1004:—the state's highest civilian honor—for public service in 2006. His official desk is kept at the governor's office in the Department of Administration building. Historian Karl Campbell described his record as falling "well within the parameters of the moderate progressive Democratic governors who preceded him." Journalist Rob Christensen wrote, "Few people played a greater role in turning North Carolina into a two-party state than Holshouser". Reflecting on his time in office, Holshouser said in an interview that his service proved that "North Carolina could operate for four years with a Republican governor without the world coming to an end and without causing a major political crisis or anything like that." Hunt referred to him as one of North Carolina's "better angels".
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plan was passed into law, and was gradually phased in so that by 1977 all children in North
Carolina would be enrolled in kindergarten. His budget also expanded funding for state parks and he worked with Hunt to create the Coastal Area Management Act to control development along the Eastern Seaboard. Holshouser supported a similar bill for mountain regions, but failed to secure the support of Republican legislators to pass it. The two encouraged the state legislature to ratify the
869:—ousted many legislators in North Carolina. Holshouser's interim appointee for attorney general, Carson, was also defeated. All of his judicial appointees, save for a single Democrat, lost re-election. The governor continued to maintain good relations with Democratic legislators, but began experiencing more opposition from Helms' wing of the Republican Party. This was in part due Holshouser's backing of William C. Stevens—a relative of Republican Congressman
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A feud began in June 1973 when one of
Holshouser's close aides, Gene Anderson, fired several conservative Democrats from state office, even though they were ideologically similar to Helms' supporters. Republican Party chairman Frank Rouse, a conservative who had supported Gardner and Helms, visited Holshouser to ask him to fire Anderson. The governor refused, and successfully backed Tom Bennet to replace Rouse in the autumn of 1973.
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815:, who held sway in the legislature, and during their first two years in office they minimized partisanship in dealing with each other. In some instances the legislature attempted to weaken the powers of his office but Allen, Ramsey, and Hunt—all aspiring to be governor one day—stopped these challenges. The legislature rejected his 1973 proposal to authorize governors to run for a consecutive term.
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administration adopted about 600 of the suggestions, and he later estimated that the changes saved the state government $ 80 million annually. Holshouser also pursued a much more active role in the state budgeting process than his predecessors, regularly attending and presiding over sessions of the
Advisory Budget Commission.
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maintained cordial relations with each other, though the tensions between their respective wings for the party strained communication between them for decades. Whether they were truly of much different ideological persuasions is unknown, though public perception of each man was different. State
Senator
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opined, "Holsouser is probably as conservative as Helms but not as vociferous." When asked about his beliefs, Holshouser said, "I find people on the left view me as a conservative and people on the right view me as a moderate or maybe moderate conservative. I have never viewed myself left of center."
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representing
Watauga County, campaigning on a platform of court reform, low taxes, and creating an automobile inspection law. He was sworn in on February 7, 1963. Throughout his tenure he focused on restructuring government and higher education institutions, and drug abuse legislation. He became the
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to join the
Republican Party. Since 1964, the Republican Party had nationally diverged into a moderate wing and a conservative wing. Holshouser governed as a pragmatic centrist, and his control over the state party was tenuous. In the 1972 election he had campaigned independently of Helms. The two
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were removed. Holshouser's first executive order established the
Governor's Efficiency Study Commission. After months of study the board recommended 700 cost-cutting measures, including five-year license plates, use of compact cars by state agencies, and centralized printing services. Holshouser's
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to allow gubernatorial succession. He decided against pursuing reelection to the governorship, later explaining, " were very, very tired by the end of 1976. And we were ready for a break from politics, ready to sort of get out of the limelight and back in the private sector because I never really
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Holshouser came into office when North
Carolina had a $ 265 million budget surplus, which enabled him to fulfill some of his campaign promises. He consulted Hunt on budget proposals and incorporated Hunt's plan to expand kindergarten in the state educational system in his January 1973 budget. The
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for undergraduate studies, majoring in history. He edited the school newspaper, wrote for the yearbook, and was a member of a fraternity, a literary society, and the international relations club. He strongly considered becoming a sports writer, and during his senior year he worked on the sports
663:. Bowles had also been harmed by a fractious primary. Both Republicans and Democrats generally considered Holshouser's victory a "fluke". He was inaugurated on January 5, 1973. At age 38, he was the state's youngest governor since the 19th century and the first Republican governor since
889:. Holshouser was booed when he addressed the state Republican convention. He attended the national convention anyway, but did not sit with the North Carolina delegation. Legally restricted to one term, Holshouser was succeeded by Hunt as governor on January 8, 1977.
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described the
Holshouser family as "good livers", meaning they lived comfortably and had respectable social standing. James Jr. was a sickly child and suffered from asthma and periodic afflictions of pneumonia, preventing him from pursuing an interest in sports.
