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2027:, Hospers met Rand when she addressed the student body at Brooklyn College. They became friends, and had lengthy philosophical conversations. Rand's discussions with Hospers contributed to her decision to write non-fiction. Hospers read
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were the first presidential and vice-presidential nominees, respectively, of the newly formed
Libertarian Party. The Libertarian Party was poorly organized, and Hospers and Nathan managed to get on the ballot in only two states
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2061:(Hospers supported it, Rand was opposed). Rand broke with Hospers after he, in his position as moderator, critiqued her address, and she felt he had criticized her talk on "
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Hospers was editor of three anthologies, and contributed to books edited by others. He wrote more than 100 articles in various scholarly and popular journals.
1981:
Multiple sources, including the
Libertarian Party, have referred to Hospers as the first openly gay person to run for president of the United States. However,
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2141:. He adopted more conventionally conservative views in his later writings: in 1998, he wrote an article rejecting
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1887:(June 9, 1918 – June 12, 2011) was an American philosopher and political activist. Hospers was interested in
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2398:"The Intellectual Portrait Series: A Conversation with John Hospers | Online Library of Liberty"
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Radicals for
Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement
2664:
2004:
During the period he taught philosophy at
Brooklyn College, Hospers was very interested in
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In 2002, an hour-long video about
Hospers' life, work, and philosophy was released by the
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The first openly gay presidential nominee of any U.S political party was John
Hospers
2424:"In final tally, Libertarian gay couple outperforms top Republican in D.C. elections"
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in 1946. He conducted research, wrote, and taught in areas of philosophy, including
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19:"Hospers" redirects here. For the community in the midwestern United States, see
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1923:, the son of Dena Helena (Verhey) and John De Gelder Hospers. He graduated from
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2353:"Who Is John Hospers? First Libertarian Party Presidential Candidate (1972)"
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magazine. Additionally
Hospers wrote the article "Art and Morality" for the
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2016:, and devoted considerable attention to her ideas in his ethics textbook
2013:
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1959:, where for many years he was chairman of the philosophy department and
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2507:"John Hospers, first Libertarian presidential nominee, dies at 93"
2076:
1988:
obituary stated that his family “strenuously denied” he was gay.
2770:"RIP Tonie Nathan, the First Woman to Receive an Electoral Vote"
1991:
Hospers died in Los
Angeles on June 12, 2011, at the age of 93.
4133:
3852:
2942:
4479:
Candidates in the 1972 United States presidential election
2885:
1899:, Hospers became the first presidential candidate of the
4494:
Libertarian Party (United States) presidential nominees
2235:
Journal of
Comparative Literature and Aesthetics (JCLA)
4484:
Columbia
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
2184:
Libertarianism – A Political Philosophy for Tomorrow
4344:
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4003:
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2759:, Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
2133:By 1991, Hospers had left the Libertarians for the
195:
164:
154:
149:
119:
114:
87:
71:
49:
30:
4474:California State University, Los Angeles faculty
2145:immigration, and in a 2007 revision of his book
2065:" before the American Society of Aesthetics at
16:American philosopher and politician (1918–2011)
2532:Rand, Ayn (1995). Berliner, Michael S. (ed.).
2373:John Hospers: The Intellectual Portrait Series
3864:
2954:
2041:views, he disagreed with her about issues of
1865:
1351:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties
8:
2757:"1972 Presidential General Election Results"
658:Individualist anarchism in the United States
2451:"Gay Libertarian couple outpolls GOP in DC"
1891:, and was once a friend of the philosopher
4130:
3982:
3902:
3871:
3857:
3849:
3290:
2961:
2947:
2939:
2899:
1919:John Hospers was born on June 9, 1918, in
1907:candidate to receive an electoral vote in
1872:
1858:
226:
38:
27:
4529:University of Southern California faculty
2726:
2724:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2208:An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis
3885:1972 United States presidential election
2473:
2471:
2469:
2317:
2315:
2227:(1982–1992), and was a senior editor at
1943:and ethics. He taught philosophy at the
2311:
238:
1909:that year's U.S. presidential election
1895:, though she later broke with him. In
3795:Committee to Form a Libertarian Party
1935:in 1942 and a PhD in philosophy from
182:California State College, Los Angeles
7:
1953:California State College Los Angeles
1728:Libertarianism in the United Kingdom
2920:for President of the United States
2296:Libertarianism in the United States
2172:Introductory Readings in Aesthetics
4519:Philosophers from New York (state)
4419:20th-century American philosophers
2673:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism
2102:), receiving 3,674 popular votes.
