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charged at him, were widely noted. According to a
Wisconsin newspaper, "nobody but a regular woman could make a description of such a scene so interesting. That jerking, nervous, half breathless excitement which would embarrass the narrative of a man only adds piquancy and grace to that of a woman".
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for several weeks, as there were no public schools at the time. When she returned home, she learned that the doctor thought she was in the first stage of consumption. Her mother had already lost four of her children to illnesses. She moved with her children to
31:
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resulted in the deaths of hundreds of white settlers, Swisshelm was among those demanding the federal government punish the
Indians. She toured major cities to raise public opinion about this issue and, while in Washington, D.C., met with
200:, and started a store. After more formal study, Jane started teaching classes for village children in 1830. That year, her family learned that her older brother, William, much loved by all, had died of
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187:, leaving the family in straitened circumstances. Jane worked at manual labor, doing lace making and painting on velvet, and her mother colored leghorn and straw hats. At twelve, she was sent to
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was nominated for the presidency, Swisshelm spoke and wrote in his behalf. When the
American Civil War began and nurses were wanted at the front, she was one of the first to respond. After the
463:. He offered her a clerkship in the government. She sold her Minnesota paper and continued to work as an army nurse during the Civil War in the Washington area until her job became available.
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was unconstitutional, so the state's prohibition against slavery could not be enforced. More
Southerners migrated to St. Cloud and Minnesota with slaves. After the outbreak of the
300:, she became the first female reporter admitted to the reporters gallery of the U. S. Senate. Both her presence and her account of that day's fracas, in which Mississippi Senator
339:, a Southern slaveholder and Indian trader who had settled in the area in 1847. Politically influential, he had been elected to the Territorial Council, and as the city's first
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680:
1119:
1099:
1154:
1149:
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244:
971:
Narratives and
Documents Volume II, Minnesota Historical Society, Saint Paul Minnesota, 1934. Full text available online at Library of Congress.
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1089:
412:, Lowry saw his influence over Saint Cloud politics lessened but was elected to the state senate in 1862. He died young in 1865 in St. Cloud.
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876:
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408:. Swisshelm soon raised money for another press and raised her attacks to a fever pitch. Formerly being groomed for the state post of
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164:. Her published criticism of Johnson led to her losing her job and the closing of the paper. She published her autobiography in 1881.
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in 1847. It eventually reached a national circulation of 6,000, and in 1854 was merged with the weekly edition of the
Pittsburgh
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After one of her fiery editorials, Lowry formed a "Committee of
Vigilance", broke into the newspaper's offices, smashed the
243:. Two years later, she rejoined her husband on his farm, which she called Swissvale, east of Pittsburgh. (Today the area is
224:, which made a strong impression on her. Nearby was a man who had sold away his own mixed-race children. She wrote in her
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854:, St. Martin's Press, New York, 1993. See page 5: "Estimates of the death toll range from four hundred to two thousand."
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220:, in 1838, where James intended to go into business with his brother, Samuel. This is where Jane first encountered
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490:(New York, 1853), a collection of newspaper columns she had launched in 1849, and an autobiography entitled
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176:, U.S., one of several children of Mary (Scott) and Thomas Cannon, both of whom were Presbyterians of
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While working for the federal government in
Washington, D.C., during the administration of President
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On
November 18, 1836, at age 20, Cannon married James Swisshelm, from a nearby town. They moved to
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In 1823, when Jane was eight years of age, both her sister Mary and her father died of
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Half a
Century: The Memoirs of the First Woman Journalist in the Civil Rights Struggle
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by writing and lecturing. The city was a developing center of trade, located on the
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347:. Swisshelm was especially infuriated that Lowry owned slaves, as Minnesota was a
903:
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205:
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939:
Endres, Kathleen. "Jane Grey Swisshelm: 19th century journalist and feminist."
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Ambar Espinoza, "St. Cloud professor unearths history of slavery in Minnesota"
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led to her losing the paper and her government job. In 1872, she attended the
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to care for her ailing mother. After her mother's death, she headed a girls'
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320:, where she controlled a string of newspapers. She promoted abolition and
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374:, most Southerners returned to the South, taking their slaves with them.
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Swisshelm died on July 22, 1884, at her Swissvale home and is buried in
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advocate. She was one of America's first female journalists hired by
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American journalist, publisher, abolitionist, women's rights advocate
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A new edition of Swisshelm's autobiography was published in 2005.
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419:
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774:
The Field of Blood: Violence in Congress on the Road to Civil War
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for five days, without surgeon or assistant, and saved them all.
776:. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. pp. 173, 362n150.
180:
descent. Her father was a merchant and real estate speculator.
794:, Minnesota Legislators Past and Present, accessed 4 July 2012
993:
Jane Grey Swisshelm in MNopedia, the Minnesota Encyclopedia
255:
During this time, Swisshelm began writing articles against
809:, Minnesota Public Radio, 7 May 2010, accessed 4 July 2012
471:
After the war, Swisshelm founded her final newspaper, the
267:, and others in Pittsburgh. Prompted by the demise of the
343:
in 1856. By then he reigned as Saint Cloud's Democratic
328:
in the central part of the eastern border of the state.
969:"Crusader and feminist; letters of Jane Grey Swisshelm"
852:
Over The Earth I Come: The Great Sioux Uprising of 1862
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case that slaves had no standing as citizens to file
228:
of some of the sights she saw and stories she heard.
393:, and abusing his slaves. He started a rival paper,
231:
In 1839, against her husband's wishes, she moved to
1105:
19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
974:Harriet Sigerman, "Jane Grey Cannon Swisshelm", in
953:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
902:Swisshelm, Jane (2005). Sporer, Paul Dennis (ed.).
