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treaty signed at the Forks of the Wabash on
October 23, 1834, the Miamis ceded tribal lands in Indiana that had been reserved for them under the terms of previous treaties in exchange for cash annuities, payment of tribal debts, and other concessions. Additional land grants were made to individuals, including Richardville, who received three and one-quarter sections of land, about 2,080 acres (840 hectares). The terms of the treaty also provided Richardville and five other chiefs with fee simple titles to their land allotments, including that land that Richardville had been granted under the terms of earlier treaties. The fee simple titles allowed Richardville and the others who received them the authority to dispose of their property without obtaining prior approval from the federal government.
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simple title in
Richardville's name. A treaty at the Forks of the Wabash was signed at this site in 1838, as well as the Treaty of the Wabash (1840). Sources disagree on whether the home at the Forks of the Wabash was built by and for Richardville or his son-in-law, Francis LaFontaine. While it is likely that Richardville stayed on the Forks of the Wabash property during treaty negotiations, some have argued that the Greek Revival-style home was built in 1843–44, two or three years after Richarville's death. The home was later restored to its 1846 appearance. The property at the Forks of the Wabash was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
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773:, and Wabash Rivers. Historian Stewart Rafert acknowledged that Richardville was the recipient of a total of 28,320 acres (11,460 hectares) of land granted under the terms of various treaties and $ 31,800 in cash settlements, but went on to explain that most of Richardville's land went to his associates. In his later years, Richardville retained only a few hundred acres in Indiana, including the site of his home in Fort Wayne and land at the Forks of the Wabash. He also often offered his private lands as a refuge for family members and other Miamis living in Indiana who had no other place to live.
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to protect their interests at a time when the political power of
American Indians was in decline. While he personally benefitted from his role as a tribal chief and treaty negotiator, Richardville also tried to obtain favorable terms for the Miami people and the best prices available for their lands. In addition, he and other Miami leaders successfully delayed removal of the Miami people from Indiana until the signing of the Treaty of the Wabash (1840), a year before Richardville's death. In his later years Richardville also provided displaced Miamis with a place to stay on his Indiana land.
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subsidize construction of homes for themselves and their families. Richardville was also among those who received individual grants of land, although these lands could not be sold without prior approval from the U.S. president. The treaty terms also granted a $ 2,000 annual annuity to be used to educate Miami children and to care for the Miamis who were poor and infirm. It also gave the Miamis the right to hunt on the ceded lands owned by the federal government and gave the State of
Indiana the right to establish a canal or road through the Miamis' reserve lands.
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federal funds and annuity goods given to the Miamis. Historians R. David
Edmunds, Elizabeth Glenn, and Stewart Rafert have pointed out that Richardville and other Miami leaders such as Francis Godfroy personally profited from their roles as tribal chiefs and treaty negotiators, but the leaders also slowed progress in discussions regarding land cessions and removal of the Miamis from Indiana, especially between 1818 and 1840. These delays gave Richardson and the other tribal leaders additional time to negotiate concessions and delay the eventual
552:(1795), Richardville acquired a trade license in 1815 that gave him a monopoly on carry-over services at the portage, which earned him considerable profits from the trading traffic. In 1824 Richardville had gained sufficient wealth to be among the first to purchase a lot in Fort Wayne, Indiana, that would serve as a site for his home and trading post. By 1831 he had relocated the Miami tribal headquarters and his trading post in Fort Wayne to a site at the Forks of the Wabash, which was closer to the Miami villages and tribal reserve lands.
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legal, they also could be interpreted as incentives to secure the tribal leaders' cooperation and support of the negotiated treaty. Of the 24 individual land grants made under the terms of the treaty, 20 of them went to métis individuals living in the area and their families. Richardville, who signed the treaty as the principal Miami chief, received 5,760 acres (2,330 hectares) of land for himself as part of the treaty agreement; tribal leaders
Francis Godfroy and Louis Godfroy each received 3,840 acres (1,550 hectares).
