405:. He clarified the foundations of the subjects he studied, especially of circular dichroism and the energetics of protein folding. In 1962 John and his student Patrick Oriel found that the n-pi* transition of the peptide group is responsible for the Cotton effect that is used to measure α-helix formation in ORD studies. (In CD studies, the n-pi* transition is responsible for the 220 nm CD band that is used to measure α-helix content.) ...In the 1970s the study of protein mutants became an important approach to the protein folding problem and John and his coworkers developed methods of analyzing the properties of mutant proteins. John's methods were widely used, both in equilibrium studies of mutational effects on protein stability and in kinetic studies of how mutations affect the rates of protein folding.
374:, and they married in 1954. (She developed the "Schellman motif", on α-helix termination in proteins by a characteristic sequence.) According to Baldwin and von Hippel, "Their ORD results were published in a magnum opus (seven papers on ten proteins) in 1958, after they had left the Carlsberg Lab."
358:
in water?" and "concluded from his study that a single α-helix should have borderline stability in water, and that helix length should be a critical variable in determining helix stability". Third, with
Harrington he investigated how a neighboring tertiary structure might affect the stability of an
429:
Colleague Henryk
Eisenberg wrote that Schellman's studies were strong "in the examination of biological macromolecules, proteins and nucleic acids, in terms of their interactions with large and small molecules, solvents and solutes, sometimes in 'crowded' environments, mimicking biological media."
417:
upon
Schellman's retirement in 2002, Hong Qian, James Hofrichter, and Robert L. Baldwin wrote that his scientific career hasd "paralleled the development of biophysical chemistry." Referring to his "landmark paper on the stability of the α-helix in 1955", as well as his research and teaching, they
430:
Eisenberg said
Shellman's contributions included, "fluctuations and linkage relations in macromolecular solutions w25x, a simple model for solvation in mixed solvents w26x, the relation between the free energy of interaction and binding w27x and the thermodynamics of solvent exchange w28x."
38:
329:
and co-workers determined the structure of the first protein (sperm whale myoglobin) at 0.6 nm resolution, could α-helices begin to be seen. So John's paper was on the cutting edge, to put it mildly. His was also the first modern paper on the energetics of
426:(yes, including physics, mathematics and spectroscopy!) into the center stage of biochemistry and molecular biology. An essential characteristic of John's work is the integration of theoretical analysis with experimental measurement."
1001:
For the application of rigorous physical theory and the development of novel experimental techniques to increase our understanding of the structure and behavior of biological macromolecules, especially proteins and nucleic
390:, where he held joint appointments as an associate professor in the departments of Chemistry and the Institute of Molecular Biology, and she was an adjunct professor. He was promoted to professor in 1963, and he retired as
294:. He and post-doc Bill Harrington were the first to show "protein unfolding transitions were fast and reversible and thus were reactions suitable for quantitative physico-chemical analysis", initiating reversible
359:α-helix, learning "that indeed tertiary structure and other stabilizing elements (such as inter-chain S-S bonds) might be critical in stabilizing the individual secondary structure elements of
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in taverns for extra cash. Schellman especially enjoyed high school chemistry, and reportedly came close to burning down the house when a basement experiment caught fire.
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The son of John A. and
Margaret Mary (née Mason) Schellman, John Anthony Schellman was born in Philadelphia on October 24, 1924. His father, a
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271:
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Schellman, C. and J. A. Schellman. 1958. VII. Optical rotation and protein configuration. C. R.trav. lab. Carlsberg Ser. Chim. 30:463-500.
928:"Evidence for the instability of hydrogen-bonded peptide structures in water, based on studies of ribonuclease and oxidized ribonuclease.
338:'s landmark paper on the energetic importance of burying non-polar side chains in the interior of proteins appeared 4 years later in 1959.
