Full name | Sparta Rotterdam | ||
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Nickname(s) | De Kasteelheren (The Castle Lords) De Rood-Witte Gladiatoren (The Red-White Gladiators) | ||
Founded | 1 April 1888; 136 years ago (1888-04-01) | ||
Ground | Sparta Stadion | ||
Capacity | 11,026 | ||
Chairman | Leo Ruijs | ||
Head Coach | Jeroen Rijsdijk | ||
League | Eredivisie | ||
2023β24 | Eredivisie, 8th of 18 | ||
Website | Club website | ||
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Current season |
Sparta Rotterdam (Dutch pronunciation: [ΛspΙrtaΛΛrΙtΙrΛdΙm]) is a Dutch professional football club based in Rotterdam. Established on 1 April 1888, Sparta Rotterdam is the oldest professional football team in the Netherlands.
Sparta currently competes in the Eredivisie, the top flight of Dutch professional football, which they have won six times, having earned promotion from the Eerste Divisie in 2018β19. The club is one of three professional football clubs from Rotterdam, the others being Excelsior (est. 1902) and Feyenoord (est. 1908).
History
Origins
On the Easter Sunday of 1 April 1888, eight students from Rotterdam founded a cricket club called Rotterdamsche Cricket & Football Club Sparta. It was established in the garden of the house of the first treasurer, Hartevelt Hoos Oostvestple, a building located on the 11 in Rotterdam. The club was founded by eight students between the ages of 13 and 16. Five of them were students of the then HBS at the Van Alkemadeplein, and the remaining three were students of the Gymnasium Erasmianum on the Coolvest, the name of the Coolsingel before it changed in 1888. All the founders came from wealthy families in Rotterdam, because at the time, it was only the high and middle classes who had the time and money to practice sports, such as cricket. All the founders, along with the other early members of Sparta, lived in the Stadsdriehoek, Cool, Rubroek or Crooswijk neighborhoods of Rotterdam, which had become a fast-growing port city of the Netherlands in the second half of the 19th century.
Sparta initially started as a cricket club, with the Dutch newspaper NRC of May 1888 already reporting a victory for Sparta over Achilles by 45 runs. However, when the boys were given a suitable ball, they also engaged in the sport of football, which had recently come over from the United Kingdom. The young Sparta members began playing this sport in the terrain that was located on the Noordereiland, west of the Burgmeester Hoffmanplein, and in July 1888, a football branch of the club was thus established. In the Netherlands, it was Sparta who introduced the goal with a crossbar and nets. Before them, only a rope was stretched between the posts.
First Matches
The members of Sparta only played matches against each other in the first year. These matches were played in various compositions between the 35-hour lesson week and the subsequent 20-hour working week at the Delftse Poort, usually on the square in front of the church of the Grote or Sint-Laurenskerk.
In 1888 there was not yet an umbrella organization for football, so there were no organized competitions. Therefore, the clubs had to invite or challenge each other, which resulted in a lot of mutual challenges between the existing clubs. The first football challenge that Sparta received dates back to 28 December 1888, more than 38 weeks after the foundation date, but the game, scheduled for 30 December 1888, was not played due to the unplayability of the opponent's field. From April 1889, the training and matches began to take place on a site designated by the alderman to the west of De Heuvel in Rotterdam. In the same period, the club also got its first clubhouse on the Delfshavensedijk.
Federal Football
In March 1890, Sparta joined the Dutch Football and Athletics Association (Nederlandse Atletiek en Voetbal Bond, NVAB), founded by Pim Mulier on 8 December 1889, the predecessor of today's KNVB, and they played their first real match later that year. In 1892 Sparta disbanded the cricket branch. On 18 December 1892, Sparta defeated the Amersfoortsche FC (AFC Quick 1890) with what still is a record result for a Dutch league match: 17β0. The right winger Freek Kampschreur scored 9 of the 17 goals and is still the shared record holder for the most goals in a single Dutch league match. The next home match against Go Ahead [nl] from Wageningen is an important one as both teams have a shot at winning the 2nd division championship, and thus it attracted 1500 spectators. Sparta lost 2β4, which still is their only loss in the 2nd division, but then won the away game (0β2) in February, thus finishing the season with the same amount of points, and since there were no tie-breakers at the time, both teams were promoted to the highest league of Dutch football on 23 April 1893.
