241:"For the one political cause to which this friend of the common man devoted the most time, money and sheer fervor for more than twenty years was the movement to restrict immigration." Lee was the primary financial underwriter for the Immigration Restriction League, which conducted meetings regularly at his home. Lee "feared that 'all Europe might soon be 'drained of Jew--to its benefit no doubt but not ours.' And in a letter to one of his closest associates he declared that the Catholic Church is a great evil'; revealed his fear that the United States might 'become a Dago nation'; and needed only six words to explain the necessary preventive strategy: 'I believe in exclusion by race.'" He paid the salary of James H. Patten, a League lobbyist who believed in supporting the so-called
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191:(March 8, 1862 – July 28, 1937) was a wealthy Bostonian who trained as a lawyer but never practiced law, and is considered the "founder of the playground movement". He was a social worker, author, and philanthropist. Lee believed that community life could be strengthened by playgrounds and play. Lee was also a proponent of
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Lee's anti-immigration activism was linked with his campaigns for playgrounds. In the view of the
Playground Association of America, an organization of which Lee was president from 1910 to 1937, promoting play for children of immigrants was a way to make them more American. However, as an immigration
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In 1897, Lee married
Margaret Cabot. They had four children. Margaret Cabot Lee died in 1920 and Lee remarried his secretary, Margsion Snow, in 1930. Lee's daughter, Susan Lee, was active in her father's work and later served as vice-president of the
223:, helped establish the Massachusetts Committee to Further Outdoor Recreation and the Boston Board of Recreation and served as chairman of the Boston Park Commission and Boston School Committee.
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of 1921, Lee wrote to Lodge, "I don't know why we shouldn't discriminate, but if it is a sin, I think the proper thing would be to suspend all immigration."
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During the first World War he served as president of the War Camp
Community Service for the U.S. Army. For this service he was decorated with the
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The
Guarded Gate: Bigotry, Eugenics and the Law That Kept Two Generations of Jews, Italians, and Other European Immigrants Out of America
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Glassberg, David (1980). "Restoring a "Forgotten
Childhood": American Play and the Progressive Era's Elizabethan Past".
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Hardy, Stephen; Ingham, Alan G. (1983). "Games, Structures, and Agency: Historians on the
American Play Movement".
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Mobily, Kenneth E. (March 15, 2021). "Immigration
Restriction, 'Americanization' and the Playground Movement".
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restrictionist, Lee sometimes opposed assimilation of immigrants in favor of excluding them entirely.
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Marsden, K. Gerald (March 1961). "Philanthropy and the Boston
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This article is about the recreation advocate. For other people named Joseph Lee, see
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and served as its president from 1897 to 1937. He was an active officer in the
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Profiles in leadership: Robert W. Crawford
Recreation and Park Hall of Fame
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Hartsoe, Charles; Sanders, M. Douglas; Bridgers, Meredith, eds. (2009).
804:"Joseph Lee (1862-1937) Biography: "Father of the Playground Movement""
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Mallach, Stanley (1986). "Lee, Joseph". In
Trattner, Walter I. (ed.).
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The Legacy of Malthus: The Social Costs of the New Scientific Racism
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from 1905 until his death in 1937. He served as president of the
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Lee was among the first recipients of the Boy Scouts of America
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Ancestors and Immigrants: A Changing New England Tradition
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Biographical Dictionary of Social Welfare in America
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744:. Champaign, Illinois: Sagamore Publishing.
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452:War Department General Order No. 73, 1919.
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465:. Library: Collection Guides: Joseph Lee
207:Joseph Lee was born on March 8, 1862, in
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
217:National Recreation and Park Association
39:This article includes a list of general
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339:. July 28, 1937. p. 6 – via
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262:Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
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623:Solomon, Barbara Miller (1989).
463:Massachusetts Historical Society
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236:National Recreation Association
855:Critics of the Catholic Church
665:Butler, George Daniel (1965).
232:Immigration Restriction League
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667:Pioneers in Public Recreation
633:Northeastern University Press
572:10.1080/11745398.2019.1683460
498:University of Illinois Press
21:Joseph Lee (disambiguation)
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560:Annals of Leisure Research
228:Massachusetts Civic League
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840:Harvard Law School alumni
713:Journal of Social History
331:"Joseph Lee Passes Away"
308:"Harvard's eugenics era"
209:Brookline, Massachusetts
114:Brookline, Massachusetts
276:Cohasset, Massachusetts
133:Cohasset, Massachusetts
60:more precise citations.
810:on September 26, 2006.
835:Activists from Boston
761:Social Service Review
488:Chase, Allan (1980).
725:10.1353/jsh/17.2.285
606:Simon & Schuster
316:. February 19, 2016.
269:Silver Buffalo Award
850:Writers from Boston
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251:Emergency Quota Act
684:American Quarterly
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157:Harvard Law School
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441:Mobily 2021
429:Okrent 2019
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369:Okrent 2019
295:Okrent 2019
219:. His son,
141:Nationality
58:introducing
819:Categories
405:Chase 1980
282:References
203:Background
189:Joseph Lee
106:1862-03-08
94:Joseph Lee
41:references
789:145657104
588:211418049
580:1174-5398
271:in 1926.
264:in 1919.
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193:eugenics
177:Children
144:American
66:May 2015
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746:ISBN
671:OCLC
647:OCLC
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610:ISBN
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