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whose opening verse translates as "Lord keep us steadfast in thy Word, Curb Pope and Turk who by the sword, would wrest the kingdom from thy Son, and set at naught all he hath done." The children were slain without mercy, but whether by order from Tilly or not remains debated in some quarters. Tilly
1017:
Many historians consider it unlikely that Tilly ordered the city to be torched. Magdeburg was a strategically vital city of the Elbe and was needed as a resupply center for the looming fight against the Swedes. Although extremely opposed to the
Reformation movement, Tilly was an experienced commander
1005:
to the Swedes, Pappenheim finally convinced Tilly, who had brought reinforcements, to storm the city on 20 May with 40,000 men under the personal command of
Pappenheim. The assault was successful and the walls were breached, but the commanders supposedly lost control of their soldiers. A massacre of
939:
on 26–27 August 1626, in which his highly disciplined infantry charged the enemy lines four times, breaking through. This led him to win decisively, destroying more than half the fleeing Danish army, which was uncharacteristic of the warfare of the time. Denmark was forced to sue for peace at the
1022:. However, the city's mayor rejected the offer, expecting a Swedish relief force to arrive soon. When the slaughter began, and no escape was possible, the children of the city were formed in procession and marched across the marketplace singing Luther's hymn
738:
on 8 November 1620. Half of the enemy forces were killed or captured, while the
Catholic League lost only 700 men. This victory was vital in crushing resistance to the Emperor in Bohemia, as it allowed Prague to be captured several days later.
1275:, Munich 1938). An examination of the skeleton during a Tilly exhibition in Altötting in 2007 confirmed the arquebus wounding. The ultimately deadly 90-gram bullet had been laid in the coffin with the corpse, but was apparently lost during the
1054:. In the battle he was outmaneuvered by King Gustavus Adolphus and suffered 27,000 casualties. The Swedes’ maneuvering and accurate, rapid artillery fire caused his troops to break and flee. He withdrew, and political rivalries prevented
908:, where 13,000 out of his army of 15,000 were lost, including fifty of his high-ranking officers. Together with the complete surrender of Bohemia in 1623, this ended virtually all resistance in Germany. This caused King
1267:", by which he means a culverin, caused the injury. However, in a letter dated 15 April 1632, Elector Maximilian I correctly stated that Tilly had his thigh "shot into two pieces with an arquebus." (Albert Beierlein:
1006:
the populace ensued in which roughly 20,000 of the 25,000 inhabitants of the city perished by sword and the fire which destroyed most of the city, then one of the largest cities in
Germany and about the size of
1410:
1430:
1018:
and would have recognized the strategic importance of the city. Additionally, he sent a proposal of surrender to
Magdeburg days before the final assault, after the capture of the Toll
1283:, Altötting 2007 (publication accompanying the exhibition by the Historical Association Alt-Tilly and the Bavarian Army Museum in Altötting, 1 May to 30 July 2007) page 38;
1115:
858:
1122:. A sister or daughter, Albertina, of this Prince Antonio Octavio, would be the first root for the Spanish ducal title, Dukes of Tserclaes, bestowed in July 1856 by Queen
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55:
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861:– not to be confused with the famous Spanish general of the same name from the Italian Wars in Italy at the end of the 15th century – and was victorious at the
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Never was such a victory since the storming of Troy or of
Jerusalem. I am sorry that you and the ladies of the court were not there to enjoy the spectacle.
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famously says "I don't care if this funeral is a historical event, to me the mutilation of my daughter's face is a historical event."
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on 30 May 1626, whereupon local and refugee
Protestant ministers were thrown into the river Werra, but could not lay a siege to
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1118:(1648-1723). Antonio was a general and nobleman in service of Spain, while his younger brother Claude fought in service of the
785:
722:. A force of 25,000 soldiers, including troops of both the Catholic League and the Emperor scored an important victory against
70:
774:
59:
1245:
Samuel
Gardiner; Charles Horne (1919). "The "Defeenestration" at Prague, The Thirty Years War". In Johnson, Rossiter (ed.).
727:
515:. From 1620 to 1631, he won an unmatched and demoralizing string of important victories against the Protestants, including
1263:(1632), the Jesuit priest Jakob Balde incorrectly reported that a "one-pound cannon ball from a Swedish gun, a so-called
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in command while he campaigned elsewhere. After two months of laying siege, and after the fall of
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1287:, page 96; commentary on Fig. 59 (photograph of the skeleton's shattered thigh) page 173.
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involvement in 1630 under their redoubtable leader, the brilliant King and field general
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896:) for this victory. These three battles in two months allowed him to capture the city of
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in only five years. When the
Turkish War ended in 1606, he remained in the service of
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Der du gelehrt hast meine Hände den Krieg: Tilly – Heiliger oder
Kriegsverbrecher?