1629:The Unconstitutionality of Slavery
1587:The Problem of Political Authority
1419:The Betrayal of the American Right
14:
4444:American male non-fiction writers
4424:20th-century American politicians
2571:: A Twentieth Anniversary Tribute
2422:Riley, John (November 23, 2018).
1957:University of Southern California
1658:Conservatism in the United States
1376:Students for a Democratic Society
1346:Foundation for Economic Education
638:Abolitionism in the United States
605:Title-transfer theory of contract
187:University of Southern California
3832:
2275:
2261:
2247:
2137:, where he helped establish the
2105:Hospers and Nathan received one
2023:According to Rand's biographer,
1839:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1538:The Mainspring of Human Progress
250:
4449:American political philosophers
2621:O'Grady, Jane (July 13, 2011).
2577:, Vol. VI, No. 6, October 1977.
2478:O'Grady, Jane (July 13, 2011).
2087:1972 U.S. presidential election
1693:Liberalism in the United States
1447:The Creature from Jekyll Island
510:Natural rights and legal rights
3759:Libertarian National Committee
2513:(press release). June 13, 2011
2237:, Vol. 1, No. 1, Summer 1978.
2210:(now in the 4th edition, 1996)
2204:(now in its 3rd edition, 1995)
1723:Libertarianism in South Africa
1552:The Myth of the Rational Voter
1:
2301:List of American philosophers
2166:Meaning and Truth in the Arts
82:Los Angeles, California, U.S.
4524:American philosophers of art
4509:Philosophers from California
1531:The Moon is a Harsh Mistress
440:Free-market environmentalism
2820:Contemporary Moral Problems
2734:Why Americans Hate Politics
2149:, he said he supported the
2081:Hospers campaigning in 1972
2073:1972 presidential candidacy
1718:Libertarianism in Hong Kong
1386:Young Americans for Liberty
1308:Libertarian science fiction
4560:
4544:Writers from New York City
4454:American political writers
4151:American Independent Party
2689:10.4135/9781412965811.n139
1927:in 1939 before earning an
1770:Sovereign citizen movement
1496:The Future and Its Enemies
1454:Defending the Undefendable
1426:The Case Against Education
1412:Anarchy, State, and Utopia
18:
4439:American magazine editors
4369:
4129:
3985:
3905:
3839:Libertarianism portal
3828:
2927:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2600:. pp. 323–324, 413.
2139:Republican Liberty Caucus
1834:Libertarianism portal
1750:Outline of libertarianism
1648:American militia movement
1573:New Libertarian Manifesto
221:
110:
37:
4459:Brooklyn College faculty
2903:Party political offices
2817:White, James E. (2005).
2665:"Hospers, John (1918– )"
2161:Hospers' books include:
2000:Friendship with Ayn Rand
1846:United States portal
1698:Libertarian conservatism
1601:Protection or Free Trade
1517:The Machinery of Freedom
1461:The Discovery of Freedom
515:Non-aggression principle
230:This article is part of
4534:Writers from California
4514:Philosophers from Idaho
4504:People from Pella, Iowa
4464:California Libertarians
4309:Socialist Workers Party
3604:1976 (Washington, D.C.)
2643:The Passion of Ayn Rand
2623:"John Hospers obituary"
2598:Doubleday & Company
2593:The Passion of Ayn Rand
2480:"John Hospers obituary"
2379:March 14, 2005, at the
2358:April 12, 2016, at the
1955:(1966–1968) and at the
1945:University of Minnesota
1822:Conservatism portal
1744:On Democracy in America
1608:Radicals for Capitalism
172:University of Minnesota
159:20th-century philosophy
4469:California Republicans
3946:Incumbent VP nominee:
2853:"John Hospers, R.I.P."
2362:, www.Johnhospers.com.