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282:. Although he did not find that work interesting, he was still interested in proteins, and transferred his postdoctoral fellowship to
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1016:
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had proposed that the α-helix should be a major structural unit in proteins, but no one had yet seen an α-helix. Only in 1958, when
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After high school, his family's limited finances did not allow him to attend college. Schellman worked in a factory, then in the
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Schellman's ensuing research led to three important developments. First, he "derived an equation to analyze how the number of
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401:...John dug deeper into the problems he had opened up at the Carlsberg Lab and began to analyze the physical properties of
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molecules in water should change when a concentrated urea solution is diluted", yielding measurements suggesting "the
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In 1955 John
Schellman wrote a paper estimating the stability of the α-helix in aqueous solution. Four years earlier
218:, because of poor eyesight he was deemed unfit for combat, and he was assigned to the Army's medical laboratory at
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237:, in just two years, in 1948. He earned an M.A. in 1949 and a Ph.D. in Theoretical Chemistry in 1951, both at
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1436:"Focal contributions to molecular biophysics and structural biology: a personal view. Part II"
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Directory of
Graduate Research, American Chemical Society Committee on Professional Training
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442:"Protein Stability in Mixed Solvents: A Balance of Contact Interaction and Excluded Volume"
1396:"Biophysical chemistry of proteins and nucleic acids: a festschrift for John A. Schellman"
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H-bond should be marginally stable in water". Second, he asked, "How stable is a single
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laboratory, a lab doing applied research. He also took a chemistry class after work at
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1986 Chalmers 150th
Anniversary Professorship, Chalmers University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chakrabartty, Avijit; Schellman, John A.; Baldwin, Robert L. (June 1991).
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Of
Schellman's work at Oregon, Robert Baldwin and Peter von Hippel wrote,
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In 1956 Schellman joined the faculty of the
Chemistry Department of the
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Qian, Hong; Hofrichter, James; Baldwin, Robert L (December 10, 2002).
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131:
503:"Large differences in the helix propensities of alanine and glycine"
195:, lost his position when the shop where he worked closed during the
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347:
1288:. Special issue in honour of John A Schellman. 101–102: 9–13.
402:
1057:"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S., Marriage Index, 1885-1951"
750:"DNA condensation with polyamines: I. Spectroscopic studies"
707:"DNA condensation with polyamines: I. Spectroscopic studies"
366:
In Copenhagen Schellman met Frances "Charlotte" Green, of
791:
Gosule, Leonard C.; Schellman, John A. (January 1976).
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Gosule, Leonard C.; Schellman, John A. (May 25, 1978).
705:
Gosule, Leonard C.; Schellman, John A. (May 25, 1978).
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Becktel, Wayne J.; Schellman, John A. (November 1987).
163:(October 24, 1924–December 16, 2014) was an American
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Comptes Rendus des Travaux du Laboratoire Carlsberg.
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asa major field of work. Schellman also developed "
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222:in Washington. He became head of the laboratory.
1254:"The Theory of the Dielectric Properties of Ice"
262:Schellman's first postdoctoral fellowship was a
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243:The Theory of the Dielectric Properties of Ice,
138:The Theory of the Dielectric Properties of Ice
274:, working to improve chemical and biological
8:
613:"Selective binding and solvent denaturation"
793:"Compact form of DNA induced by spermidine"
225:After his army service, Schellman used his
926:Schellman, J.A.; Harrington, W.F. (1956).
418:commented on his work in the tradition of
36:
20:
1325:"U.S., Obituary Collection, 1930-Current"
1144:Baldwin, Robert L.; von Hippel, Peter H.
895:"Circular dichroism and optical rotation"
481:
1525:Fellows of the American Physical Society
1281:"John Schellman and his scientific work"
16:American biophysical chemist (1924–2014)
1433:Eisenberg, Henryk (December 10, 2002).
1278:Baldwin, Robert L (December 10, 2002).
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386:. In 1958 the Schellmans moved to the
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1011:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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1242:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
1177:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
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123:M.A., 1949 and Ph.D., 1951, both at
1085:"1930 United States Federal Census"
893:Schellman, John A. (June 1, 1975).
440:Schellman, John A. (July 1, 2003).
1193:. American Chemical Society. 1974.
977:, Department of Chemical Physics,
310:secondary structures of proteins.
14:
1204:Di Cera, Enrico (April 1, 2015).
611:Schellman, John A. (April 1987).
272:University of Utah Medical School
229:benefits and completed an A.B at
1540:University of Minnesota faculty
1169:. 101–102: 1–5. December 2002.
967:1962–1967 BBC Study Section of
850:Schellman, John A. (May 1975).
662:Schellman, John A. (May 1978).
241:. His dissertation was titled,
1207:"John A. Schellman, 1924–2014"
1:
1449:10.1016/S0301-4622(02)00164-3
1409:10.1016/S0301-4622(02)00185-0
1375:10.1016/S0301-4622(02)00186-2
1294:10.1016/S0301-4622(02)00194-1
1175:10.1016/S0301-4622(02)00186-2
466:10.1016/S0006-3495(03)74459-2
1545:University of Oregon faculty
991:National Academy of Sciences
766:10.1016/0022-2836(78)90366-2
754:Journal of Molecular Biology
723:10.1016/0022-2836(78)90366-2
711:Journal of Molecular Biology
173:National Academy of Sciences
1530:Princeton University alumni
300:optical rotatory dispersion
1561:
1359:Shellman, John A. (2002).
