255:, who had taken a bronze in the event in the previous Olympics in Amsterdam. Though his career would be in insurance and as a long-serving financial manager for Upjohn Company pharmaceuticals in Kalamazoo, in his spare time he would take an interest in public office, and serve as an elected school board member of the small Kellogg Consolidated School system. In 1961, he would run as a delegate to Michigan's constitutional convention and in 1968 be appointed by successive Michigan governors to serve on an advisory board to investigate options for public employee pensions and retirement funding.
214:
308:
319:, an L.A. distance star, two-time Olympic medalist, and future actor, in a college meet with the Los Angeles Athletic Club in April 1932. Buster Crabbe, a truly challenging competitor for a young Cristy, particularly in the 440-yard event, won the 400-meter freestyle in Olympic record time at the August 1932 Los Angeles Olympics and took the Gold medal, though in a competitive field, he won by only a tenth of a second.
288:
official team championship had not been established. On March 26, 1932, less than five months before the Los
Angeles Olympics, swimming his signature event, the 1500-meter, Cristy placed second at the NCAA Championships. In the lengthy event, he finished only half a lap behind the strong performance of Austin Clapp of Stanford, who had to set an American record time of 20:03.2 to beat Cristy and win the meet.
356:, Cristy's occasional distance event competitor, who had edged him out the prior year at the AAU Championship in the 1500-meter, took fifth in the 1500-meter Olympic event. Journalists attributed his fifth place finish to the fatigue caused by swimming two 1500 and two 400 meter races earlier in the week. Crabbe had previously won the bronze medal for the U.S. team at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam.
1302:
1094:
390:
398:
the
Kellogg Consolidated School System while living in Hickory Corners, a suburb of Kalamazoo. Beginning in 1952, he was a President and active on the board of trustees of Kalamazoo's Senior Citizens Fund and often spoke on the needs of Seniors. In July 1961, he ran as a delegate to the Michigan Constitutional Convention.
406:
In 1968, he was first appointed to a board by
Michigan Governor Romney to oversee state employee retirement systems, in an attempt to make them more uniform and investigate paying pensions through current revenue. In August 1971, continuing to work in the field of insurance, investment and banking,
275:
As a freshman, he finished second in a 500-yard competition against
Detroit Athletic Club's Jim Gilhula. Swimming for the State Title in the 440 in 1932, he again finished second with a time of 5:05.5, edged out by only a second behind the leader Gilhula. Jim Gilhula, a challenging competitor, swam
414:
Cristy died at home on June 7, 1989 in
Kalamazoo, Michigan, and was survived by his wife, two sons and two daughters. He was buried at Kalamazoo's Mount Ever-Rest Memorial Park South, as would later be his wife Barbara Sutherland. A memorial service was held at Stetson Chapel at Kalamazoo College
397:
After graduating
Michigan in June 1934, Cristy spent ten years in the insurance business in Chicago and Detroit before joining the Upjohn Company, a Michigan-based pharmaceutical manufacturer, around 1945. He served as an elected board member, officer and then Chairman of the Board of Education at
303:
At the
National AAU Swimming Championship in New York at the New York Athletic Club pool in April 1932, Cristy, a Big 10 Conference champion in the 440-yard, stayed with the leaders in the 500-yard distance swim, but faded to fourth at the finish, with his Michigan team finishing second in the team
287:
In 1932, as primarily a distance competitor, Cristy helped the
Michigan team go 12–1 in meets. That year Michigan won the Big Ten Conference title and the 1932 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championship on individual points. The NCAA meet was held at the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor though an
380:
While working in
Chicago, Cristy was engaged to Barbara Sutherland of Philadelphia in March 1935, while she was a Senior at the University of Michigan. One day after graduating Michigan, Barbara married Jim on June 17, 1935, at his mother's home in Ann Arbor in a small ceremony with family, by a
349:
of Japan. Despite placing third, Cristy's time was under the old
Olympic record time of 19:51.8 set in the 1928 games. Japanese swimmers dominated the event with new Olympic record times. Kuzuo Kitamuro, the gold medal winner, finished 27 seconds ahead of Cristy, and was not quite 15 years old,
271:
Though Cristy was not known to have any High School experience as a team swimmer, with the outstanding performances he demonstrated by his Sophomore year, Michigan swim coaches believed he could become one of their outstanding distance swimmers. Under the training of Michigan Head Coach Matthew
410:
As a fitting legacy, the Jim Cristy Swimming Scholarship was created as part of the Kalamazoo Community Foundation to give financial aid to students who wish to participate in Kalamazoo County competitive swimming or in programs created to learn swimming, but who require financial aid for this
371:
at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin and sailed to Europe. Once in Berlin, he placed fourth in his semi-final heat, within a minute of qualifying for the finals, but was not allowed to participate in the final heat which consisted of only seven swimmers.