2217:Hospers was editor of
2190:Understanding the Arts
2082:
2053:, while she advocated
1708:Libertarian Republican
1545:The Market for Liberty
1524:Man, Economy and State
1503:The God of the Machine
1405:The Anarchist Cookbook
545:Private defense agency
505:Marriage privatization
460:Freedom of association
4499:Libertarian theorists
4429:American book editors
4288:Socialist Labor Party
3774:Libertarians for Life
3659:1993 (Salt Lake City)
2675:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
2459:. November 11, 2018.
2255:Libertarianism portal
2080:
2063:Art and Sense of Life
1810:Liberalism portal
1713:Libertarian socialism
1475:The Ethics of Liberty
1361:Liberty International
1245:Intellectual property
723:Supply-side economics
610:Voluntary association
126:Central College, Iowa
4374:Other 1972 elections
3634:1983 (New York City)
3609:1977 (San Francisco)
3599:1975 (New York City)
3562:District of Columbia
2796:. pp. 392–393.
2738:Simon & Schuster
2683:. pp. 228–229.
1931:in English from the
1765:Right-libertarianism
1703:Libertarian Democrat
1622:To Serve and Protect
1594:Progress and Poverty
1580:Our Enemy, the State
1440:Conceived in Liberty
1381:Students for Liberty
643:Classical liberalism
633:Age of Enlightenment
570:Rugged Individualism
555:Public choice theory
395:Civil libertarianism
243:in the United States
4324:Alternate nominee:
3931:Incumbent nominee:
3730:2021 chair election
3679:2002 (Indianapolis)
3649:1989 (Philadelphia)
3589:1973 (Strongsville)
2535:Letters of Ayn Rand
2402:oll.libertyfund.org
2327:"John Hospers, RIP"
2291:American philosophy
2178:Artistic Expression
2049:(with him favoring
1976:Classics of Liberty
1937:Columbia University
1903:, and was the only
1688:Left-libertarianism
1615:Seeing Like a State
701:Fiscal conservatism
696:Economic liberalism
560:Restorative justice
520:Non-interventionism
475:Homestead principle
465:Freedom of contract
139:Columbia University
115:Academic background
4434:American ethicists
4169:Thomas J. Anderson
3820:Libertarian pledge
3719:2018 (New Orleans)
3624:1980 (Los Angeles)
3619:1979 (Los Angeles)
2641:Branden, Barbara,
2575:Libertarian Review
2196:Law and the Market
2083:
2055:a libertarian view
1961:professor emeritus
1933:University of Iowa
1663:Dark Enlightenment
1433:Civil Disobedience
1341:Free State Project
1336:Federalist Society
1225:Capital punishment
565:Right to bear arms
495:Limited government
272:Anarcho-capitalism
130:University of Iowa
4539:Writers from Iowa
4396:
4395:
4365:
4364:
4267:Prohibition Party
4209:Libertarian Party
4125:
4124:
4044:Other candidates:
3972:
3971:
3956:Other candidates:
3846:
3845:
3810:Electoral history
3741:2024 (Washington)
3669:1998 (Washington)
3664:1996 (Washington)
3570:
3569:
2971:Libertarian Party
2937:
2936:
2928:Succeeded by
2864:on March 27, 2017
2851:(June 17, 2011).
2772:. March 21, 2014.
2511:Libertarian Party
2456:Libertarian Party
2325:(June 13, 2011).
2269:Philosophy portal
2008:. He appeared on
1974:, as part of its
1901:Libertarian Party
1882:
1881:
1653:Boogaloo movement
1482:For a New Liberty
1371:Reason Foundation
1356:Libertarian Party
1265:Political parties
653:Transcendentalism
615:Voluntary society
595:Stateless society
590:Spontaneous order
470:Freedom of speech
405:Counter-economics
400:Constitutionalism
225:
224:
4551:
4161:John G. Schmitz
4131:
4077:Henry M. Jackson
4047:Shirley Chisholm
3983:
3978:Democratic Party
3959:John M. Ashbrook
3903:
3898:Republican Party
3873:
3866:
3859:
3850:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3783:Related articles
3704:2012 (Las Vegas)
3699:2010 (St. Louis)
3291:
3284:Parties by state
2972:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2940:
2900:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2860:. Archived from
2845:
2839:
2838:
2825:Cengage Learning
2814:
2808:
2807:
2780:
2774:
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2740:, 1991. p. 269.