868:10.1002/bip.1975.360140509
680:10.1002/bip.1978.360170515
562:"Protein stability curves"
370:, who was a post-doc from
270:, with Leo Samuels at the
264:U.S. Public Health Service
1224:10.1016/j.bpc.2014.12.004
1027:1990 Honorary Doctorate,
1015:1983 Honorary Doctorate,
997:American Physical Society
313:Robert L. Baldwin wrote,
181:American Physical Society
154:
105:
100:biological macromolecules
35:
1535:Temple University alumni
1146:"John Anthony Schellman"
852:"Macromolecular binding"
258:Post-doctoral fellowship
187:Early life and education
950:– via Europe PMC.
384:University of Minnesota
1520:American biophysicists
664:"Solvent denaturation"
407:
340:
208:Philadelphia Gas Works
161:John Anthony Schellman
96:optical spectroscopies
25:John Anthony Schellman
1441:Biophysical Chemistry
1401:Biophysical Chemistry
1377:– via Elsevier.
1367:Biophysical Chemistry
1286:Biophysical Chemistry
1212:Biophysical Chemistry
1167:Biophysical Chemistry
629:10.1002/bip.360260408
578:10.1002/bip.360261104
434:Selected publications
415:Biophysical Chemistry
413:issue of the journal
1479:"APS Fellow Archive"
989:1982 Elected to the
388:University of Oregon
368:St. Joseph, Missouri
292:Kaj Linderstrøm-Lang
284:Carlsberg Laboratory
239:Princeton University
220:Walter Reed Hospital
169:University of Oregon
125:Princeton University
1163:"John A. Schellman"
1036:Biophysical Society
1029:University of Padua
1017:Chalmers University
911:10.1021/cr60295a004
809:1976Natur.259..333G
519:1991Natur.351..586C
458:2003BpJ....85..108S
446:Biophysical Journal
288:Copenhagen, Denmark
245:and was advised by
177:Biophysical Society
165:biophysical chemist
110:Academic background
81:Biophysical chemist
1443:. 101–102: 15–27.
1362:"Curriculum vitae"
979:Weizmann Institute
424:physical chemistry
392:professor emeritus
302:(ORD)" to measure
171:, a member of the
29:Professor emeritus
975:Guggenheim Fellow
803:(5541): 333–335.
572:(11): 1859–1877.
513:(6327): 586–588.
378:Faculty positions
361:globular proteins
231:Temple University
214:. Drafted during
212:Temple University
158:
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120:Temple University
62:December 16, 2014
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899:Chemical Reviews
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817:10.1038/259333a0
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674:(5): 1305–1322.
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527:10.1038/351586a0
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420:Linderstrøm-Lang
280:steroid hormones
197:Great Depression
145:Doctoral advisor
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48:October 24, 1924
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983:Rehovot, Israel
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862:(5): 999–1018.
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332:protein folding
296:protein-folding
260:
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247:Walter Kauzmann
189:
179:Fellow, and an
149:Walter Kauzmann
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956:Awards, honors
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936:Serie Chimique
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88:Known for
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70:Eugene, Oregon
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1486:. Retrieved
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1062:ancestry.com
1061:
1050:
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963:Sloan Fellow
942:(3): 21–43.
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118:A.B., 1948,
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52:Philadelphia
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1515:2014 deaths
1510:1924 births
1483:www.aps.org
856:Biopolymers
668:Biopolymers
617:Biopolymers
566:Biopolymers
411:festschrift
266:award from
1504:Categories
1042:References
973:1969–1970
961:1959–1963
1457:0301-4622
1417:0301-4622
1302:0301-4622
1232:0301-4622
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227:G.I. Bill
193:machinist
115:Education
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1263:June 30,
1258:ProQuest
1240:25701399
1096:June 30,
1068:June 30,
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594:3689874
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515:Bibcode
483:1303070
454:Bibcode
356:α-helix
352:peptide
344:H-bonds
327:Kendrew
319:Pauling
308:β-sheet
304:α-helix
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253:Career
132:Thesis
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995:1983
880:S2CID
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692:S2CID
649:S2CID
598:S2CID
547:S2CID
323:Corey
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1453:ISSN
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1298:ISSN
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