684:, on behalf of the foundation's unanimous board with the "demand that the Smithsonian restore the work ... to the exhibition or the foundation would reject any future grant requests". Wachs' letter said in part, "For the arts to flourish, the arts must be free, and the decision to censor this important work is in stark opposition to our mission to defend freedom of expression wherever and whenever it is under attack." There were no signs of reinstatement of the Wojnarowicz piece by the NPG.
692:"Wachs defied easy categorization on the council, emerging as a populist who railed against what he saw as insider dealing in City Hall and misuse of taxpayer funds. He also was a staunch advocate for the arts and for civil rights." He was known as a "moderate to liberal Republican" but reregistered as an independent before running for mayor in 1993. He backed efforts that resulted in public financing of city elections and creation of an ethics commission.
448:
665:. Wachs's salary at the charity is over $ 350,000 per year, which does not include generous expenses and a pension plan of approximately 20%. Although this is nearly four times the average salary for such a position, some have argued that the Warhol Foundation is unusually complex as well as being more influential than most similar organizations.
914:
605:
Wachs was appointed vice chairman of a new
National Task Force on the Arts, whose goal, he said, was "to put the arts and culture on the agenda of every city government as a mainstream economic and social concern". He said he spent one-third of his annual $ 43,923 salary (in 1981) on works of art for
438:
After completing his education, Wachs was an attorney with the Los
Angeles firm of Gray, Binkley & Pfaelzer (later became Kadison, Pfaelzer, Woodard & Quinn) and practiced law for five years. He told a reporter in 1991, "I didn't love practicing tax law ... the result of my efforts was
538:
as a partner, put up Wachs as a candidate instead. Wachs was elected to a two-year term in an 8–7 vote, with Wachs breaking a pledge to
Russell to vote for her and casting a vote for himself instead. He later described the turn of events as akin to a "Hollywood movie" and, inasmuch as Mayor
889:
that lifted some of the onerous provisions that would have worked to the financial disadvantage of the city. In return for the concessions, he agreed to exempt the arena from a ballot measure he was preparing to require voter approval for any subsidized sports stadiums.
358:
moderator of a public affairs television show, "Are you a gay man?" Wachs responded: "I am and I'm very proud of what I've done for the community, and I'm also very proud of the fact that what I've done for the community is what I've done for all communities."
930:, he distributed a mock ordinance that would supposedly have taxed all male residents on the size of their genitals. Occasionally he exclaimed "This is fun!" in the middle of a committee meeting. His colleagues described him as "a human guy, a lot of heart".
33:
509:
in the far northeast San
Fernando Valley. He was nevertheless easily reelected in April 1987 in the realigned, more conservative district, despite the opposition of the Los Angeles Apartment Owners Association, which attacked him because of his fight for
724:
in
November 1971, choosing the first members himself from a range of backgrounds. He launched numerous studies of such councils in other cities and produced a booklet to help guide the new representative community groups in Los Angeles.
1808:
Braun, Stephen (July 14, 1991). "Working to Earn the Trust of Gates Pays
Dividend Wachs: Although the councilman does not share the chief's political views, he has managed to form a close relationship with him".
640:
as a sign that fell under its jurisdiction. It later reversed itself and Wachs specifically compared the commission's initial decision to the prosecution of a
Cincinnati museum over a show by photographer
793:
Wachs successfully advocated for an ordinance change that would allow artists to live and work in commercially zoned districts. He also worked to create a city
Cultural Affairs Department.
383:
room, in a fur coat, to help him breathe". They moved to Los
Angeles when Wachs was ten, where his family became wealthy with a chain of inexpensive ladies' clothing stores. He grew up in
1278:
Boyarsky, Bill (May 26, 1971). "Wachs
Captures Seat From Potter: Incumbents Hold Posts on Major Education Boards; Turnout Heavy Wachs Wins Council Seat From Potter in 2nd District Race".
933:
In recognition of Wachs' involvement in promoting the arts, the City Council in 2002 named the intersection of Grand Avenue and Second Street as "Joel Wachs Square". It lies between the
845:. Wachs and Gates forged a bond of trust, it was said, when the councilman leaped to the chief's defense after the city Police Commission briefly removed Gates in the wake of the riots.