Earlier that same year, on 18 March 1893, Sparta was the first Dutch club to play a match against a foreign opponent, Harwich & Parkeston F.C. of England, whose football was much more developed, and they showed their clear superiority with a resounding 8β0 victory. When another match against an English team, Felixstowe FC, was scheduled for 5 February 1894, the NVAB, in order to avert another humiliation to Sparta, forced them to field a team that included a few non-Spartan players, and the plan worked as the game ended in a 1β1 draw. On the following day, 6 February, Felixstowe FC played another match, this time against a Dutch squad with the best players of the Netherlands, which fielded only two players from Sparta, Weinthal and Freek Kampschreur. They did no better than the Sparta squad as they lost 0β1, but this game is now considered to be the first unofficial match of the Netherlands national team.
In August 1893, Sparta debuted a new field on the Binnenweg which had a real fence and some seats. The players could even dress up and wash in a nearby house, but because it was continuously flooded, Sparta received permission from the municipality to move to the Schuttersveld in Crooswijk. There, they remained undefeated from January 1894 until the end of the season as they finished in fourth. Sparta then founded the Rotterdam Football Association in 1894.
Innovations
Sparta introduced women's football in late 1896 by trying to organize a competition between a women's team from Sparta and the English Ladies Football Club from London. However, no permission for this match was given by the Dutch Football Association, which forbids it from happening.
Sparta also showed itself to be an innovator in other areas during this period. Over the years, Sparta introduced in the Netherlands, among other things: the header, a goal with a crossbar and nets, and brightly colored shirts. That red and white outfit was copied in 1899 during a visit by the Sparta board to Sunderland in England. Apart from being an innovator, Sparta was also known as a club that was sometimes difficult to deal with. For instance, in March 1897, Sparta temporarily withdrew from the Dutch league because of the alleged continuous dubious arbitration of Sparta matches, but especially due to turmoil at a match in Amsterdam against the apparently rather arrogant RAP, in which the referee did not act against the verbal abuse of the RAP players. Sparta's remaining two matches were awarded to their opponents (5β0) and the club was fined 10 Dutch coins, but despite this, it still finished fourth.
In 1899 the board of Sparta visited a match of Sunderland. Impressed with the red-and-white jersey of the English club, the board decided that Sunderland's colours (red-white striped jersey, black shorts) would henceforth be the colours of Sparta. The first Sparta shirts were purchased second-hand Sunderland shirts. Today, the signature red and white shirt is combined with black trousers and red and white striped stockings.
First golden age
From 1900 Sparta played a pioneering role in the organization of Dutch football because, at the time, the board of the Dutch Football Association consisted largely of Spartans, and in 1901, Sparta began to organize competitions for the Zilveren Bal, the most important cup tournament at the time.
In 1905, Sparta initiated and organized the first home match of the Netherlands national team, against Belgium. The match, won 4β0 by the Netherlands, was a rematch of a game two weeks prior, when the Netherlands beat Belgium 4β1 in Antwerp, Belgium. The match took place in what had been the Sparta stadium for about ten years at the time, the Schuttersveld in Crooswijk, and the Dutch squad was coached by former Sparta player Cees van Hasselt.
From 1893 onwards, the football players of Sparta built up a reputation as "the eternal number 2" because, in its first fifteen years in the top division of Dutch football, Sparta reached second or third place six times. This changed in 1909, as Sparta won the national championship in that year as well as in 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1915; while the Silver Ball was won in 1910 and 1913, and the NBLO Cup in 1909, 1910, and 1911. During this period, Sparta hired a coach for the first time, the Englishman Edgar Chadwick, which undoubtedly contributed to the success. Star players Bok de Korver, Huug de Groot, and Cas Ruffelse also played a pivotal role in helping Sparta dominate the nation during these years.
On 15 October 1916, Sparta moved for the last time, this time to Sparta's new stadium, Het Kasteel (The Castle), in the Spangen area of west Rotterdam. The move was largely privately funded by a group of 27 residents of Rotterdam. Following the English example, the Sparta stadium became the center of the later-built residential area and was soon known as Het Kasteel because of its facade with two turrets. The stadium was renovated in 1999 and is still Sparta's stadium.
