"
1504:
1498:
1497:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1391:. Archived from
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1358:
1350:
1335:
1334:
1294:
1288:
1287:
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1194:
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1191:
1190:
1176:
1167:
1166:
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1140:
1139:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1076:
1066:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1000:
994:
993:
983:
973:
949:
916:
915:
904:
895:
894:
892:
890:
875:
866:
865:
859:
851:
849:
848:
842:
835:
827:
818:
817:
815:
814:
799:
790:
789:
787:
786:
772:
766:
765:
763:
762:
748:
742:
741:
739:
738:
723:
717:
716:
714:
713:
698:
659:
658:
656:
655:
649:
642:
634:
366:citrate synthase
257:Great Depression
209:enzyme catalysis
194:
191:
189:
187:
185:
183:
181:
179:
177:
148:Doctoral advisor
142:
91:
80:
51:
47:
45:
33:
19:
5876:
5875:
5871:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5865:
5801:
5800:
5799:
5786:
5774:Sean C. Solomon
5736:
5688:Daniel Kleppner
5680:Lonnie Thompson
5675:Ralph A. Alpher
5641:W. Jason Morgan
5628:Charles Keeling
5618:Marvin L. Cohen
5585:
5568:John N. Bahcall
5563:Don L. Anderson
5529:Peter Goldreich
5482:Steven Weinberg
5434:
5364:Walter Elsasser
5341:Herman Feshbach
5255:
5193:Samuel Goudsmit
5185:Chien-Shiung Wu
5124:Frederick Seitz
5091:John A. Wheeler
5076:Robert H. Dicke
5061:
4924:Luis W. Alvarez
4905:
4886:
4874:David Blackwell
4828:
4779:Carl R. de Boor
4750:Karen Uhlenbeck
4730:
4684:Louis Nirenberg
4619:
4592:Ralph E. Gomory
4530:
4526:Donald E. Knuth
4513:Hassler Whitney
4451:
4375:
4356:
4321:
4253:Andreas Acrivos
4230:
4218:Eli Ruckenstein
4197:Hermann A. Haus
4168:Calvin F. Quate
4155:Luna B. Leopold
4122:
4013:
3999:Robert N. Noyce
3989:Emmett N. Leith
3948:Manson Benedict
3930:Rudolf Kompfner
3894:
3848:Warren K. Lewis
3785:
3766:
3700:
3662:Peter B. Dervan
3633:John I. Brauman
3592:
3544:Norman Davidson
3471:John D. Roberts
3446:
3414:Konrad E. Bloch
3360:Richard N. Zare
3322:
3299:
3280:
3237:Sallie Chisholm
3219:Rudolf Jaenisch
3199:
3182:J. Craig Venter
3141:Rita R. Colwell
3008:
2994:David Baltimore
2885:Robert W. Kates
2857:David G. Nathan
2852:Edward B. Lewis
2822:
2818:Harland G. Wood
2813:Roger W. Sperry
2668:Glenn W. Burton
2640:
2616:Arthur Kornberg
2583:Roger Guillemin
2560:Hallowell Davis
2524:Daniel I. Arnon
2516:Albert B. Sabin
2496:
2469:Detlev W. Bronk
2441:Harry F. Harlow
2436:Kenneth S. Cole
2423:William C. Rose
2395:Francis P. Rous
2355:
2336:
2301:
2281:Gordon H. Bower
2242:
2238:Robert M. Solow
2154:
2150:Milton Friedman
2114:
2091:
2080:
2072:
2042:
2041:
2032:
2030:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1924:
1922:
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1814:
1797:
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1773:
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1759:
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1748:
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1726:
1725:
1721:
1712:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1687:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1640:
1638:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1582:"Archived copy"
1580:
1579:
1575:
1566:
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1555:
1554:
1550:
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1516:
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1484:
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1197:
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1186:
1178:
1177:
1170:
1161:
1159:
1157:www.scripps.edu
1151:
1150:
1143:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1087:
1085:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1002:
1001:
997:
951:
950:
919:
906:
905:
898:
888:
886:
877:
876:
869:
852:
846:
844:
840:
833:
831:"Archived copy"
829:
828:
821:
812:
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793:
784:
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636:
635:
626:
621:
589:
551:
410:
374:
308:kinetic studies
273:
241:
174:
140:
111:
78:
72:Alma mater
57:
52:
49:
43:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5874:
5872:
5864:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5803:
5802:
5796:
5795:
5792:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5779:
5776:
5771:
5769:Burton Richter
5766:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5744:
5742:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5722:Yakir Aharonov
5719:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5690:
5685:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5669:
5664:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5636:Richard Garwin
5633:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5600:Willis E. Lamb
5597:
5593:
5591:
5587:
5586:
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5583:
5578:
5573:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5557:
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5547:
5542:
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5534:
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5521:
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5513:
5508:
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5500:
5495:
5492:
5487:
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5479:
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5469:
5466:
5461:
5456:
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5446:
5442:
5440:
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5435:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5359:Philip Abelson
5356:
5353:
5351:Chen-Ning Yang
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5325:
5320:
5318:Bruno B. Rossi
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5275:Yoichiro Nambu
5272:
5267:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5086:John C. Slater