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to hundreds of
Republicans who had been unable to work in the state administration under Democratic control, appointed the first woman in a cabinet-level position in the state's history, and enacted hundreds of cost-cutting measures. Though not empowered with
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Though politics was a "casual part of life" in his household while growing up, Holshouser paid little interest in pursuing a political career for much of his early life. He grew more interested in public affairs while at law school, particularly in
731:, co-chairman of the Coastal Plains Regional Commission, and chairman of the Southern Growth Policies Board. Concerned about citizen confusion and disillusionment with the increasing complexity of government, he created the Office of Governor's
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Holshouser lacked executive experience upon assuming gubernatorial office, and had a tendency to react to others' proposals rather than create his own. Upon taking office, he fired many incumbent state employees to accommodate the awarding of
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603:, a conservative U.S. Representative who hailed from eastern North Carolina and had run as the Republican candidate in 1968. Holshouser focused his campaign on the traditionally Republican counties in the mountainous west and the
700:, he issued instructions to lower speed limits and reduce heating in government buildings. Citing the governor's constitutional prerogative to reorganize departments, he moved the Office of Child Development from the
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of Republican Richard Nixon's large victory in North Carolina in the presidential election. Holshouser led in the traditionally-Republican mountain and western Piedmont counties, while also gaining a majority in the
501:. He later figured making a career out of sports would cause him to tire of them, so he decided to do what his father had done and become a lawyer. He graduated from Davidson College in 1956 and enrolled at the
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In the mid-20th century the two major political parties in North Carolina had little ideological basis; party identification was generally a matter of generational descent tracing back to loyalties from the
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issues. Party association aside, Holshouser maintained a good relationship with the Assembly, as most of its members had known him when he was a state representative, including Senate majority leader
566:. He also established the party organization's first permanent staff. He retired from the party chairmanship in November 1971 to focus on a gubernatorial campaign in 1972. One of his friends,
398:, Holshouser initially sought to become a sports journalist before deciding to pursue a law degree. While in law school he developed an interest in politics and in 1962 he was elected to the
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anticipated a political career." Out of office he served on several steering and advisory committees for Republican gubernatorial and senatorial candidates. In 1984 he campaigned for
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in the House in 1965, thus becoming the highest-ranking Republican public official in the state. Skipping the 1967 session, he returned to the House in 1969. Made chairman of the
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to improve economic opportunity for blacks and boost minority electoral support for Republicans. He led a trade delegation to Moscow in September 1973. He appointed Republican
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Holshouser enrolled at Appalachian High School in 1948. He served as senior class president (he was elected unopposed), editor of the school newspaper, and was a member of the
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885:. Reagan won the North Carolina presidential primary with Helms' backing, and the Republican state convention refused to appoint Holshouser or Broyhill as a delegate to the
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metro areas. He performed well among women and younger voters, while also appealing more to black voters than more conservative Republicans such as Gardner and U.S. Senator
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underwent renovations, and for nine months he and his wife lived in a private residence while the work was completed. He also declined to use the governor's office in the
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434:. Holshouser governed as a pragmatic centrist, and his control over the state Republican organization was undermined by conservative supporters of U.S. Senator
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following a decline in his health. His body was cremated and a funeral was held for him on June 21 at Brownson Memorial Presbyterian Church in Southern Pines.
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power over the Democratic-dominated General Assembly, Holshouser tried to avoid political conflict with legislators except over explicitly
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to hundreds of Republicans who had been unable to work in the state administration under Democratic control; 100 employees in the
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Holshouser ran for the office of Governor of North Carolina in 1972, winning the Republican nomination and narrowly defeating his
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where he focused on restructuring government and higher education institutions, and drug abuse legislation. Made chairman of the
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for president in 1976, with the governor serving as Ford's southern campaign chairman. Helms supported the more conservative
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558:'s 1968 presidential campaign in North Carolina and rose to statewide prominence the following year when he opposed Governor
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Holshouser's wife died in 2006. He died on the morning of June 17, 2013, at First Health of the Carolinas Medical Center in
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During his time as governor, Holshouser was engaged in an intra-party rivalry with conservative followers of U.S. Senator
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in March 1966, he established the organization's first permanent staff and gained prominence by opposing a cigarette tax.
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in September 1957, earning his law degree in 1960. He subsequently joined his father's law practice in Boone and married
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in 1986. As a result, he gave his support to organ transplant organizations and served on the board of directors of the
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953:'s election as governor and two years later he led a group, Citizens for a Conservative Court, which sought to block
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The Paradox of Tar Heel Politics : The Personalities, Elections, and Events That Shaped Modern North Carolina
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852:. By the 1970s the national Democratic Party had drifted leftward on economic and social questions, leading some
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458:, United States, to James E. Holshouser and Virginia Dayvault Holshouser. His father was an active member of the
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power and facing a Democrat-dominated legislature, he cultivated a working relationship with Lieutenant Governor
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After leaving office, Holshouser returned to the practice of law, splitting his time between firms in Boone and
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on March 21, 1973, to field questions and complaints from the public about state administration. He appointed
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The Rise and Fall of the Branchhead Boys: North Carolina's Scott Family and the Era of Progressive Politics
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following its destruction by fire. Holshouser publicly supported the federally-backed planned community of
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This article is about the American politician. For the game show contestant and professional gambler, see
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2173:"Former Gov. James E. Holshouser is remembered as a caring man who 'gave politicians a good name.'"