2728:
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2618:
2612:
2611:
2588:Branden, Barbara
2584:
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2250:
2221:(1968–1982) and
2135:Republican Party
1949:Brooklyn College
1874:
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1832:
1831:
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1820:
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1808:
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1298:Come and take it
1250:Internal debates
585:Small government
550:Private property
420:Economic freedom
410:Decentralization
390:Anti-imperialism
322:Market anarchism
297:Consequentialist
254:
244:
227:
177:Brooklyn College
78:
59:
57:
42:
28:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4392:
4361:
4340:
4303:
4282:
4261:
4232:
4203:
4180:Communist Party
4174:
4145:
4121:
4087:Eugene McCarthy
4072:Hubert Humphrey
4052:Walter Fauntroy
4035:Thomas Eagleton
4028:Sargent Shriver
4013:George McGovern
3999:
3968:
3919:
3892:
3877:
3847:
3842:
3833:
3831:
3824:
3778:
3751:
3745:
3709:2014 (Columbus)
3689:2006 (Portland)
3566:
3550:
3285:
3278:
3102:
3095:
3081:Bishop-Henchman
2980:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2933:
2922:
2886:JohnHospers.com
2882:
2877:
2867:
2865:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2835:
2827:. p. 321.
2816:
2815:
2811:
2804:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2755:
2751:
2729:
2722:
2699:
2659:
2658:
2649:
2645:. ibid. p. 324.
2640:
2636:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2566:Hospers, John.
2565:
2561:
2554:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2514:
2505:
2504:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2477:
2476:
2467:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2432:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2406:
2404:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2381:Wayback Machine
2370:
2366:
2360:Wayback Machine
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2321:
2320:
2313:
2309:
2283:Politics portal
2281:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2253:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2219:The Personalist
2159:
2131:
2075:
2025:Barbara Branden
2002:
1997:
1925:Central College
1917:
1878:
1840:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1816:
1814:
1802:
1795:
1794:
1643:
1635:
1634:
1399:
1391:
1390:
1366:Mises Institute
1326:
1318:
1317:
1293:
1285:
1284:
1280:Theories of law
1235:Foreign affairs
1215:
1207:
1206:
1137:
1129:
1128:
1059:
1051:
1050:
736:
728:
727:
691:Austrian School
686:
678:
677:
648:Anti-Federalism
628:
620:
619:
540:Polycentric law
385:
377:
376:
357:Propertarianism
262:
242:
240:
217:
191:
137:
128:
106:
88:Political party
83:
80:
76:
67:
61:
55:
53:
45:
44:Hospers in 1998
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4557:
4555:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
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4461:
4456:
4451:
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4441:
4436:
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4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
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4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4350:
4348:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4313:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4292:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4277:E. Harold Munn
4271:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4256:Julius Hobson
4251:
4248:Benjamin Spock
4242:
4240:
4238:People's Party
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4222:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4193:
4184:
4182:
4176:
4175:
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4164:
4155:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4134:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4112:George Wallace
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4057:Fred R. Harris
4054:
4049:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4007:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3964:Pete McCloskey
3961:
3952:
3951:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3853:
3844:
3843:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:Party factions
3797:
3792:
3790:Libertarianism
3786:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3769:Radical Caucus
3766:
3761:
3755:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3724:2020 (Orlando)
3721:
3716:
3714:2016 (Orlando)
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3684:2004 (Atlanta)
3681:
3676:
3674:2000 (Anaheim)
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3654:1991 (Chicago)
3651:
3646:
3644:1987 (Seattle)
3641:
3639:1985 (Phoenix)
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3580:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3496:South Carolina
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3461:North Carolina
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3288:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3264:
3252:
3240:
3228:
3216:
3204:
3192:
3180:
3168:
3156:
3144:
3132:
3120:
3107:
3105:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2931:Roger MacBride
2929:
2926:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2888:
2881:
2880:External links
2878:
2876:
2875:
2840:
2834:978-0534584306
2833:
2809:
2803:978-1586485726
2802:
2784:Doherty, Brian
2775:
2761:
2749:
2746:978-0671682552
2720:
2698:978-1412965804
2697:
2681:Cato Institute
2669:Hamowy, Ronald
2647:
2634:
2613:
2606:
2579:
2569:Atlas Shrugged
2559:
2552:
2524:
2498:
2465:
2442:
2414:
2389:
2364:
2345:
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2308:
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2212:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2158:
2155:
2147:Libertarianism
2130:
2127:
2115:Roger MacBride
2107:electoral vote
2089:, Hospers and
2074:
2071:
2030:Atlas Shrugged
2001:
1998:
1996:
1995:Libertarianism
1993:
1916:
1913:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1848:
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1812:
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1730:
1725:
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1695:
1690:
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1680:
1678:Koch (Charles)
1675:
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1633:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1559:No, They Can't
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1489:Free to Choose
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1400:
1397:
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1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1331:Cato Institute
1327:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
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1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