5083:
5078:
5073:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4973:Jacob Bjerknes
4970:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4915:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4836:
4834:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4805:
4800:
4797:
4792:
4789:
4784:
4781:
4776:
4773:
4771:James G. Glimm
4768:
4765:
4763:Elias M. Stein
4760:
4755:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4715:
4710:
4707:
4705:Shing-Tung Yau
4702:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4686:
4681:
4678:
4673:
4670:
4665:
4662:
4657:
4654:
4649:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4573:
4571:Antoni Zygmund
4568:
4563:
4560:
4558:Isadore Singer
4555:
4550:
4547:
4542:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4521:Joseph L. Doob
4518:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4500:George Dantzig
4497:
4492:
4490:John W. Backus
4487:
4484:
4479:
4476:
4471:
4468:
4466:Richard Brauer
4463:
4459:
4457:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4447:William Feller
4444:
4441:
4436:
4433:
4428:
4425:
4420:
4417:
4412:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4396:
4394:Norbert Wiener
4391:
4387:
4385:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
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4352:Thomas Kailath
4349:
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4082:H. Bolton Seed
4079:
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4066:
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4056:
4053:
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4043:
4038:
4035:
4033:Donald L. Katz
4030:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4015:
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4012:
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4006:
4004:Earl R. Parker
4001:
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3838:Hugh L. Dryden
3835:
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3720:Peter J. Stang
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3696:Marye Anne Fox
3693:
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3649:Tobin J. Marks
3646:
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3609:
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3578:Stuart A. Rice
3575:
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3559:
3554:
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3528:
3525:
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3517:
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3510:Donald J. Cram
3507:
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3479:Ronald Breslow
3476:
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3419:Elias J. Corey
3416:
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3393:
3388:
3385:
3380:
3378:Carl S. Marvel
3375:
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3350:Roald Hoffmann
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3266:Stanley Falkow
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3258:Rakesh K. Jain
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3081:
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3073:
3068:
3063:
3061:Gene E. Likens
3058:
3053:
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3046:George F. Bass
3043:
3038:
3035:
3030:
3028:Peter H. Raven
3025:
3020:
3016:
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2996:
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2962:
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2952:Alexander Rich
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2926:Daniel Nathans
2923:
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2910:
2907:
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2900:Folke K. Skoog
2897:
2892:
2890:Salvador Luria
2887:
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2880:Elvin A. Kabat
2877:
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2793:Katherine Esau
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2780:Eric R. Kandel
2777:
2772:
2767:
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2734:
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2726:
2724:Joan A. Steitz
2721:
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2701:
2698:
2696:Berta Scharrer
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2675:
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2663:Seymour Benzer
2660:
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2655:Philip Handler
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2542:Erwin Chargaff
2539:
2537:Britton Chance
2534:
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2526:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2497:
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2489:
2487:Robert Huebner
2484:
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2374:C. B. van Niel
2371:
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2356:
2353:
2346:
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2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
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2332:Albert Bandura
2329:
2326:
2324:Robert Axelrod
2321:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
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2286:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2270:
2267:
2265:R. Duncan Luce
2262:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2214:Paul Samuelson
2211:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2187:
2184:
2179:
2176:
2174:Patrick Suppes
2171:
2169:Leonid Hurwicz
2166:
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2160:
2156:
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2144:
2139:
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2048:
2040:
2039:
2014:
1990:
1931:
1907:
1885:
1874:on 31 May 2016
1859:
1834:
1812:
1790:
1766:
1741:
1738:on 2018-02-07.