407:
Cristy was re-appointed by Michigan Governor William Millikin to serve on the board. In April 1974, Cristy and his wife Barbara acted as a developer and proprietor for a property in Michigan on Gull Lake, near Kalamazoo, known as Marshfield.
29:
332:
Swimming in the second heat of the Olympic trials for the 1500-meter event in Los Angeles around August 11, 1932, Cristy placed first winning by 15 meters, though other qualifiers particularly from Japan likely had faster times.
368:
276:
for the Detroit Athletic Club and University of Southern California and competed in the 400-meter freestyle at the August 1932 Los Angeles Olympics with Cristy. Cristy was swim team Captain by 1934, his senior year.
342:
226:
1414:
1193:
985:
1186:
978:
760:
364:
Cristy placed third swimming the 1500-meter freestyle at the 1936 U.S. Olympic Trials in Warwick Nick, Rhode Island, while representing Chicago's Lake Shore Athletic Club.
1179:
971:
284:
In March 1931, during Cristy's tenure with the team, Michigan swimming won the NCAA championship at Chicago's Lake Shore Athletic Club, defeating Rutgers by six points.
1409:
272:
Mann, in a highlight of his collegiate swimming career in 1932, he beat teammate Frank Kennedy for the Big 10 conference crown in the 440-yard distance freestyle.
1434:
1419:
247:
who specialized in distance freestyle events while swimming at the University of Michigan in the early 1930s. He won a bronze medal for the United States at the
1429:
1424:
381:
Reverend of the Episcopal Church. Jim's father was deceased, and his brother Harlan was best man. Cristy would remain married to Barbara throughout his life.
424:
263:
James C. Cristy Jr. was born to James Crapo Cristy and Laura Hart in Detroit, Michigan on January 22, 1913, and was the youngest of around four siblings.
1404:
243:(January 22, 1913 – June 7, 1989) was a financial manager for the Updike Company, and a school board President. He was a former American competition
947:
455:
811:
152:
429:
415:
on June 19. Jim was active in the arts, and accepted donations to the Kalamazoo Fontana Society, a supporter of the local music community.
1202:
994:
757:
205:
251:
in Los Angeles, California in the 1500-meter swim, edging out his better-known freestyle distance rival and future actor
1078:
1073:
1013:
1363:
1231:
1033:
743:
Crabbe was fatigued swimming the 1500-meter in the 1932 Olympics in "Kitamura Set Olympic Mark for Japanese",
630:
1241:
1048:
452:
346:
1115:
1008:
591:
1399:
1394:
248:
220:
102:
133:
315:
Continuing to compete against top talent, he lost by eight lengths in the 440-yard freestyle to
345:, recording a time of 19:39.5 in the event final, 25 seconds behind the second-place finisher
1368:
1271:
1130:
244:
119:
307:
1358:
1246:
1221:
1160:
1150:
1058:
764:
459:
910:
341:
At the age of nineteen, Cristy received a bronze medal for his third-place finish in the
296:
At the National AAU Swimming Championship in the Spring of 1931, Cristy placed second to
1353:
1348:
1286:
1251:
1145:
1028:
1388:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1276:
1266:
1155:
1120:
1063:
1053:
1043:
1038:
1018:
756:
Sports-Reference.com, Olympic Sports, Swimming at the 1932 Los Angeles Summer Games,
353:
316:
297:
252:
1373:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1236:
1140:
1135:
1125:
1110:
164:
1301:
1093:
1171:
963:
1281:
1256:
1068:
959:
1932 1500-meter Swim Event Olympic Competition Results, Jim Cristy Bronze Winner
1226:
605:
1291:
953:
558:
479:
389:
300:
in the 1500-meter distance event, but would continue to improve his times.
28:
1261:
1083:
958:
777:
711:
503:
350:
making him the youngest male Olympic swimmer to ever take a gold medal.
