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418:, Cant traveled overland to the John Day country of Oregon, an area that already had many Scottish immigrants. Alexander Murray, who owned a large ranch west of Dayville, hired Cant as a sheep herder. By 1908, Cant had saved enough money to send for his childhood sweetheart, Elizabeth Grant, who was still in Scotland. They were married in Canyon City on October 10, 1908. Cant continued to work on the Murray ranch for two more years, until he had saved enough to join with Mason in purchasing the Officer ranch.
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chickens and the shed is used to store feed and ranch equipment. The
National Park Service also replaced the original roofs on all these buildings in the 1980s to help preserve the structures. There is also small log cabin behind the main house. It is the only remaining structure that dates back to the Officer homestead period. The Officer family used the log cabin for storage, as did the Cant family.
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guest. To accommodate their growing family, an expanding livestock business and their many guests, the Cants undertook a major expansion of the ranch between 1915 and 1918, replacing most of the original building constructed by the
Officer family. As part of this expansion, Cant built a large main house that became the centerpiece of the ranch complex.
454:; however, the shortage of labor made raising sheep increasingly difficult. As a result, Cant transitioned from sheep to cattle production in 1946. Over the next three decades the Cant's cattle operation grew and prospered. By 1965, the Cant ranch covered 6,500 acres (26 km) plus an additional 4,500 acres (18 km) leased from the
528:; however, it is in very poor condition and is not open to the public. The Cant family built two hand-operated cable cars for crossing the river, but only one is still operational. The ranch property displays original irrigation ditches, fences, gates, and feed racks plus vintage equipment purchased from the Cant family in 1978.
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is a workshop and a small shed west of the barn. The
National Park Service uses these building for their original purposes. The larger building is a maintenance shop and the small structure is used for general-purpose storage. East of the barn is a one-room wood-frame watchman's cabin, used by shepherds during the
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The Cant Ranch national historic district is located along the John Day River in northeastern Oregon. The elevation of the ranch is 2,244 feet (684 m) above sea level. Sheep Rock is a prominent geographic feature located approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of the ranch complex and can
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The Cant Ranch is located within the boundaries of the Sheep Rock Unit of the John Day Fossil Beds
National Monument. Highway 19 runs through the ranch property on the west side of the John Day River. The ranch complex is located on the east side of the roadway. The Thomas Condon Visitor Center
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with wood-shingles. Inside there are twelve bays divided into a number of stalls, holding pens, and storage areas. Attached to the north end of the barn is a single-story structure with stalls for sheep shearing. This structure is approximately 20 feet (6.1 m) by 60 feet (18 m). There
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that run the full length of the east and west sides of the structure. The eastern, river-view porch extends around the house, continuing about half the building's length along the north and south sides. The first floor is built around a central hallway that runs from front to back (east to west).
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When the John Day Fossil Beds
National Monument was established in 1975, the initial development plan recommended purchasing the Cant Ranch complex for use as the monument's headquarters and visitor center. The National Park Service purchased 878 acres (3.55 km) from the Cant family in 1975.
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In the 1920s, Cant acquired more land to expand his successful sheep business. He also improved the landscape around the main house, adding a large lawn, fencing the yard, and planting numerous shrubs and trees. The most important change was made by the State of Oregon, when it began construction
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After Cant and his wife moved to the ranch, it became a popular overnight stop for people traveling between
Dayville and the Columbia River. Their hospitality was well known, and it was not uncommon for the Cants to serve dinner to twenty or more people including family, ranch hands, and traveling
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Today, the Cant Ranch offers visitors the opportunity to experience eastern Oregon's ranching heritage. Because the ranch played an important role in the commercial and social development of the John Day River Valley, the Cant Ranch was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
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bought the ranch from the Cant family in 1975, and incorporated the property into the John Day Fossil Beds
National Monument. The National Park Service used the main house as a visitor center until 2003. Today, the Cant Ranch complex is preserved as an interpretive site showing visitors an early
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Closer to the main house is a bunkhouse, chicken-coop, feed storage shed, and a privy. All are wood-frame structures with wood-shingle roofs. After the
National Park Service purchased the Cant property, the bunkhouse was renovated and used to house exhibits. The chick-coop still houses live
595:, and a storage room. An open stairway in the central hall leads to the second floor. There are six bedrooms and a bathroom on the second floor. The third floor is a single open room that the Cant family used as a school room and as a gathering place for large social event.