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53:
48:April 17, 1941
39:
35:
34:
26:
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22:
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
5873:
5862:
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5844:
5842:
5841:Living people
5839:
5837:
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5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
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5757:
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5746:
5745:
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5739:
5733:
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5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5714:James E. Gunn
5712:
5710:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5683:
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5676:
5673:
5670:
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5646:Edward Witten
5644:
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5493:
5491:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5464:Roger Revelle
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5431:
5430:Henry Stommel
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5420:Eugene Parker
5418:
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5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
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5309:
5306:
5304:
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5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5280:Edward Teller
5278:
5276:
5273:
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5268:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5246:Lyman Spitzer
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5165:Hans A. Bethe
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5112:
5110:
5109:Maurice Ewing
5107:
5105:
5104:Carl Djerassi
5102:
5099:
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5096:Saul Winstein
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5044:Eugene Wigner
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5029:Paul Bartlett
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5016:Louis Hammett
5014:
5012:
5011:Gregory Breit
5009:
5007:
5006:Francis Birch
5004:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
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4968:
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4965:William Rubey
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4882:Michael Artin
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4795:Bradley Efron
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4721:Felix Browder
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4708:
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4697:Stephen Smale
4695:
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4644:John McCarthy
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4605:Samuel Karlin
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4415:Oscar Zariski
4413:
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4189:Ray W. Clough
4187:
4184:
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4181:Alfred Y. Cho
4179:
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4051:John G. Trump
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3864:Edwin H. Land
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3812:Vannevar Bush
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3728:Allen J. Bard
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50:(age 83)
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
5756:Sandra Faber
5751:Sidney Drell
5581:Leo Kadanoff
5576:James Cronin
5524:Hans Dehmelt
5459:Robert Pound
5425:Robert Sharp
5241:John Sinfelt
5208:Verner Suomi
5175:Lewis Sarett
5039:Lars Onsager
4983:Henry Eyring
4950:John Bardeen
4692:Richard Karp
4660:Allen Newell
4439:Jerzy Neyman
4064:Tung-Yen Lin
4041:Bill Hewlett
3971:Morris Cohen
3565:John W. Cahn
3466:Karl Folkers
3227:Lucy Shapiro
3177:Elaine Fuchs
3056:Ann Graybiel
2986:Janet Rowley
2968:James Watson
2960:Ruth Patrick
2803:Philip Leder
2673:Mildred Cohn
2621:Severo Ochoa
2598:E. O. Wilson
2031:. Retrieved
2027:
2017:
2006:. Retrieved
2002:
1993:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1923:. Retrieved
1919:
1910:
1897:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:the original
1862:
1851:. Retrieved
1837:
1824:
1815:
1802:
1793:
1782:. Retrieved
1778:
1769:
1758:. Retrieved
1744:
1736:the original
1731:
1722:
1711:. Retrieved
1697:
1686:. Retrieved
1672:
1659:
1650:
1639:. Retrieved
1635:the original
1630:
1621:
1596:. Retrieved
1576:
1565:. Retrieved
1551:
1540:. Retrieved
1526:
1515:. Retrieved
1511:
1502:
1489:
1480:
1469:. Retrieved
1465:
1456:
1445:. Retrieved
1441:
1432:
1421:. Retrieved
1417:
1408:
1397:. Retrieved
1393:the original
1383:
1372:. Retrieved
1365:the original
1360:
1306:
1303:Biochemistry
1302:
1292:
1259:
1256:Biochemistry
1255:
1245:
1212:
1209:Biochemistry
1208:
1198:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:
1160:. Retrieved
1156:
1111:
1108:Biochemistry
1107:
1097:
1086:. Retrieved
1054:
1050:
1012:
1008:
998:
961:
957:
911:
887:. Retrieved
883:the original
845:. Retrieved
811:. Retrieved
783:. Retrieved
779:
770:
759:. Retrieved
755:
746:
735:. Retrieved
733:. 2018-05-01
730:
721:
710:. Retrieved
706:
652:. Retrieved
578:
572:practice in
567:
552:
474:Remsen Award
391:
383:
375:
351:
336:
293:
274:
242:
217:Barack Obama
200:
199:
134:
119:Institutions
109:Biochemistry
98:
5811:1941 births
5709:Berni Alder
5516:Frank Press
5397:Walter Kohn
5374:George Pake
5308:Walter Munk
5231:Herman Mark
5213:Henry Taube
5001:Jesse Beams
4955:Peter Debye
4937:Harold Urey
4861:Barry Mazur
4423:John Milnor
4317:Amnon Yariv
4261:Leo Beranek
4087:Ernst Weber
3940:Abel Wolman
3531:Thomas Cech
3461:Elkan Blout
3401:Max Tishler
3318:Roger Adams
3276:Simon Levin
2742:Harry Eagle
2565:Paul Gyorgy
2257:Gary Becker
1418:www.nsf.gov
964:(1): 1–24.
