755:(MC) in recognition of gallant and distinguished service in the South West Pacific. There was a dynastic tradition of exceptional military courage: his father had also won the MC during the First World War, and his brother Patrick Forbes later won the award during the Korean War, "the only known instance of three members of an Australian family winning similar decorations for bravery in three consecutive wars".
875:
924:, and was a compromise between universal conscription and a military reliant upon volunteers. In 2014, he recalled "More than any other person, I had been responsible for persuading Cabinet that they should introduce this scheme. It was the right decision. It was never terribly popular but it was a very fair system and I had to take the burden for that."
52:
999:
was found by police in his
Adelaide hotel room and he was charged with assault following a brawl at a Melbourne pub. In a 2014 interview Forbes stated that, while he accepted responsibility for the decision, he "didn't think it was necessary" and had been pressured by McMahon who believed it would be
990:
will continue to be considered on their individual merits in accordance with our non-European immigration policies. These policies reflect the firm and unshakeable determination of the
Government to maintain a homogeneous society in Australia." Forbes also ordered the deportation of musician
1062:
from 1979 to 1985, including as chairman from 1982 to 1985. He maintained an involvement with politics after leaving parliament, and in 1979 was elected South
Australian state president of the Liberal Party. In May 1982, Forbes was elected as the party's new federal president, defeating
917:
occurred during his tenure, although he was not held responsible. As army minister in the lead-up to the
Vietnam War, Forbes successfully advocated for a selective national service scheme as a way of solving the army's manpower problems. This became the
1020:, for his part, told parliament that Whitlam should be ashamed of himself. Snedden described Whitlam as "gutless". Whitlam responded: "It is what put in his guts that rooted him." Eventually, Whitlam (at the insistence of Speaker
2010:
1078:
In 2011, 36 years after his retirement from parliament, it was reported that he had spent $ 16,000 on subsidised flights in the first six months of 2011, charging taxpayers for a total of 29 flights for himself and his family.
1990:
2015:
1638:
854:
In parliament, Forbes became part of the "Oxbridge group", the name given by journalists to a set of "outspoken" Liberal backbenchers who had studied at Oxford and
Cambridge. The other members were
2045:
345:
2005:
1907:
1031:
An enraged Forbes followed
Whitlam out of the chamber, calling him a "filthy bastard". Whitlam retorted: "Look, he's still shaking." Forbes stated that any shaking was due to
2025:
1995:
1099:
652:
34:
959:
Inquiry. The scheme came into effect on 1 January 1970 and provided free health insurance for low-income earners, while maintaining a reliance on private insurance.
939:. He made the controversial decision to close the government-owned Canberra Abattoir, the announcement of which in March 1969 prompted the resignation of the entire
2040:
1366:
940:
2035:
1613:
948:
1980:
748:
615:
2000:
1880:
1184:
943:. The abattoir was sold to private owners in June 1969. Forbes also made the decision to ban the importation into Australia of cheese made from
2030:
1012:
accused Forbes of having abused the
Government's hospitality by drinking too much at a reception for the visiting New Zealand prime minister
790:
Upon his return to
Australia he lectured in political science at the University of Adelaide. He married Margaret Blackburn, the daughter of
1952:
967:
859:
696:
442:
63:
1819:
1064:
763:
668:
401:
218:
899:
1406:
1985:
903:
895:
823:
from 1948 to 1951, as well as the founding president of the
Adelaide University Liberal Union. He first stood for parliament at the
688:
684:
237:
183:
1075:. He resigned the position in July 1985, delivering a "stern call for unity" in his final address to the party's federal council.
2020:
1853:
1826:
1043:
975:
891:
824:
740:
556:
911:
1055:
987:
932:
736:
692:
117:
1711:
1038:
In early 1975 Snedden, having failed to defeat
Whitlam at the previous year's election, was deposed as Opposition Leader by
1059:
1378:
816:
1264:
1087:
1083:
820:
672:
510:
291:
1715:
1591:
1562:
920:
1325:"Commonwealth of Australia legislative election of 10 December 1955 - Voting by constituency - South Australia"
779:
564:
955:
and was tasked with implementing the government's national health scheme, based on the recommendations of the
1586:
951:. This also proved controversial, and the ban was deferred twice. Forbes retained the health ministry in the
1925:
1374:
840:
1181:
910:
would take over once parliament approved an enlargement of the ministry; this occurred in March 1964. The
828:
767:
699:(1971–1972). At his death, Forbes was the last surviving Liberal minister who served in the ministries of
560:
1324:
1792:
1766:
1106:
in 2001, "for service to the Commonwealth Parliament and as Chairman, Commonwealth Serum Laboratories".