371:, the son of Hannah (Stahler) and Archie Wachs, a teacher. His father was a Jewish immigrant from Poland who ran a grocery and butcher shop. The younger of two sons, Joel "suffered from
1644:
Parachini, Allan (May 2, 1990). "Panel Does a Double Take, Decides Kruger Work Is Art Ruling: Building and Safety Commission reverses itself, unanimously declares mural is not a sign".
2013:
2008:
2003:
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to set aside 1% of the value of all projects over $ 500,000 for cultural and artistic projects—either spending the money on their own, or depositing it with the city for such use.
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563:
Wachs thrice ran for mayor of Los Angeles. In 1973, as a relatively unknown new city council member, he finished a distant fifth in a crowded primary in an election in which
495:. The vote was 24,704 for Wachs and 14,898 for Potter. His victory was attributed in part to his opposing a multimillion-dollar development in the mountains just north of
1988:
2053:
1667:
Harrison Sheppard (March 31, 2001). "Wachs Will Quit Council; Longest-Serving Member Leaving City Post To Head Andy Warhol Foundation". The Daily News of Los Angeles.
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In 1971, he proposed a ban on oil drilling on the city's coastline one-half mile inland from the shore "for both esthetic and geographical safety reasons".
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1983:
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ordinance in the U.S.," prohibiting job and housing discrimination based on sexual orientation. His measure outlawing employment discrimination against
505:
In 1986, a redistricting move stripped Wachs of more than 90% of his old district, and put him into a new one that ran from his home in Studio City to
673:
47:
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was soon to become a candidate for governor, he had plenty of opportunity to act as mayor when Bradley was out of town. He served for two years.
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himself. In an interview, he told a reporter in 1981 that when the time came to leave the council, he could be happy practicing law, "being a
403:
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for 30 years, where he was known for his promotion of the arts, support of gay causes, advocacy of rent control and other economic measures.
265:
1736:
Baker, Erwin (August 14, 1981). "Wachs Proposes Trash Separation: Plan Would Require Recyclables to Have Own Containers TRASH: Separation".
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to be a part of a seven-member panel that tried to determine what to do with a 12-foot-high, 112-foot-long outdoor steel sculpture by
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399:
2018:
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Simon, Richard (April 7, 1983). "Wachs Heavy Favorite in 6-Way City Council Race: 2nd District Challengers Have Scant Funds, Hope".
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1993:
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1998:
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from July 1, 1971, to September 28, 2001, when his resignation took effect. His 30 years on the council were surpassed only by
1045:
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to resign his post in June 1992 and retire "in an orderly fashion" after a crisis occasioned by the March 1991 beating of
773:
was passed unanimously by the City Council, despite the fact that his mail on the subject was running heavily against it.
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but was equally active when the city's Building and Safety Commission at first attempted to classify a proposed work by
506:
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After ten years on the City Council, two of them as president pro-tem, Wachs was suddenly and unexpectedly elected
1576:
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496:
1785:
Smith, Doug (April 12, 1985). "Councilman Seeks Havens From Leash Law Wachs Proposes Dog Runs in Public Parks".
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137:
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1549:
1353:
Bryant, Pat (October 17, 1971). "Wachs 'Working Hard, Enjoying It': Wachs Says His Work Hard but Enjoyable".
1226:
1935:"Benny Safdie Talks With Joel Wachs, Whom He Plays In 'Licorice Pizza,' About Life in the Closet in '70s LA"
1934:
1855:"Sports Arena Is a Winner for City and Taxpayers; Lessons of the deal include openness from the beginning".
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Wachs emerged as the sole City Council member who helped broker an agreement that enabled Police Chief
1978:
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He was a supporter of levying a city income tax in order to relieve property owners of a tax burden.
676:. The foundation had supported the exhibition with a $ 100,000 grant. Wachs wrote to the head of the
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Wachs went to Sacramento in January 1984 to unsuccessfully argue with state prison authorities that
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113:
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Foundation for the Visual Arts. His last day on the City Council was September 28 of that year.
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from regular trash before collection to cope with the city's "growing refuse-disposal crisis".
