276:
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183:, several of whose works Senebier translated from Italian into French. Spallanzani's chemical research on bodily functions of animals helped lead Senebier towards studying plant chemistry. Although Senebier's first research on plants was a large study on effects of light, he is remembered mainly for the extensive evidence he provided that
246:. Senebier trained the young man in Lavoisier's system of chemistry, which Nicolas-Théodore later applied in important plant-nutrition studies of his own. The younger Saussure would eventually discover the role of water in photosynthesis, thus completing the early chemical research on this subject.
191:("dephlogisticated air"), in the physiological process that later became known as photosynthesis. Senebier also found that the amount of oxygen produced is roughly proportional to the amount of carbon dioxide available to the plant. Further, he determined that the green fleshy parts of leaves (the
222:
in the early eighteenth century, had provided evidence that the atmosphere was important to plants, but further progress in understanding the role of gases in plant physiology awaited discoveries made between 1750 and 1780. In 1754, Charles Bonnet reported that leaves that were plunged in aerated
275:
167:
and was one of the major early pioneers of photosynthesis research. Senebier also published on the experimental method, first in 1775, and then in an expanded work, in 1802. His precise definition of the experimental method anticipated the work of noted French physiologist
794:
Experiments upon vegetables, discovering their great power of purifying the common air in the sun-shine, and of injuring it in the shade and at night, to which is joined, a new method of examining the accurate degree of salubrity of the
195:) are the sites where carbon dioxide is transformed into oxygen. Senebier also correctly concluded that plants use the carbon in carbon dioxide as a nutriment. Senebier did some of his research jointly with fellow Swiss naturalist
1022:
234:
demonstrated that the bubbles of gas observed by Bonnet on submerged leaves consisted of this same gas. Ingenhousz also published the first convincing evidence that leaves produce this gas only in sunlight.
343:"Archives d’Etat de Genève, Registre de la paroisse protestante du Temple Neuf ou de la Fusterie: 1) Baptêmes du 4 mai 1740 au 6 janvier 1765. 2) Mariages du 25 juillet 1740 au 8 décembre 1764",
210:
and colleagues. This discovery by
Senebier regarding gases ranks as one of the last of the important early discoveries in the unraveling of the fundamental chemical processes of photosynthesis.
1012:
328:
344:
1027:
562:
Physicochemical memoires on the influence of sunlight on the modification of the beings of the three kingdoms of nature, and above all those of the vegetable kingdom
557:
Mémoires physico-chymiques sur l'influence de la lumière solaire pour modifier les êtres des trois règnes de la nature, & sur-tout ceux du règne vegetal, 3 vols
250:
151:. He also showed a link between the amount of carbon dioxide available and the amount of oxygen produced and determined that photosynthesis took place at the
202:
Senebier arrived at his best known achievement, his demonstration that plants take up atmospheric carbon dioxide and give off oxygen, based entirely on the
367:
830:
461:
Photosynthesis: Perspectives on
Plastid Biology, Energy Conversion and Carbon Metabolism. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, Vol. 34
385:
206:
of chemistry, and only in his later works did he reformulate his conclusions in terms of the more modern, oxygen chemistry developed by
983:
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239:
230:
discovered oxygen (which he named "dephlogisticated air"), and, just a few years later, in 1779, Dutch physician and researcher
243:
323:
126:
1017:
608:
Senebier, Recherches sur l'influence de la lumière solaire pour métamorphoser l'air fixe en air pur par la végétation.
853:
966:
715:
623:
Mémoires sur l'influence de l'air et de diverses substances gazeuses dans la germination de différentes grains
823:
Chemical research on plant growth: A translation of
Nicolas-Théodore's Recherches chimiques sur la Végétation
906:
Janus; revue internationale de l'histoire des sciences, de la médecine, de la pharmacie, et de la technique
591:
Recherches sur l'influence de la lumière solaire pour métamorphoser l'air fixe en air pur par la végétation
187:("fixed air" or "carbonic acid," in the terminology of his day) is consumed by plants in the production of
290:
Recherches sur l'influence de la lumiere solaire pour métamorpher l'air fixe en air pur par la végétation
280:
Recherches sur l'influence de la lumiere solaire pour métamorpher l'air fixe en air pur par la végétation
963:
Jean
Senebier and the Emergence of Plant Physiology, 1775–1802: From Natural History to Chemical Science
712:
Jean
Senebier and the Emergence of Plant Physiology, 1775–1802: From Natural History to Chemical Science
257:
84:
1007:
1002:
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Memoirs on the influence of air and various gaseous substances on the germination of different seeds
180:
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Research on the influence of solar light on the metamorphosis of fixed air into pure air by plants
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179:. Senebier was also influenced by the Italian animal physiologist and experimental biologist
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Senebier was born in Geneva, the son of a wealthy merchant. He wrote extensively on plant
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water produced bubbles of gas, but he did not identify the gas. Then, in 1775, English
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Marx, J (1974), "L'art d'observer au XVIIIe siècle: Jean
Senebier et Charles Bonnet.",
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fifty years later. Senebier also served as chief librarian of the
Republic of Geneva.