712:
680:
1975:
1970:
1863:
1436:
836:
799:
1291:
1157:
732:
1205:
1942:
1695:
1675:
1655:
1507:
1487:
1467:
1401:
1351:
1230:
1210:
971:
956:
844:
676:
407:
1557:
1068:
952:
1736:
795:
771:
759:
625:
543:
1873:
1188:
1103:
996:
963:
936:
907:
744:
587:
499:
284:
164:
152:
86:
1934:
1890:
1836:
1690:
1670:
1650:
1502:
1482:
1462:
1306:
1225:
1039:
944:
928:
863:
848:
791:
775:
752:
700:
659:
635:
430:
316:
312:
260:
230:
206:
176:
41:
25:
1346:
1286:
1964:
1917:
1900:
1017:
1009:
879:
110:
98:
1788:
1762:
874:
1046:, having become disillusioned with the internal conflict within the Liberal Party.
883:
368:
1246:
Jim Forbes interviewed by Mel Pratt for the Mel Pratt collection (sound recording)
1535:
1126:
778:) degree in 1950. He then undertook postgraduate studies in political science at
1846:
1072:
1013:
978:. He resisted British pressure to admit ethnically-Asian refugees expelled from
708:
704:
392:
338:
272:
148:
144:
140:
1024:) withdrew the remark, but only after ensuring that it had been transcribed by
1008:
During the November 1973 House of Representatives session, ALP Prime Minister
992:
832:
605:
551:
380:
1042:. Forbes immediately resigned from the frontbench and chose to retire at the
1245:
728:
51:
1032:
1021:
983:
855:
495:
478:
731:
Alexander Moore Forbes. He was educated on the Australian mainland, at
1016:. Forbes demanded that the remark be withdrawn; and Opposition Leader
979:
724:
474:
1437:"Chapter 5: Suburbs still searching for a city, 1957–72: Abattoir"
873:
2011:
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
1102:
in recognition of service to the parliament. He was awarded the
1127:"Conscription 50 years on: last Menzies' Lib stands his ground"
788:
The Attitude of the Dominions to Security and Welfare, 1939–45.
766:. After his discharge from the army in 1947, he studied at the
1991:
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
1265:"Forbes on Menzies, Keating and the deportation of Joe Cocker"
1082:
Having lived for many years in the Adelaide eastern suburb of
783:
2016:
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Barker
966:
replaced Gorton as prime minister and Forbes was appointed
851:. He held the seat of Barker until his retirement in 1975.
762:, Forbes was part of Australia's victory contingent in the
747:. He was stationed in Darwin in 1943, then assigned to the
1441:
Government Records about the Australian Capital Territory
839:. The following year, he won the Liberal nomination at a
1058:
from 1978 to 1984. He also served on the council of the
679:
in South Australia. He held ministerial office in the
1367:"Members of the House of Representatives since 1901"
663:(16 December 1923 – 10 August 2019), often known as
631:
621:
611:
601:
593:
583:
575:
570:
550:
539:
516:
506:
485:
457:
452:
436:
424:
398:
386:
374:
364:
344:
332:
322:
308:
290:
278:
266:
254:
236:
224:
212:
200:
182:
170:
158:
134:
116:
104:
92:
80:
62:
23:
1100:Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George
667:, was an Australian politician. He served in the
2046:People educated at St Peter's College, Adelaide
1248:, National Library of Australia, 14 March 1978.
683:governments of the 1960s and 1970s, serving as
906:on a temporary basis, in the expectation that
941:Australian Capital Territory Advisory Council
8:
1177:
1175:
949:National Health and Medical Research Council
2006:Australian recipients of the Military Cross
1258:
1256:
1254:
866:; Bury and Forbes were particularly close.
802:, Oxford. They had five children together.
751:. On 24 April 1945, Forbes was awarded the
420:13 October 1956 – 11 November 1975
292:President of the Liberal Party of Australia
196:18 December 1963 – 26 January 1966
2026:Royal Military College, Duntroon graduates
1808:
1120:
1118:
50:
20:
1996:Australian Army personnel of World War II
1307:"Dr. A. J. Forbes To Contest Barker Seat"
1214:(Supplement). 21 June 1945. p. 3237.