780:www.nsf.gov
304:heavy water
289:imidiazoles
161:Natalie Ahn
62:Nationality
5805:Categories
5503:Vera Rubin
5142:Paul Flory
4803:Hyman Bass
4676:John Cocke
4579:Raoul Bott
4482:Kurt Gödel
4474:John Tukey
4431:Paul Cohen
4046:George Low
4009:Simon Ramo
3232:Leroy Hood
3033:Carl Woese
2981:Bruce Ames
2492:Ernst Mayr
2033:2021-05-24
2008:2021-05-24
1925:2020-01-30
1853:2016-06-07
1784:2020-01-30
1760:2016-12-30
1713:2016-09-24
1688:2018-02-06
1641:2018-03-21
1631:archive.fo
1598:2014-07-11
1567:2015-08-29
1542:2018-02-06
1517:2020-01-30
1471:2020-01-30
1447:2020-01-30
1423:2020-01-30
1399:2017-09-26
1374:2020-01-29
1189:2020-01-30
1162:2021-05-24
1088:2020-01-30
889:6 February
847:2016-07-23
813:2018-02-06
785:2021-05-24
761:2021-05-24
737:2021-05-24
712:2021-05-24
654:2018-02-06
619:References
379:Biophysics
343:Irwin Rose
239:Early life
231:, and the
44:1941-04-17
5498:Val Fitch
4566:Peter Lax
4336:Shu Chien
3583:John Ross
3298:Chemistry
2686:Paul Berg
2078:laureates
1967:0021-9258
1660:www.uu.se
1442:f1000.com
1323:0006-2960
1276:0006-2960
1229:0006-2960
1128:0006-2960
1029:0002-7863
527:from the
454:, Sweden.
402:cofactors
358:aconitate
354:isomerism
352:cis-trans
180:.berkeley
113:Chemistry
5477:Ed Stone
2474:Jay Lush
1985:22247548
1902:Archived
1847:Archived
1829:Archived
1807:Archived
1754:Archived
1707:Archived
1682:Archived
1664:Archived
1607:cite web
1589:Archived
1561:Archived
1536:Archived
1494:Archived
1083:28830931
990:31220975
856:cite web
838:Archived
807:Archived
645:Archived
186:/klinman
66:American
1976:3307307
1825:nsf.gov
1331:5165527
1284:5114988
1237:5114987
1180:"NSTMF"
1136:4327401
1074:5633103
981:6956981
574:Oakland
184:/jukgrp
171:Website
1983:
1973:
1965:
1329:
1321:
1282:
1274:
1235:
1227:
1134:
1126:
1081:
1071:
1027:
988:
978:
587:Videos
300:Israel
188:_group
178:.cchem
141:(1966)
139:
130:Thesis
105:Fields
92:(2012)
85:Awards
5741:2010s
5590:2000s
5439:1990s
5260:1980s
5066:1970s
4914:1960s
4833:2010s
4735:2000s
4624:1990s
4535:1980s
4456:1970s
4384:1960s
4326:2010s
4235:2000s
4127:1990s
4018:1980s
3899:1970s
3794:1960s
3705:2010s
3597:2000s
3451:1990s
3327:1980s
3308:1960s
3204:2010s
3013:2000s
2827:1990s
2645:1980s
2501:1970s
2364:1960s
2306:2010s
2247:2000s
2159:1990s
2119:1980s
2100:1960s
1878:1 May
1592:(PDF)
1585:(PDF)
1368:(PDF)
1357:(PDF)
1184:NSTMF
841:(PDF)
834:(PDF)
648:(PDF)
641:(PDF)
534:2017
523:2015
516:2014
472:2005
441:1995
413:1988
399:redox
192:.html
190:/Home
5778:2014
5765:2012
5747:2011
5718:2009
5705:2008
5692:2007
5684:2006
5671:2005
5663:2004
5650:2003
5632:2002
5614:2001
5596:2000
5572:1999
5559:1998
5541:1997
5533:1996
5520:1995
5507:1994
5494:1993
5486:1992
5468:1991
5445:1990
5411:1989
5383:1988
5355:1987
5327:1986
5289:1983
5266:1982
5222:1979
5189:1976
5161:1975
5133:1974
5100:1973
5072:1970
5048:1969
5025:1968
4997:1967
4969:1966
4946:1965
4928:1964
4920:1963
4878:2013
4865:2012
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