83:
388:
306:
1175:
967:
671:"Detroit Youth Will Seek Place in Second International Meet",
1300:
1092:
1415:
Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in swimming
684:"Ralph Flanigan Wins National 500 yard Swimming Title",
631:"NCAA Men's Division I Swimming and Diving Championship"
367:
He was selected to became part of the U.S. team for the
658:"Austin Clapp Sets New Swim Record in 1,500 Meters",
1311:
1209:
1103:
1001:
176:
160:
148:
140:
129:
115:
110:
91:
69:
61:
51:
43:
38:
870:"Heinz Heads Study to Cure State's Pension Ills",
213:
950:– Olympic athlete profile at Sports-Reference.com
857:"New Law Boosts School Board Election Interest",
747:, Los Angeles, California, 14 August 1932, pg. 62
451:Sports-Reference.com, Olympic Sports, Athletes,
900:, Battle Creek, Michigan, 21 April 1974, pg. 37
874:, Battle Creek, Michigan, 7 October 1968, pg. 3
701:, Battle Creek, Michigan, 8 April 1932, pg. 23.
526:"Barry-Clinton-Eaton Representative District",
861:, Battle Creek, Michigan, 31 May 1960, pg. 11.
1187:
979:
734:, Redlands, California, 11 August 1932, pg. 8
592:"1931 NCAA Swimming and Diving Championships"
474:
472:
470:
468:
8:
801:, Pasadena, California, 12 June 1936, pg. 21
712:"400 Metres Olympic Freestyle, Men, Results"
612:. March 29, 1931. p. 25 (Part Two, p 1)
530:, Lansing, Michigan, 23 July 1961, pg. 36-37
498:
496:
447:
445:
19:
930:"Funerals Today, Cristy, James Crapo Jr.",
887:, Ironwood, Michigan, 20 August 1971, pg. 8
581:, Benton Harbor, Michigan, 17 February 1934
425:List of Olympic medalists in swimming (men)
1194:
1180:
1172:
986:
972:
964:
835:, Detroit, Michigan, March 5, 1935, pg. 10
548:, Detroit, Michigan, 20 March 1932, pg. 43
184:
27:
18:
934:, Detroit, Michigan, 11 June 1989, pg. 89
848:, Detroit, Michigan, 18 June 1935, pg. 10
675:, Detroit, Michigan, 26 June 1932, pg. 35
196:
662:, Urbana, Illinois, 26 March 1932, pg. 7
778:"1932 1500 Olympic Competition Results"
606:"College Swim Title Is Won by Michigan"
522:
520:
441:
688:, Miami, Florida, 2 April 1933, pg. 18
594:. International Swimming Hall of Fame.
360:1936 Berlin Olympics, 1500-meter event
1435:Medalists at the 1932 Summer Olympics
1420:Sportspeople from Kalamazoo, Michigan
430:List of University of Michigan alumni
385:Finance manager, Upjohn Company, 1945
7:
1430:Swimmers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
1425:Swimmers at the 1932 Summer Olympics
540:
538:
536:
337:1500-meter 1932 Olympic bronze medal
1410:Michigan Wolverines men's swimmers
758:Men's 1,500 metres Freestyle Final
14:
911:"Jim Cristy Swimming Scholarship"
812:"1936 1500 Olympic Trial Results"
1405:American male freestyle swimmers
730:"New Swimming Star at Olympic",
697:"Girl Swimmers Set New Record",
577:"Michigan Swim Team is Winner",
212:
844:"Vows are Read at Home Rites",
504:"1500-meter Olympic Event 1928"
402:State employee retirement board
1203:1936 USA Olympic swimming team
995:1932 USA Olympic swimming team
767:. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
462:. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
1:
831:"Miss Maslan Will be Bride",
797:"Kiefer Bests Olympic Mark",
559:"Jim Gilhula, Olympedia Bio"
544:"U of M Stars Win in Tank",
480:"Jim Cristy, Olympedia Bio"
292:AAU and College competition
1451:
369:men's 1500-meter freestyle
343:men's 1500-meter freestyle
1298:
1090:
323:1932, L. A. Olympic medal
280:1931, 1932 NCAA Champions
204:
191:
187:
172:
125:
26:
954:Jim Cristy Olympedia Bio
883:"Millikin Picks Board",
660:The Urbana Daily Courier
640:. NCAA.org. pp. 1–3
144:Lake Shore Athletic Club
241:James Crapo Cristy, Jr.
47:James Crapo Cristy, Jr.