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1008:
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993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
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953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
737:
734:
733:
730:
729:
726:
725:
720:
715:
708:
703:
698:
693:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
676:
675:
673:Freedom School
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:
618:
617:
612:
607:
602:
600:Tax resistance
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
575:Self-ownership
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
445:Free migration
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
386:
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
332:Natural-rights
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
287:Bleeding-heart
284:
279:
274:
269:
263:
260:
259:
256:
255:
247:
246:
241:Libertarianism
236:
235:
223:
222:
219:
218:
216:
215:
210:
205:
199:
197:
196:Main interests
193:
192:
190:
189:
184:
179:
174:
168:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
147:
146:
123:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
107:
105:
104:
98:
91:
89:
85:
84:
81:
79:(aged 93)
73:
69:
68:
62:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4556:
4545:
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4540:
4537:
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4530:
4527:
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4512:
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4505:
4502:
4500:
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4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4389:
4388:Gubernatorial
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4358:
4357:
4356:Gabriel Green
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4335:Andrew Pulley
4331:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4319:Linda Jenness
4315:
4314:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4128:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4107:Terry Sanford
4105:
4103:
4102:Edmund Muskie
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3933:Richard Nixon
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3874:
3869:
3867:
3862:
3860:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3841:
3840:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3805:Dallas Accord
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:organizations
3748:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3694:2008 (Denver)
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3629:1981 (Denver)
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3614:1978 (Boston)
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3594:1974 (Irving)
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:1972 (Denver)
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:West Virginia
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3441:New Hampshire
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3401:Massachusetts
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3286:and territory
3281:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3223:
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2731:Dionne, E. J.
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2328:
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2323:Walker, Jesse
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2202:Human Conduct
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2019:
2018:Human Conduct
2015:
2011:
2007:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1989:
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1985:
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1969:
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1325:Organizations
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749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
735:Intellectuals
732:
731:
724:
721:
719:
718:Neoliberalism
716:
714:
713:
712:Laissez-faire
709:
707:
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702:
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508:
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503:
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498:
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491:
488:
486:
485:Individualism
483:
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480:Individuality
478:
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406:
403:
401:
398:
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391:
388:
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381:
380:
373:
370:
368:
367:Transhumanist
365:
363:
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355:
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188:
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160:
157:
153:
150:Academic work
148:
144:
140:
135:
131:
127:
124:
122:
118:
113:
109:
102:
99:
97:(before 1991)
96:
93:
92:
90:
86:
75:June 12, 2011
74:
70:
65:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
21:Hospers, Iowa
4489:Determinists
4373:
4354:Candidates:
4353:
4333:VP nominee:
4332:
4316:
4298:Louis Fisher
4295:
4274:
4254:VP nominee:
4253:
4245:
4227:Tonie Nathan
4225:VP nominee:
4224:
4219:John Hospers
4218:
4216:
4198:Jarvis Tyner
4196:VP nominee:
4195:
4187:
4167:VP nominee:
4166:
4158:
4092:Wilbur Mills
4082:John Lindsay
4062:Vance Hartke
4043:
4026:VP nominee:
4025:
4010:
3955:
3945:
3930:
3889:1976 →
3881:← 1968
3830:
3764:Mises Caucus
3728:
3501:South Dakota
3491:Rhode Island
3486:Pennsylvania
3466:North Dakota
3113:
3101:Presidential
2979:Chairpersons
2913:
2908:
2866:. Retrieved
2862:the original
2855:
2849:Cox, Stephen
2843:
2819:
2812:
2787:
2778:
2764:
2752:
2736:. New York:
2733:
2672:
2642:
2637:
2628:The Guardian
2626:
2616:
2591:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2533:
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2501:
2489:. Retrieved
2485:The Guardian
2483:
2460:
2454:
2445:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:Metro Weekly
2427:
2417:
2405:. Retrieved
2401:
2392:
2385:Liberty Fund
2372:
2367:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2330:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2160:
2157:Bibliography
2146:
2132:
2104:
2091:Tonie Nathan
2084:
2062:
2059:conscription
2043:epistemology
2028:
2022:
2017:
2003:
1990:
1984:The Guardian
1982:
1980:
1975:
1972:Indianapolis
1968:Liberty Fund
1965:
1918:
1885:John Hospers
1884:
1883:
1742:
1683:Koch (David)
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1303:Gadsden flag
1058:Commentators
865:
710:
525:Non-politics
430:Free banking
372:Voluntaryism
165:Institutions
103:(after 1991)
77:(2011-06-12)
60:June 9, 1918
32:John Hospers
25:
4414:2011 deaths
4409:1918 births
4346:Independent
4326:Evelyn Reed
4140:independent
4136:Third-party
3948:Spiro Agnew
3736:2022 (Reno)
3576:Conventions
3416:Mississippi
3331:Connecticut
2915:Libertarian
2891:Appearances
2661:Boaz, David
2542:. pp.
