592:
580:
238:. He rose rapidly through the hierarchy of the Beiyang government, becoming chief of staff of the army, and was also a close confidant of Yuan Shikai. He was on the committee for the coronation of Yuan Shikai as emperor in 1915. Jiang leased land to the missionary
45:
315:
318:
in
December 1937. However, he was dismissed from that post after a short period, retaining a seat of the largely powerless Provisional Government Committee. With the establishment of the
611:
780:
992:
1236:
1261:
119:
1246:
1006:
770:
960:
720:
253:'s as acting Premier from June 12 to June 24, 1917. During his tenure parliament was dissolved by his mandate. He was succeeded as Premier by
636:
569:
838:
1251:
690:
1207:
92:
529:
496:
428:
392:
280:
700:
978:
183:
656:
179:
1241:
210:. However, he was charged with corruption, and was forced to return to the mainland in 1889. He later entered the service of
833:
291:, but was forced from office less than a year later on charges of corruption. He then served in minor capacities within the
800:
1123:
878:
1055:
1015:
790:
314:
and was asked to come out of semi-retirement to serve as provisional mayor of
Beijing. He joined to collaborationist
486:
418:
1256:
1117:
982:
307:
760:
562:
547:
226:
secret society. The Yang Xian militia leader was then approached by Jiang for assistance. With the start of the
930:
920:
279:
and showed up in
Beijing, drawing Jiang into their plan. On July 1, on Zhang Xun's instructions, war minister
26:
115:
1188:
660:
239:
860:
864:
740:
311:
1041:
1085:
710:
519:
462:
1231:
1226:
555:
171:
750:
974:
899:
729:
319:
222:, Jiang was contacted by Huang Chaoyong who asked for military help in crushing an uprising by the
1165:
1160:
1026:
811:
680:
646:
626:
449:
352:
940:
909:
874:
525:
492:
424:
388:
384:
227:
1037:
950:
904:
822:
724:
450:
Chinese
History - The Republic of China (1911-1949) ruling people, politicians and statesmen
143:
1065:
1145:
1113:
1051:
591:
123:
21:
161:
1175:
1170:
1155:
1010:
1002:
970:
587:
292:
249:
His previous position was Chief of the
Beijing Commandery and he temporarily replaced
1220:
1150:
1130:
377:
207:
1108:
1103:
1098:
842:
323:
300:
288:
284:
276:
235:
87:
17:
1075:
888:
670:
583:
379:
The lady named
Thunder: the biography of Dr. Ethel Margaret Phillips (1876-1951)
268:
261:
250:
211:
1180:
331:
524:. Singapore University Press, National University of Singapore. p. 140.
1140:
1135:
264:
254:
195:
420:
Wu
Tingfang (1842-1922): reform and modernization in modern Chinese history
44:
579:
296:
223:
215:
488:
Chinese collaboration with Japan, 1932-1945: the limits of accommodation
327:
287:
acted on this plan, which failed. Jiang then served on the cabinet of
243:
231:
219:
105:
518:
Jiageng Chen; A. H. C. Ward; Raymond W. Chu; Janet W. Salaff (1994).
203:
151:
326:, he was appointed to the North China Policy Committee. Declared a
199:
272:
551:
320:
Reorganized
Nationalist Government of the Republic of China
283:, army commander Jiang Chaozong, and former Qing dignitary
354:
Brotherhood and society: the
Shaanxi Gelaohui, 1867-1912
1081:
1071:
1061:
1047:
1033:
1021:
998:
988:
966:
956:
946:
936:
926:
916:
894:
884:
870:
856:
828:
818:
806:
796:
786:
776:
766:
756:
746:
736:
716:
706:
696:
686:
676:
666:
652:
642:
632:
622:
129:
111:
101:
80:
72:
64:
54:
35:
376:
316:Provisional Government of the Republic of China
271:drawn up a plan for the restoration of Emperor
206:early in his career to serve the Qing governor
563:
8:
120:Order of the Precious Brilliant Golden Grain
485:David P. Barrett; Lawrence N. Shyu (2001).
423:. Hong Kong University Press. p. 251.
1007:Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong
601:
570:
556:
548:
491:. Stanford University Press. p. 258.
310:in July 1937, Jiang was sought out by the
32:
1237:Chinese collaborators with Imperial Japan
1262:Republic of China politicians from Anhui
343:
178:; 1861–1943) was a general in the late
166:
993:Third Red Spears' uprising in Shandong
853:
619:
461:Сергей Леонидович Тихвинский (1983).
357:. University of Michigan. p. 274
7:
691:Constitutional Protection Movement
467:. Progress Publishers. p. 735
14:
1247:Premiers of the Republic of China
383:. University of Alberta. p.
334:, Jiang died of old age in 1943.
979:Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum
839:Canton Merchants' Corps Uprising
590:
578:
184:Premier of the Republic of China
43:
910:Nationalist-Communist Civil War
417:Linda Pomerantz-Zhang (1992).