94:
80:
62:
37:
21:
381:, Swisshelm accused Lowry of swindling the local
505:, adjacent to Swissvale, is named in her honor.
287:. She wrote many editorials advocating women's
1070:People of Minnesota in the American Civil War
436:, she had charge of 182 badly wounded men at
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950:Jane Grey Swisshelm: An Unconventional Life
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681:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
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259:, and stories, poems, and articles for an
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967:Theodore C. Blegen, Larsen, A.J. editors
501:. The city of Pittsburgh neighborhood of
294:On April 17, 1850, while working for the
1110:19th-century American newspaper founders
586:The Mississippi Valley Historical Review
335:, Swisshelm waged a private war against
160:, Swisshelm founded her last newspaper,
1120:19th-century American women journalists
1100:19th-century American newspaper editors
877:"A Stanch [sic] Foe of Slavery"
744:. Oxford University Press. p. 73.
534:
404:, and threw the pieces into the nearby
172:Swisshelm was born Jane Grey Cannon in
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785:
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1155:19th-century American businesspeople
551:Swisshelm, Jane Grey Cannon (1880).
459:, a friend from Pittsburgh and then
304:drew a pistol when Missouri Senator
1150:19th-century American businesswomen
714:"The Saturday Evening Visitor [
149:, and as a publisher and editor in
356:Supreme Court of the United States
275:, Swisshelm founded the newspaper
14:
1125:19th-century American journalists
908:. Anza Publishing, Bylany Press.
828:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
1115:American women newspaper editors
1022:Works by or about Jane Swisshelm
1014:
727:. 30 January 1854. p. 2, col. 2.
580:Shippee, Lester Burrell (1920).
582:"Jane Grey Swisshelm: Agitator"
316:her husband and moved west to
251:Activism and newspaper writing
208:, where he had gone for work.
145:She was active as a writer in
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1130:Burials at Allegheny Cemetery
1090:Journalists from Pennsylvania
118:6, 1815 – July
1085:Pennsylvania Prohibitionists
1032:"Jane Grey Cannon Swisshelm"
831:"Swisshelm, Jane Grey"
725:The Daily Pittsburgh Gazette
675:"Swisshelm, Jane Grey"
557:. Jansen, McClurg. pp.
1013:(public domain audiobooks)
976:American National Biography
947:Hoffert, Sylvia D. (2004).
772:Freeman, Joanne B. (2018).
738:Ritchie, Donald A. (2007).
397:, to offset her influence.
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1165:Suffragists from Minnesota
1095:Journalists from Minnesota
483:convention as a delegate.
389:attacks on suspected land
122:22, 1884) was an American
112:Jane Grey Cannon Swisshelm
1140:American Civil War nurses
475:Her attacks on President
271:and the similarly themed
28:
684:. New York: D. Appleton.
518:Anna Elizabeth Dickinson
488:Letters to Country Girls
434:Battle of the Wilderness
174:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
168:Early life and education
147:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1080:Writers from Pittsburgh
1007:Works by Jane Swisshelm
998:Works by Jane Swisshelm
980:Oxford University Press
333:The Saint Cloud Visiter
126:journalist, publisher,
1075:Writers from Minnesota
837:Encyclopedia Americana
425:
385:as a trader, ordering
1145:American women nurses
721:(Google News Archive)
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98:Advocacy in favor of
741:American Journalists
694:Hoffert, pp. 105-106
486:Swisshelm published
467:Later life and death
318:St. Cloud, Minnesota
241:Butler, Pennsylvania
218:Louisville, Kentucky
196:, a village outside
151:St. Cloud, Minnesota
1160:Radical Republicans
410:Lieutenant Governor
368:Missouri Compromise
312:In 1857, Swisshelm
941:Journalism History
644:Swisshelm (1880),
631:Swisshelm (1880),
618:Swisshelm (1880),
499:Allegheny Cemetery
473:Reconstructionist.
426:
306:Thomas Hart Benton
284:Commercial Journal
257:capital punishment
124:Radical Republican
1002:Project Gutenberg
492:Half of a Century
481:Prohibition Party
406:Mississippi River
354:But, in 1857 the
269:Spirit of Liberty
265:Spirit of Liberty
162:Reconstructionist
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457:Edwin M. Stanton
443:In 1862, when a
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278:Saturday Visiter
141:New York Tribune
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52:December 6, 1815
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1039:. Retrieved
1036:Find a Grave
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1065:1884 deaths
1060:1815 births
379:The Visiter
377:Writing in
331:Writing in
326:Mississippi
302:Henry Foote
206:New Orleans
194:Wilkinsburg
185:consumption
1054:Categories
921:January 2,
887:January 2,
757:January 2,
565:January 2,
524:References
360:Dred Scott
349:free state
198:Pittsburgh
85:Journalist
48:1815-12-06
670:Fiske, J.
606:0161-391X
452:Minnesota
424:(undated)
395:The Union
387:vigilante
383:Winnebago
372:Civil War
273:Albatross
114:(December
89:publisher
1011:LibriVox
512:See also
494:(1881).
314:divorced
245:Edgewood
237:seminary
1041:Aug 17,
1024:at the
982:, 1999.
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635:, p. 17
622:, p. 10
222:slavery
138:at his
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212:Career
130:, and
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529:Notes
445:Sioux
428:When
341:mayor
1043:2011
955:ISBN
923:2019
910:ISBN
889:2019
759:2019
746:ISBN
602:ISSN
567:2019
102:and
63:Died
38:Born
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450:in
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