48:
750:
748:
789:
1146:
757:, p. 329: "(...) most of the settled clans of the main Nile are regarded as descendants of a certain Ja'al, who is, furthermore, stated to have been an 'Abbasid. Disregarding this assertion (a typical genealogical sophistication), we may reasonably see in these Ja'aliyyun the descendants of the arabized Nubians of the late Middle Ages".
364:
forces attacked
Metemmeh, killing several thousand Ja’alin, including women and children, with the killings continuing in the following year. As a consequence, Ja’alin tribesmen supported the Anglo-Egyptian forces on their advance on Omdurman in 1898, including supplying an irregular force of 2,500
390:
Some Ja'alin still farm and raise livestock along the banks of the Nile River, but in the 21st century, they more commonly make up a large part of the
Sudanese urban population, forming a large part of the merchant class. Although many have moved to cities, such as the Sudanese capital of Khartoum,
381:
which has historically served as their tribal capital. The area is very hot and dry, with an average yearly rainfall of about three inches. In the summer, which lasts from April through
November, daytime temperatures can reach as high as 120 to 130 °F (49 to 54 °C).
268:
in 1888, the name Ja'alin does not seem to be derived from any founder of a tribe, but rather from the root Ja'al, an Arabic word meaning "to put" or "to stay", and in this sense it is those who settle. Various researchers have suggested that the Ja'alin are
391:
they still maintain their tribal identity and solidarity. Famous for maintaining ties with their origins, they keep in contact with their original home and return for frequent visits, especially for marriages, funerals and Muslim festivals.
735:
733:
765:
763:
321:'s son and his cortege at a banquet. The revolt was mercilessly suppressed, and the Ja'alin were thence forward looked on with suspicion. They were almost the first of the northern tribes to join the
403:. In 1889, the Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain claimed that the Arabic spoken in Sudan was "a pure but archaic Arabic". The pronunciation of certain letters was like
265:
356:
refused an offer from their leaders for the Ja’alin themselves to protect this stretch of the Nile from advancing Anglo-Egyptian forces, the Ja'alin leaders requested protection from
411:, such as g being the pronunciation for the Arabic letter Qāf and J being the pronunciation for Jeem. According to a source, the tribe allegedly once spoke a now extinct dialect of
742:, pp. 557-558: "Although claiming a purely Arab pedigree, they are in fact made up overwhelmingly of Arabized Nubians, with only a small admixture of genuinely Arab blood".
1040:
675:
Abdurahman Wad-el-Nejumi, Commander-in-Chief of the
Dervish Force which recently invaded Egypt, was by birth an Arab of the JAALIN tribe, a powerful and warlike race of arabs
304:
307:
they were the most powerful of Arab tribes in the Nile valley. They submitted at first, but in 1822 rebelled and massacred the
Egyptian garrison at Shendi with the
337:
1134:
809:
804:
718:
668:
638:
589:
540:
377:
This group of over four million people live in cities and large towns along the banks of the Nile River, especially in the ancient town of
1112:
1366:
1127:
1103:
864:
772:, p. 223: "Despite their claim of an Arab pedigree, the Ja'aliyin may also be considered a southern group of Arabized Nubians".
1029:
840:
1120:
566:
The Ja'alin claim descent from Abbas, the uncle of
Muhammad, of the Koreish tribe, and they are undoubtedly of Arab origin
261:
937:
969:
1351:
596:
the tribal story of the Gamuia a tribe of Arab descent who claim to be one of the Jaalin confederations of Arabs.
1371:
854:
1356:
1205:
1175:
253:
197:
1000:
1361:
613:. London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine by Blackwell Scientific Publications. 1914. p. 130.
1065:
Ibrahim, Abdullahi Ali (1988). "Breaking the Pen of Harold
Macmichael: The Ja'aliyyin Identity Revisited".
353:
504:
330:
318:
1332:
1041:"Präarabische Sprachen der Ja'aliyin und Ababde in der europäischen Literatur des 19. Jahrhunderts"
1082:
1056:
Holt, P. M. (1970). "The
Nilotic Sudan". In P. M. Holt; Ann K. S. Lambton; Bernard Lewis (eds.).
906:
547:
Arab tribes arrived in Sudan in three main waves, beginning in the 12th century with the Ja'alin.