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Holshouser issued a total of 21 executive orders during his tenure. To mitigate the effects of the
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Bernick, E. Lee; Wiggins, Charles W. (1984). "The Governor's Executive Order: An Unknown Power".
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Holshouser (third from left) with a North Carolina economic delegation in Moscow, September 1973
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Christensen, Rob (November 9, 2006). "Holshouser, 6 others honored with North Carolina Award".
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in September 1975 to fill a vacancy created by the death of the previous Democratic incumbent,
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1098:"Biographical conversations with... James Holshouser : Early Life and Political Career"
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The Transformation of Southern Politics: Social Change and Political Consequence Since 1945
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The Making of a Southern Democracy: North Carolina Politics from Kerr Scott to Pat McCrory
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382:(October 8, 1934 – June 17, 2013) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the
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2225:"Dedication Ceremony Set For US-321 in Boone Highway To Be Named For Governor Holshouser"
712:, to coordinate actions between the state and federal governments. During his tenure the
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Christensen, Rob (December 8, 2006). "Former first lady Patricia Holshouser, 67, dies".
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outside of Boone was named for him in 1986. Professorships were endowed in his honor at
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2080:"Biographical conversations with... James Holshouser : The UNC Board of Governors"
1462:"Biographical conversations with... James Holshouser : Governor of North Carolina"
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478:, though she eventually left the party before becoming a Republican in 1972. People in
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873:—for nomination in the 1974 U.S. Senate race, instead of Helms' choice, State Senator
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as Commissioner of the Department of Art, History and Culture, the first woman in a
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and Davidson College. Continuing to suffer kidney problems that were treated with
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Holshouser declared his candidacy for the office of Governor of North Carolina in
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1365:"Biographical conversations with... James Holshouser : Timeline (continued)"
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1234:"Republicans Sweep Watauga Co. Offices : Demos Go Down In Near Record Loss"
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in 1979, and later served as a member emeritus. He also served on the Boards of
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901:. In 1978 he moved to the latter town. He secured a pilot's license and flew a
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in the general election, 767,470 votes to 729,104, likely benefitting from the
595:, he ran in spite of his doctor's concerns about his health. In the Republican
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Campbell, Karl E. (2017). "The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Plutocracy".
2267:. North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. June 18, 2013
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Holshouser campaigned on a platform of raising teachers' salaries, reducing
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538:. In 1962 he was elected chairman of the Watauga County Young Republicans.
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2422:(second ed.). Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
1301:"Jim Holshouser discusses Republican Party, Helms, Hunt, and succession"
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Board of Commissioners. He was elected to the Board of Governors of the
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Republican Party members of the North Carolina House of Representatives
2527:
Liberalism, Black Power, and the Making of American Politics, 1965-1980
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2610:"The Ombudsman, or Citizens' Defender - The North Carolina Experience"
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The North Carolina Century: Tar Heels who Made a Difference, 1900–2000
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1168:"Biographical conversations with... James Holshouser : Timeline"
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In 1974 an electoral backlash against Republicans—in part due to the
2487:. Vol. 40, no. 4. Institute of Government. pp. 11–17.
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Righteous Warrior: Jesse Helms and the Rise of Modern Conservatism
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811:. He enjoyed a good working relationship with Lieutenant Governor
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on June 17, 1961. They had one daughter, Virginia, born in 1963.
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Catalyst: Jim Martin and the Rise of North Carolina Republicans
1240:. Vol. LXXV, no. 19. November 8, 1962. pp. 1, 3.
570:, offered to help him get appointed as general counsel for the
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New Voyages to Carolina: Reinterpreting North Carolina History
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2716:(revised ed.). The University of North Carolina Press.
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between the two locales. He worked for several years as the
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James Eubert Holshouser Jr. was born on October 8, 1934, in
1737:"Morgan Steps Down, Carson Fills Attorney General Position"
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A building bearing Holshouser's name was erected at the
2443:. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
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candidate to be elected as governor of the state since
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Oral History Interviews with James E. Holshouser Jr.
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Covington, Howard E.; Ellis, Marion A., eds. (2002).
2199:"Holshouser's integrity, service praised at funeral"
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in 1997 and 2012, respectively. He was accorded the
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2363:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
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North Carolina House of Representatives
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723:As governor, Holshouser served as a member of the
2321:(reprint ed.). University of Georgia Press.
940:Holshouser joined with Hunt and former governor
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1761:. Associated Press. October 7, 1975. p. 8.
1252:"Holshouser Sees Reform Of Courts High On List"
541:Holshouser was elected in November 1962 to the
3599:State political party chairs of North Carolina
2481:"Recent changes in the appropriations process"
2405:. Raleigh: North Carolina Secretary of State.