894:, Forbes was elevated to the ministry as
743:, in 1942, he was commissioned into the
250:18 December 1963 – 4 March 1964
130:26 January 1966 – 22 March 1971
76:22 March 1971 – 5 December 1972
1521:
1463:"Butchers accuse Forbes over statement"
1402:"Bury, Leslie Harry Ernest (1913–1986)"
1114:
739:in Adelaide. Having graduated from the
723:Forbes was born on 16 December 1923 in
2041:People educated at Knox Grammar School
931:in January 1966, Forbes was appointed
1671:"Forbes to quit as Liberal president"
1536:"You're welcome, if we're interested"
1158:"Guide to the Papers of A. J. Forbes"
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
671:from 1956 to 1975 as a member of the
7:
1710:Hudson, Phillip (29 November 2011).
986:'s regime, stating "Applications by
2036:20th-century Australian politicians
1789:"The Hon Dr Alexander James FORBES"
1712:"Free Travel – even 36 years later"
1651:"Forbes news president of Liberals"
995:in 1972, after a small quantity of
827:, aged 31, losing to the incumbent
764:London Victory Celebrations of 1946
304:15 May 1982 – 16 July 1985
1981:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
1407:Australian Dictionary of Biography
1263:Naughton, Kevin (9 January 2014).
1125:Naughton, Kevin (7 January 2014).
346:President of the South Australian
14:
2001:Ministers for health of Australia
1737:"FORBES, Alexander James CMG, MC"
1585:Ramsey, Alan (10 December 2003).
1195:, Department of Veterans Affairs.
16:Australian politician (1923–2019)
1443:. National Archives of Australia
1287:"Oxford wedding for S.A. couple"
843:for the much friendlier seat of
741:Royal Military College, Duntroon
557:Royal Military College, Duntroon
360:13 November 1979 – 1982
1182:FORBES, ALEXANDER JAMES DEBURGH
1160:. National Library of Australia
1056:Commonwealth Serum Laboratories
947:milk, based on advice from the
847:caused by the death of Speaker
786:in 1954. His thesis was titled
719:Early life and military service
648:Alexander James de Burgh Forbes
616:2nd Australian Mountain Battery
529:
462:Alexander James de Burgh Forbes
1534:Neumann, Klaus (3 July 2004).
1423:John Gorton: He Did It His Way
1090:, aged 95, on 10 August 2019.
1:
2031:University of Adelaide alumni
1614:"Liberal denies drink charge"
1327:. Australian Election Archive
1060:National Library of Australia
1035:and not alcohol consumption.
970:, a title he held until the
815:Forbes was president of the
1763:"Dr Alexander James FORBES"
1098:In 1977, Forbes was made a
2062:
1743:. Adelaide. 13 August 2019
1691:"Liberals warned on unity"
1503:"Cheese ban put off again"
1088:Calvary Wakefield Hospital
821:Liberal and Country League
1949:
1939:
1931:
1924:
1914:
1905:
1897:
1887:
1878:
1870:
1860:
1851:
1843:
1833:
1824:
1816:
1811:
1592:The Sydney Morning Herald
1563:The Sydney Morning Herald
1187:17 September 2016 at the
1004:Final years in parliament
921:National Service Act 1964
782:, where he was awarded a
758:Following the end of the
641:
448:
413:
353:
297:
243:
189:
123:
69:
58:
49:
1986:Australian Army officers
1908:Minister for Immigration
1347:"Close voting in Barker"
1226:"Keeping Up A Tradition"
968:Minister for Immigration
927:After the retirement of
902:. He was also appointed
780:Magdalen College, Oxford
669:House of Representatives
565:Magdalen College, Oxford
64:Minister for Immigration
2021:Politicians from Hobart
1926:Parliament of Australia
1524:, p. 211–212, 256.
1400:Boadle, Donald (2007).
1375:Parliament of Australia
1311:Northern Suburbs Weekly
1054:Forbes was chairman of
1371:Parliamentary Handbook
887:
829:Australian Labor Party
768:University of Adelaide
561:University of Adelaide
1854:Minister for the Navy
1827:Minister for the Army
1538:. Project SafeCom Inc
1425:. Hodder. p. 94.
1421:Hancock, Ian (2002).
1000:politically popular.
904:Minister for the Navy
896:Minister for the Army
877:
825:1955 federal election
770:where he completed a
713:First Gorton Ministry
685:Minister for the Navy
594:Years of service
402:Australian Parliament
238:Minister for the Navy
184:Minister for the Army
1491:. 23 September 1966.
1313:. 27 September 1956.