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853:(1970) took the middle ground in his assessment of Richardville's leadership. Anson recognized Richardville's shrewd negotiating abilities in arranging "good terms of other Miami chiefs and bands," as well as his own financial gain. Anson also found that Richardville also took care of his family and friends, and, most importantly, delayed for decades the removal of the Miami people from Indiana.
903:(1826), the U.S. government gave Richardville and nine other chiefs $ 600 each toward construction of a two-room brick home for themselves and their families. Richardville, who wanted a larger, more elaborate two-story residence contributed an additional $ 1,600 of his own funds to pay for the house, which had a total estimated cost at the time of $ 2,200. When completed in 1827,
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claims to land north and west of the Wabash and Miami Rivers, as well as the land cessions made by the tribe under the terms of the Treaty of Saint Marys (1818), with the exception of reserved land at six village sites, reserve lands on the Eel River at the mouth of Mud Creek and at the forks of the Wabash, and tribal reservation lands along the Wabash River.
469:. By the time that Richardville returned to Kekionga, his mother, Tacumwah, had married Charles Beaubein, a French trader in the area. Tacumwah operated her own trading house at Kekionga, where her son learned to become successful a trader. Richardville also joined his mother's tribal community. Richardville was at Kekionga when it was attacked in the 1790
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they became treaty-signing chiefs for the Miamis, interpreters at treaty negotiations, and brokers of tribal business affairs. Richardville and
Godfroy recognized the value of land and the potential trade profits in an American capitalist society. Together, they worked as intermediaries to protect the Miami tribal interests, as well as their own.
754:(1868), Henry R. Schoolcroft described Richardville as "the most wealthy man of the native race in America." According to Chaput, who used Schoolcraft's book as his source, Richardville had about $ 200,000 in cash at the time of his death in 1841 and owned thousands of acres of land in Indiana, as well as his stately brick home in Fort Wayne.
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of goods and services. Richardville and the other Miami leaders also negotiated with federal government officials to exempt from the land cessions an area known as the Miami
National Reserve, a tract of land encompassing 875,000 acres (354,000 hectares) , approximately 37 square miles (96 km), in central Indiana, east of present-day
681:. Because of its location near proposed highway and canal routes, the Miami National Reserve was one of the most potentially valuable pieces of land for commercial development in Indiana. The remaining Miami lands not ceded to the federal government were divided into six village reserves and 24 individual land allotments.
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in
Huntington County, Indiana. Richardville moved the Miami council house (tribal headquarters) from Fort Wayne to the Miami reserve land at the Forks of the Wabash in 1831. As part of the provisions of a treaty with the Miamis in 1834, the land grant at the Forks of the Wabash was converted to a fee
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in Fort Wayne. In addition to his landholdings and other property, Richardville allegedly left about $ 200,000 in cash. Under the terms of his will, Richardville bequeathed his property to his surviving children and other relatives. Richardville's son-in-law, Francis La
Fontaine (Topeah), the husband
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For his role as a civil chief of the Miamis and a treaty negotiator, the U.S. government granted Richardville a total of 28,320 acres (11,460 hectares) of land in Indiana under the terms of various treaties, as well as $ 31,800 in cash settlements. In addition, construction was completed in 1827 on a
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and agreed to their removal from Indiana within five years, among other terms. Under the treaty of 1840, Richardville was granted an additional seven sections of land, about 4,480 acres (1,810 hectares), and $ 25,000 in cash. Richardville's son-in-law, Francis La Fontaine, was granted one section of
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to the U.S. government. The treaty's harsh terms were punishment for the Miami people's lack of support to the United States during its War of 1812. The Miamis eventually received 6.4 cents an acre for their land and an increase in their permanent annuity payment to $ 18,400, among other concessions
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The house served as Richardville's primary residence until his death in 1841 and remained in the family until 1894, when it was acquired by a gravel company that mined all but approximately 1 acre (0.40 hectares) of land surrounding the house. In 1991, the Allen County–Fort Wayne Historical Society
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after the War of 1812. Well educated as a youth, he learned to speak three languages and became a prominent trader. As Richardville gained influence among the Miami people, he succeeded in becoming the principal chief. As a negotiator and signatory on treaties made on behalf of the Miamis, he tried