In 1918, Prince Hendrik was the first member of the Royal House to pay an official visit to a Sparta match. In the years that followed, Queen Wilhelmina, Princess Juliana, and Prince Bernhard also visited the stadium, among other things to attend the annual Blood Transfusion Competition, a charity initiative that earned Sparta a high award from the Dutch Red Cross on its golden jubilee.
Recent years
Until the 2002β03 season, Sparta had always played at the highest level, but after they appointed the former international player Frank Rijkaard as a manager they were relegated from the top-level Eredivisie in 2002. That made Rijkaard resign from his position. Sparta returned to the Eredivisie for the 2005β06 season. They were relegated again in 2010. On 20 August 2010, they equalled Ajax's and Heracles Almelo's Dutch league record win when they defeated Almere City 12β1 with Johan Voskamp scoring an Eerste Divisie record 8 goals on his debut.
After six years in the Eerste Divisie, Sparta again won promotion to the Eredivisie in April 2016 after a 3β1 win over Jong Ajax won them an unassailable lead over second placed VVV-Venlo. However, they were relegated for the third time in their history in May 2018 after they were beaten 1β3 on aggregate by FC Emmen in the promotion/relegation play-offs. The result proved to be a historical one since Emmen won their first ever promotion to the Eredivisie.
Sparta has won six national titles (1909, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1915 and 1959) and three national cups (1958, 1962 and 1966).
Meuse/Scheldt Cup
The best footballers of Rotterdam and Antwerp contested a yearly match between 1909 and 1959 for the Meuse- and Scheldt Cup (Maas- en Schelde Beker). It was agreed to play the game at stadium Het Kasteel in Rotterdam and at the Bosuilstadion in Antwerp. The cup was provided in 1909 by Kees van Hasselt from Rotterdam and P. Havenith from Antwerp.
Youth program
The Sparta Jeugdopleiding (English: Sparta Youth Academy) is a four-star certified youth academy and amongst the strongest in the nation, having won the national academy of the year award on several occasions. Several International footballers have progressed through the ranks of the academy, including Danny Blind, Danny Koevermans, David Mendes da Silva, Ed de Goey, Winston Bogarde, Memphis Depay, Henk FrΓ€ser, Jan van Beveren, Georginio Wijnaldum, Anwar El Ghazi, Jetro Willems, John de Wolf, Kevin Strootman, Rick van Drongelen and Nick Viergever, Marten de Roon amongst others.
Honours
National
- Netherlands Football League Championship / Eredivisie: 6
- Eerste Divisie: 1
- KNVB Cup: 3
- 1957β58, 1961β62, 1965β66
Others
- Rotterdam Easter Tournament
- Runners-up (2): 1934, 1948
Domestic results
Below is a table with Sparta Rotterdam's domestic results since the introduction of the Eredivisie in 1956.
Domestic Results since 1956 | ||||
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Domestic league | League result | Qualification to | KNVB Cup season | Cup result |
2022β23 Eredivisie | 6th | European competition play-offs: no European competition | 2022β23 | second round |
2021β22 Eredivisie | 14th | 2021β22 | second round | |
2020β21 Eredivisie | 8th | European competition play-offs: no European competition | 2020β21 | first round |
2019β20 Eredivisie | 11th | 2019β20 | second round | |
2018β19 Eerste Divisie | second | Eredivisie (winning promotion/releg. play-offs) | 2018β19 | first round |
2017β18 Eredivisie | 17th | Eerste Divisie (losing promo./releg. play-offs) | 2017β18 | first round |
2016β17 Eredivisie | 15th | 2016β17 | semi-final | |