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1957:
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1395:"Rep. Holshouser Enters Race For GOP Position"
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763:in August 1974 following Democratic incumbent
630:at the encouragement of his media consultant,
554:in March 1966, Holshouser directed Republican
462:who attended party meetings and served on the
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8:
3584:Republican Party governors of North Carolina
2653:(second ed.). Oxford University Press.
2265:"Sec. Kluttz's Thoughts on James Holshouser"
474:. His mother was a registered member of the
2632:. Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher.
2590:James B. Hunt: A North Carolina Progressive
2378:Champagne, Anthony; Haydel, Judith (1993).
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998:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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944:in 1977 in supporting the amending of the
622:program, building new roads, supporting a
503:University of North Carolina School of Law
76:January 5, 1973 – January 8, 1977
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2572:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
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446:Board of Governors before dying in 2013.
363:University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
2692:The Lumbee Indians: An American Struggle
2569:North Carolina Government & Politics
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877:Holshouser and party regulars supported
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2781:North Carolina House of Representatives
2766:North Carolina House of Representatives
2053:. Vol. 88, no. 4. p. 2B.
2045:Stewart, Elizabeth (January 13, 1977).
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706:Department of Health and Human Services
543:North Carolina House of Representatives
490:. Graduating in June 1952, he attended
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400:North Carolina House of Representatives
204:North Carolina House of Representatives
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2134:"Ex-NC Gov. Jim Holshouser dies at 78"
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1046:. NC Government & Heritage Library
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2752:Oral Histories of the American South
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2047:"Inauguration a Chilling Experience"
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1969:
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957:'s election as Chief Justice of the
773:North Carolina Commissioner of Labor
386:from 1973 to 1977. He was the first
2338:State & Local Government Review
1575:"The 1970s: A Political Sea Change"
1216:"Hollingsworth–Holshouser Marriage"
887:1976 Republican National Convention
2914:January 5, 1973 – January 8, 1977
2608:Haemmel, William G. (April 1979).
2464:. Levine Museum of the New South.
1319:"N.C. Republicans Name Holshouser"
1299:Stacks, David (October 24, 1977).
25:
3594:People from Boone, North Carolina
2617:North Carolina Central Law Review
2399:Cheney, John L. Jr., ed. (1973).
1687:"Former Gov. Jim Holshouser Dies"
1573:Gerard, Philip (April 27, 2021).
1338:"GOP Picks Rouse As New Chairman"
1336:Parker, Roy (November 21, 1971).
1198:"Four More Have Filed For Office"
1038:Hill, Michael (August 27, 2001).
729:Southern Regional Education Board
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2695:. Chapel Hill: UNC Press Books.
2197:Burns, Matthew (June 21, 2013).
1401:. November 18, 1971. p. 8A.
986:North Carolina State Fairgrounds
935:United Network for Organ Sharing
919:St. Andrews Presbyterian College
720:aside from ceremonial purposes.
634:. He narrowly defeated Democrat
574:, but he turned the offer down.
2847:North Carolina Republican Party
2756:Documenting the American South,
2689:Lowery, Malinda Maynor (2018).
2551:. University Press of America.
2530:. University of Georgia Press.
2384:. University Press of America.
1204:. March 15, 1962. pp. 1–2.
854:southern conservative Democrats
781:North Carolina Court of Appeals
761:North Carolina Attorney General
552:North Carolina Republican Party
536:North Carolina General Assembly
404:North Carolina Republican Party
384:68th Governor of North Carolina
323:
115:North Carolina Republican Party
2205:. Capitol Broadcasting Company
2171:Rockett, Ali (June 22, 2013).
1743:. August 29, 1974. p. 8B.
1258:. February 7, 1963. p. 3.
725:National Governors Association
1:
2647:Landis, Alexander P. (1990).
2381:Judicial Reform in the States
2051:King's Mountain Mirror-Herald
1755:"Six Dems lose jobs in labor"
785:North Carolina Superior Court
2758:University of North Carolina
1325:. March 13, 1966. p. 5.
1040:"James Eubert Holshouser Jr"
994:Appalachian State University
959:North Carolina Supreme Court
915:University of North Carolina
718:North Carolina State Capitol
702:Department of Administration
690:Department of Transportation
2479:Dennis, Stephen N. (1975).
2121:Champagne & Haydel 1993
1994:Champagne & Haydel 1993
1772:Champagne & Haydel 1993
1222:. June 22, 1961. p. 5.
946:North Carolina Constitution
380:James Eubert Holshouser Jr.
259:James Eubert Holshouser Jr.
3620:
2910:Governor of North Carolina
2876:Governor of North Carolina
2298:Covington & Ellis 2002
2231:. May 15, 1986. p. 5.