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the Miamis to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River, in 1846, five years after Richardville's death. Under the provisions of treaties signed with the Miami people in 1838 and 1840, a total of 126 Miamis were allowed to remain in Indiana; 43 of them were members of Richardville's family; 28
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In addition to other concessions such as goods and equipment, livestock, annual annuity payments in cash and goods, part-time laborers, and payment of some of the Miamis' debts as outlined in the treaty, the federal government agreed to pay $ 600 each to nine individuals, including Richardville, to
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power system, Richardville gained leadership status in the tribe from his mother's people, meaning he gained authority through his mother’s brother, Chief Pacanne. Richardville became more politically active in Miami affairs as an ally of his uncles, Chief Pacanne and Chief Little Turtle. After the
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Around 1800 Richardville married Natoequah (or Natoequeah), a Miami woman. The couple had at least six children. Their three sons were Joseph, John Baptist Jr., and Miaqueah. Their three daughters were Maria Louise (called LaBlonde), Catherine (Pocongoquah), and Susan. LaBlonde Richardville married
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As part of the terms of the treaties with American Indians, individual land allotments were granted primarily to treaty signatories and métis tribal members such as Richardville, allegedly to “reinforce the European rather than the Indian concept of land use.” Although these individual grants were
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In the early 1800s, Richardville's political influence increased due to his close association with his uncle, Chief Little Turtle. In an effort to protect the Miami people's interests by cooperating with the U.S. government, Richardville signed treaties with federal officials in 1802 and 1803. The
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The value of the Miami lands and the arrival of pioneer settlers in what became central Indiana in the early 1800s gave Richardville and the other Miami leaders additional leverage in negotiating sales of their lands. Richardville proved to be a shrewd negotiator on behalf of the Miami people, in
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After the death of his uncle, Chief Pacanne, in 1815, fifty-five-year-old Richardville emerged as principal chief of the Miamis. Francis Godfroy also joined Richardville as an influential leader of the Miamis. Due to the two métis (mixed blood) men's previous relationships with federal officials,
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and gained additional time to negotiate concessions and obtain the best prices available for Miami lands. Treaty provisions that they negotiated also allowed about half of the Miami people, including 43 members of Richardville's family, to remain in Indiana after the remainder of the Miamis moved
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was concluded near the mouth of Mississinewa River in Indiana on October 23, 1826, with 37 representatives of the Miami people, including Richardville, and three representatives of the federal government, Lewis Cass, James B. Ray, and John Tipton. Under the treaty's terms, the Miamis ceded their
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Among the terms of a treaty made in 1838 at the Forks of the Wabash, a total of 48 land grants were made to individuals, all of them official members of the Miami tribe, in exchange for cessions of additional Miami lands. Richardville received an additional 4,800 acres (1,900 hectares) of land,
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Richardville opposed Miami removal from Indiana, but after recognizing that the time had come to secure the best terms for their land and eventual removal, he signed treaties in 1834, 1838, and a final one in 1840 that ceded most of the Miami National Reserve land to the U.S. government. In the
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Richardville was also one of the leaders of the Mississinewa Miami at treaty negotiations in Fort Wayne in 1809, when Little Turtle was effectively retired from negotiations for the Miamis and the Mississinewa council took charge of the Miami interests. Although Richardville initially resisted
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Beginning in the late 1790s, Richardville took an increasingly active interest in Miami affairs and remained an influential leader of the Miami people until his death in 1841. Richardville was involved in treaty negotiations with the U.S. government, as well as the decisions on disbursement of
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land, 640 acres (260 hectares), and Francis Godfroy's estate was granted $ 15,000. The treaty also granted Richardville and others who had received individual land grants exemption from removal from the state, meaning that about half of the Miami people would be allowed to remain in Indiana.