2015β16 Eerste Divisie | 1st | Eredivisie | 2015β16 | third round |
2014β15 Eerste Divisie | 8th | - | 2014β15 | third round |
2013β14 Eerste Divisie | 16th | promotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion | 2013β14 | second round |
2012β13 Eerste Divisie | 3rd | promotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion | 2012β13 | third round |
2011β12 Eerste Divisie | 2nd | promotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion | 2011β12 | round of 16 |
2010β11 Eerste Divisie | 9th | - | 2010β11 | third round |
2009β10 Eredivisie | 16th | Eerste Divisie (losing promo./releg. play-offs) | 2009β10 | quarter-final |
2008β09 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 2008β09 | round of 16 |
2007β08 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 2007β08 | third round |
2006β07 Eredivisie | 13th | - (after losing IC-play-offs) | 2006β07 | round of 16 |
2005β06 Eredivisie | 14th | - | 2005β06 | second round |
2004β05 Eerste Divisie | 2nd | Eredivisie (winning promotion/releg. play-offs) | 2004β05 | second round |
2003β04 Eerste Divisie | 3rd | promotion/relegation play-offs: no promotion | 2003β04 | semi-final |
2002β03 Eerste Divisie | 8th | - | 2002β03 | third round |
2001β02 Eredivisie | 17th | Eerste Divisie (losing promo./releg. play-offs) | 2001β02 | second round |
2000β01 Eredivisie | 17th | - (surviving promotion/relegation play-offs) | 2000β01 | third round |
1999β2000 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1999-2000 | second round |
1998β99 Eredivisie | 17th | - (surviving promotion/relegation play-offs) | 1998-99 | second round |
1997β98 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1997-98 | second round |
1996β97 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1996-97 | second round |
1995β96 Eredivisie | 6th | - | 1995-96 | final |
1994β95 Eredivisie | 14th | - | 1994-95 | round of 16 |
1993β94 Eredivisie | 9th | - | 1993-94 | third round |
1992β93 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1992-93 | round of 16 |
1991β92 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1991-92 | semi-final |
1990β91 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1990-91 | round of 16 |
1989β90 Eredivisie | 12th | - | 1989-90 | first round |
1988β89 Eredivisie | 12th | - | 1988-89 | round of 16 |
1987β88 Eredivisie | 12th | - | 1987-88 | first round |
1986β87 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1986-87 | round of 16 |
1985β86 Eredivisie | 7th | - | 1985-86 | first round |
1984β85 Eredivisie | 4th | UEFA Cup | 1984-85 | quarter-final |
1983β84 Eredivisie | 5th | - | 1983-84 | round of 16 |
1982β83 Eredivisie | 4th | UEFA Cup | 1982-83 | second round |
1981β82 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1981-82 | semi-final |
1980β81 Eredivisie | 7th | - | 1980-81 | second round |
1979β80 Eredivisie | 13th | - | 1979-80 | semi-final |
1978β79 Eredivisie | 6th | - | 1978-79 | quarter-final |
1977β78 Eredivisie | 5th | - | 1977-78 | semi-final |
1976β77 Eredivisie | 7th | - | 1976-77 | second round |
1975β76 Eredivisie | 10th | - | 1975-76 | second round |
1974β75 Eredivisie | 6th | - | 1974-75 | quarter-final |
1973β74 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1973-74 | round of 16 |
1972β73 Eredivisie | 4th | - | 1972-73 | semi-final |
1971β72 Eredivisie | 4th | - | 1971-72 | quarter-final |
1970β71 Eredivisie | 6th | Cup Winners' Cup | 1970-71 | final |
1969β70 Eredivisie | 5th | Inter-Cities Fairs Cup | 1969-70 | second round |
1968β69 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1968-69 | semi-final |
1967β68 Eredivisie | 5th | - | 1967-68 | quarter-final |
1966β67 Eredivisie | 3rd | - | 1966-67 | round of 16 |
