Knowledge (XXG)

Joseph F. Merrill

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things they have been taught in the Church and the things they are learning in the university, to enable them to become firmly settled in their faith as members of the Church. The big question, then, is what means and methods can be employed to help them to make these reconciliations and adjustments. The primary purpose, therefore, is not to teach them theology. It is not to prepare them for seminary teachers or preachers of the Gospel. We should, therefore, continually hold before our minds that we want to hold them in the Church, make them active, intelligent, sincere, Latter-day Saints. We want to keep them from growing cold in the faith and indifferent to their obligations as Church members. We want to help them to see that it is perfectly reasonable and logical to be really sincere Latter-day Saints.
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American West. Professor Merrill's career as head of the University of Utah School of Mines coincided with a rapid growth in the Utah mining industry. Major scientific discoveries and technological innovations brought the industry out of the era of the lone-prospector and small company mine and mill operation to a world dominated by multi-national corporations working on massive scales, which required a large body of degreed mining engineers, metallurgists, industrial chemists, and other college-educated workers. Early graduates of the program quickly found work in the industry, nearby then globally.
411:), and a host of other topics including smelter smoke abatement studies were major contributions in the field. During Merrill's tenure the School of Mines also expanded to offer additional degrees in engineering, including civil engineering, electrical engineering, and chemical engineering. During the mid-1910s, the School of Mines of the University of Utah added "and engineering school" to its name. In 1928, the university determined the funds for mining and metallurgy research were better spent elsewhere, and the cuts caused staff to leave, such as 254: 463:
influence over them. We want a man who can enjoy student sports and activities as well as one who is a good teacher. We want a man who is a thorough student, one who will not teach in a perfunctory way, but who will enliven his instruction with a strong winning personality and give evidence of thorough understanding of a scholarship in the things he teaches. It is desired that the school be thoroughly successful and a teacher is wanted who is a leader and who will be universally regarded as the inferior to no teacher in the high school.
524:, Merrill worked to ensure its survival as a private school, despite seriously diminished funding. Merrill also worked with other church leaders to keep BYU under church control. He felt that maintaining one university was vital for the future training of seminary teachers. He saw the value in maintaining a corps of trained scholars who were well versed in the teachings of the church. In addition, he felt that a church university would be a light to the world, functioning as a showcase for the academic achievements of church members. 419: 528:
the continuation of released time, speaking before the State Board to in an attempt to convince them of the benefits and legality of seminary. When the Board voted on the issue in 1931, both released time and credit for Bible study were retained. With most of the LDS Church-run schools eliminated by this point, Merrill's action ensured the survival of what would become the dominant form of religious education for the church in Utah.
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offered the following tribute: "I marveled at his energy. Apparently he never got tired; he loved the truth. He loved the truth of science, but he loved more the truths of the gospel of Jesus Christ ... He had a strong will, was pronounced in his opinions, but he was always submissive to the majority
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Again may I say that I believe there is no kind of education in the world that is so fine and so elevating and so good and so important as religious education. And I believe that nowhere in the world is there a system of religious education that is equal in its quality, in its thoroughness and in its
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In 1930, state high school inspector I. L. Williamson issued a highly critical report on the relationships between LDS seminaries and public high schools in Utah. Influenced by this report, the Utah State Board of Education moved to suspend released time privileges statewide. Merrill worked to ensure
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In this collegiate seminary work we are, of course, starting on a new thing in the Church. But if we keep the objective clearly in mind it may be helpful. And may I say that this objective, as I see it, is to enable our young people attending the colleges to make the necessary adjustments between the
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May I say that it is the desire of the Presidency of the Stake to find a young man who is properly qualified to do the work in the most satisfactory manner. By young, we do not necessarily mean a teacher who is young in years, but a man who can command their respect and admiration and exercise great
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In 1928, Merrill left his position at the University of Utah to serve as the head of the LDS Church school system. Upon Merrill's acceptance, the name of the position was officially changed from "Superintendent of Church Schools" to "Church Commissioner of Education". As commissioner, Merrill faced
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comprehensiveness to the system of education that is being undertaken in this Church. The time will come, I verily believe, and before very many years, when week-day religious education will be offered to every high school boy and girl, to every college and university boy and girl in this Church.
