134:. His best known experiment was published in Germany in 1933. Nikuradse carefully measured the friction that a fluid experiences in turbulent flow through a rough pipe. He cemented grains of sand to the inner wall of a pipe and discovered that, the rougher the surface the greater the friction, and hence a greater pressure loss.
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In range III, the resistance factor is independent of the
Reynolds number (quadratic law of resistance). Here all the projections of the roughening extend through the laminar layer and the resistance factor
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In range II (transition range), an increase in the resistance factor was observed for an increasing
Reynolds number. The thickness of the laminar layer is here of the same order of magnitude as that of the
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In range I, for small
Reynolds number the resistance factor is the same for rough as for smooth pipes. The projections of the roughening lie entirely within the laminar layer for this range.
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and of stealing books from the institute. Prandtl initially defended
Nikuradse, but was eventually forced to dismiss him in 1934. He then served as a professor at the
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360:"Turbulent Friction in Rough Pipes and the Energy Spectrum of the Phenomenological Theory"
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precluded his return to homeland and
Nikuradse naturalized as a German citizen.
45:, was also a Germany-based physicist and geopolitician known for his ties with
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76:. In 1919, through the recommendations of the conspicuous Georgian scholar
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249:{\displaystyle \lambda ={\frac {1}{(1.14+2log({\frac {r}{k}}))^{2}}}}
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107:, Nikuradse came, in the early 1930s, under fire of the institute's
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Max Planck
Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization
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Collaborators with Nazi
Germany from Georgia (country)
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311:. NACA Technical Memorandum 1292 (in German): 361.
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95:in 1920, he later worked as a researcher at the
80:, he went abroad for further studies. The 1921
119:(1934â1945), and an honorary professor at the
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309:Forschung Auf dem Gebiete des Ingenieurwesens
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111:whose members accused him of spying for the
109:National Socialist Factory Cell Organization
33:) (November 20, 1894 â July 18, 1979) was a
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279:. Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
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331:"A 73-year-old experiment yields secrets"
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273:Renneberg, Monika; Walker, Mark (2003).
358:Gioia, G.; Chakraborty, Pinaki (2006).
307:[Laws of flow in rough pipes].
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41:engineer and physicist. His brother,
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305:"Stromungsgesetze in rauhen Rohren"
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478:Physicists from Georgia (country)
49:and for his role in saving many
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397:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.044502
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483:Soviet emigrants to Germany
121:Aachen Technical University
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336:United Press International
126:Nikuradse lived mostly in
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166:{\displaystyle \lambda }
82:Sovietization of Georgia
367:Physical Review Letters
303:Nikuradse, J. (1933).
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117:University of Breslau
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137:He discovered that:
389:2006PhRvL..96d4502G
43:Alexander Nikuradse
339:. January 31, 2006
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78:Petre Melikishvili
66:Kutais Governorate
286:978-0-521-52860-3
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26:ááááá ááááŁá áá«á
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55:World War II
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463:1979 deaths
458:1894 births
343:January 13,
317:10024691252
91:student of
452:Categories
260:References
105:Nazi Party
415:0031-9007
185:λ
161:λ
128:Göttingen
99:(now the
62:Samtredia
51:Georgians
423:16486828
406:2142/984
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431:7439208
385:Bibcode
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37:-born
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438:(PDF)
427:S2CID
375:arXiv
363:(PDF)
419:PMID
411:ISSN
345:2011
313:NAID
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200:1.14
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89:PhD
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