458:. At that time the ranch was sending 500 to 600 cattle to market each year. James Cant died in 1972, and his wife died in 1973. The Cant family sold the ranch to the National Park Service in 1975 to be incorporated into the new John Day Fossil Beds National Monument.
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on the
Columbia River to Dayville. The highway follows the John Day River, passing just west of the Cant Ranch complex. It was completed in the mid-1920s, effectively ending the Cant's isolation. However, the highway was not paved until the mid-1930s.
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used the area around the John Day River for thousands of years before the arrival of European settlers. While boundaries were never clearly defined, the site that is now the Cant Ranch was used for seasonal hunting and fishing camps by
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in 1898. That same year, he married Sylvia Fitzgerald and together they began a hard pioneer life on their remote homestead. Because of his knowledge of the Butler Basin and Sheep Rock areas, Officer served as a guide for pioneer
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was built in 2003. The ranch complex is now used as an interpretive site, giving visitors the experience of an early 20th-century livestock operation. The main house and several of the other buildings are open to the public.
259:. The ranch was originally homesteaded by Floyd Officer in 1890. Officer sold the property to James Cant in 1910. Cant increased the size of the property and built a modern ranch complex on the west bank of the river. The
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where their children could attend school. The property was purchased by James Cant and his partner John Mason for $ 4,000. It included 357 acres (1.44 km) in Grant County and 320 adjoining acres (1.3 km) in
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The ranch is 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Dayville, Oregon. From Dayville, travel west 2 miles (3.2 km) on Highway 26 and then turn north on Highway 19. The ranch is 20 miles (32 km) southeast of
551:. Cant hired two carpenters, Andrew Cress and Clarence Bisbee, to oversee construction of the house. The builders combined design features from several Radford plans to create the Cant's ranch house.
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During the 1930s, there were at least seventeen buildings in the Cant Ranch complex. Today, there are eleven ranch buildings in the Cant Ranch Historic District. They are the main ranch house, a
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713:, Rocks and Hard Places, Historic Resource Study, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, 2000, p. 1.
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In 1890, Floyd Officer homesteaded land in the Butler Basin along the John Day River. He worked the property for seven years before securing a 160-acre (0.65 km)
735:; Cant Historical District], Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 19–20.
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This historic district covers approximately 200 acres (81 ha) along both sides of the John Day River. There are eleven historic buildings on the property.
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This included the main ranch complex and adjacent ranch property along the John Day River. The National Park Service used the main house as a visitor center,
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The front of the main house faces Highway 19 with the back porch overlooking the river. The house is a two and one-half-story, wood-frame structure with a
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751:, Malheur National Forest, John Day, Oregon, United States Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, John Day, Oregon, December 2004, p. 14.
773:, Historic Resource Study, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, 2000.
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612:-story timber-frame structure. Its footprint is approximately 60 feet (18 m) by 120 feet (37 m). The barn has vertical board siding and a
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The main house is the most prominent building at the ranch. It was built sometime between 1915 and 1918. It is based on architectural designs from
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905:], Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 43–47.
812:], Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 27–29.
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965:, Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 69–77.
922:, Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 51–52.
888:, Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 30–40.
790:, Cultural Resources Division, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Seattle, Washington, September 1996, pp. 21–24.
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945:, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Kimberly, Oregon, Fall/Summer 2004.
868:, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Kimberly, Oregon, August 15, 2006.
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1032:, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Kimberly, Oregon, July 10, 2010.
1020:, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Kimberly, Oregon, July 10, 2010.
1008:, John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, Kimberly, Oregon, July 10, 2010.