994:
669:
372:
335:; born March 1, 1939) is an American former politician and lawyer. He is the president of the
1165:
Clayton, Janet (July 4, 1981). "Council's New President Might Have Been Song and Dance Man".
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269:
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535:
464:
207:
955:
886:
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594:
388:
351:
287:
1602:
IANCO-STARRELS, JOSINE (August 21, 1977). "ART NEWS: Wachs Named to Arts Task Force".
350:
man until he was preparing to run for mayor in 1999 at the age of 60. He was asked by
1972:
907:
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841:—as well as the issuance of a final, critical report of the police department by the
801:
Wachs cast the only vote against a city ordinance prohibiting minors from purchasing
654:
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586:
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380:
172:
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Beth Shuster and Patrick McGreevy, "In TV Interview, Wachs Reveals That He Is Gay,"
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70:
1713:
Clayton, Janet (August 20, 1985). "Wachs Says AIDS Law Criticism Is Cooling Off".
898:
Wachs was an advocate for slow-growth development and was one of the cowriters of
805:, saying in 1983 he did not think police officers should spend their time raiding
607:
926:
Wachs was known for his boisterous personality. When he was newly elected to the
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82:
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32:
1910:"Benny Safdie to Play Gay Politician in Paul Thomas Anderson's New '70s Movie"
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He proposed an eventually successful idea for the city to provide a number of
806:
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finding ways to save rich people money. And I didn't find that satisfying."
1330:
Bill Boyarsky, "The Dirty Politics That Saved the Santa Monica Mountains,"
610:
in a nice restaurant," or "heading an arts foundation". In 1987 he flew to
551:
Wachs resigned from the City Council 2001 to accept the presidency of the
1964:
Joel Wachs papers, William H. Hannon Library, Loyola Marymount University
1679:"Warhol Foundation Threatens to End Financing of Smithsonian Exhibitions"
575:
407:
1046:""Joel Wachs to Leave City Council in October to Head Arts Foundation,"
668:
In 2010, Wachs—in his Warhol Foundation role—protested the removal of a
479:
In May 1971, Wachs, "a young political newcomer," "overwhelmed" veteran
1402:
Baker, Erwin (July 2, 1981). "Council Coup Elects Wachs as President".
1197:
David Watson, "Spotlight on...Los Angeles City Councilman Joel Wachs,"
661:
Foundation for the Visual Arts. Wachs is nominally the chairman of the
376:
753:
in an effort to keep housing affordable for the elderly and the poor.
885:
Wachs was credited with forging a 1997 deal with the developers of a
874:
821:, where Los Angeles' nearly 200,000 licensed dogs could run free.
446:
1685:
Arts Beat blog, December 13, 2010, 3:18 pm. Retrieved 2101-12-21.
1227:"School, College Board Edge Given Conservatives; Wachs Is Winner"
1696:"LOS ANGELES COUNCIL VOTES TO BAR BIAS AGAINST PEOPLE WITH AIDS"
1577:"Wachs' 3rd Campaign for Mayor Fades Into 4th-Place Frustration"
913:
963:. In the film, Wachs's first mayoral campaign is a plot point.
1452:
Patrick McGreevy, "City Council Gives Wachs a Big Send-Off,"
1021:"PUBLIC LIVES; An Art-Loving Politician Comes Home to Warhol"
622:," which had drawn complaints and was eventually demolished.
1201:
March 4, 1991, in Los Angeles Public Library reference file
632:
Wachs was active in strengthening Los Angeles' ordinance on
1550:"Joel Wachs: Journey From Brash Novice to Savvy Contender"
1469:"Citizens Group Urges Joel Wachs to Run for Mayor in 1973"
315:
1131:"Hannah Stahler Wachs Obituary (2002) Los Angeles Times"
530:
decided to drop out of the contest against Councilwoman
1082:
Shuster, Beth; McGreevy, Patrick (November 13, 1999).
653:
In 2001, Wachs resigned his council seat and moved to
877:
after serving five years in prison for the killings.
502:
At 33, he became the City Council's youngest member.
331:
321:
318:
312:
567:
eventually won his first term as Los Angeles mayor.