351:Carl Whitney Jacobson (1993).
156:
1:
1208:Republic of China (1912–1949)
657:Empire of China (Yuan Shikai)
375:Clifford H. Phillips (2003).
202:, China, Jiang was posted to
741:Occupation of Outer Mongolia
234:, where he was protected by
76:1943 (aged 81–82)
1056:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
791:Washington Naval Conference
1278:
1118:National Pacification Army
983:Northeast Flag Replacement
889:Zhongshan Warship Incident
586:and warlordism during the
521:The memoirs of Tan Kah-kee
308:Marco Polo Bridge incident
15:
1205:
834:Second Zhili–Fengtian War
781:1st National CPC Congress
771:Spirit Soldier rebellions
599:
147:
58:
42:
961:Muslim conflict in Gansu
931:Shanghai Commune of 1927
921:Nanking incident of 1927
801:First Zhili–Fengtian War
879:Canton–Hong Kong strike
661:National Protection War
464:Модерн хисторий оф Чина
240:Ethel Margaret Phillips
116:Order of Rank and Merit
1252:Politicians from Lu'an
865:May Thirtieth Movement
721:Paris Peace Conference
312:Imperial Japanese Army
1242:Qing dynasty generals
761:Guangdong–Guangxi War
711:Siberian intervention
1016:Sino-Soviet conflict
671:Death of Yuan Shikai
975:Huanggutun incident
905:Nanjing–Wuhan Split
900:Northern Expedition
730:May Fourth Movement
1027:Central Plains War
861:Yunnan–Guangxi War
812:First United Front
681:Manchu Restoration
647:Twenty-One Demands
627:Bai Lang Rebellion
214:and was posted to
167:Chiang Ch'ao-tsung
1257:Mayors of Beijing
1214:
1213:
1200:
1199:
1091:
1090:
1042:Qinghai–Tibet War
941:Shanghai massacre
875:Anti-Fengtian War
848:
847:
637:Second Revolution
228:Xinhai Revolution
137:
136:
93:Republic of China
1269:
1192:
1189:Communist Party
1184:
1038:Sino-Tibetan War
951:July 15 Incident
854:
823:Lincheng Outrage
725:Shandong Problem
701:Golok rebellions
620:
602:
594:
582:
572:
565:
558:
549:
542:
541:
539:
538:
515:
509:
508:
506:
505:
482:
476:
475:
473:
472:
458:
452:
447:
441:
440:
438:
437:
414:
408:
407:
402:
401:
382:
372:
366:
365:
363:
362:
348:
168:
158:
149:
133:Mayor of Beijing
47:
33:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1182:
1092:
1052:Kumul Rebellion
1014:
1005:
981:
977:
973:
907:
903:
877:
863:
849:
841:
837:
751:Zhili–Anhui War
727:
723:
659:
595:
576:
546:
545:
536:
534:
532:
517:
516:
512:
503:
501:
499:
484:
483:
479:
470:
468:
460:
459:
455:
448:
444:
435:
433:
431:
416:
415:
411:
405:jiang chaozong.
399:
397:
395:
374:
373:
369:
360:
358:
350:
349:
345:
340:
192:
180:Empire of China
130:Other work
124:Order of Wen-Hu
122:
118:
97:
60:
50:
38:
31:
12:
11:
5:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1219:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1186:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1086:War in Ningxia
1083:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1011:Beijing Revolt
1003:Chiang-Gui War
1000:
996:
995:
990:
986:
985:
971:Jinan incident
968:
964:
963:
958:
954:
953:
948:
944:
943:
938:
934:
933:
928:
924:
923:
918:
914:
913:
896:
892:
891:
886:
882:
881:
872:
868:
867:
858:
852:
850:
846:
845:
830:
826:
825:
820:
816:
815:
808:
804:
803:
798:
794:
793:
788:
784:
783:
778:
774:
773:
768:
764:
763:
758:
754:
753:
748:
744:
743:
738:
734:
733:
718:
714:
713:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
693:
688:
684:
683:
678:
674:
673:
668:
664:
663:
654:
650:
649:
644:
640:
639:
634:
630:
629:
624:
618:
615:
614:
609:
606:
600:
597:
596:
588:Nanjing decade
577:
575:
574:
567:
560:
552:
544:
543:
530:
510:
497:
477:
453:
442:
429:
409:
393:
367:
342:
341:
339:
336:
306:Following the
293:Anhui Province
230:, the fled to
191:
188:
182:and an acting
157:Jiāng Cháozōng
140:Jiang Chaozong
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
96:
95:
90:
84:
82:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