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Although the University of Utah established the mining school in the 1890s, it was little more than a basic assay and geology course until after increased funding in 1901. From then to 1928, when Merrill left, the school slowly emerged as one of the best of the mining engineering schools in the
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In 1913, Merrill successfully attracted funding for a metallurgical research center cooperatively staffed by the university and by the new U. S. Bureau of Mines. The Utah experiment station funded original research by students, who received fellowships, as well as university faculty and staff
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Merrill also dealt with the effects of the Great Depression, cutting costs in education. Rather than laying off employees, Merrill asked all members of church education to take pay cuts. During his service, church spending on education was cut nearly in half.
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With the successful launch of institute, Merrill's next task was to facilitate the withdrawal of the LDS Church from the field of secular education in the United States. Most of the church schools had already been closed in the early 1920s, but
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and the transfer of nearly all the remaining church schools to control of the states they resided in. He also faced a crisis in 1930 and 1931 which threatened to end the released time seminary, but the LDS Church education system survived the
486:, Merrill helped develop the basic goals of the institute program, which he felt should be designed to help students reconcile the secular learning of university with the spiritual truths of the church. He wrote: 1898: 564:, cited Merrill's influence as a major factor in his own financial thinking. J. Wyley Sessions called Merrill the "most economical, conservative General Authority of this dispensation." 1878: 446:, Merrill began to seek means for students attending public high schools to have some form of weekday religious education. Influenced by Christian seminaries he had seen at the 1863: 742:
J. Wyley Sessions, J. Wyley Sessions Remembrance, UA 156, box 2, folder 5, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
810: 281: 78: 471:, a young engineer in the Granite Stake. After the building completed and the curriculum developed, the first released-time LDS seminary opened its doors in 1912. 430:. Merrill and his wife would become the parents of seven children. Their home was part of the social life of students in the early mining engineering classes. 1873: 1709: 826: 277: 43: 1858: 396: 1938: 1933: 1888: 1883: 1908: 762:
Casey P. Griffiths, "Joseph F. Merrill: Latter-day Saint Commissioner of Education, 1928-1933," (Master's Thesis, Brigham Young University, 2007).
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Despite the hard times he saw during his tenure as commissioner, Merrill took great joy in his work. Upon his call as commissioner he said:
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of the church, he passed his fiscal philosophies on to the missionaries serving under him. One of them, future apostle and church president
357:. Joseph was among the first Latter-day Saints from Utah to travel to the eastern United States to seek higher education. He studied at the 1928: 407:
members of the U. S. Bureau of Mines. Breakthroughs in understanding of the flotation process, cyanide extraction process, of radium (by
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from 1928 to 1933. Prior to his service as commissioner, he played a significant role in the creation of the LDS Church's "released time"
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History of Granite Seminary, comp. Charles Coleman and Dwight Jones, unpublished manuscript, 1933, MS 2237, Church Archives, LDS Church.
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and the Church General Board of Education to secure the necessary funding and legal rights to open an LDS seminary next to
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from the LDS Church to Utah. In Arizona, Gila College was also transferred to the state and was later renamed
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Upon his return to Utah, in 1893, Merrill began teaching physics and assisting in chemistry at the
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of the LDS Church. In 1911, Merrill was called to serve in the presidency of the Granite Utah
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Students at Assay Lab, School of Mines, University of Utah, 1901. Merrill at right
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under his leadership. In 1931, while still serving as commissioner, Merrill was
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Merrill served as an apostle until his death in 1952 in Salt Lake City from
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In 1898, Merrill married Annie Laura Hyde, the daughter of Alonzo Hyde and
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Merrill took over the development of the first institute program at
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Term ended by removal of apostleship; was later excommunicated.
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Joseph F. Merrill, "A New Institution in Religious Education,"
276:(August 24, 1868 – February 3, 1952) was a member of the 617:"Joseph F. Merrill and the Transformation of Church Education" 672:. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. pp. passim. 774:
Ward H. Magleby, "1926 – Another Beginning, Moscow Idaho,"
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system. His tenure as commissioner also saw creation of the
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Ward H. Magleby, "1926, Another Beginning, Moscow, Idaho,"
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Gordon B. Hinckley, "Passing of Elder Joseph F. Merrill,"
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A Firm Foundation: Church Organization and Administration
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in the early twentieth century. He served as the sixth
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The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints titles
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Never a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.