2407:January 10,
2143:open border
2129:Later views
2051:determinism
2010:radio shows
2006:Objectivism
1921:Pella, Iowa
1905:minor party
1889:Objectivism
1738:Objectivism
1468:End the Fed
1313:Ron Swanson
1260:Objectivism
1255:LGBT rights
1240:Immigration
1136:Politicians
1069:Chamberlain
811:R. Friedman
806:P. Friedman
801:M. Friedman
796:D. Friedman
535:Open border
435:Free market
425:Evictionism
415:Departurism
352:Paternalist
213:objectivism
95:Libertarian
64:Pella, Iowa
4403:Categories
4143:candidates
4097:Patsy Mink
4067:Wayne Hays
4033:replacing
4004:Candidates
3990:Convention
3924:Candidates
3910:Convention
3750:Affiliated
3531:Washington
3451:New Mexico
3446:New Jersey
3321:California
2707:2008009151
2607:0385191715
2553:0525939466
2307:References
2224:The Monist
2119:Republican
2096:Washington
1941:aesthetics
1915:Background
1760:Napolitano
1566:No Treason
1398:Literature
1064:Boghossian
580:Single tax
530:Non-voting
450:Free trade
384:Principles
347:Panarchism
327:Minarchism
282:Autarchism
203:Aesthetics
121:Alma mater
101:Republican
56:1918-06-09
4317:Nominee:
4296:Nominee:
4275:Nominee:
4246:Nominee:
4217:Nominee:
4188:Nominee:
4159:Nominee:
4117:Sam Yorty
4011:Nominee:
3995:Primaries
3915:Primaries
3555:Territory
3541:Wisconsin
3506:Tennessee
3411:Minnesota
3386:Louisiana
3258:Jorgensen
3190:Jorgensen
2715:750831024
2111:faithless
2047:free will
2039:political
1733:New Right
1230:Criticism
1167:Jorgensen
1152:Cleveland
1074:Gillespie
976:Sciabarra
951:Robertson
876:Jefferson
685:Economics
663:Old Right
455:Free will
307:Fusionism
292:Christian
4190:Gus Hall
4019:campaign
3939:campaign
3526:Virginia
3476:Oklahoma
3456:New York
3431:Nebraska
3421:Missouri
3406:Michigan
3396:Maryland
3381:Kentucky
3361:Illinois
3336:Delaware
3326:Colorado
3316:Arkansas
3274:ter Maat
3214:Campagna
3210:Badnarik
3150:Bergland
3130:Bergland
3126:MacBride
3046:Bergland
3021:VerHagen
3006:Bergland
2996:S. Nolan
2991:D. Nolan
2868:July 31,
2786:(2008).
2663:(2008).
2590:(1986).
2517:June 13,
2491:June 19,
2435:June 19,
2377:Archived
2356:Archived
2338:June 14,
2241:See also
2151:Iraq War
2123:Virginia
2113:elector
2100:Colorado
2014:Ayn Rand
1978:series.
