155:, whom Emanuel considered his mentor. Finally in 1962 he received his degree with the support of his wife and seven-year-old son. He was able to overcome the obstacles of his personal and professional life. As the years passed Emanuel became frustrated with the state of racism in America. He was used to black writing from his own childhood but recent works were related to English masters such as Shakespeare. As he studied Hughes he realized the lack of attention that black writers received and decided to take matters into his own hands. He started to read work of black authors and intended to uncover the importance of black writers. And this is how he initiated the movement. In 1966, the first course in black poetry to be taught at CCNY. His desire was to focus on racial identity, race consciousness, and awareness of an attention to his literary forebears and contemporaries. On being offered teaching positions at universities in Europe in the late 1960s, he moved overseas. When his only child, James A. Emanuel Jr., committed suicide in Los Angeles two decades later, after being beaten by, in Emanuel's words "three cowardly cops," he vowed never to return to the United States. Emanuel eventually taught at the
129:(M.A.) while working as civilian chief in the pre-induction section of the Army and Air Force Induction Station. After a long time in this position he resigned because he thought that he had been passed over because of his race. Through his time at Northwestern he became more convinced that he wanted to write. His professors praised him for his work and called him a real poet. After hard work and rejections Emanuel was awarded a John Hay Whitney Fellowship which supported his work at Northwestern and received the M.A. degree in 1953, and his first year of work toward the Ph.D. degree at
101:
reinforced and induced
Emanuels ambition to become a writer. His childhood and adolescence were marked by racism which Emanuel says he owes less to the town's egalitarianism than to the more ideological drift of his family conversations and to his general popularity and success in school. He was a straight A student which gave him confidence to obtain a good work and successful life.
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Almost uniformly they employ traditional patterns of rhythm and rhyme, but occasionally reflect blues and jazz forms learned first, perhaps, from the poetry of
Langston Hughes. His poems reflect a racial concern and as his friend Marvin Holdt said that it also expresses the aspects of the black American experience in America, treated with bitterness and revolt.
125:. In 1950 he was awarded his bachelor's degree, summa cum laude. And in his time at Howard he found motivation to write. He published several poems in college anthologies and campus newspapers. On that same year he moved to Chicago and married Mattie Etha Johnson. He started working on his master's degree and obtained it from
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Born in
Nebraska in 1921, Emanuel was raised in the state. He comes from a family with seven children where he is the fifth. Literature has been part of his life since a really young age. He was induced into stories, poetic rhythms and prose ny various authors. Due to this and all the readings he did
104:
Emanuel, before after graduating from high school worked on farms and ranches and this work experience served as an inspiration to write poems such as "Three Chores: One
Country Day". He spent his early years in the western United States where he worked at a variety of jobs. At age twenty he joined
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His poems appear in 11 books of his own and in over 120 other volumes. His poems include "Christ, One
Morning", "Snowman", "Bojangles and Jo", and many others Emanuel is also credited with creating a new literary genre, jazz-and-blues haiku, which he read to musical accompaniment throughout Europe
192:
Emanuel was a poet, scholar, and critic. As a poet, he published more than 300 poems and 13 individual books. Emanuel has been called one of the best, and most overlooked, poets of his time. Critics have put forward several reasons for
Emanuel's poetry being neglected by the larger literary world,
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world of Black academia. On 1968 Emanuel's first poetry named "The
Treehouse and Other Poems" was published. This volume contains themes such as innocence, pain of youth and events of racism from his experience. This poems sometimes serious, sometimes ironic, sometimes lyrical, but never light.
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The anthology, published in 1968 by Free Press, was one of the first major collections of
African-American writings. This anthology, and Emanuel's work as an educator, heavily influenced the birth of the
210:'s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and was also honored with a John Hay Whitney Award, a Saxton Memorial Fellowship, and a Special Distinction Award from the Black American Literature Forum.
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88:. Emanuel, who is ranked by some critics as one of the best and most neglected poets of the 20th century, published more than 300 poems, 13 individual books, an influential anthology of
464:, African American Registry, accessed November 29, 2007. This citation states, "In the annals of American poetry it is hard to picture a more neglected poet than James A. Emanuel."
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Interview with James
Emanuel by Dan Schneider, Cosmoetica, reference to wording of Dean's Award for Distinguished Achievement received by James Emanuel in 2007 from
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133:(Ph.D.). During time at Columbia he worked as a teacher at the Harlem YWCA Business School. In 1957, He moved to New York City, where he taught at the
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He did this in order to make enough money to pay for college. He did wartime duty as a staff sergeant with the 93rd
Infantry Division in the Pacific.
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including the fact that he wrote more traditional poetic forms, that he left the United States, and the fact that he refused to take part in the
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In addition to his poetry, Emanuel also edited (with Theodore Gross) the influential anthology of African American literature
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Emanuel also worked as an editor, with his first editorial project being the publication of a collection of poetry by
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877:, edited by Trudier Harris-Lopez and Thadious M. Davis, Gale, 1985. Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 41.
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Creative Award in 1996. Emanuel was also awarded the Dean's Award for Distinguished Achievement in 2007 from
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books (1971β1975) and wrote a number of critical essays. His other published works include a memoir,
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and served as confidential secretary to the Assistant Inspector General of the U.S. Army
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with MacKinlay Kantor and Lawrence Osgood (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 256 pp.)