49:Jiang Chaozong
48:
40:
39:
37:Jiang Chaozong
36:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1274:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1209:
1204:
1193:
1187:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
991:
987:
984:
980:
976:
972:
969:
965:
962:
959:
955:
952:
949:
945:
942:
939:
935:
932:
929:
925:
922:
919:
915:
912:
911:
906:
902:
901:
897:
893:
890:
887:
883:
880:
876:
873:
869:
866:
862:
859:
855:
851:
844:
840:
836:
835:
831:
827:
824:
821:
817:
814:
813:
809:
805:
802:
799:
795:
792:
789:
785:
782:
779:
775:
772:
769:
765:
762:
759:
755:
752:
749:
745:
742:
739:
735:
732:
731:
726:
722:
719:
715:
712:
709:
705:
702:
699:
695:
692:
689:
685:
682:
679:
675:
672:
669:
665:
662:
658:
655:
651:
648:
645:
641:
638:
635:
631:
628:
625:
621:
617:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
603:
598:
593:
589:
585:
581:
573:
568:
566:
561:
559:
554:
553:
550:
533:
531:9971-69-178-7
527:
523:
522:
514:
511:
500:
498:0-8047-3768-1
494:
490:
489:
481:
478:
466:
465:
457:
454:
451:
446:
443:
432:
430:962-209-287-X
426:
422:
421:
413:
410:
406:
396:
394:0-88864-417-5
390:
386:
381:
380:
371:
368:
356:
355:
347:
344:
337:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
263:
258:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
208:Liu Mingchuan
205:
201:
197:
189:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
163:
159:
153:
145:
141:
132:
128:
125:
121:
117:
114:
110:
107:
104:
100:
94:
91:
89:
86:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
57:
53:
46:
41:
34:
29:
28:
23:
19:
1025:
908:
898:
843:Beijing Coup
832:
810:
728:
535:. Retrieved
520:
513:
502:. Retrieved
487:
480:
469:. Retrieved
463:
456:
445:
434:. Retrieved
419:
412:
404:
398:. Retrieved
378:
370:
359:. Retrieved
353:
346:
324:Wang Jingwei
305:
301:Zhili clique
289:Qian Nengxun
285:Liang Qichao
281:Wang Shizhen
277:Qing dynasty
259:
248:
236:Zhao Bingjun
194:A native of
193:
175:
165:
155:
139:
138:
88:Qing dynasty
25:
18:Chinese name
1232:1943 deaths
1227:1861 births
1181:Kuomintang
1166:New Guangxi
1161:Old Guangxi
1076:Two-Liu war
1066:Han–Liu War
584:Warlord Era
269:Kang Youwei
262:monarchists
251:Wu Tingfang
212:Yuan Shikai
55:Native name
22:family name
1221:Categories
1124:Zhili Army
537:2010-06-28
504:2010-06-28
471:2010-06-28
436:2010-06-28
400:2010-06-28
361:2010-06-28
332:Kuomintang
176:Kō Kōketsu
162:Wade–Giles
81:Allegiance
1171:Guangdong
1136:Guominjun
1048:1931–1935
1034:1930–1932
989:1928–1929
957:1927–1930
895:1926–1928
871:1925–1926
807:1923–1927
787:1921–1922
767:1920–1926
757:1920–1921
737:1919–1921
707:1918–1920
697:1917–1929
687:1917–1922
653:1915–1916
623:1911–1914
608:1925–1934
605:1915–1924
265:Zhang Xun
255:Li Jingxi
246:in 1915.
196:Xuancheng
190:Biography
186:in 1917.
27:Jiang (江)
1146:Xinjiang
1114:Fengtian
612:Factions
299:and the
297:Wu Peifu
224:Gelaohui
216:Nanzheng
16:In this
1176:Guizhou
1156:Sichuan
1099:Beiyang
1009:(incl.
330:by the
328:traitor
244:Beijing
232:Beijing
220:Shaanxi
172:Hepburn
144:Chinese
106:General
1151:Yunnan
1131:Shanxi
528:
495:
427:
391:
322:under
295:under
204:Taiwan
164::
154::
152:pinyin
146::
112:Awards
20:, the
1191:(CCP)
1183:(KMT)
1109:Zhili
1104:Anhui
338:Notes
200:Anhui
1082:1934
1072:1932
1062:1932
1022:1930
999:1929
967:1928
947:1927
937:1927
927:1927
917:1927
885:1926
857:1925
829:1924
819:1923
797:1922
777:1921
747:1920
717:1919
677:1917
667:1916
643:1915
633:1913
526:ISBN
493:ISBN
425:ISBN
389:ISBN
275:and
273:Puyi
267:and
260:The
102:Rank
73:Died
68:1861
65:Born
385:255
242:in
170:;
148:江朝宗
59:江朝宗
24:is
1223::
1141:Ma
1120:)
1054:/
1040:/
403:.
387:.
303:.
257:.
218:,
198:,
174::
160:;
150:;
1116:(
1013:)
571:e
564:t
557:v
540:.
507:.
474:.
439:.
364:.
142:(
30:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