1958:Covington & Ellis 2002
1625:Bernick & Wiggins 1984
1613:Bernick & Wiggins 1984
1065:Covington & Ellis 2002
825:United States Constitution
312:Patricia Ann Hollingsworth
64:Governor of North Carolina
29:
3357:
2916:
2907:
2899:
2894:
2884:
2869:
2861:
2853:
2843:
2835:
2830:
2818:
2806:
2800:
2792:
2777:
2771:
2764:
2668:Link, William A. (2008).
2437:Christensen, Rob (2019).
2418:Christensen, Rob (2010).
2177:The Fayetteville Observer
988:in 1975 and a stretch of
967:political transition team
807:and Speaker of the House
749:Pembroke State University
373:
289:Pinehurst, North Carolina
245:
214:
165:
120:
69:
57:
48:
2831:Party political offices
2587:Grimsley, Wayne (2003).
3604:Phi Delta Theta members
3579:Davidson College alumni
2813:from the 44th district
2674:. New York: Macmillan.
2566:Fleer, Jack D. (1994).
2244:The News & Observer
1421:The News & Observer
1342:The News & Observer
1323:Asheville Citizen-Times
618:, expanding the public
2713:Tar Heel Politics 2000
2524:Fergus, Devin (2009).
2229:West Craven Highlights
931:kidney transplantation
844:
821:Equal Rights Amendment
680:
665:Daniel Lindsay Russell
526:
513:Early political career
507:Patricia Hollingsworth
498:The Charlotte Observer
488:National Honor Society
468:United States Attorney
432:Equal Rights Amendment
161:from the 44th district
2710:Luebke, Paul (2000).
2402:North Carolina Manual
838:
678:
667:was elected in 1896.
520:
456:Boone, North Carolina
396:Boone, North Carolina
272:Boone, North Carolina
2963:lieutenant governors
2774:Murray Harris Coffey
2545:Fleer, Jack (2007).
1759:The Gastonia Gazette
1726:, pp. 90b, 197.
1002:North Carolina Award
769:Thomas Avery Nye Jr.
765:Robert Burren Morgan
628:desegregation busing
578:Gubernatorial career
415:the general election
330:; died
231:Murray Harris Coffey
2824:Liston Bryan Ramsey
2821:Ernest Bryan Messer
2650:The Two-party South
2628:Hood, John (2015).
2492:Eamon, Tom (2014).
2315:Bass, Jack (1995).
2090:on January 18, 2008
2023:, pp. 164–165.
1984:, pp. 162–163.
1972:, pp. 149–150.
1960:, pp. 406–407.
1924:, pp. 158–159.
1663:, pp. 238–239.
1493:, pp. 237–238.
1472:on January 18, 2008
1144:, pp. 120–121.
1108:on January 18, 2008
875:Hamilton C. Horton.
791:Legislative actions
757:James H. Carson Jr.
195:Liston Bryan Ramsey
192:Ernest Bryan Messer
27:American politician
2895:Political offices
2803:Mack Stewart Isaac
2795:District abolished
2485:Popular Government
1996:, pp. 26, 46.
1305:The Daily Tar Heel
850:American Civil War
845:
727:, chairman of the
681:
572:United States Navy
527:
442:and served on the
241:District abolished
182:Mack Stewart Isaac
3556:
3555:
2926:
2925:
2917:Succeeded by
2885:Succeeded by
2854:Succeeded by
2819:Succeeded by
2793:Succeeded by
2702:978-1-4696-4638-1
2429:978-0-8078-7151-5
1804:, pp. 89–90.
1741:The Chowan Herald
1399:The Chowan Herald
980:Legacy and honors
907:official attorney
867:Watergate scandal
831:Political affairs
714:Executive Mansion
671:Executive actions
589:the 1972 election
568:Harry S. Dent Sr.
472:Dwight Eisenhower
377:
376:
16:(Redirected from
3611:
3363:
3362:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2929:
2900:Preceded by
2862:Preceded by
2845:Chairman of the
2836:Preceded by
2801:Preceded by
2772:Preceded by
2762:
2727:
2706:
2685:
2664:
2643:
2624:
2614:
2604:
2583:
2562:
2541:
2513:
2488:
2475:
2454:
2433:
2414:
2395:
2374:
2353:
2332:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2261:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2086:. Archived from
2076:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2006:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1898:
1892:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1805:
1799:
1790:
1784:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1733:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1683:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1570:
1557:
1551:
1538:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1491:Christensen 2019
1488:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1468:. Archived from
1458:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1416:
1403:
1402:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1371:. Archived from
1361:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1296:
1281:
1278:Christensen 2010
1275:
1260:
1259:
1256:Watauga Democrat
1248:
1242:
1241:
1238:Watauga Democrat
1230:
1224:
1223:
1220:Watauga Democrat
1212:
1206:
1205:
1202:Watauga Democrat
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1174:. Archived from
1164:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1104:. Archived from
1094:
1085:
1079:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1035:
783:and four on the
777:William C. Creel
710:Washington, D.C.