406:, where the "gregarious" Wachs was president of his
309:
261:
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217:
201:
189:
166:
154:
131:
119:
107:
88:
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64:
46:
23:
1521:Clifford, Frank; Simon, Richard (April 21, 1993).
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
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1038:
1036:
1034:
781:In 1981, Wachs called for mandatory separation of
1891:"Council Agrees to Name Intersection After Wachs"
1221:
1219:
585:and finished fourth with 11% of the vote, behind
625:He was the author of an ordinance that requires
514:. Wachs was reelected in every vote thereafter.
1878:"Wachs Makes Transition From Chic to Down-Home"
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1084:"In TV Interview, Wachs Reveals That He Is Gay"
704:in Los Angeles. He organized the first ones—in
398:He attended Horace Mann Junior High School and
2014:Candidates in the 2001 United States elections
2009:Candidates in the 1993 United States elections
2004:Candidates in the 1973 United States elections
700:Wachs is sometimes cited as the originator of
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975:links may require the use of a library card.
8:
2064:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
1107:
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1832:"Wachs in Capital to Seek White Transfer".
765:sponsored what Wachs called "the strongest
2049:Presidents of the Los Angeles City Council
672:piece from the "Hide/Seek" exhibit at the
379:season, his parents sat him in the shop's
337:Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts
31:
20:
1212:Los Angeles Public Library reference file
339:in New York City. He was a member of the
48:President of the Los Angeles City Council
1989:American people of Polish-Jewish descent
1625:McGill, Douglas C. (December 18, 1987).
1427:"Council Coup Elects Wachs as President"
912:
2054:Politicians from Scranton, Pennsylvania
1253:"Potter Calls Wachs, Tells of Problems"
979:
103:July 1, 1971 – October 1, 2001
1257:The Valley News (Van Nuys, California)
1231:The Valley News (Van Nuys, California)
657:in order to serve as president of the
422:and a Master of Laws in taxation from
1496:"Bradley, Yorty in Runoff; Unruh 3rd"
1377:"Council: Russell Forced into Runoff"
526:in July 1981 when outgoing President
404:University of California, Los Angeles
266:University of California, Los Angeles
185:July 1, 1977 – June 30, 1981
150:July 1, 1995 – June 30, 1999
60:July 1, 1981 – June 30, 1983
7:
2059:People from Studio City, Los Angeles
1467:Scott, Durwood (November 30, 1972).
663:Andy Warhol Art Authentication Board
387:, between 79th and 83rd streets and
375:so severe that at the height of the
367:Wachs was born on March 1, 1939, in
485:Los Angeles City Council District 2
426:. When in Los Angeles, he lived in
2029:American LGBT city council members
1880:Los Angeles Times. March 25, 1987.
1473:Valley News (Van Nuys, California)
1308:"WACHS: Right Place, Right Time".
1019:Wadler, Joyce (October 17, 2001).
570:In 1993, he finished third behind
524:Los Angeles City Council president
14:
2074:21st-century American LGBT people
2069:20th-century American LGBT people
1984:20th-century American politicians
1908:Sneider, Jeff (August 31, 2020).
990:Chronicle: The Human Side of AIDS
487:, which included portions of the
1836:. January 18, 1984. p. c1.
1548:Rainey, James (March 13, 2001).
1494:Boyarsky, Bill (April 4, 1973).
1383:. April 15, 1987. pp. 1, 24
1312:. January 31, 1982. p. b1.
987:Greenly, Mike (March 25, 1986).
305:
1859:. October 10, 1997. p. 8.
1233:. May 27, 1971. pp. 1, 26
749:He was a decided advocate for
16:American lawyer and politician
1:
2039:LGBT people from Pennsylvania
1523:"Riordan to Face Woo in June"
1425:Baker, Erwin (July 2, 1981).
1048:Metropolitan News-Enterprise,
680:(NPG's parent organization),
2034:LGBT people from California
1591:– via Newspapers.com.
1575:Fox, Sue (April 12, 2001).
1564:– via Newspapers.com.
1537:– via Newspapers.com.
1510:– via Newspapers.com.
1483:– via Newspapers.com.
1441:– via Newspapers.com.
1391:– via Newspapers.com.
1267:– via Newspapers.com.
1241:– via Newspapers.com.
