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Leon Smith is variously referred to as lieutenant, captain, major, colonel, and commodore by different sources. While referred to by
Magruder as a commissioned officer and recommended for a formal commission, Smith never actually entered navy or army service. De facto, as "Commander, Marine
635:
Some later sources state this as his naval academy graduation date and entry to service, a mistake which probably arises from the evolution of the term midshipman in the later 19th century to a naval academy cadet. Passed midshipman, at the time, was an actual United States Navy
603:
Some post-war sources (as well as his gravestone) refer to him as captain. However his actual
Confederate rank was commander, as listed in the January 1864 Confederate naval register, with sources covering wartime service stating he held that rank from
456:, recommended that the navy relinquish control. Barney later explained that he made his recommendation since he considered that the presence of two separate marine forces with independent commanders would lead to discord and confusion.
452:, though it was later used in this capacity. Following discussions with Magruder, who was not willing to relinquish controls of the cottonclads, Barney conceded the appointment, and in a letter to Confederate Naval Secretary
976:
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253:
27:
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646:
Department of Texas", he was in charge of all or most marine operations in the area of Texas under
General Magruder's control, commanding several vessels.
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449:
440:, an army volunteer and steamboat captain, who had played a role in capturing the ship, having been placed in command of the ship by Major General
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237:, with whom he had one daughter before her death in 1848. He married a second time in 1858 to Anne (Nannie) Seddon Dornin, daughter of
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939:
Register of the
Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty
481:
He returned to the United States following the war, and took the Oath of
Allegiance to the U.S. Constitution in September 1865.
513:
952:
552:
988:
964:
509:
97:
1189:
437:
415:'s guns were considered the main factor in repulsing the enemy ships. Following the battle, he received praise from the
614:
561:. Office of Naval Records and Library United States Navy Department. Mattituck, NY: J.M. Carroll & Company. 1983.
404:
185:
691:
746:
730:
582:
257:
1165:
426:
In early 1863, Barney was briefly assigned command of naval operations in
Galveston, including the revenue cutter
1166:
Day, James M. (1965) "Leon Smith: Confederate
Mariner," East Texas Historical Journal: Vol. 3: Iss. 1, Article 7.
1030:
537:
490:
1025:
512:. His wife played a role in fundraising for a Confederate memorial in Fredericksburg as secretary of the city's
762:
494:
427:
242:
63:
923:
Army and Navy
Chronicle, and Scientific Repository: Being a Continuation of Homans' "Army and Navy Chronicle."
1289:
1205:
1331:
1064:
366:
202:
180:
129:
32:
Commander Joseph
Nicholson Barney. Picture appeared as part of a composite of CSS Florida with crew members.
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670:
Register of the
Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the Confederate States, January 1, 1864
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460:
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498:
285:
626:
At the time, the United States Navy was using ranks similar to early 19th century Royal Navy ranks.
433:
358:
Barney was appointed a lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy on July 2, 1861. He commanded the
306:
245:, aged 81, on June 16, 1899, after a month-long illness. His second wife died on October 11, 1913.
497:
in 1874. Barney was active in the insurance business there until retiring in 1895. He was also an
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Letterbook of Joseph Nicholson Barney, Special Collections Branch, United States Naval Academy
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376:, during which he captured two brigs and an Accomac schooner off Newport News Point while the
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fleet". The ship was also considered by the navy to be too slow and inefficient to become a
441:
317:
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350:. Upon returning to the United States on June 6, he resigned his commission the same day.
261:
272:
He entered a naval academy in 1832 and received a warrant in the United States Navy as a
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Barney was sent to Europe in spring 1863. He assumed command of the Confederate raider
281:
249:
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359:
226:
159:
85:
407:, in which Confederate shore batteries drove off a Union Navy force heading towards
280:
in 1841, the first of 22 passed by the board of examination. By 1843, he was acting
140:
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225:
and Elizabeth Nicholson Hindman and the grandson of United States Navy Commodore
396:
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273:
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1001:
Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy
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put to sea. From 1864 to 1865, he was a Confederate naval agent in Europe.
548:
234:
67:
47:
989:
San Francisco Ship Passenger Lists Vol. II [1850–1851], Volume 2
1118:
Capital Navy: The Men, Ships and Operations of the James River Squadron
1013:
Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy
1190:
High Seas Confederate: The Life and Times of John Newland Maffitt
617:
in Annapolis. However, the Naval Academy was founded in 1845.
241:, with whom he had eight children. He died at his home in
1134:
Battle on the Bay: The Civil War Struggle for Galveston
474:, but had to be detached due to ill health before the
229:. He married Eliza Jacobs Rogers on June 9, 1846, in
942:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1854. p. 36.
520:
led the unveiling ceremony of the monument in 1891.
444:
and in control of additional ships improvised as a "
260:(1936–1943) and first Marine to achieve the rank of
1206:
The Confederate Soldier in the Civil War, 1861–1865
559:
Register of Officers of the Confederate States Navy
176:
155:
135:
103:
73:
53:
37:
18:
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613:This is incorrectly stated by many sources as the
387:'s attention. After the Confederate evacuation of
665:
663:
549:Joseph Nicholson Barney Log and Diary, 1839–1852
436:. However the ship was already under command of
916:
914:
508:Barney and his wife were active in activities
743:Naval Officers Their Heredity and Development
489:After the Civil War ended, Barney retired to
8:
1387:People of Maryland in the American Civil War
726:
724:
221:in about 1818, the son of U.S. Congressman
1180:, John Eicher & David Eicher, page 893
879:Monocle, Volume 17, Number 9, 2 March 1944
841:"Widow of Late Capt. J. N. Barney is Dead"
26:
15:
907:. William Ogden Niles. 1841. p. 291.