737:(1840) signed on November 28, 1840, the Miami people finally agreed to cede their remaining tribal lands of 500,000 acres (200,000 hectares) of the Miami National Reserve in Indiana in exchange for 500,000 acres (200,000 hectares) in what became present-day
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Richardville spent part of his childhood with his father in Quebec, where he received a few years of formal education before returning to Kekionga in late 1770s to live among the Miamis with his mother. During his youth, Richardville learned to speak fluent
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acquired the house and restored its exterior. The society opens the house monthly during the summer season for visitors, and operates a variety of programs on Miami history at the site. In 2012 the U.S. Department of the Interior designated the home as a
489:, Richardville began to culturally identify more with the Miami people, instead of the creole French, and became a "prominent leader of the tribe." As an adult, Richardville refused to speak English or French languages or wear European-style clothing.
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in Fort Wayne, Indiana, became the first documented Greek Revival-style I-house in northeastern Indiana. The home is also one of the few surviving treaty houses in the eastern United States that is still standing on its original site.
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and recognized Indian rights to land they occupied. It also set aside land for forts and trading posts, as well as specifying that the U.S. government was the only authorized party who could purchase American Indian lands.
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west in 1846. Richardville also provided displaced Miamis in Indiana with a place to stay on the few hundred remaining acres of his property. Those who remained in Indiana were among the original 148 members of the
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Richardville and other Miami leaders were criticized for personally benefitting from their roles as tribal chiefs and treaty negotiators. However, their efforts successfully delayed for decades the
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addition to increasing his own personal wealth and landholdings in the process. Richardville and the other Miami leaders also delayed treaties calling for the removal of the Miamis from Indiana.
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According to historian Donald Chaput in "The Family of Drouet de Richeville: Merchants, Soldiers, and Chiefs of Indiana," Richardville became "one of the richest men in the United States." In
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About half of the Miami people, including members of Richardville's, Francis Godfroy's, and Chief Metocinyah's family, among others, remained in Indiana after the U.S. government officially
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was the first of four treaties negotiated with the Miamis between 1803 and 1809. It ceded to the U.S. government a large parcel of land in what became southwest Indiana and parts of
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were members of Francis Godfroy's family; and the remaining 55 were members of Metocinyah's family. These individuals, along with 22 others, became the original 148 members of the
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814:, which began on October 6, 1846. Since the 1860s, some of Richardville's descendants have migrated from Indiana to settle in Kansas and the present-day state of
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Assessment of Richardville's actions as a treaty negotiator and civil chief of the Miamis are varied. Some of these are favorable; others are highly critical.
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The Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds are part of the Forks of the Wabash historic park along the Wabash River, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of
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ceded Miami land along the Wabash River to the federal government in exchange for strengthening Miami control in areas of present-day northern Indiana.
1733:
Headings and Leonard, "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: De Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House," pp. 34 and 39 (section 8).
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Headings and Leonard, “National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: de Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House,” p. 35 (section 8).
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Headings and Leonard, "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: de Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House," p. 24 (Section 8).
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The Indiana Sesquicentennial Commission erected a state historical marker in honor of Richardville at the Forks of the Wabash Historic Park in
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309:, which began on October 6, 1846. Over the years, some of Richardville's family members migrated to what became the present-day states of
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Francis Godfroy received 3,840 acres (1,550 hectares), and additional reserve lands were allotted to other Miami tribal members. In the
269:. Richardville emerged a principal chief in 1816 and remained a leader of the Miamis until his death in 1841. He was a signatory to the
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Richardville was initially reluctant to take part in Miami tribal affairs, preferring instead to culturally identify himself as a
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The Indiana Historical Bureau erected a state historical marker honoring Richardville at a site 3 miles (4.8 km) east of
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in Indiana. Although Richardville maintained Richardville House as his primary residence and owned another property near the
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and a contemporary of Richardville, described him as one "of whom no one ever got the better in a trade." In Wallace Brice's
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441:. Historian Donald Chaput described the Drouets as "one of the most significant families of officers-traders in the western
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Some sources have claimed that Richardville eventually controlled more than 20 square miles (52 km) along the
1955:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds"
1767:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds"
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at Kekionga from about 1750 to 1770. By the late 1780s, Antoine-Joseph de Richerville had permanently settled at
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Richardville began his career as a trader and operated a successful trading post at Kekionga (Miamitown) near
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two-story brick residence that was partially funded by the U.S. government for Richardville and his family in
1973:
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in which a coalition of Native Americans had tried to repulse European Americans from the region west of the
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273:(1795), as well as several later treaties between the U.S. government and the Miami people, most notably the
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629:. Most of the Miamis supported the terms of the treaty because very few of them lived on these ceded lands.