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In 2000 a collection of Emanuel letters and writings were placed in the United States
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by Avishay Artsy, Nebraska Public Radio interview with Emanuel, accessed May 6, 2006.
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660:"AFRO-AMERICAN POETS SINCE 1955. (Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 41)"
610:"AFRO-AMERICAN POETS SINCE 1955. (Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 41)"
526:"AFRO-AMERICAN POETS SINCE 1955. (Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 41)"
476:"AFRO-AMERICAN POETS SINCE 1955. (Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 41)"
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with Jean Migrenne and Michel Fabre (Thaon, France: Amiot/Lenganey. 173 pp.)
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James A. Emanuel: A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress
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137:(CUNY), where in the 1960s he taught the college's first class on
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by Avishay Artsy, Nebraska Public Radio interview with Emanuel
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Review of Whole Grain: The Collected Poems of James A. Emanuel
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389:"James A. Emanuel, Poet Who Wrote of Racism, Dies at 92"
906:"Whole Grain: The Collected Poems of James A. Emanuel"
581:, prepared by T. Michael Womack, Manuscript Division,
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with Theodore L. Gross (New York: Free Press. 604 pp.)
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After his discharge, he did his undergraduate work at
410:. Terebess Asia Online, accessed September 30, 2007.
234:. Included among the papers was correspondence with
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202:and Africa. For this creation he was awarded the
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307:A Chisel in the Dark (Poems Selected and New)
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1002:Academic staff of Grenoble Alpes University
220:Dark Symphony: Negro Literature in America.
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277:Dark Symphony: Negro Literature in America
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890:Emanuel, James A. βChrist, One Morning.β
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455:James Emanuel, a neglected poet from AFAR
319:The Broken Bowl (New and Collected Poems)
901:, vol. 26, no. 4, 1965, pp. 419β419
894:, vol. 30, no. 1, 1969, pp. 100β100
883:Emanuel, James A. β: James A. Emanuel.β
438:'s Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
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336:Whole Grain: Collected Poems, 1958β1989
936:Nebraska-Born Poet Finds Fame Overseas
887:, vol. 29, no. 1, 1995, pp. 92β92
423:Nebraska-Born Poet Finds Fame Overseas
1027:21st-century African-American writers
1022:20th-century African-American writers
873:Watson, Douglas. "James A. Emanuel."
665:Resources for American Literary Study
614:Resources for American Literary Study
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480:Resources for American Literary Study
144:and mentored future scholars such as
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709:"[Poetry]: James A. Emanuel"
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301:Black Man Abroad: The Toulouse Poems
931:Online audio interview with Emanuel
627:10.2307/resoamerlitestud.16.1.0244
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291:(Detroit: Broadside Press. 32 pp.)
285:(Detroit: Broadside Press. 24 pp.)
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992:City College of New York faculty
657:Rampersad, Arnold (1989-01-01).
608:Rampersad, Arnold (1989-01-01).
523:Rampersad, Arnold (1989-01-01).
474:Rampersad, Arnold (1989-01-01).
879:Gale Literature Resource Center
338:(Detroit: Lotus Press. 396 pp.)
1037:American expatriates in Poland
1012:American expatriates in France
982:Northwestern University alumni
957:People from Alliance, Nebraska
875:Afro-American Poets Since 1955
856:, accessed September 30, 2007.
327:(Detroit: Lotus Press. 82 pp.)
321:(Detroit: Lotus Press. 85 pp.)
309:(Detroit: Lotus Press. 73 pp.)
303:(Detroit: Lotus Press. 76 pp.)
163:scholar in 1968β1969), at the
117:Academic and professional life
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897:Emanuel, James A. βSnowman.β
283:The Treehouse and Other Poems
353:Reaching for Mumia: 16 Haiku
325:Deadly James and Other Poems
179:, at the time of his death.
1017:20th-century American poets
363:The Force and the Reckoning
273:(New York: Twayne. 192 pp.)
259:The Force and the Reckoning
225:African-American literature
90:African-American literature
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987:Columbia University alumni
804:Emanuel, James A. (1965).
755:Emanuel, James A. (1969).
706:Emanuel, James A. (1995).
408:"James A. Emanuel's Haiku"
315:(New York: Regents. 85pp.)
460:February 6, 2013, at the
253:Emanuel also edited five
972:Howard University alumni
869:James Emanuel's homepage
358:Jazz from the Haiku King
348:Blues in Black and White
135:City College of New York
885:African American Review
714:African American Review
598:, accessed May 6, 2006.
127:Northwestern University
952:African-American poets
165:University of Grenoble
157:University of Toulouse
977:Writers from Nebraska
758:"Christ, One Morning"
261:, published in 2001.
242:, Benjamin O. Davis,
214:Criticism and letters
111:Benjamin O. Davis Sr.
169:University of Warsaw
912:, February 16, 2006
583:Library of Congress
436:Columbia University
395:, October 11, 2013.
331:The Quagmire Effect
250:, and many others.
232:Library of Congress
208:Columbia University
195:politically correct
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919:, December 3, 2007
393:The New York Times
342:De la rage au cΕur
107:United States Army
86:Alliance, Nebraska
52:September 28, 2013
42:Alliance, Nebraska
915:Anthony Zanetti,
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71:and scholar
946:Categories
923:Emanuel's
854:Cosmoetica
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769:(1): 100.
596:Cosmoetica
369:References
96:Early life
65:Occupation
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925:The Negro
910:The Simon
832:0031-8906
807:"Snowman"
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