800:St Peter-in-the-East
794:recipient Brigadier
749:2nd Mountain Battery
1881:Minister for Health
1639:Liberals' president
1381:on 17 November 2007
933:Minister for Health
733:Knox Grammar School
675:, representing the
118:Minister for Health
1812:Political offices
1769:. 31 December 1977
1696:The Canberra Times
1676:The Canberra Times
1656:The Canberra Times
1620:. 16 November 1973
1587:"Going Down Under"
1558:"Going Down Under"
1508:The Canberra Times
1488:The Canberra Times
1468:The Canberra Times
1355:. 15 October 1956.
1352:The Canberra Times
1231:The Canberra Times
1211:The London Gazette
1094:Awards and honours
1022:James Francis Cope
972:McMahon government
900:Menzies Government
888:
870:Ministerial career
737:St Peter's College
701:Sir Robert Menzies
677:Division of Barker
522:Margaret Blackburn
1959:
1958:
1950:Succeeded by
1915:Succeeded by
1888:Succeeded by
1861:Succeeded by
1834:Succeeded by
1483:"The Forbes luck"
1292:The Adelaide Mail
1028:s stenographers.
974:'s defeat in the
953:Gorton government
913:Melbourne–Voyager
735:in Sydney and at
711:, as well as the
695:(1966–1971), and
645:
644:
2053:
1932:Preceded by
1898:Preceded by
1871:Preceded by
1844:Preceded by
1817:Preceded by
1809:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1647:
1641:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1511:. 18 March 1967.
1499:
1493:
1492:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1377:. Archived from
1363:
1357:
1356:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1260:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1202:
1196:
1193:WW2 Nominal Roll
1179:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1154:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1122:
988:Asians in Uganda
796:Arthur Blackburn
772:Bachelor of Arts
760:Second World War
662:
657:
626:Second World War
571:Military service
544:Arthur Blackburn
533:
531:
492:
472:16 December 1923
471:
469:
453:Personal details
439:
427:
418:
404:
389:
377:
369:Dr. David Tonkin
358:
335:
325:
302:
281:
269:
257:
248:
227:
215:
203:
194:
173:
161:
137:
128:
107:
95:
83:
74:
54:
44:
39:
21:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2050:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1920:
1911:
1903:
1893:
1884:
1876:
1874:Reginald Swartz
1866:
1857:
1849:
1839:
1830:
1822:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1699:. 16 July 1985.
1689:
1688:
1684:
1679:. 12 June 1985.
1669:
1668:
1664:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1520:
1516:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1471:. 9 April 1969.
1461:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1410:. Vol. 17.
1399:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1382:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1295:. 26 July 1952.
1285:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1189:Wayback Machine
1180:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1112:
1104:Centenary Medal
1096:
1071:to replace Sir
1052:
1006:
964:William McMahon
962:In March 1971,
937:Holt government
872:
835:in the seat of
813:
808:
745:Australian Army
721:
655:
651:
588:Australian Army
563:
559:
546:(father-in-law)
535:
532: 1952)
527:
523:
507:Political party
500:South Australia
494:
490:
473:
467:
465:
464:
463:
437:
425:
419:
414:
405:
400:
387:
375:
359:
354:
347:
333:
328:Sir John Atwill
323:
315:
303:
298:
279:
267:
255:
249:
244:
225:
213:
201:
195:
190:
171:
165:Reginald Swartz
159:
153:William McMahon
151:
147:
143:
135:
129:
124:
105:
93:
87:William McMahon
81:
75:
70:
45:
37:
33:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2059:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1948:
1938:
1935:Archie Cameron
1933:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1891:Ivor Greenwood
1889:
1886:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1859:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1837:Malcolm Fraser
1835:
1832:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1805:
1793:It's An Honour
1780:
1767:It's An Honour
1754:
1741:The Advertiser
1728:
1716:The Advertiser
1702:
1682:
1662:
1659:. 16 May 1982.