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Plants and the
Atmosphere; Case 5, Harvard Case Histories in Experimental Science
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Météorologie pratique a l'usage de tous les hommes, et sourtout des
Cultivateurs
139:. He was chief librarian of the Republic of Geneva. A pioneer in the field of
192:
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459:. In Eaton-Rye, Julian J.; Sharkey, Thomas D.; Tripathy, Baishnab C. (eds.).
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759:
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39:
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238:
Senebier was a close friend of noted
Genevan geologist and meteorologist
371:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 637.
929:
760:"An account of further discoveries in air. Letters to Sir John Pringle"
418:
264:
224:
19:"Seneb." redirects here. For the ancient Egyptian court official, see
924:, vol. 6, no. 1 (published January 1931), pp. 188–93,
360:
188:
148:
132:
536:
Pilet, P.E. (1975). ""Senebier, Jean"". In Gillispie, C.C. (ed.).
322:
274:
20:
300:
Expériences sur l'action de la lumière solaire dans la végétation
488:] (in French). Geneva: chez Cl. Philibert & Bart. Chirol
448:
446:
242:
and was instrumental in the education of Horace-Bénédict's son
739:] (in French). Göttingen and Leiden: Chez Elie Luzac, fils
463:. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York: Springer. pp.
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Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
218:, working independently in the late seventeenth century, and
143:
research, he provided extensive evidence that plants consume
549:
547:
764:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
327:
Bust of Jean Senebier, on display on the grounds of the
456:"Chapter 30: Early Pioneers of Photosynthesis Research"
329:
Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva
540:. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. pp. 308–309.
510:
Essai sur l'art d'observer et de faire des experiences
249:
In April 1809, Senebier became a Correspondent of the
732:
Recherches sur l'usage des feuilles dans les plantes
515:
Essay on the art of observing and making experiments
175:
Senebier was greatly influenced by Swiss naturalist
908:, vol. 61, no. 1, 2, 3, pp. 201–20,
102:
68:
46:
30:
16:
Genevan Calvinist pastor and naturalist (1742–1809)
1013:18th-century botanists from the Republic of Geneva
517:] (in French). Geneva: J.J. Paschoud, Libraire
454:
598:] (in French). Geneva: Chez Barthelemi Chirol
564:] (in French). Geneva: Chez Barthelemi Chirol
856:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
651:Physiologie végétale. In Encyclopédie méthodique
313:(in French). Paris: Jean Jacques Paschoud. 1810.
303:(in French). Genève: Manget Barde & C. 1788.
688:] (in French). Geneva: Chez J. J. Paschoud
630:] (in French). Geneva: Chez J. J. Paschoud
251:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
817:Hill, Jane F.; de Saussure, Theodore (2013).
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581:
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293:(in French). Genève: Chirol Barthelemi. 1783.
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538:Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Vol. XII
978:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
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892:, vol. 49 Pt 3–4, pp. 307–22,
620:Huber, François; Senebier, Jean (1801).
737:Research on the use of leaves in plants
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657:] (in French). Paris: Panckoucke.
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155:, the green fleshy part of the leaf.
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386:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
125:(25 May 1742 – 22 July 1809) was a
920:Bay, J C (1931), "JEAN SENEBIER",
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965:(Thesis). Baltimore, Maryland:
714:(Thesis). Baltimore, Maryland:
1:
258:botanical author abbreviation
681:Physiologie végétale, 5 vols
244:Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure
961:Kottler, Dorian B. (1973).
819:"Translator's Introduction"
710:Kottler, Dorian B. (1973).
240:Horace-Bénédict de Saussure
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798:. London: Elmsly and Payne
758:Priestley, Joseph (1775).
401:Bay, J. Christian (1931).
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974:Nash, Leonard K. (1952).
854:"J. Senebier (1742–1809)"
791:Ingen-Housz, Jan (1779).
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967:Johns Hopkins University
729:Bonnet, Charles (1754).
716:Johns Hopkins University
678:Senebier, Jean (1800).
649:Senebier, Jean (1791).
588:Senebier, Jean (1783).
554:Senebier, Jean (1782).
507:Senebier, Jean (1802).
478:Senebier, Jean (1775).
368:Encyclopædia Britannica
346:, Image 22, last entry.
825:. New York: Springer.
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362:"Senebier, Jean"
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888:Legée, G (1991), "",
878:Geschichte d. Botanik
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486:The art of observing
267:Senebier described.
1018:Plant physiologists
453:Hill, Jane (2012).
181:Lazzaro Spallanzani
89:First French Empire
85:Department of LĂ©man
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50:25 May 1742
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860:9 December
838:29 October
795:atmosphere
602:5 December
319:References
193:parenchyma
165:physiology
153:parenchyma
137:naturalist
76:1809-07-23
384:, in the
159:Biography
130:Calvinist
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882:Arbeiten
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83:Geneva,
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189:oxygen
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