1893:Ayn Rand
1673:Jillette
1642:See also
1270:Politics
1220:Abortion
1157:Coolidge
1036:Williams
971:Schulman
961:Rothbard
956:Rockwell
936:Paterson
886:Kinsella
881:Kauffman
851:Heinlein
816:Galambos
791:Franklin
776:Chodorov
771:Chartier
706:Georgism
668:New Left
500:Localism
302:Feminist
232:a series
3815:History
3546:Wyoming
3521:Vermont
3426:Montana
3366:Indiana
3346:Georgia
3341:Florida
3311:Arizona
3301:Alabama
3246:Johnson
3234:Johnson
3202:Olivier
3114:Hospers
3103:tickets
3091:McArdle
3076:Sarwark
3066:Redpath
3041:Dasbach
3036:Gingell
2981:of the
2918:nominee
2857:Liberty
2671:(ed.).
2544:502–564
2230:Liberty
2085:In the
2067:Harvard
1775:Spooner
1510:Liberty
1292:Culture
1197:Ventura
1192:Sarwark
1162:Johnson
1114:Stossel
1099:Pugsley
1094:Postrel
1089:McElroy
1079:Gutfeld
1016:Thoreau
1001:Skousen
966:Samuels
911:Mencken
901:LeFevre
896:R. Lane
866:Hospers
846:Hazlitt
831:Griffin
821:Garrett
786:Epstein
781:Ebeling
756:Brennan
746:Barnett
741:Andrews
627:History
490:Liberty
267:Agorism
261:Schools
4383:Senate
3481:Oregon
3436:Nevada
3376:Kansas
3351:Hawaii
3306:Alaska
3270:Oliver
3198:Browne
3186:Browne
3174:Marrou
3166:Marrou
3118:Nathan
3086:Bilyeu
3031:Walter
3026:Turney
2895:C-SPAN
2831:
2800:
2744:
2713:
2705:
2695:
2604:
2550:
2540:Dutton
2198:(1985)
2192:(1982)
2186:(1971)
2180:(1971)
2174:(1969)
2168:(1946)
2057:) and
1790:Wilson
1785:Teller
1755:Prince
1668:Jacobs
1214:Issues
1177:McAfee
1172:Massie
1046:Yarvin
1041:Wilson
1031:Wilder
1026:Volokh
1021:Tucker
996:Sowell
931:Nozick
916:Menger
906:Machan
891:Konkin
871:Huemer
841:Harper
836:Gordon
826:George
766:Carson
761:Caplan
362:Techno
277:Austro
208:ethics
66:, U.S.
4378:House
3511:Texas
3391:Maine
3356:Idaho
3294:State
3262:Cohen
3154:Lewis
3138:Clark
3071:Neale
3061:Dixon
3056:Neale
3016:Grant
3011:Clark
3001:Crane
2909:First
2667:. In
2121:from
2109:from
2035:moral
2012:with
1780:Taleb
1275:State
1182:Nolan
1142:Amash
1124:Woods
1109:Stone
1104:Smith
1084:Jones
1011:Thiel
1006:Szasz
991:Somin
986:Smith
981:Scott
921:Mises
861:Hoppe
751:Block
342:Paleo
317:Green
4138:and
3883:)
3516:Utah
3471:Ohio
3371:Iowa
3267:2024
3255:2020
3250:Weld
3243:2016
3238:Gray
3231:2012
3226:Root
3222:Barr
3219:2008
3207:2004
3195:2000
3183:1996
3178:Lord
3171:1992
3162:Paul
3159:1988
3147:1984
3142:Koch
3135:1980
3123:1976
3111:1972
3051:Lark
2924:1972
2870:2012
2829:ISBN
2798:ISBN
2742:ISBN
2711:OCLC
2703:LCCN
2693:ISBN
2677:Sage
2602:ISBN
2548:ISBN
2519:2011
2493:2023
2437:2023
2409:2024
2340:2011
2117:, a
2098:and
2037:and
1897:1972
1202:Walz
1187:Paul
1147:Burt
1119:Will
946:Read
941:Rand
926:Nock
856:Hess
72:Died
50:Born
2983:LNC
2893:on
2685:doi
1970:of
337:Neo
312:Geo
155:Era
143:PhD
4405::
4376::
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2701:.
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2679:;
2650:^
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1986:’s
1963:.
1951:,
1947:,
1929:MA
1911:.
234:on
134:MA
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