492:Davidson College
476:Democratic Party
470:under President
460:Republican Party
354:Davidson College
335:
333:
329:
325:
285:
268:
266:
250:Personal details
238:
228:
219:
189:
179:
170:
159:
146:
134:
125:
103:
91:
74:
53:
43:James Holshouser
39:
21:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3370:
3364:
3360:
3355:
2969:
2956:
2922:
2913:
2905:
2890:
2879:
2867:
2857:
2850:
2841:
2826:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2789:
2783:
2775:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2709:
2703:
2688:
2682:
2667:
2661:
2646:
2640:
2627:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2586:
2580:
2565:
2559:
2548:Governors Speak
2544:
2538:
2523:
2510:
2500:UNC Press Books
2491:
2478:
2472:
2457:
2451:
2436:
2430:
2417:
2398:
2392:
2377:
2371:
2356:
2335:
2329:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2284:
2280:
2270:
2268:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2181:
2179:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2140:. June 18, 2013
2132:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2031:
2027:
2019:
2015:
2007:
2000:
1992:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1916:
1908:
1901:
1893:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1839:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1815:
1808:
1800:
1793:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1766:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1722:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1693:. June 17, 2013
1685:
1684:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1572:
1571:
1560:
1552:
1541:
1533:
1524:
1516:
1509:
1501:
1497:
1489:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1417:
1406:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1375:on July 3, 2007
1363:
1362:
1349:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1298:
1297:
1284:
1276:
1263:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1181:
1179:
1178:on July 3, 2007
1166:
1165:
1148:
1140:
1136:
1128:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1080:
1071:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1037:
1036:
1015:
1010:
982:
951:James G. Martin
929:, he underwent
895:
833:
809:James E. Ramsey
793:
698:1973 oil crisis
673:
585:
580:
560:Robert W. Scott
515:
452:
361:
337:
321:
317:
314:
296:Political party
287:
283:
270:
269:October 8, 1934
264:
262:
261:
260:
236:
226:
220:
215:
206:
202:
193:
187:
177:
171:
166:
160:
155:
144:
132:
126:
121:
101:
89:
75:
70:
44:
35:
32:James Holzhauer
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3617:
3615:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3561:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2967:North Carolina
2957:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2932:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2915:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2888:David Flaherty
2886:
2883:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2817:
2808:Member of the
2805:
2802:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2786:Watauga County
2779:Member of the
2776:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2760:
2759:
2734:
2733:External links
2731:
2729:
2728:
2722:
2707:
2701:
2686:
2680:
2665:
2659:
2644:
2638:
2625:
2605:
2599:
2584:
2578:
2563:
2557:
2542:
2536:
2521:
2516:See profile at
2508:
2489:
2476:
2470:
2455:
2449:
2434:
2428:
2415:
2396:
2390:
2375:
2369:
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2327:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2300:, p. 404.
2290:
2288:, p. 386.
2278:
2256:
2234:
2216:
2189:
2163:
2161:, p. 229.
2151:
2138:Salisbury Post
2125:
2113:
2111:, p. 303.
2101:
2068:
2056:
2037:
2035:, p. 158.
2025:
2013:
2011:, p. 164.
1998:
1986:
1974:
1962:
1950:
1948:, p. 135.
1938:
1936:, p. 354.
1926:
1914:
1912:, p. 149.
1899:
1897:, p. 145.
1884:
1882:, p. 227.
1872:
1870:, p. 163.
1857:
1845:
1843:, p. 160.
1833:
1821:
1806:
1791:
1789:, p. 109.
1776:
1764:
1746:
1728:
1716:
1714:, p. 159.
1704:
1665:
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1651:, p. 106.
1641:
1639:, p. 104.
1629:
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1593:
1558:
1556:, p. 238.
1539:
1537:, p. 158.
1522:
1520:, p. 150.
1507:
1505:, p. 345.
1495:
1483:
1450:
1448:, p. 144.
1438:
1436:, p. 143.
1426:
1404:
1386:
1347:
1328:
1310:
1282:
1280:, p. 229.
1261:
1243:
1225:
1207:
1189:
1146:
1134:
1132:, p. 517.
1119:
1086:
1084:, p. 120.
1069:
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1057:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1006:
990:U.S. Route 321
981:
978:
899:Southern Pines
894:
891:
832:
829:
792:
789:
672:
669:
636:Skipper Bowles
605:urban Piedmont
593:kidney disease
584:
581:
579:
576:
564:tax cigarettes
514:
511:
480:Watauga County
451:
448:
440:Southern Pines
375:
374:
371:
370:
351:
347:
346:
343:
339:
338:
319:
315:
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286:(aged 78)
280:
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154:Member of the
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26:
24:
18:Jim Holshouser
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3616:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
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3534:
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3524:
3521:
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3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
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3479:
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3461:
3459:
3456:
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3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3438:O. M. Gardner
3436:
3434:
3431:
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3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
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3261:O. M. Gardner
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
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2865:James Gardner
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2723:9780807889329
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2681:9780312356002
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2660:9780195065794
2656:
2652:
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2641:
2639:9780895876577
2635:
2631:
2626:
2623:(2): 227–247.