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Tilly is depicted in First Breitenfeld and in the Battle of Rain in the novel
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507: ; February 1559 – 30 April 1632) was a field marshal who commanded the
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As commander of the forces of the Catholic League, Tilly fought against the
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on 9 March 1632. While attempting to prevent the Swedes from crossing into
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from coming to his aid, so he turned to defence. He defeated the Swedes at
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559:
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Following Magdeburg, Tilly engaged the army of Gustavus Adolphus at the
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777: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1279:. Cf. Marcus Junkelmann, Historical Association Alt-Tilly, et al.
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The siege began on 20 March 1631, and Tilly put his subordinate
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on 27 April 1622. He then joined with the Spanish general Duke
636:
in his campaign against the rebellious Dutch forces during the
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on 6 May; this victory occurred after the enemies’ ammunition
746:
31:
1247:
The Great Events by Famous Historians, vol XI, A.D. 1609-1660
944:. This disrupted the balance of power in Europe resulting in
1160:
Tilly and the sack of Magdeburg are mentioned in the novel
1086:
cannon ball), which shattered his right thigh, and died of
708:, by which time he had trained his soldiers in the Spanish
1232:
Die Märtyrer der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche, Volume 1
920:, and also in a bid to make himself the primary leader of
589:’s forces during the first half of the Thirty Years' War.
1230:
C. L. Herm Fick (1854). "Die Magdeburger Schulkinder".
1189:
1187:
27:
Catholic marshal of the Thirty Years' War (1559–1632)
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Die Schlacht bei Rain am Lech 14. und 15. April 1632
1220:
Willigerod, Geschichte von Münden (Göttingen, 1808).
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to members of the Pérez de Guzmán family, living in
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on 30 April 1632, at the age of 73. Along with Duke
1411:
South Netherlandish people of the Thirty Years' War
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1094:at the age of 73 on 30 April 1632. His tomb is in
569:on 15 April 1632, and he died two weeks later in
1431:Imperial Army personnel of the Thirty Years' War
900:following an eleven-week siege on 19 September.
546:However, Tilly's army was eventually crushed at
1031:
668:in 1600, and through rapid promotion became a
597:Johann Tserclaes was born on February 1559 in
1153:: in the scene in which his funeral is held,
1050:, which he had reached after laying waste to
8:
1333:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1029:afterwards reportedly wrote to the Emperor,
849:Next, Tilly turned west and marched through
585:, he was one of two chief commanders of the
1082:bullet (not, as erroneously reported, by a
978:While Gustavus Adolphus landed his army in
459:Statue of Tilly in the hall of fame of the
1349:
1116:Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly
148:
133:
1324:"Tilly, Johann Tzerclaes, Count of"
1304:"Johannes Tserclæs, Count of Tilly"
837:Learn how and when to remove this message
397:
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1193:
956:for the previous ten years in wars with
680:until he was appointed commander of the
1436:Field marshals of the Holy Roman Empire
1183:
1090:(bone infection) fifteen days later in
1046:on 17 September 1631, near the city of
632:at the age of fifteen and fought under
541:sacked the Protestant city of Magdeburg
1285:Bericht des Jesuitenpaters Jakob Balde
1273:Schlachtfelder zwischen Alpen und Main
952:, who had been trying to dominate the
414:
1208:
1038:Campaign against the Swedes and death
999:Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim
877:was hit by cannon fire and exploded.
7:
1441:Infectious disease deaths in Germany
1313:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
994:, which promised to support Sweden.
924:. Count Tilly besieged and captured
775:adding citations to reliable sources
433:Bronze statue of Count Tilly in the
60:adding citations to reliable sources
1345:German-Page >Battle of Wiesloch
1249:. The National Alumni. p. 72.