1098:– via Newspapers.com.
1071:November 12, 1999, page B-1
720:and the hill area south of
2090:
1259:. May 27, 1971. p. 26
935:Museum of Contemporary Art
861:who had killed gay leader
346:The unmarried Wachs was a
2024:Harvard Law School alumni
1199:Civic Center News Source,
1003:– via Google Books.
869:, should be moved out of
674:National Portrait Gallery
634:outdoor advertising signs
294:
213:
178:
143:
96:
53:
42:
30:
2019:American gay politicians
939:Walt Disney Concert Hall
928:Los Angeles City Council
917:Sketch of Wachs in 1998.
859:San Francisco supervisor
457:Los Angeles City Council
443:Los Angeles City Council
418:. He earned a degree at
363:Early life and education
341:Los Angeles City Council
138:Los Angeles City Council
91:Los Angeles City Council
1994:California Independents
894:Slow-growth development
761:Wachs and Councilwoman
678:Smithsonian Institution
601:Involvement in the arts
534:and, with Councilwoman
1999:California Republicans
1050:May 31, 2001, page 11"
971:Access to some of the
949:Wachs is portrayed by
918:
843:Christopher Commission
649:Andy Warhol Foundation
489:Santa Monica Mountains
452:
400:Washington High School
369:Scranton, Pennsylvania
239:Scranton, Pennsylvania
916:
887:downtown sports arena
702:neighborhood councils
696:Neighborhood councils
627:commercial developers
450:
133:President Pro Tempore
1897:. February 27, 2002.
873:, where he had been
783:recyclable materials
591:Antonio Villaraigosa
481:James B. Potter, Jr.
455:Wachs served on the
414:classes, and of the
1941:. December 27, 2021
961:San Fernando Valley
839:the resulting riots
688:Political positions
643:Robert Mapplethorpe
559:Mayoral candidacies
493:San Fernando Valley
424:New York University
284:New York University
114:James B. Potter Jr.
1702:. August 15, 1985.
1700:The New York Times
1683:The New York Times
1631:The New York Times
1556:. pp. A1, A20
1529:. pp. A1, A17
1456:September 29, 2001
1454:Los Angeles Times,
1069:Los Angeles Times,
1025:The New York Times
919:
871:Los Angeles County
803:drug paraphernalia
453:
420:Harvard Law School
402:, followed by the
275:Harvard University
1895:Los Angeles Times
1857:Los Angeles Times
1834:Los Angeles Times
1811:Los Angeles Times
1787:Los Angeles Times
1764:Los Angeles Times
1738:Los Angeles Times
1715:Los Angeles Times
1646:Los Angeles Times
1604:Los Angeles Times
1583:. pp. B1, B5
1581:Los Angeles Times
1554:Los Angeles Times
1527:Los Angeles Times
1500:Los Angeles Times
1431:Los Angeles Times
1404:Los Angeles Times
1381:Los Angeles Times
1357:. p. sf_c1.
1355:Los Angeles Times
1310:Los Angeles Times
1280:Los Angeles Times
1167:Los Angeles Times
1119:. April 11, 1993.
1117:Los Angeles Times
1090:. pp. B1, B5
1088:Los Angeles Times
1056:on April 6, 2012.
973:Los Angeles Times
670:David Wojnarowicz
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1052:. Archived from
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945:In popular media
722:Mulholland Drive
581:He ran again in
467:'s 32 years and
393:Normandie Avenue
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1606:. p. n80.
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659:Andy Warhol
565:Tom Bradley
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547:Resignation
541:Tom Bradley
532:Pat Russell
428:Studio City
255:Independent
191:Preceded by
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83:Pat Russell
66:Preceded by
1973:Categories
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1136:Legacy.com
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967:References
865:and Mayor
807:head shops
767:gay rights
757:Gay rights
737:Income tax
620:Tilted Arc
518:Presidency
356:openly gay
301:Joel Wachs
250:Republican
229:1939-03-01
25:Joel Wachs
1945:March 14,
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855:Dan White
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797:Drug gear
777:Recycling
608:maitre d'
475:Elections
373:hay fever
262:Education
181:In office
146:In office
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56:In office
1914:Collider
1861:ProQuest
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