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Richardville died on August 13, 1841, at his home along the Saint Marys River, southeast of Fort Wayne, in
521:, but they also established a profitable business charging fees to transport goods over and control of a
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587:(1794), Richardville favored a negotiated peace agreement. He was one of three Miami signatories at the
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445:." Through his mother's family, Jean Baptiste de Richardville was also the nephew of two Miami chiefs,
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Information Respecting the History, Condition and Prospects of the Indiana Tribes of the United States
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Information Respecting the History, Condition and Prospects of the Indiana Tribes of the United States
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841:(1868), Richardville is described as "beloved and esteemed" and "prudent and deliberate." However, in
473:, and he was among the warriors who ambushed the United States in the climactic battle on 22 October.
362:. After Richardville's death in 1841, La Fontaine succeeded his father-in-law as chief of the Miamis.
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1997:"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: de Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House"
1106:"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: de Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House"
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Information Respecting the History, Condition and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States
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called the Miami chief "one of the most artful and deceitful of his nation." Bert Anson, author of
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1849:"America's Great Outdoors: Secretary Salazar Designates Thirteen New National Historic Landmarks"
1014:"America's Great Outdoors: Secretary Salazar Designates Thirteen New National Historic Landmarks"
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418:, an influential Miami chieftess of the Atchatchakangouen band and the sister of the Miami chief
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2015:
Durand, Bruno (December 2003). "Les Drouet de Richarville, colons du Québec et de l'Amérique".
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480:, dress in French clothing, and take an interest in European culture. Because his tribe had a
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1417:. Peopling Indiana. Vol. 2. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 54.
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Richardville County, Indiana, was named in honor of Chief Richardville and was later renamed
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of his daughter, Catherine Richardville (Pocongoquah), succeeded him as chief of the Miamis.
1203:
History of Fort Wayne, from the Earliest Known Accounts of This Point, to the Present Period
962:, whose watershed encompasses Howard and another Indiana county, was named for Richardville.
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in 2012.) Some accounts of Richardville's life have claimed that he was once the wealthiest
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1544:. Vol. II (Treaties). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govern Printing Office. pp. 278–81.
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Rivers were free for all to use. Although the Miamis lost control of the portage in the
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2060:. Peopling Indiana. Vol. 2. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press.
668:(1818), which ceded most of the Miami lands south of the Wabash River in central
1908:"The Family of Drouet de Richeville: Merchants, Soldiers, and Chiefs of Indiana"
1276:
President Washington's Indian War: The Struggle for the Old Northwest, 1790-1795
1111:. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. p. 21 (Section 8)
1053:"The Family of Drouet de Richeville: Merchants, Soldiers, and Chiefs of Indiana"
510:
486:
481:
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Joseph, John Baptist Jr., Miaqueah, Maria Louise, Catherine (Pocongoquah), Susan
1960:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service
1772:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service
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Richardville's life experiences are an example of many métis leaders in the
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1171:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 13 (footnote 28) and 189.
869:, size, and stylish furnishings. Another Richardville property is at the
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Valley. Richardville and his mother made most of their income from the
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2233:. Fort Wayne, Indiana: Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County.
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Rivers dominated trade between the two waterways, which connected the
865:, his brick home in Fort Wayne. This residence became famous for its
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438:
434:
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289:(1826), the treaty signed at the Forks of the Wabash (1838), and the
1244:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. pp. 290–91.
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890:
780:
1887:
The Life and Times of Little Turtle: First Sagamore of the Wabash
1486:
The Life and Times of Little Turtle: First Sagamore of the Wabash
1278:. Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 111.
387:
358:, who was a chief of the Miamis. Catherine Richardville married
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in Indiana, most of his land eventually went to his associates.
220:
1351:. Allen County, Fort Wayne Historical Society. pp. 79–80.
1626:. Vol. 5. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo. p. 530.