2622:
2618:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2600:9780786416073
2596:
2593:. McFarland.
2592:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2579:9780803268852
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2558:9780761835646
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2509:9781469606972
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2471:9780807827574
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2391:9780819189233
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2291:
2287:
2286:Campbell 2017
2282:
2279:
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2178:
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2155:
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2139:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2123:, p. 28.
2122:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2066:, p. 57.
2065:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1855:, p. 97.
1854:
1853:Grimsley 2003
1849:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1831:, p. 90.
1830:
1829:Grimsley 2003
1825:
1822:
1819:, p. 91.
1818:
1817:Grimsley 2003
1813:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1802:Grimsley 2003
1798:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1774:, p. 46.
1773:
1768:
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1630:
1626:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1603:, p. 12.
1602:
1597:
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955:James G. Exum
952:
947:
943:
942:Terry Sanford
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
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908:
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890:
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883:Ronald Reagan
880:
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649:Winston-Salem
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629:
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610:
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582:
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569:
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561:
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556:Richard Nixon
553:
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282:June 17, 2013
281:
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201:Member of the
199:
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185:
181:
175:
169:
164:
158:
152:
148:
142:
139:
136:
130:
124:
119:
116:
113:Chair of the
111:
108:
105:
99:
96:
93:
87:
83:
79:
73:
68:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3326:J. G. Martin
3315:
2908:
2903:Robert Scott
2874:nominee for
2870:
2844:
2807:
2778:
2755:
2712:
2691:
2670:
2649:
2629:
2620:
2616:
2589:
2568:
2547:
2526:
2519:Google Books
2493:
2484:
2460:
2439:
2419:
2401:
2380:
2359:
2341:
2337:
2317:
2293:
2281:
2269:. Retrieved
2259:
2243:
2237:
2228:
2219:
2207:. Retrieved
2202:
2192:
2180:. Retrieved
2176:
2166:
2154:
2142:. Retrieved
2137:
2128:
2116:
2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:the original
2059:
2050:
2040:
2028:
2016:
1989:
1977:
1965:
1953:
1941:
1929:
1917:
1875:
1848:
1836:
1824:
1767:
1758:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1719:
1707:
1695:. Retrieved
1690:
1661:Haemmel 1979
1656:
1644:
1632:
1627:, p. 7.
1620:
1615:, p. 6.
1608:
1596:
1584:. Retrieved
1578:
1498:
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1470:the original
1441:
1429:
1420:
1398:
1389:
1377:. Retrieved
1373:the original
1344:. p. 1.
1341:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1307:. p. 8.
1304:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1176:the original
1137:
1110:. Retrieved
1106:the original
1060:
1050:December 30,
1048:. Retrieved
1043:
983:
971:
939:
911:Moore County
896:
871:Jim Broyhill
864:
846:
817:
805:Gordon Allen
794:
759:to serve as
747:building at
737:Grace Rohrer
722:
695:
682:
624:war on drugs
620:kindergarten
613:
586:
548:floor leader
540:
532:court reform
528:
522:
496:
485:
453:
413:opponent in
408:
379:
378:
284:(2013-06-17)
237:Succeeded by
216:
188:Succeeded by
167:
145:Succeeded by
122:
102:Succeeded by
95:Robert Scott
71:
36:
3574:2013 deaths
3569:1934 births
3498:R. W. Scott
3433:Daughtridge
3311:R. W. Scott
3286:W. K. Scott
3111:Spaight Jr.
3016:Spaight Sr.
2856:Frank Rouse
2839:Jim Gardner
2344:(1): 3–10.
2308:Works cited
2159:Luebke 2000
1946:Landis 1990
1724:Fergus 2009
1712:Lowery 2018
1601:Dennis 1975
1503:Cheney 1973
1130:Cheney 1973
963:Pat McCrory
879:Gerald Ford
843:(pictured).
841:Jesse Helms
661:Jesse Helms
632:Roger Ailes
616:class sizes
601:Jim Gardner
562:'s plan to
546:Republican
521:Holshouser
495:section of
436:Jesse Helms
227:Preceded by
178:Preceded by
149:Frank Rouse
138:Jim Gardner
133:Preceded by
90:Preceded by
3563:Categories
3523:J. Gardner
3503:Taylor Jr.
3478:Taylor Sr.