1965β66 Eredivisie | 7th | Cup Winners' Cup | 1965-66 | winners |
1964β65 Eredivisie | 5th | - | 1964-65 | first round |
1963β64 Eredivisie | 14th | - | 1963-64 | round of 16 |
1962β63 Eredivisie | 3rd | - | 1962-63 | third round |
1961β62 Eredivisie | 9th | Cup Winners' Cup | 1961-62 | winners |
1960β61 Eredivisie | 4th | - | 1960-61 | ? |
1959β60 Eredivisie | 7th | - | not held | not held |
1958β59 Eredivisie | 1st | European Cup | 1958-59 | ? |
1957β58 Eredivisie | 9th | - | 1957-58 | winners |
1956β57 Eredivisie | 8th | - | 1956-57 | ? |
Sparta in Europe
Season | Round | Opponent | Home | Away | Aggregate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1959β60 European Cup | 1st round | IFK GΓΆteborg | 4β0 | 1β3 | 4β4 (3β1 (replay, a.e.t.)) |
Quarter finals | Rangers F.C. | 2β3 | 1β0 | 3β3 (3β2 (replay, a.e.t.)) | |
1962β63 Cup Winners' Cup | 1st round | FC Lausanne-Sport | 4β2 | 0β3 | 4β5 |
1966β67 Cup Winners' Cup | 1st round | Floriana F.C. | 6β0 | 1β1 | 7β1 |
2nd round | Servette FC | 1β0 | 0β2 | 1β2 | |
1970β71 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup | 1st round | ΓΓΎrΓ³ttabandalag Akraness | 6β0 | 9β0 | 15β0 |
2nd round | Coleraine F.C. | 2β0 | 2β1 | 4β1 | |
Quarter final | FC Bayern Munich | 1β3 | 1β2 | 2β5 | |
1971β72 Cup Winners' Cup | 1st round | PFC Levski Sofia | 2β0 | 1β1 | 3β1 |
2nd round | Red Star Belgrade | 1β1 | 1β2 | 2β3 | |
1983β84 UEFA Cup | 1st round | Coleraine F.C. | 4β0 | 1β1 | 5β1 |
2nd round | FC Carl Zeiss Jena | 3β2 | 1β1 | 4β3 | |
3rd round | FC Spartak Moscow | 1β1 | 0β2 | 1β3 | |
1985β86 UEFA Cup | 1st round | Hamburger SV | 2β0 | 0β2 | 2β2 (4β3 p) |
2nd round | Borussia MΓΆnchengladbach | 1β1 | 1β5 | 2β6 |
Current squad
- As of 26 August 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Jong Sparta Rotterdam
Jong Sparta Rotterdam is the second team of Sparta Rotterdam, consisting mainly of players who are not yet eligible for a spot in the first team's squad. The team has been competing in the third-tier Tweede Divisie since 2016. Previously, it played in the Beloften Eredivisie.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Past Players
National team players
The following players were called up to represent their national teams in international football and received caps during their tenure with Sparta Rotterdam:
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- Players in bold actively play for Sparta Rotterdam and for their respective national teams. Years in brackets indicate careerspan with Sparta.
National team players by Confederation
Member associations are listed in order of most to least amount of current and former Sparta players represented Internationally
Confederation | Total | (Nation) Association |
---|---|---|
AFC | 2 | Australia (1), Syria (1) |
CAF | 16 | Cape Verde (5), Nigeria (4), Morocco (2), Burkina Faso (1), Comoros (1), Ghana (1), Guinea (1), South Africa (1) |
CONCACAF | 12 | Curaçao (5), Aruba (2), Suriname (2), Canada (1), Trinidad & Tobago (1), United States (1) |
CONMEBOL | 0 | |
OFC | 0 | |
UEFA | 44 | Netherlands (31), Denmark (3), Luxembourg (2), Northern Ireland (2), Austria (1), Finland (1), Hungary (1), Ireland (1), Israel (1), Slovenia (1) |
Players in international tournaments
The following is a list of Sparta players who have competed in international tournaments, including the FIFA World Cup, UEFA European Championship, CONCACAF Gold Cup and the Africa Cup of Nations. To this date no Sparta players have participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup, AFC Asian Cup, Copa AmΓ©rica or the OFC Nations Cup while playing for Sparta Rotterdam.