1642:
1631:
1605:
1577:
1549:
1526:
1514:
1494:
1474:
1454:
1428:
1413:
1392:
1358:
1338:
1316:
1298:
1278:
1250:
1237:
1217:
1197:
1171:
1140:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1095:
1092:
1051:
1050:After politics
1048:
1040:Malcolm Fraser
1005:
1002:
929:Robert Menzies
871:
868:
864:Bill Wentworth
849:Archie Cameron
819:branch of the
812:
809:
807:
804:
792:Victoria Cross
753:Military Cross
720:
717:
643:
642:
639:
638:
636:Military Cross
633:
629:
628:
623:
619:
618:
613:
609:
608:
603:
599:
598:
595:
591:
590:
585:
584:Branch/service
581:
580:
577:
573:
572:
568:
567:
554:
548:
547:
541:
537:
536:
525:
521:
520:
518:
514:
513:
508:
504:
503:
493:(aged 95)
489:10 August 2019
487:
483:
482:
461:
459:
455:
454:
450:
449:
446:
445:
440:
434:
433:
431:Archie Cameron
428:
422:
421:
411:
410:
399:Member of the
396:
395:
390:
384:
383:
378:
372:
371:
366:
362:
361:
351:
350:
342:
341:
336:
330:
329:
326:
320:
319:
317:Andrew Peacock
313:Malcolm Fraser
310:
306:
305:
295:
294:
288:
287:
282:
276:
275:
270:
264:
263:
261:Robert Menzies
258:
256:Prime Minister
252:
251:
241:
240:
234:
233:
231:Malcolm Fraser
228:
222:
221:
216:
210:
209:
207:Robert Menzies
204:
202:Prime Minister
198:
197:
187:
186:
180:
179:
177:Ivor Greenwood
174:
168:
167:
162:
156:
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30:Dr Jim Forbes
27:
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19:
1953:James Porter
1940:
1906:
1879:
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1796:. Retrieved
1783:
1771:. Retrieved
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1740:
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1719:. Retrieved
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1617:
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1596:. Retrieved
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1540:. Retrieved
1529:
1522:Hancock 2002
1517:
1506:
1497:
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1477:
1466:
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1445:. Retrieved
1440:
1431:
1422:
1416:
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1383:. Retrieved
1379:the original
1370:
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1350:
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1301:
1290:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1244:Pratt, Mel:
1240:
1229:
1220:
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1200:
1192:
1162:. Retrieved
1131:. Retrieved
1097:
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1025:
1007:
961:
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884:Doug Anthony
878:Forbes with
860:Harry Turner
853:
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811:Early career
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757:
722:
665:A. J. Forbes
664:
647:
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622:Battles/wars
491:(2019-08-10)
443:James Porter
438:Succeeded by
415:
388:Succeeded by
355:
334:Succeeded by
299:
280:Succeeded by
245:
226:Succeeded by
191:
172:Succeeded by
125:
106:Succeeded by
71:
18:
1976:2019 deaths
1971:1923 births
1941:Member for
1864:Fred Chaney
1847:John Gorton
1820:John Cramer
1721:29 November
1624:14 February
1385:18 November
1206:"No. 37138"
1073:John Atwill
1065:John Herron
1014:Norman Kirk
908:Fred Chaney
841:by-election
817:Mount Lofty
709:John McEwen
705:Harold Holt
697:Immigration
502:, Australia
481:, Australia
426:Preceded by
393:Don Laidlaw
376:Preceded by
339:John Valder
324:Preceded by
285:Fred Chaney
273:John Gorton
268:Preceded by
219:John Cramer
214:Preceded by
160:Preceded by
149:John Gorton
145:John McEwen
141:Harold Holt
94:Preceded by
1965:Categories
1947:1956–1975
1912:1971–1972
1885:1966–1971
1858:1963–1964
1831:1963–1966
1598:10 January
1570:10 January
1542:10 January
1110:References
993:Joe Cocker
890:After the
833:Pat Galvin
606:Lieutenant
576:Allegiance
552:Alma mater
468:1923-12-16
381:John Olsen
1798:10 August
1773:10 August
1747:13 August
1447:10 August
1331:10 August
1271:10 August
1267:. InDaily
1164:10 August
1133:10 August
1129:. InDaily
1084:St Peters
915:collision
729:Brigadier
681:Coalition
597:1940–1947
579:Australia
540:Relations
416:In office
356:In office
300:In office
246:In office
192:In office
126:In office
72:In office
1185:Archived
1069:Joy Mein
1033:sciatica
1026:Hansard'
997:cannabis
984:Idi Amin
856:Les Bury
837:Kingston
806:Politics
496:Adelaide
479:Tasmania
1618:The Age
982:during
935:in the
898:in the
886:in 1963
534:
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511:Liberal
1943:Barker
980:Uganda
862:, and
845:Barker
725:Hobart
693:Health
632:Awards
517:Spouse
475:Hobart
408:Barker
365:Leader
309:Leader
957:Nimmo
776:Hons.
658:
656:,
528:(
524:
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38:,
1800:2019
1775:2019
1749:2019
1723:2011
1626:2013
1600:2008
1572:2008
1544:2008
1449:2019
1387:2007
1333:2019
1273:2019
1166:2019
1135:2019
1067:and
882:and
707:and
689:Army
612:Unit
602:Rank
486:Died
458:Born
406:for
784:PhD
653:CMG
35:CMG
1967::
1791:.
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1739:.
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