96:. His family remained in the United States, but the American government denied him a visa because of fears about communist influence. At the same time, intellectuals in Paris were supportive of communism, which increased his sense of isolation. Zielonko, he wrote later, was one of the few people he could speak to about politics and literature who understood him.
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December 1950, during a visit to Poland, Miłosz's passport was confiscated by the Polish government because of suspicions about his lack of ideological purity. In early 1951 the government nevertheless allowed him to visit Paris (apparently the foreign minister's wife was one of his supporters),
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in the winter of 1951 and moved back to New York in early 1952. The two formed a close working relationship, although Miłosz said he "tormented" her during the translation: "friendship is one thing but when it comes to precision, I was implacable which, in reality, meant that I tormented her."
111:(1989), which became one of the few sources of information about her. In that book Miłosz wrote that Zielonko had been suffering from a terminal illness at the time and saw the translation as a "test"; if she were able to complete it, it would mean she had beaten the disease.
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According to scholar Bartłomiej Biegajło, Zielonko's translation "frequently violated" the source text, with both omissions and additions, to produce a smoothly written
English edition. Biegajło writes that this was probably done with Miłosz's encouragement.
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Born to Polish immigrants, and resident in
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By 1968 Zielonko had married an
American attorney, Frank Peel (1927–2018). In 2004 Peel wrote a letter to the
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had failed to mention
Zielonko. In that letter, he noted that she had worked as an adviser to
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Totalitarian (In)Experience in
Literary Works and Their Translations: Between East and West
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Political
Thinking Beyond Politics: Toward a Marxist Humanism. Essays on the Left Today
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190:"The captive mind / Czesław Miłosz; translated from the Polish by Jane Zielonko"
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Marxism and Beyond: On
Historical Understanding and Individual Responsibility
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64:. Her master's thesis was titled "Some American Variants of Child Ballads".
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and that she had accompanied Miłosz to
Stockholm when he was awarded the
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After Columbia, Zielonko taught English language and literature at
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pointing out that an article the newspaper had published about
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University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences alumni
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209:. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press. p.
170:. Trans. Jane Zielonko Peel. London: Pall Mall Press.
263:. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p.
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Miłosz described his work with Zielonko in his book
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163:. Trans. Jane Zielonko Peel. New York: Grove Press.
152:. Trans. Jane Zielonko. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
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240:. American International Club of Geneva.
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503:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty people
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236:Flaherty, E. P. (6 September 2018).
192:. National Library Board, Singapore.
523:20th-century American women writers
166:(1969). Kołakowski, Leszek (1969).
135:in 1980. She died two years later.
322:Coffin, Tristram Potter. (2014) .
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478:American people of Polish descent
361:Roe, Nicholas (9 November 2001).
288:The Journal of American Folklore
36:. First published in Polish as
528:American expatriates in France
382:Peel, Frank (24 August 2004).
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259:Biegajło, Bartłomiej (2018).
238:"Francis M.S. Peel Obituary"
205:Franaszek, Andrzej (2017).
99:Zielonko began translating
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513:University of Paris alumni
498:Polish–English translators
488:Columbia University alumni
58:University of Pennsylvania
16:Polish-American translator
493:Writers from Philadelphia
307:Bulletin of Smith College
133:Nobel Prize in Literature
60:and an A.M. in 1945 from
34:Nobel Prize in Literature
483:American women academics
473:20th-century translators
449:at the Internet Archive.
347:. 1946–1947. p. 96.
78:Polish People's Republic
52:Early life and education
388:The Wall Street Journal
344:Smith College Bulletin
508:Smith College faculty
363:"A century's witness"
86:Fulbright scholarship
32:, winner of the 1980
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384:"A Name Was Missing"
207:Milosz: A Biography
121:Wall Street Journal
62:Columbia University
20:Jane Irene Zielonko
157:Kołakowski, Leszek
274:978-1-5275-1184-2
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28:(1953) by
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159:(1968).
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144:(1953).
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