843:
Narrative of an Expedition to the Source of St. Peter's River
2212:
The Miami Indians of Indiana: A Persistent People, 1654–1994
2170:. History Center, Allen County-Fort Wayne Historical Society
1671:. History Center, Allen County-Fort Wayne Historical Society
1139:
The Miami Indians of Indiana: A Persistent People, 1654–1994
540:
declared that all navigable waters and portages between the
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Chief Richardville house, ca. 2008, at Huntington, Indiana
2002:. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service
1205:. Fort Wayne, Indiana: D. W. Jones and Son. p. 315.
1141:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. p. 48.
818:, but many more of his descendants remained in Indiana.
317:, but many more of his descendants remained in Indiana.
529:(known in the present-day as the Little Wabash River).
325:, under the terms of the Treaty of Mississinewas. (The
2091:
Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State
2089:
Gugin, Linda C., and James E. St. Clair, eds. (2015).
1242:
Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State
422:, and Antoine-Joseph Drouet de Richerville, a French-
2035:
Edmunds, R. David, "Jean Baptiste Richardville," in
1995:
Lois Headings and Craig Leonard (October 28, 1996).
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Lois Headings and Craig Leonard (October 28, 1996).
377:
371:
232:
205:
197:
36:
30:
1932:"Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds"
1744:"Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds"
1240:Linda C. Gugin and James E. St. Clair, ed. (2015).
797:. His remains were interred in the cemetery at the
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2093:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press.
2023:. France: La Société Historique de Dourdan: 3–29.
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591:(1795). This treaty established the boundaries of
2250:. Vol. 5. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo.
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920:Chief Richardville House and Miami Treaty Grounds
300:of the Miami people to federal lands west of the
2204:Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828
1851:. U.S. Department of the Interior. March 6, 2012
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1531:
1512:
1510:
1489:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p.
1349:Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828
1016:. U.S. Department of the Interior. March 6, 2012
1333:The Treaty of Greenville (1795) also ended the
2206:. Allen County, Fort Wayne Historical Society.
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
861:Richardville's properties in Indiana included
2056:Glenn, Elizabeth, and Stewart Rafert (2009).
2041:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 549–50.
1974:"De Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House"
1953:Jean Gernand and Mary Kelsay (October 1978).
1765:Jean Gernand and Mary Kelsay (October 1978).
1083:"De Richardville, Chief Jean-Baptiste, House"
8:
2312:Native Americans of the Northwest Indian War
2214:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society.
2080:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2017:Bulletin de la Société Historique de Dourdan
1918:(2). Bloomington: Indiana University: 103–16
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1413:Elizabeth Glenn and Stewart Rafert (2009).
1298:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., pp. 233 and 290.
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1042:
1040:
1978:NPGallery: Digital Asset Management System
1936:NPGallery: Digital Asset Management System
1748:NPGallery: Digital Asset Management System
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1087:NPGallery: Digital Asset Management System
1008:
1006:
265:) in what became the present-day state of
46:
18:
2126:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1063:(2). Bloomington: Indiana University: 114
895:Richardville House in Fort Wayne, Indiana
565:of the Miami people to lands west of the
1891:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
1868:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
1564:
1562:
1560:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
583:After the Native American defeat at the
245:. He began his career in the 1790s as a
1002:
677:and 30 miles (48 km) northeast of
168:, Antoine-Joseph Drouet de Richerdville
2116:
2106:
2073:
2039:Encyclopedia of North American Indians
799:Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
787:Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
195:1761 – 13 August 1841), also known as
7:
633:further cession of Miami lands, the
532:Under the terms of Article 4 of the
604:Treaty of Fort Wayne, 1803 and 1809
525:connecting the Maumee River to the
1568:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., p. 292.
1324:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., p. 291.
1034:Gugin and St. Clair, eds., p. 290.
14:
2302:American people of French descent
2231:Richardville, Chief of the Miamis
1701:Glenn and Rafert, pp. 54, 65, 80.
1541:Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties
2246:Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe (1853).
2037:Frederick E. Hoxie, ed. (1996).
1538:Charles J. Kappler, ed. (1904).