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of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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Merrill was buried at 1634: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1616: 670:From the Ground Up, the History of Mining in Utah 460: 282:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1879:Commissioners of Church Education (LDS Church) 438:Upon hearing his wife relate stories from the 1703: 860: 369:; he was the first native Utahn to receive a 96: – February 3, 1952 58: – February 3, 1952 8: 798:Tribute To Merrill by Alice Louise Reynolds 549:When Merrill left Utah in 1933 to serve as 1710: 1696: 1688: 1570: 867: 853: 845: 806: 324:Merrill while at the University of Deseret 234: 26: 15: 1864:American general authorities (LDS Church) 397:University of Utah College of Engineering 757:A Miracle in Weekday Religious Education 284:(LDS Church) from 1931 until his death. 1671:Term ended by suspension of priesthood. 1606: 1604: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1584: 831:October 8, 1931–February 3, 1952 602: 312:to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. 504:to ensure the successful transfer of 442:she had learned in a class taught by 7: 610: 608: 606: 336:. He was a great-grandson of noted 1874:Burials at Salt Lake City Cemetery 759:, Salt Lake Printing Center, 1988. 571:Grave marker of Joseph F. Merrill. 14: 1719:Commissioners of Church Education 584:. Upon his death, fellow apostle 1859:20th-century Mormon missionaries 293:Commissioner of Church Education 252: 241: 1939:Latter Day Saints from Maryland 1934:Latter Day Saints from Michigan 1889:Mission presidents (LDS Church) 1884:Johns Hopkins University alumni 724:State of Utah Death Certificate 467:Merrill found the right man in 1909:People from Cache County, Utah 1644:Term ended by excommunication. 668:Whitley, Colleen, ed. (2006). 615:Griffiths, Casey Paul (2011). 1: 1914:University of Michigan alumni 1894:Mormon missionaries in Europe 827:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 278:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 44:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 350:, and the son of LDS Church 1929:Latter Day Saints from Utah 475:several unique challenges. 1955: 1924:University of Utah faculty 1904:People from Richmond, Utah 1653:Term ended by resignation. 619:. In Whittaker, David J.; 450:, Merrill worked with the 1919:University of Utah alumni 1726: 1580: 1569: 883: 833: 824: 816: 809: 289:Church Educational System 237: 232: 217:40.7772000°N 111.858000°W 137: 133: 88:October 8, 1931 87: 73: 69: 50:October 8, 1931 49: 38: 34: 25: 629:Religious Studies Center 498:Brigham Young University 367:Johns Hopkins University 802:Relief Society Magazine 591:Salt Lake City Cemetery 518:Eastern Arizona College 222:40.7772000; -111.858000 196:Salt Lake City Cemetery 572: 542: 502:Utah State Legislature 493: 465: 423: 363:University of Michigan 325: 301:Institutes of Religion 274:Joseph Francis Merrill 150:Joseph Francis Merrill 1869:Apostles (LDS Church) 705:, Winter 1968, p. 31. 586:Joseph Fielding Smith 570: 537: 488: 448:University of Chicago 434:Church education role 421: 359:University of Deseret 343:, grandson of church 323: 185:, Utah, United States 755:William E. Berrett, 452:Granite School Board 328:Merrill was born in 248:Biography portal 582:coronary thrombosis 456:Granite High School 413:Antoine Marc Gaudin 388:of the LDS Church. 