366:
365:
cavalry, which helped clear the east bank of the Nile of
Mahdist fighters in the days before the
352:. They feared the occupation would be oppressive, threatening both lives and property. After the
645:
but we also find among them people of Arab origin, e.g. the Ja'alin or Jaliya, and the
Tshrata.
47:
1099:
1025:
860:
836:
714:
688:
664:
658:
634:
628:
585:
579:
536:
288:
According to their own tradition, the Ja'alin emigrated to Sudan in the 12th century with the
245:
221:
193:
559:
1320:
1245:
1200:
1195:
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1074:
898:
794:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
427:
was sometimes classed with the Ja'alin, but the Ja'alin themselves rejected this inclusion.
412:
217:
1285:
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408:
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277:
237:
185:
142:
107:
886:
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1290:
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581:
Charity Drops: Water Provision and the Politics of the Zakat Chamber in Khartoum, Sudan
357:
297:
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61:
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404:
361:
341:
150:
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1300:
1220:
1180:
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690:
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government
708:
608:
530:
216:. According to a source, the tribe allegedly once spoke a now extinct dialect of
270:
117:
710:
The Making of the Modern Sudan: The Life and Letters of Sir Douglas Newbold ...
564:. Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 1888. p. 16.
436:
213:
79:
17:
891:
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1094:
Kramer, Robert S.; Lobban, Richard A. Jr.; Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2013).
1002:
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
561:
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
424:
349:
326:
308:
257:
209:
201:
177:
158:
75:
813:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 103.
344:
forces to occupy the Ja’alin town of Metemmeh, a strategic point on the
340:
began in 1896. In July 1897 Ja'alin tribal leaders refused to allow the
333:
so difficult. The Ja'alin then became a semi-nomad agricultural people.
196:
and married into the local Nubian population. Ja'al was a descendant of
1275:
1270:
1215:
1185:
910:
273:
249:
181:
161:
94:
1086:
378:
902:
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1154:
1145:
322:
241:
233:
189:
165:
154:
204:. The Ja'alin formerly occupied the country on both banks of the
1240:
345:
313:
296:. Since the 16th century, they were formerly tributaries to the
289:
205:
71:
1116:
1005:. Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 1888.
725:
The main Arab tribes are Shaigia and Jaalin, light-coloured.
266:
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1051:. Sudanarchäologische Gesellschaft zu Berlin e.V: 135–152.
827:
825:
769:
360:, commander of the Anglo-Egyptian army. In response, the
1067:
The International Journal of African Historical Studies
887:"On the Tribes of the Nile Valley, North of Khartum"
236:
origin and trace their origins to Ibrahim Ja'al, an
630:
Sahara and Sudan: Kawar, Bornu, Kanem, Borku, Enned
325:in 1884, and it was their position to the north of
113:
103:
93:
85:
67:
57:
32:
529:Ibbotson, Sophie; Lovell-Hoare, Max (2012-11-26).
615:The boy was an Arab belonging to the Jaalin tribe
176:tribes in northern Sudan - the others being the
168:. The Ja'alin constitute a large portion of the
633:. University of California Press. p. 354.
184:. They trace their origin to Ibrahim Ja'al, an
1128:
660:A Good Dusting: The Sudan Campaigns 1883-1899
276:. A few 19th-century travellers claimed that
240:noble, whose clan originally hailed from the
224:have come from the Ja'alin tribal coalition.
188:noble, whose clan originally hailed from the
8:
36:
292:, but have settled in the Sudan before the
1135:
1121:
1113:
578:Abdalla, Salma Mohamed Abdalmunim (2017).
46:
942:. Chapman & Hall London, Chapter VII.
859:. United Kingdom: Pen & Sword Books.
819:, edited by Count Gleichen (London, 1905)
782:
780:
778:
923:
693:. H. M. Stationery Office. p. 360.
610:Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
499:
497:
220:as late as the nineteenth century. Many
856:Omar Al-Bashir and Africa's Longest War
831:O'Fahey, R. S., Spaulding, Jay (1974):
770:Kramer, Lobban & Fluehr-Lobban 2013
472:
448:
423:Historically, a small group called the
338:Anglo-Egyptian re-conquest of the Sudan
1073:(2). African Studies Center: 217–231.
264:, uncle of Muhammad. According to the
252:population. Ja'al was a descendant of
29:
1060:. Vol. 2A. Cambridge University.
880:
878:
876:
739:
260:. The Ja'alin trace their lineage to
52:Warrior from the tribe of the Ja'alin
7:
754:
584:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 101.
535:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 28.
415:as late as the nineteenth century.
172:and are one of the three prominent
146:
37:
1096:Historical Dictionary of the Sudan
853:Moorcraft, Paul (April 30, 2015).
25:
1144:
989:. Collins. pp. 47 & 90.
787:
657:Keown-Boyd, Henry (1986-11-24).
974:. Longmans. pp. 57, 91–93.
885:Wilson, Sir Charles W. (1888),
348:, 180 kilometres downstream of
1058:The Cambridge History of Islam
713:Greenwood Press. p. 481.
687:Gleichen, Lord Edward (1905).
663:. Pen and Sword. p. 275.
329:which made communication with
1:
707:Newbold, Sir Douglas (1974).
280:was still spoken among them.
27:Arab tribe in northern Sudan
399:The Ja'alin entirely speak
248:and married into the local
1388:
1039:Gerhards, Gabriel (2023).
1020:Adams, William Y. (1977).
968:Winston Churchill (1899).
627:Nachtigal, Gustav (1971).
1367:Hashemite people in Sudan
1329:
1161:
1022:Nubia. Corridor to Africa
305:Egyptian invasion in 1820
45:
1024:. Princeton University.
939:Sudan Campaign 1896-1899
817:The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
985:Philip Ziegler (1973).
953:Philip Ziegler (1973).
835:. Methuen Young Books.
810:Encyclopædia Britannica
971:The River War volume 2
957:. Collins. p. 55.
936:‘An Officer’ (1899).
914:(see pages 16 and 17)
833:Kingdoms of the Sudan
222:Sudanese politicians
74:river basin between
926:, pp. 140–141.
298:Sultanate of Sennar
232:The Ja'alin are of
695:Jaalin Tribe, Arab
367:Battle of Omdurman
319:Muhammad Ali Pasha
317:) burning Ismail,
1339:
1338:
1098:. The Scarecrow.
720:978-0-8371-7233-0
670:978-0-436-23288-6
640:978-0-520-01789-4
591:978-3-643-90928-2
542:978-1-84162-413-6
505:"Gaalin in Sudan"
358:General Kitchener
311:, a Ja'ali King (
246:Arabian Peninsula
194:Arabian Peninsula
123:
122:
16:(Redirected from
1379:
1372:Nubians in Sudan
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1045:Der Antike Sudan
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803:, ed. (1911). "
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401:Sudanese Arabic
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149:) are a tribal
108:Sudanese Arabic
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256:, an uncle of
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170:Sudanese Arabs
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1047:(in German).
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512:. Retrieved
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484:. Retrieved
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18:Ja'Alin
1333:Arab tribes
1151:Arab tribes
290:Nile valley
118:Sunni Islam
1346:Categories
1196:Beni Halba
1031:0691093709
1014:Literature
843:. pp.28-29
841:0416774504
815:Citation:
740:Adams 1977
419:Sub-groups
407:, and not
86:Population
1246:Husseinat
1226:Habbaniya
1201:Dubasiyin
755:Holt 1970
437:Zubayrids
386:Lifestyle
214:Abu Hamad
164:tribe in
135:Ja'aliyin
89:2,880,000
80:Abu Hamad
58:Ethnicity
1331:Part of
1311:Shaigiya
1291:Rizeigat
1286:Rashaida
1281:Messiria
1256:Kababish
987:Omdurman
955:Omdurman
897:: 3–25,
431:See also
425:Meyrifab
409:Egyptian
395:Language
373:Location
350:Omdurman
327:Khartoum
309:Mek Nimr
294:Shaigiya
271:Arabized
258:Muhammad
254:al-Abbas
210:Khartoum
202:Muhammad
198:al-Abbas
178:Shaigiya
159:Arabised
131:Ja'aliya
114:Religion
104:Language
76:Khartoum
68:Location
1321:Taʽisha
1316:Shukria
1296:Rubatab
1276:Manasir
1271:Mahamid
1261:Kawahla
1251:Ja'alin
1236:Hawazma
1231:Hasania
1216:Gawamaa
1191:Bedaria
1186:Batahin
911:2841664
805:Jā'alin
798::
481:"Sudan"
362:Mahdist
354:Khalifa
342:Mahdist
303:At the
284:History
274:Nubians
244:in the
238:Abbasid
192:in the
186:Abbasid
182:Danagla
153:and an
127:Ja'alin
95:Demonym
33:Ja'alin
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