1112:Antonio Octavio Tserclaes de Tilly
902:Christian the Younger of Brunswick
786:"Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly"
644:in 1585. After this he joined the
640:, participating in the successful
461:Museum of Military History, Vienna
71:"Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly"
25:
1025:Erhalt uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort
282:Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire)
1406:People from the Duchy of Brabant
1307:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
751:
634:Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
535:. He destroyed a Danish army at
497:Johann t'Serclaes Graf von Tilly
489:Johan t'Serclaes Graaf van Tilly
481:Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly
253:
241:
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1150:Mother Courage and Her Children
880:He was successful again at the
762:needs additional citations for
47:needs additional citations for
18:Johan Tzerclaes, Count of Tilly
1271:, page 50 in Reichenau (ed.):
1110:Fraternal descendants include
1074:, he was wounded early in the
935:Tilly fought the Danes at the
1:
690:Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria
1401:People from Villers-la-Ville
859:Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba
471:Portrait of Johann Tserclaes
950:Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
718:supported by deep ranks of
1457:
1120:army of the Dutch Republic
971:
884:on 20 June and was made a
853:, but was defeated at the
620:family. After receiving a
558:. A bullet from a Swedish
533:Conquest of the Palatinate
1369:
1362:
1357:
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1078:on 15 April by a 90-gram
871:Margrave of Baden-Durlach
154:Count Tilly on a portrait
147:
1261:Magnus Tillius Redivivus
732:Battle of White Mountain
706:Defenestration of Prague
648:'s campaign against the
575:Albrecht von Wallenstein
505:Jean t'Serclaes de Tilly
343:Battle of White Mountain
278:Catholic League (German)
1330:Encyclopædia Britannica
910:Christian IV of Denmark
714:system, which featured
197:30 April 1632 (aged 73)
1301:Spahn, Martin (1913).
1162:The Hangman's Daughter
1143:Tilly is mentioned in
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475:Nicolaas van der Horst
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1310:Catholic Encyclopedia
1138:Fictional appearances
1044:Battle of Breitenfeld
1003:Frankfurt an der Oder
960:, then a continental
855:Battle of Mingolsheim
704:rebels following the
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432:
393:Battle of Breitenfeld
348:Battle of Mingolsheim
288:Years of service
1124:Isabella II of Spain
771:improve this article
301:Generalfeldmarschall
56:improve this article
1353:Titles of nobility
916:in 1625 to protect
906:Battle of Stadtlohn
743:Campaign in Germany
724:Christian of Anhalt
696:Campaign in Bohemia
607:Spanish Netherlands
448:Statue of Tilly in
373:Battle of Stadtlohn
368:Capture of Mannheim
363:Siege of Heidelberg
184:Spanish Netherlands
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968:Sack of Magdeburg
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863:Battle of Wimpfen
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609:, in what is now
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513:Thirty Years' War
511:'s forces in the
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353:Battle of Wimpfen
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204:Electoral Bavaria
188:Holy Roman Empire
164:The Monk in Armor
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1367:1622 - 1632
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1259:In his work
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1072:Rain am Lech
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769:Please help
764:verification
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658:Transylvania
630:Spanish Army
599:Castle Tilly
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308:Battles/wars
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276:Army of the
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54:Please help
49:verification
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1396:1632 deaths
1391:1559 births
1106:Descendants
1056:Wallenstein
982:and was in
980:Mecklenburg
728:Count Thurn
664:during the
593:Early years
583:Mecklenburg
565:him at the
548:Breitenfeld
160:Nickname(s)
1416:T'Serclaes
1385:Categories
1295:References
1209:Spahn 1913
1092:Ingolstadt
898:Heidelberg
827:April 2017
797:newspapers
716:musketeers
684:forces by
618:Brabantine
571:Ingolstadt
226:Allegiance
200:Ingolstadt
112:March 2012
82:newspapers
1359:New title
1134:, Spain.
1096:Altötting
1066:over the
988:Magdeburg
964:of note.
692:in 1610.
674:Rudolf II
662:mercenary
605:, in the
579:Friedland
529:Stadtlohn
450:Altötting
291:1574–1632
219:Altötting
1084:culverin
1080:arquebus
865:against
734:west of
702:Bohemian
656:and the
615:Catholic
560:arquebus
531:and the
267:Service/
1132:Seville
1064:Bavaria
1060:Bamberg
1048:Leipzig
1020:redoubt
1012:Hamburg
1008:Cologne
990:on the
946:Swedish
875:tumbril
851:Germany
811:scholar
720:pikemen
686:Bavaria
654:Hungary
626:Cologne
611:Belgium
552:Swedish
521:Wimpfen
412: (
395: (
261:Bavaria
96:scholar
1265:Falken
1052:Saxony
984:Berlin
958:Poland
954:Baltic
930:Kassel
926:MĂĽnden
894:German
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736:Prague
711:Tercio
688:under
678:Prague
622:Jesuit
537:Lutter
525:Höchst
501:French
493:German
473:after
439:Munich
269:branch
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214:Buried
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1178:Notes
1128:Jerez
1070:near
962:power
886:count
818:JSTOR
804:books
660:as a
485:Dutch
237:Spain
103:JSTOR
89:books
1170:1632
1130:and
1068:Lech
992:Elbe
890:Graf
790:news
726:and
581:and
539:and
296:Rank
194:Died
170:Born
75:news
1147:'s
1010:or
932:.
892:in
773:by
676:in
652:in
577:of
415:DOW
398:WIA
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