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to the area. This led to the founding of a number of mining towns in northeastern Oregon. The largest of these towns was
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1044:, United States Geological Survey, United States Department of Interior, Reston, Virginia; displayed via ACME mapper,
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operations in the John Day area supplied isolated mining towns with fresh meat. Initially, most ranches produced
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was discovered in Canyon Creek, tributary of the John Day River. The discovery of gold drew a large number of
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The other ranch buildings are all simple wood-frame structures. The barn was built about 1920. It is a
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National Register of Historic Places Inventory — Nomination Form: James Cant Ranch Historic District
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were the primary ranch stock by the 1890s. This coincided with a wave of Scottish, Irish, and
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easily be seen from the ranch. There is a 0.5-mile (0.80 km) hiking trail, known as the
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encouraged settlement by offering grants of 160 acres (0.65 km) to American pioneers.
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Permanent homesteaders began arriving in the John Day Valley shortly after the miners. The
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Oregon
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524:. There is also a small cabin on the east bank of the river known as
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Grant County, Oregon
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hunting expeditions. The Officers sold the ranch in 1910, moving to
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20th-century livestock ranch. The James Cant Ranch is listed on the
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Weekly announcement of National Register of Historic Places actions
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414:. He immigrated to the United States in 1905. After arriving in
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and were also using portions of the upper John Day watershed.
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Ranches on the National Register of Historic Places in Oregon
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The Cant family kept their sheep operation going through the
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National Register of Historic Places in Grant County, Oregon
251:, United States. The ranch is located on both sides of the
767:"Early Settlement in the Vicinity of the National Monument”
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390:. Cant bought out Mason's share in the property in 1915.
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is located across the highway from the ranch complex.
745:"History of Forest Transportation System Development"
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National Park Service headquarters at the Cant Ranch
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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Cultural Landscape Report; Cant Historical District
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1071:Amended National Register nomination form (2012)
402:in 1879. He left Scotland at the age of 20 for
425:The main house at the historic James Cant Ranch
362:immigrants who were experienced sheep herders.
339:and Canyon City, encouraged additional growth.
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939:"Cant Ranch House Museum opens to the Public"
749:Malheur national Forest Roads Analysis Report
535:Log cabin built by Floyd Officer in the 1890s
8:
765:Beckham, Stephen Dow and Florence K. Lentz,
709:Beckham, Stephen Dow and Florence K. Lentz,
654:, 14 miles (23 km) north of the ranch.
558:Sheep Rock looking south from the Cant Ranch
307:As a result of the arid climate, only a few
315:traveled through the area before 1862 when
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16:Historic district in Oregon, United States
1107:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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729:"Pre-Contact to Euro-American Settlement"
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327:. A wagon road, formalized in 1869 as
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1061:John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
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916:"National Park Service: 1975–Present"
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406:, where he spent five years raising
266:National Register of Historic Places
688:Geographic Names Information System
784:"Officer Homestead Era: 1890–1909"
32:James Cant Ranch Historic District
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957:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
914:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
897:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
880:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
804:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
782:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
727:Taylor, Terri and Cathy Gilbert,
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711:Indigenous Peoples and Cultures”
571:Located off the main hall are a
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1454:Museums in Grant County, Oregon
693:United States Geological Survey
543:catalog, published 1903 by the
899:"Cant Cattle Ranch: 1946–1975"
296:. By the nineteenth century,
243:is a pioneer ranch complex in
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188:Approx. 200 acres (81 ha)
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882:"Cant Sheep Ranch: 1910–1946"
806:"Cant Sheep Ranch: 1910–1946"
545:Radford Architectural Company
204:Radford Architectural Company
118:Show map of the United States
839:Toothman, Stephanie (1983),
504:and adjoining sheep pens, a
481:Thomas Condon Visitor Center
450:. It recovered some during
300:had migrated north from the
21:United States historic place
1375:National Historic Landmarks
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1042:Cant Ranch topographic map
541:The Radford American Homes
500:, a watchman's cabin, the
169:44.5556988°N 119.6452630°W
1459:History museums in Oregon
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733:Cultural Landscape Report
636:Sheep Rock Overlook Trail
456:Bureau of Land Management
217:NRHP reference
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1444:Houses completed in 1918
866:"Life at the Cant Ranch"
329:The Dalles Military Road
294:Columbia Plateau peoples
209:Architectural style
174:44.5556988; -119.6452630
66:James Cant Ranch complex
1385:National Historic Sites
479:, and office until the
398:James Cant was born in
1403:Keeper of the Register
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771:Rocks and Hard Places
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344:Homestead Act of 1862
261:National Park Service
943:John Day Fossil Beds
1380:Bridges and Tunnels
1359:South and Southwest
1006:"Sheep Rock Trails"
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1390:National Monuments
1066:Cant Ranch History
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93:Show map of Oregon
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978:(June 26, 1984),
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649:
648:Spray, Oregon
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416:New York City
413:
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404:South America
401:
393:
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384:
380:
376:
375:Thomas Condon
373:
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278:
272:Early history
271:
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250:
246:
242:
233:June 21, 1984
232:
230:Added to NRHP
228:
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41:
36:
29:
25:
19:
1046:www.acme.com
1045:
1037:
1030:"Directions"
1025:
1018:"Sheep Rock"
1013:
1001:
989:, retrieved
980:
970:
962:
959:"Structures"
942:
919:
910:
902:
893:
885:
861:
849:, retrieved
841:
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686:
683:"Cant Ranch"
677:
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632:
623:
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561:
544:
540:
538:
525:
514:chicken coop
495:
486:
480:
473:
452:World War II
445:
432:
428:
397:
364:
354:. However,
341:
306:
288:bands, both
282:Warm Springs
275:
245:Grant County
240:
238:
138:Nearest city
18:
1368:Other lists
991:January 29,
851:January 29,
577:dining room
573:living room
367:land patent
352:beef cattle
333:Fort Dalles
325:Canyon City
313:prospectors
302:Great Basin
247:in eastern
172: /
160:119°38′43″W
148:Coordinates
1438:Categories
1294:Washington
1194:Hood River
670:References
614:gable roof
492:Structures
436:Highway 19
394:James Cant
157:44°33′21″N
1354:Southeast
1349:Northwest
1344:Northeast
1269:Tillamook
1254:Multnomah
1209:Josephine
1204:Jefferson
1169:Deschutes
1139:Clackamas
1121:by county
522:log cabin
498:bunkhouse
440:Arlington
348:Livestock
292:speaking
201:Architect
196:1915–1918
1330:Portland
1274:Umatilla
1149:Columbia
658:See also
629:Location
621:season.
593:bathroom
564:hip roof
506:workshop
400:Scotland
383:Dayville
331:between
309:trappers
290:Sahaptin
286:Umatilla
224:84003000
128:Location
1304:Yamhill
1299:Wheeler
1284:Wallowa
1264:Sherman
1239:Malheur
1229:Lincoln
1214:Klamath
1199:Jackson
1179:Gilliam
1174:Douglas
1144:Clatsop
987:, p. 84
619:lambing
607:⁄
589:bedroom
581:kitchen
568:porches
549:Chicago
335:on the
255:in the
1249:Morrow
1244:Marion
1189:Harney
1134:Benton
1111:Oregon
585:parlor
477:museum
408:horses
379:fossil
360:Basque
321:miners
249:Oregon
1339:North
1332:lists
1289:Wasco
1279:Union
1184:Grant
1164:Curry
1159:Crook
1129:Baker
1119:Lists
985:(PDF)
846:(PDF)
518:privy
438:from
412:mules
356:sheep
193:Built
1259:Polk
1234:Linn
1224:Lane
1219:Lake
1154:Coos
993:2017
853:2017
510:shed
502:barn
410:and
317:gold
311:and
284:and
239:The
185:Area
1109:in
547:of
434:of
219:No.
1440::
961:,
950:^
941:,
927:^
918:,
901:,
884:,
873:^
817:^
808:,
795:^
786:,
769:,
756:^
747:,
731:,
718:^
695:,
691:.
685:.
591:,
587:,
583:,
579:,
575:,
512:,
268:.
1099:e
1092:t
1085:v
996:.
856:.
699:.
609:2
605:1
602:+
600:1
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