355:Marriner W. Merrill 348:Joseph C. Kingsbury 259:LDS movement portal 213: /  729:2011-07-18 at the 573: 562:Gordon B. Hinckley 424: 393:University of Utah 326: 1836: 1835: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1680: 843: 842: 837:Charles A. Callis 834:Succeeded by 545:Mission president 484:J. Wyley Sessions 428:Annie Taylor Hyde 271: 270: 266: 265: 20:Joseph F. Merrill 1946: 1712: 1705: 1698: 1689: 1672: 1669: 1663: 1660: 1654: 1651: 1645: 1642: 1611: 1608: 1571: 869: 862: 855: 846: 817:Preceded by 807: 743: 740: 734: 721: 715: 712: 706: 699: 693: 690: 684: 683: 665: 659: 658: 612: 444:James E. Talmage 306:Great Depression 261: 257: 256: 255: 246: 245: 244: 235: 228: 227: 225: 224: 223: 218: 214: 211: 210: 209: 206: 192: 179: 176:February 3, 1952 158: 156: 142:Personal details 127:LeGrand Richards 123: 113:Orson F. Whitney 103: 101: 95: 93: 65: 63: 57: 55: 30: 21: 16: 1954: 1953: 1949: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1944: 1943: 1839: 1838: 1837: 1832: 1722: 1716: 1686: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1652: 1648: 1643: 1614: 1609: 1586: 1576: 1565: 1230:J. F. Smith Jr. 1098:J. F. Smith Sr. 879: 873: 839: 830: 822: 820:John A. Widtsoe 794: 784:Improvement Era 768:Improvement Era 752: 747: 746: 741: 737: 731:Wayback Machine 722: 718: 714:Magleby, 31-33. 713: 709: 700: 696: 691: 687: 680: 667: 666: 662: 639: 631:. p. 379. 627:. Provo, Utah: 621:Garr, Arnold K. 614: 613: 604: 599: 578: 547: 482:. Working with 469:Thomas J. 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Hinckley 1281: 1275: 1269: 1263: 1257: 1251: 1245: 1242:S. L. Richards 1239: 1233: 1227: 1221: 1215: 1209: 1206:G. F. Richards 1203: 1197: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1170:A. O. Woodruff 1167: 1161: 1155: 1149: 1143: 1137: 1131: 1125: 1119: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1095: 1089: 1083: 1077: 1071: 1065: 1059: 1056:F. D. Richards 1053: 1047: 1041: 1035: 1029: 1023: 1017: 1011: 1005: 999: 993: 987: 981: 975: 969: 963: 957: 951: 945: 939: 933: 927: 921: 915: 909: 908:(unknown–1837) 903: 897: 891: 884: 881: 880: 874: 872: 871: 864: 857: 849: 841: 840: 835: 832: 823: 818: 814: 813: 805: 804: 793: 792:External links 790: 789: 788: 779: 778:, Winter 1968. 772: 763: 760: 751: 748: 745: 744: 735: 716: 707: 694: 685: 678: 660: 637: 601: 600: 598: 595: 577: 574: 546: 543: 514:Dixie Colleges 440:Book of Mormon 435: 432: 409:Samuel C. 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R. Ballard 1462: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1308:S. W. Kimball 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1266:J. F. Merrill 1264: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1254:M. J. Ballard 1252: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1146:M. W. 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Q. Cannon 1265: 1164:M. F. Cowley 1158:A. H. Cannon 1140:J. W. Taylor 1092:B. Young Jr. 1080:G. Q. Cannon 954:Luke Johnson 924:B. Young Sr. 825: 782: 775: 766: 756: 738: 719: 710: 702: 697: 688: 669: 663: 624: 579: 548: 538: 534: 530: 526: 494: 489: 477: 473: 466: 461: 437: 425: 405: 401: 390: 327: 286: 273: 272: 250:   178:(1952-02-03) 1854:1952 deaths 1849:1868 births 1811:(1992–2004) 1733:(1888–1901) 1484:(1994–2017) 1478:(1988–2015) 1472:(1986–2008) 1466:(1985–2023) 1448:(1981–2004) 1442:(1978–2007) 1436:(1976–2004) 1430:(1974–2015) 1412:(1970–2015) 1400:(1963–2018) 1388:(1961–2008) 1350:L. Richards 1248:R. R. Lyman 1194:G. A. Smith 1188:H. M. Smith 1178:(1898–1943) 1172:(1897–1904) 1166:(1897–1911) 1154:(1889–1921) 1148:(1889–1906) 1142:(1884–1911) 1136:(1882–1945) 1134:H. J. Grant 1130:(1882–1907) 1124:(1880–1911) 1122:J. H. Smith 1118:(1880–1916) 1116:F. M. Lyman 1112:(1879–1909) 1100:(1866–1918) 1094:(1864–1903) 