712:Treaties of 1834, 1838, and 1840
2322:People from Fort Wayne, Indiana
2229:Roberts, Bessie Keeran (1956).
2168:"Jean Baptiste De Richardville"
1669:"Jean Baptiste De Richardville"
1622:Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (1853).
370:Jean Baptiste de Richardville (
835:U.S. Secretary of the Treasury
689:Treaty of Mississinewas (1826)
1:
2152:"House of Chief Richardville"
1883:Carter, Harvey Lewis (1987).
1823:"House of Chief Richardville"
394:) was born about 1761 in the
283:Treaty of Saint Mary's (1818)
192:
189:Jean Baptiste de Richardville
23:Jean Baptiste de Richardville
2136:"Home of Chief Richardville"
1906:Chaput, Donald (June 1978).
1801:"Home of Chief Richardville"
1710:Anson, p. 209 (footnote 42).
1483:Harvey Lewis Carter (1987).
785:Richardville's grave at the
249:who controlled an important
2327:Businesspeople from Indiana
2272:, Fort Wayne History Center
2202:Poinsatte, Charles (1976).
2154:. Indiana Historical Bureau
2138:. Indiana Historical Bureau
1912:Indiana Magazine of History
1825:. Indiana Historical Bureau
1803:. Indiana Historical Bureau
1057:Indiana Magazine of History
1051:Donald Chaput (June 1978).
660:Treaty of St. Mary's (1818)
635:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)
623:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1803)
616:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)
610:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1803)
556:Tribal leader and landowner
493:Fur trader and entrepreneur
279:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)
275:Treaty of Fort Wayne (1803)
2343:
1347:Charles Poinsatte (1976).
1207:(1971 reprint; Unigraphic)
991:Indian removals in Indiana
923:
914:National Historic Landmark
884:
875:Huntington County, Indiana
867:Greek Revival architecture
721:
718:Indian removals in Indiana
715:
692:
657:
613:
607:
576:
573:Treaty of Greenville, 1795
354:James Godfroy, the son of
335:National Historic Landmark
1201:Wallace A. Brice (1868).
654:Treaty of St. Marys, 1818
402:(Miamitown), present-day
182:
95:
54:
45:
28:
16:Chief of the Miami people
2270:Chief Richardville House
2210:Rafert, Stewart (1996).
1516:Glenn and Rafert, p. 52.
664:Richardville signed the
585:Battle of Fallen Timbers
366:Early life and education
261:(the present-day Little
2307:Native American leaders
1980:. National Park Service
1938:. National Park Service
1750:. National Park Service
1137:Stewart Rafert (1996).
1089:. National Park Service
960:Wildcat Creek (Indiana)
901:Treaty of Mississinewas
899:Under the terms of the
812:Miami Nation of Indiana
701:Treaty of Mississinewas
695:Treaty of Mississinewas
414:and half Miami) son of
392:Miami-Illinois language
378:
372:
307:Miami Nation of Indiana
287:Treaty of Mississinewas
233:
213:Miami-Illinois language
206:
198:
177:Miami-Illinois language
37:
31:
1473:Rafert, pp. 88–89, 96.
935:
896:
790:
461:language), as well as
333:, was designated as a
329:-style home, known as
2189:. Library of Congress
2184:"Northwest Ordinance"
1525:Rafert, p. 80–81, 88.
1394:Poinsatte, pp. 97–98.
1376:. Library of Congress
1371:"Northwest Ordinance"
1339:Appalachian Mountains
1335:Northwest Indian Wars
1274:Sword, Wiley (1985).
978:Miami County, Indiana
933:
894:
839:History of Fort Wayne
795:Allen County, Indiana
784:
140:Allen County, Indiana
129:Allen County, Indiana
2058:The Native Americans
1864:Anson, Bert (2000).
1586:Kappler, pp. 425–28.
1554:Kappler, pp. 278–79.
1415:The Native Americans
735:Treaty of the Wabash
724:Treaty of the Wabash
666:Treaty of St. Mary's
589:Treaty of Greenville
579:Treaty of Greenville
550:Treaty of Greenville
398:(Myaami) village of
291:Treaty of the Wabash
271:Treaty of Greenville
2276:Forks of the Wabash
1264:Chaput, pp. 112–13.