3473:Ballentine
3369:Lieutenant
3316:Holshouser
3266:Ehringhaus
2872:Republican
2851:1966–1972
2816:1969–1973
2790:1963–1967
2064:Fleer 1994
2021:Eamon 2014
2009:Eamon 2014
1982:Eamon 2014
1934:Eamon 2014
1922:Eamon 2014
1895:Eamon 2014
1868:Eamon 2014
1841:Eamon 2014
1787:Fleer 1994
1649:Fleer 1994
1637:Fleer 1994
1535:Eamon 2014
1518:Eamon 2014
1446:Eamon 2014
1434:Eamon 2014
1142:Fleer 2007
1082:Fleer 2007
1008:References
923:Laurinburg
903:Cessna 172
893:Later life
771:to become
657:Wilmington
450:Early life
411:Democratic
394:. Born in
388:Republican
300:Republican
265:1934-10-08
81:Lieutenant
3488:Barnhardt
3371:governors
3276:Broughton
3041:Alexander
3011:A. Martin
2996:A. Martin
2974:Governors
2959:Governors
2411:892811255
2253:459714951
2109:Hood 2015
2033:Link 2008
1970:Link 2008
1910:Link 2008
1880:Bass 1995
1691:The Pilot
1580:Our State
1554:Bass 1995
974:Pinehurst
859:Phil Kirk
753:Soul City
733:Ombudsman
686:patronage
645:Charlotte
640:coattails
599:he faced
466:and as a
419:patronage
350:Education
221:1963–1967
217:In office
172:1969–1973
168:In office
127:1966–1971
123:In office
72:In office
3548:Robinson
3493:Philpott
3453:Fountain
3413:Reynolds
3408:Doughton
3393:Robinson
3378:Caldwell
3251:Morrison
3181:Caldwell
3121:Morehead
3076:Franklin
3046:Williams
3031:Williams
3006:Johnston
2920:Jim Hunt
2249:ProQuest
996:and the
927:dialysis
813:Jim Hunt
801:partisan
795:With no
745:Old Main
583:Election
428:Jim Hunt
342:Children
107:Jim Hunt
84:Jim Hunt
3428:Newland
3423:Winston
3398:Stedman
3383:Brogden
3346:McCrory
3301:Sanford
3291:Umstead
3246:Bickett
3236:Kitchin
3221:Russell
3186:Brogden
3141:Winslow
3091:Iredell
3061:Hawkins
3001:Caswell
2981:Caswell
2350:4354799
2271:May 14,
2209:May 10,
2203:WRAL-TV
2182:May 14,
2144:May 10,
2094:May 10,
1476:May 10,
1379:May 10,
1182:May 10,
1112:May 10,
1044:NCPedia
909:of the
823:to the
741:cabinet
704:to the
653:Raleigh
597:primary
336:
320:
316:
3543:Forest
3538:Dalton
3533:Perdue
3528:Wicker
3518:Jordan
3483:Hodges
3468:Harris
3463:Horton
3458:Graham
3443:Cooper
3418:Turner
3388:Jarvis
3351:Cooper
3341:Perdue
3336:Easley
3296:Hodges
3281:Cherry
3256:McLean
3226:Aycock
3201:Scales
3196:Jarvis
3176:Holden
3166:Holden
3126:Graham
3116:Dudley
3101:Stokes
3086:Burton
3081:Holmes
3071:Branch
3066:Miller
3036:Turner
2720:
2699:
2678:
2657:
2636:
2597:
2576:
2555:
2534:
2506:
2468:
2447:
2426:
2409:
2388:
2367:
2348:
2325:
2251:
2084:UNC-TV
1697:May 8,
1586:May 9,
1466:UNC-TV
1369:UNC-TV
1172:UNC-TV
1102:UNC-TV
655:, and
609:runoff
326:
306:Spouse
291:, U.S.
274:, U.S.
3513:Green
3306:Moore
3241:Craig
3231:Glenn
3206:Fowle
3191:Vance
3171:Worth
3161:Vance
3156:Clark
3151:Ellis
3146:Bragg
3131:Manly
3106:Swain
3056:Smith
3051:Stone
3026:Davie
2991:Burke
2784:from
2750:from
2613:(PDF)
2346:JSTOR
523:circa
334:)
322:(
318:
207:from
62:68th
3508:Hunt
3448:Long
3403:Holt
3331:Hunt
3321:Hunt
3271:Hoey
3216:Carr
3211:Holt
3136:Reid
3096:Owen
3021:Ashe
2986:Nash
2961:and
2881:1972
2718:ISBN
2697:ISBN
2676:ISBN
2655:ISBN
2634:ISBN
2595:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2553:ISBN
2532:ISBN
2504:ISBN
2466:ISBN
2445:ISBN
2424:ISBN
2407:OCLC
2386:ISBN
2365:ISBN
2323:ISBN
2273:2022
2211:2022
2184:2022
2146:2022
2096:2022
1699:2022
1588:2022
1478:2022
1381:2022
1184:2022
1114:2022
1052:2020
797:veto
525:1963
424:veto
392:1896
332:2006
328:1961
279:Died
255:Born
2965:of
965:'s
921:in
444:UNC
367:LLB
3565::
2754:,
2747:,
2744:,
2741:,
2621:10
2619:.
2615:.
2514:-
2502:.
2498:.
2483:.
2342:16
2340:.
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2175:.
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2082:.
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2049:.
2001:^
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1779:^
1757:.
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1689:.
1668:^
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1561:^
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1525:^
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1367:.
1350:^
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2512:.
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2246:.
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369:)
365:(
360:)
356:(
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263:(
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20:)
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