Club staff
Position | Name |
---|---|
Head coach | Jeroen Rijsdijk |
Assistant coach | Nourdin Boukhari |
Goalkeeping coach | Frank Kooiman |
Video analyst | Wesly Lisboa |
Chief scout | Jesper Gudde |
Scout | Bart Latuheru |
Club doctor | Simon Knops |
Physiotherapist | Rogier Hoek Kohei Sagara |
Team Official | Ronald Hanstede |
Kit Manager | Ben Wessels |
Academy manager | Jason Oost |
Technical director | Gerard Nijkamp |
Former coaches
- Edgar Chadwick (1915)
- Peter Donaghy (1929β30)
- Doug Livingstone (1949)
- Walter Crook (1950)
- Denis Neville (1955β63)
- Bill Thompson (1963β66)
- Wiel Coerver (1966β69)
- Georg KeΓler (1970β71)
- Elek Schwartz (1971β72)
- Jimmy Adamson (1976)
- Cor Brom (1976β78)
- Mircea Petescu (1978β80)
- Joop Brand (1980)
- Barry Hughes (1980β83)
- Bert Jacobs (1983β84)
- Theo Vonk (1984β86)
- Barry Hughes (1986β88)
- Rob Baan (1988β90)
- Rob Jacobs (1991β93)
- Han Berger (1993β95)
- Henk van Stee (1995)
- Henk ten Cate (1995β97)
- Hans van der Zee (1997β98)
- Jan Everse (1998β99)
- Dolf Roks (1999β01)
- Willem van Hanegem (2001)
- Frank Rijkaard (2001β02)
- Fritz Korbach (2003)
- Chris Dekker (2003)
- Mike Snoei (2003β05)
- Adri van Tiggelen (interim) (2005)
- Wiljan Vloet (2005β07)
- Gert Aandewiel (2007)
- Adri van Tiggelen (interim) (2007)
- Foeke Booy (2007β09)
- Frans Adelaar (2009β10)
- Aad de Mos (2010)
- Jan Everse (2010β11)
- Jos van Eck (2011)
- Michel Vonk (2011β13)
- Henk ten Cate (interim) (2013)
- Gert Kruys (2014)
- Alex Pastoor (2015β2017)
- Dolf Roks (interim) (2017)
- Dick Advocaat (2018)
- Henk Fraser (2018β2022)
- Maurice Steijn (2022β2023)
- Jeroen Rijsdijk (2023βpresent)
See also
- Sparta Rotterdam season 2001β02
- Sparta Rotterdam season 2002β03
- Sparta Rotterdam season 2003β04
References
- ^ "Sparta β Historie Betaald Voetbal" [Sparta β History Professional Football]. historiebetaaldvoetbal.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Sparta de oudste voetbalclub van Nederland" [Sparta the oldest football club in the Netherlands]. wedstrijd.tips (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Sparta Rotterdam (1888)". www.voetballegends.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Beste spelers van Nederland niet opgewassen tegen Engelse ploeg" [Best players in the Netherlands are no match for the English team]. www.dagvantoen.nl (in Dutch). 6 February 1894. Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- "Eerste klasser Sparta verhuist naar Schuttersveld" [First division Sparta moves to Schuttersveld]. www.sparta-rotterdam.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Spartaans vrouwenvoetbal wordt verboden" [Spartan women's football is banned]. www.sparta-rotterdam.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- "Rijkaard quits at Sparta". Uefa.com. 31 May 2002. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- Sparta evenaart record Ajax en Heracles Archived 7 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine - De Telegraaf (in Dutch)
- Acht treffers bij debuut Archived 7 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine - De Telegraaf (in Dutch)
- Sparta Rotterdam terug in de eredivisie Archived 14 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine - NOS (in Dutch)
- Emmen schrijft geschiedenis met promotie, Sparta degradeert uit eredivisie Archived 21 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine - AD (in Dutch)
- "Jeugdopleiding Sparta beoordeeld met 4 sterren". Rijnmond TV. 1 February 2013. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- Hamilton, Chloe (22 October 1995). "Exponenten uit de jeugdopleiding van Sparta Rotterdam". Sparta Jeugdopleiding. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
- "Easter Tournaments Sparta (Rotterdam) 1934 and 1948". Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
- "Sparta vs. GΓΆteborg". UEFA. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "GΓΆteborg vs. Sparta". UEFA. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. GΓΆteborg". UEFA. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Rangers". UEFA. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Rangers vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Rangers vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Coleraine". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Coleraine vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Carl Zeiss Jena". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Carl Zeiss Jena vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Spartak Moscow". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Spartak Moscow vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Hamburg". UEFA. Archived from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Hamburg vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Sparta vs. Borussia MΓΆnchengladbach". UEFA. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "Borussia MΓΆnchengladbach vs. Sparta". UEFA. Archived from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- "A-selectie | Sparta Rotterdam". Archived from the original on 12 July 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
Notes
- A Curaçao-born footballer, Kenneth Cicilia represented Netherlands Antilles internationally, prior to the countries dissolution in 2010, with Curaçao considered by both UEFA and FIFA as the only inherit successor to the national team of former Netherlands Antilles.
- Sparta won 3β1 in the replay played in Bremen, Germany.
- Rangers won 3β2 in the replay played in London, England.
External links
- Official website (in Dutch)
- Sparta Rotterdam at Football-lineups.com
- Statistics
- itwm
- despartasupporter
- Unofficial website (in English)