1086:J. A. Young 1082:(1860–1901) 1076:(1855–1924) 1074:J. W. Young 1062:J. M. Grant 1046:(1849–1901) 1026:A. M. Lyman 1008:W. Richards 1002:G. A. Smith 996:W. Woodruff 948:P. P. Pratt 220: / 1843:Categories 1104:Carrington 750:References 647:2011001168 576:Later life 316:Early life 155:1868-08-24 100:1952-02-03 92:1931-10-08 79:LDS Church 62:1952-02-03 54:1931-10-08 1823:(2008–15) 1817:(2004–08) 1805:(1986–89) 1799:(1980–86) 1793:(1976–80) 1787:(1970–76) 1781:(1953–70) 1779:Wilkinson 1775:(1936–53) 1769:(1934–36) 1763:(1928–33) 1757:(1921–24) 1751:(1920–21) 1745:(1905–20) 1739:(1901–05) 1536:Stevenson 1424:(1972–85) 1418:(1971–94) 1406:(1967–77) 1394:(1962–82) 1382:(1959–95) 1376:(1958–75) 1370:(1954–62) 1364:(1953–71) 1358:(1953–58) 1352:(1952–83) 1346:(1951–88) 1340:(1950–78) 1334:(1947–63) 1328:(1945–53) 1326:M. Cowley 1322:(1944–84) 1316:(1943–94) 1310:(1943–85) 1304:(1941–73) 1298:(1938–43) 1292:(1937–53) 1286:(1934–36) 1280:(1934–61) 1274:(1933–47) 1268:(1931–52) 1262:(1921–52) 1256:(1919–39) 1250:(1918–43) 1244:(1917–59) 1238:(1911–33) 1232:(1910–72) 1226:(1907–34) 1220:(1906–70) 1214:(1906–31) 1208:(1906–50) 1202:(1904–25) 1196:(1903–51) 1190:(1901–18) 1184:(1900–41) 1160:(1889–96) 1106:(1870–85) 1088:(1864–75) 1070:(1857–91) 1064:(1854–56) 1058:(1849–99) 1052:(1849–88) 1040:(1849–83) 1034:(1846–69) 1028:(1842–67) 1022:(1841–44) 1016:(1841–48) 1010:(1840–54) 1004:(1839–75) 998:(1839–98) 992:(1838–87) 990:J. Taylor 986:(1838–46) 980:(1835–38) 974:(1835–37) 968:(1835–81) 962:(1835–45) 960:Wm. Smith 956:(1835–37) 950:(1835–57) 944:(1835–38) 938:(1835–78) 932:(1835–68) 926:(1835–77) 920:(1835–38) 914:(1835–39) 902:(1829–38) 896:(1829–38) 890:(1829–44) 655:697808316 551:president 379:Ann Arbor 375:president 345:Patriarch 111:Death of 1743:Cummings 1524:Andersen 1500:Uchtdorf 1470:Wirthlin 1422:McConkie 1320:Petersen 1128:Teasdale 1110:Thatcher 1020:H. Smith 966:O. Pratt 942:McLellin 888:J. Smith 876:Apostles 727:Archived 623:(eds.). 555:European 330:Richmond 297:seminary 162:Richmond 129:ordained 1829:(2015–) 1821:Johnson 1803:Cameron 1791:Holland 1785:Maxwell 1767:Widtsoe 1761:Merrill 1755:Widtsoe 1562:(2023–) 1556:(2018–) 1550:(2018–) 1544:(2015–) 1542:Renlund 1538:(2015–) 1532:(2015–) 1530:Rasband 1526:(2009–) 1520:(2008–) 1514:(2007–) 1508:(2004–) 1502:(2004–) 1496:(1995–) 1490:(1994–) 1488:Holland 1460:(1984–) 1454:(1984–) 1446:Maxwell 1356:Bennion 1338:Stapley 1260:Widtsoe 1236:Talmage 1212:Whitney 1200:Penrose 1176:Clawson 1050:E. Snow 1044:L. Snow 972:Boynton 900:Whitmer 894:Cowdery 800:in the 787:, 1938. 558:Mission 553:of the 377:of the 352:apostle 98: ( 90: ( 82:Apostle 60: ( 52: ( 1809:Eyring 1797:Eyring 1737:Tanner 1731:Maeser 1560:Kearon 1554:Soares 1506:Bednar 1494:Eyring 1452:Nelson 1434:Haight 1416:Ashton 1410:Packer 1398:Monson 1392:Tanner 1380:Hunter 1368:Morris 1344:Romney 1314:Benson 1272:Callis 1032:Benson 918:Patten 906:Harris 776:Impact 703:Impact 676:  653:  645:  635:  382:Branch 365:, and 361:, the 310:called 108:Reason 1827:Clark 1749:McKay 1575:Notes 1482:Hales 1476:Scott 1440:Faust 1428:Perry 1374:Brown 1362:Evans 1332:Moyle 1290:Bowen 1278:Clark 1224:Ivins 1218:McKay 1182:Smoot 1068:Wells 1014:Wight 912:Marsh 597:Notes 506:Weber 386:Stake 1815:Kerr 1773:West 1548:Gong 1512:Cook 1458:Oaks 1404:Dyer 1152:Lund 1038:Rich 984:Page 936:Hyde 674:ISBN 651:OCLC 643:LCCN 633:ISBN 512:and 510:Snow 371:Ph.D 173:Died 147:Born 1302:Lee 280:of 1845:: 1615:^ 1587:^ 649:. 641:. 605:^ 593:. 508:, 332:, 164:, 1711:e 1704:t 1697:v 868:e 861:t 854:v 733:. 682:. 657:. 157:) 153:( 102:) 94:) 64:) 56:)

Index


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