1167:Bert Anson (2000).
947:Honors and tributes
926:Forks of the Wabash
871:Forks of the Wabash
597:Northwest Territory
534:Northwest Ordinance
404:Fort Wayne, Indiana
360:Francis La Fontaine
349:Marriage and family
323:Fort Wayne, Indiana
115:Fort Wayne, Indiana
85:Francis La Fontaine
2119:has generic name (
1651:Rafert, pp. 100–1.
1595:Rafert, pp. 97–99.
1464:Rafert, pp. 83–85.
936:
905:Richardville House
897:
887:Richardville House
881:Richardville House
863:Richardville House
847:William H. Keating
791:
443:Great Lakes region
433:(Three Rivers) in
331:Richardville House
2100:978-0-87195-387-2
1866:The Miami Indians
1341:and north of the
1251:978-0-87195-387-2
1169:The Miami Indians
851:The Miami Indians
567:Mississippi River
515:Mississippi River
343:Saint Marys River
302:Mississippi River
225:John Richardville
186:
185:
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2278:, Historic Forks
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777:Death and legacy
478:creole Frenchman
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2014:
2005:
2003:
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1983:
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1229:
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845:(1824), author
779:
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643:
641:Emerging leader
618:
612:
606:
593:American Indian
581:
575:
558:
495:
471:Harmar campaign
368:
356:Francis Godfroy
351:
339:Native American
253:connecting the
126:
125:August 13, 1841
109:
79:
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2264:External links
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263:Wabash River
259:Little River
255:Maumee River
243:Miami people
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138:Fort Wayne,
127:Fort Wayne,
80:Succeeded by
2297:1841 deaths
2158:December 9,
1829:December 9,
746:Later years
542:Mississippi
511:Great Lakes
487:War of 1812
482:matrilineal
382:, meaning '
68:Preceded by
2286:Categories
2221:0871951118
1842:References
1343:Ohio River
1148:0871951118
980:, in 1992.
967:Huntington
940:Huntington
857:Residences
759:St. Joseph
499:Fort Miami
459:Algonquian
427:fur trader
247:fur trader
215:(meaning '
2174:March 26,
2109:cite book
2076:cite book
2029:0248-9392
1855:March 25,
1675:March 26,
1020:March 25,
833:, former
771:Salamonie
763:St. Marys
519:fur trade
390:' in the
241:' of the
162:Parent(s)
149:Natoequah
2256:13593836
2239:18923683
1632:13593836
985:See also
969:in 1966.
816:Oklahoma
627:Illinois
544:and the
424:Canadian
416:Tacumwah
400:Kekionga
315:Oklahoma
293:(1840).
166:Tacumwah
154:Children
111:Kekionga
1357:3801775
823:Midwest
807:removed
670:Indiana
563:removal
523:portage
513:to the
467:English
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384:Wildcat
379:Pinšiwa
373:Peshewa
298:removal
267:Indiana
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251:portage
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229:English
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675:Kokomo
507:Wabash
463:French
439:Canada
435:Quebec
412:French
410:(half
386:' or '
311:Kansas
285:, the
281:, the
277:, the
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219:' or '
146:Spouse
62:leader
2187:(PDF)
2000:(PDF)
1991:Note:
1958:(PDF)
1949:Note:
1770:(PDF)
1761:Note:
1374:(PDF)
1109:(PDF)
1100:Note:
997:Notes
455:Miami
408:métis
396:Miami
239:chief
234:akima
91:Chief
60:Miami
2252:OCLC
2235:OCLC
2216:ISBN
2195:2019
2176:2012
2160:2019
2144:2019
2128:link
2121:help
2095:ISBN
2082:link
2062:ISBN
2043:ISBN
2025:ISSN
2008:2019
1986:2019
1966:2019
1944:2019
1924:2019
1893:ISBN
1870:ISBN
1857:2012
1831:2019
1809:2019
1778:2019
1756:2019
1677:2012
1628:OCLC
1495:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1382:2019
1353:OCLC
1280:ISBN
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1069:2019
1022:2012
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