1305:
1097:
610:Chicago Sunday Tribune
394:
312:
153:University of Michigan
1304:
1096:
898:Battle Creek Inquirer
872:Battle Creek Inquirer
859:Battle Creek Inquirer
745:The Los Angeles Times
699:Battle Creek Enquirer
528:Lansing State Journal
392:
310:
267:Swimming for Michigan
896:"Open House Today",
885:Ironwood Daily Globe
732:Redlands Daily Facts
579:The Herald-Palladium
376:Engagement, marriage
249:1932 Summer Olympics
39:Personal information
103:Kalamazoo, Michigan
23:
1306:
1098:
932:Detroit Free Press
846:Detroit Free Press
833:Detroit Free Press
763:2012-11-10 at the
673:Detroit Free Press
546:Detroit Free Press
458:2007-10-23 at the
395:
313:
62:National team
1382:
1381:
1169:
1168:
799:The Pasadena Post
328:1500-meter trials
238:
237:
232:
231:
199:the United States
33:Cristy circa 1932
1442:
1369:Dorothy Schiller
1272:Arthur Lindegren
1196:
1189:
1182:
1173:
1131:Margaret Hoffman
1079:Raymond Thompson
988:
981:
974:
965:
935:
928:
922:
921:
919:
917:
907:
901:
894:
888:
881:
875:
868:
862:
855:
849:
842:
836:
829:
823:
822:
820:
818:
808:
802:
795:
789:
788:
786:
784:
774:
768:
754:
748:
741:
735:
728:
722:
721:
719:
718:
708:
702:
695:
689:
686:The Miami Herald
682:
676:
669:
663:
656:
650:
649:
647:
645:
635:
627:
621:
620:
618:
617:
602:
596:
595:
588:
582:
575:
569:
568:
566:
565:
555:
549:
542:
531:
524:
515:
514:
512:
510:
500:
491:
490:
488:
486:
476:
463:
449:
311:B. Crabbe, 1940s
227:1500 m freestyle
223:
221:1932 Los Angeles
216:
215:
200:
185:
106:
98:
87:
80:January 22, 1913
79:
77:
54:
31:
24:
16:American swimmer
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1359:Katherine Rawls
1307:
1296:
1247:Arthur Highland
1222:Taylor Drysdale
1205:
1200:
1170:
1165:
1161:Eleanor Saville
1151:Josephine McKim
1099:
1088:
1074:Albert Schwartz
1059:Manuella Kalili
1014:Gordon Chalmers
997:
992:
944:
939:
938:
929:
925:
915:
913:
909:
908:
904:
895:
891:
882:
878:
869:
865:
856:
852:
843:
839:
830:
826:
816:
814:
810:
809:
805:
796:
792:
782:
780:
776:
775:
771:
765:Wayback Machine
755:
751:
742:
738:
729:
725:
716:
714:
710:
709:
705:
696:
692:
683:
679:
670:
666:
657:
653:
643:
641:
633:
629:
628:
624:
615:
613:
604:
603:
599:
590:
589:
585:
576:
572:
563:
561:
557:
556:
552:
543:
534:
525:
518:
508:
506:
502:
501:
494:
484:
482:
478:
477:
466:
460:Wayback Machine
450:
443:
438:
421:
404:
387:
378:
362:
339:
330:
325:
294:
282:
269:
261:
234:
233:
219:
198:
192:Men's swimming
182:
181:
167:
155:
101:
100:
96:
82:
81:
75:
73:
52:
34:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1448:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1387:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1374:Lenore Wingard
1371:
1366:
1364:Elizabeth Ryan
1361:
1356:
1354:Mary Lou Petty
1351:
1349:Edith Motridge
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1308:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1287:Al Vande Weghe
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1252:Charles Hutter
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1232:Ralph Flanagan
1229:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1146:Helene Madison
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1034:Ralph Flanagan
1031:
1029:George Fissler
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1005:
1003:
999:
998:
993:
991:
990:
983:
976:
968:
962:
961:
956:
951:
943:
942:External links
940:
937:
936:
923:
902:
889:
876:
863:
850:
837:
824:
803:
790:
769:
749:
736:
723:
703:
690:
677:
664:
651:
622:
597:
583:
570:
550:
532:
516:
492:
464:
440:
439:
437:
434:
433:
432:
427:
420:
417:
403:
400:
393:Cristy in 1961
386:
383:
377:
374:
361:
358:
338:
335:
329:
326:
324:
321:
293:
290:
281:
278:
268:
265:
260:
257:
236:
235:
230:
229:
224:
217:
209:
208:
202:
201:
194:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
162:
158:
157:
150:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
131:
127:
126:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
108:
107:
99:(aged 76)
93:
89:
88:
86:, Michigan, US
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
45:
44:Full name
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1447:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:Mavis Freeman
1327:
1325:
1324:Iris Cummings
1322:
1320:
1319:Alice Bridges
1317:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1277:John Macionis
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:Adolph Kiefer
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:Joan McSheehy
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1121:Norene Forbes
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1064:Robert Kerber
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1054:Maiola Kalili
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1044:James Gilhula
1042:
1040:
1039:Basil Francis
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1019:Buster Crabbe
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
989:
984:
982:
977:
975:
970:
969:
966:
960:
957:
955:
952:
949:
946:
945:
941:
933:
927:
924:
912:
906:
903:
899:
893:
890:
886:
880:
877:
873:
867:
864:
860:
854:
851:
847:
841:
838:
834:
828:
825:
813:
807:
804:
800:
794:
791:
779:
773:
770:
766:
762:
759:
753:
750:
746:
740:
737:
733:
727:
724:
713:
707:
704:
700:
694:
691:
687:
681:
678:
674:
668:
665:
661:
655:
652:
639:
632:
626:
623:
611:
607:
601:
598:
593:
587:
584:
580:
574:
571:
560:
554:
551:
547:
541:
539:
537:
533:
529:
523:
521:
517:
505:
499:
497:
493:
481:
475:
473:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
448:
446:
442:
435:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
418:
416:
412:
408:
401:
399:
391:
384:
382:
375:
373:
370:
365:
359:
357:
355:
354:Buster Crabbe
351:
348:
344:
336:
334:
327:
322:
320:
318:
317:Buster Crabbe
309:
305:
304:competition.
301:
299:
298:Buster Crabbe
291:
289:
285:
279:
277:
273:
266:
264:
258:
256:
254:
253:Buster Crabbe
250:
246:
242:
228:
225:
222:
218:
211:
210:
207:
206:Olympic Games
203:
197:Representing
195:
190:
186:
175:
171:
166:
163:
159:
156:1934 Graduate
154:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
124:
121:
118:
114:
109:
104:
94:
90:
85:
72:
68:
65:United States
64:
60:
56:
50:
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
1344:Olive McKean
1339:Bernice Lapp
1334:Ann Govednik
1312:Women's team
1242:John Higgins
1237:Ralph Gilman
1216:
1141:Lenore Kight
1136:Eleanor Holm
1126:Ann Govednik
1111:Jane Cadwell
1104:Women's Team
1049:John Paulsen
1023:
931:
926:
914:. Retrieved
905:
897:
892:
884:
879:
871:
866:
858:
853:
845:
840:
832:
827:
815:. Retrieved
806:
798:
793:
781:. Retrieved
772:
752:
744:
739:
731:
726:
715:. Retrieved
706:
698:
693:
685:
680:
672:
667:
659:
654:
642:. Retrieved
637:
625:
614:. Retrieved
609:
600:
586:
578:
573:
562:. Retrieved
553:
545:
527:
507:. Retrieved
483:. Retrieved
413:
409:
405:
396:
379:
366:
363:
352:
347:Shozo Makino
340:
331:
314:
302:
295:
286:
283:
274:
270:
262:
240:
239:
180:Medal record
165:Matthew Mann
149:College team
97:(1989-06-07)
95:June 7, 1989
1400:1989 deaths
1395:1913 births
1282:Jack Medica
1257:Jack Kasley
1116:Helen Johns
1069:Edwin Moles
1009:Frank Booth
1389:Categories
1227:Peter Fick
1217:Jim Cristy
1210:Men's team
1024:Jim Cristy
1002:Men's Team
948:Jim Cristy
717:2023-01-27
644:August 22,
616:2010-05-03
564:2023-01-27
453:Jim Cristy
436:References
259:Early life
136:, Distance
76:1913-01-22
21:Jim Cristy
1292:Paul Wolf
411:purpose.
134:Freestyle
1262:Ray Kaye
1084:Dan Zehr
761:Archived
456:Archived
419:See also
168:Michigan
120:Swimming
53:Nickname
245:swimmer
130:Strokes
84:Detroit
916:4 Dec
817:4 Dec
783:4 Dec
634:(PDF)
509:4 Dec
485:4 Dec
161:Coach
116:Sport
111:Sport
57:"Jim"
918:2023
819:2023
785:2023
646:2016
638:NCAA
511:2023
487:2023
141:Club
105:, US
92:Died
70:Born
1391::
636:.
608:.
535:^
519:^
495:^
467:^
444:^
1195:e
1188:t
1181:v
987:e
980:t
973:v
920:.
821:.
787:.
720:.
648:.
619:.
567:.
513:.
489:.
78:)
74:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.