731:Genealogy of the Barney family in America
516:, which funded the monument. Joseph and
466:in September 1863, relieving the ailing
1106:The CSS Virginia: Sink Before Surrender
749:and Mary Theresa Scudder, 1919, page 39
659:
596:
510:promoting the memory of the Confederacy
197:(c. 1818 – June 16, 1899) was a career
1138:. University of Texas Press. pp.
745:, Carnegie Institution of Washington,
733:, Eugene Dimon Preston, 1990, page 902
574:
201:officer (1835–1861) who served in the
1238:British Ships in the Confederate Navy
890:The Naval Magazine, Volume 2, Issue 3
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
7:
1252:, David Dixon Porter, 1886, page 814
757:
755:
1084:, July 19, 1861. Richmond Dispatch
904:Niles' National Register, Volume 60
334:. In 1861, at the beginning of the
1382:Confederate States Navy commanders
1250:The Naval History of the Civil War
1208:, Benjamin La Bree, 1897, page 434
14:
1392:Military personnel from Baltimore
977:Niles' Weekly Register, Volume 58
965:Army and Navy Chronicle, Volume 6
926:. Wm. Q. Force. 1843. p. 93.
1350:
1311:
1265:The Civil War Naval Encyclopedia
1047:
864:
825:
784:
711:
530:
146:
139:
122:
110:
90:
78:
1218:The Confederate Navy in Europe
1130:Cotham, Edward Terrel (1998).
1065:"Resignation of Navy Officers"
553:Southern Historical Collection
1:
1268:. ABC-CLIO. p. 51; 191.
1240:, Joseph McKenna, pages 27 44
1096:, John V. Quarstein, page 104
849:. October 12, 1913. p. 2
802:"Death of Capt. J. N. Barney"
369:, the famous battle with the
953:The Naval Magazine, Volume 1
514:Ladies' Memorial Association
1397:United States Navy officers
1220:, Warren F. Spencer, 1997,
1094:The Battle of the Ironclads
615:United States Naval Academy
470:, and oversaw her refit at
1413:
1335:. June 10, 1891. p. 6
1296:. June 12, 1890. p. 3
810:. June 17, 1899. p. 9
771:. June 18, 1899. p. 2
747:Charles Benedict Davenport
698:. June 18, 1899. p. 7
395:was scuttled to block the
338:, he held the position of
298:His postings included the
258:United States Marine Corps
1034:. June 7, 1861. p. 3
1031:The Burlington Free Press
1026:"This Morning's War News"
991:, Louis J. Rasmussen, 185
538:American Civil War portal
491:Powhatan County, Virginia
276:in 1835, was promoted to
25:
1262:Tucker, Spencer (2011).
1120:, John M. Coski, page 41
763:"Captain Barney's Death"
692:"Capt. Joseph N. Barney"
405:Battle of Drewry's Bluff
243:Fredericksburg, Virginia
213:Personal life and family
1332:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
1178:Civil War High Commands
1082:Joined the Confederates
367:Battle of Hampton Roads
354:Confederate States Navy
203:Confederate States Navy
195:Joseph Nicholson Barney
181:Battle of Hampton Roads
130:Confederate States Navy
20:Joseph Nicholson Barney
581:: CS1 maint: others (
325:Norfolk Naval Shipyard
239:Thomas Aloysius Dornin
291:. He was promoted to
144:Lieutenant, U.S. Navy
979:, 244, June 20, 1840
468:John Newland Maffitt
419:and was promoted to
417:Confederate Congress
403:. In the subsequent
151:Commander, C.S. Navy
1196:, pages 57, 85, 102
1108:, John V. Quarstein
503:Presbyterian Church
493:, before moving to
434:Battle of Galveston
217:Barney was born in
1327:"Confederate Dead"
1069:The New York Times
696:The New York Times
518:Bradley T. Johnson
432:, captured in the
336:American Civil War
268:United States Navy
207:American Civil War
199:United States Navy
118:United States Navy
98:Confederate States
1294:The Tuskegee News
1275:978-1-59884-338-5
807:The Baltimore Sun
348:Mediterranean Sea
278:passed midshipman
231:New Castle County
192:
191:
183:, March 8–9, 1862
61:(aged 80–81)
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1290:"Special Appeal"
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442:John B. Magruder
340:first lieutenant
172:(September 1863)
165:CSS Harriet Lane
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1228:, pages 167–168
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1071:. June 7, 1861.
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454:Stephen Mallory
450:blockade runner
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1345:Newspapers.com
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859:Newspapers.com
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781:Newspapers.com
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708:Newspapers.com
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495:Fredericksburg
486:
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401:Drewry's Bluff
355:
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269:
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250:Thomas Holcomb
214:
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190:
189:
188:(May 15, 1862)
186:Drewry's Bluff
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64:Fredericksburg
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472:Brest, France
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248:His grandson
246:
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227:Joshua Barney
224:
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212:
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209:(1861–1865).
208:
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160:CSS Jamestown
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86:United States
76:
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49:
45:
40:
36:
29:
24:
17:
1372:1810s births
1343:– via
1337:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1304:– via
1298:. Retrieved
1293:
1284:
1264:
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1245:
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1213:
1201:
1185:
1173:
1161:
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1113:
1101:
1089:
1077:
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1059:
1042:– via
1036:. Retrieved
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1008:
996:
984:
972:
960:
948:
938:
932:
922:
903:
897:
885:
874:
857:– via
851:. Retrieved
844:
835:
818:– via
812:. Retrieved
805:
796:
779:– via
773:. Retrieved
766:
738:
706:– via
700:. Retrieved
695:
641:
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622:
609:
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507:
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429:Harriet Lane
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247:
216:
194:
193:
177:Battles/wars
59:(1899-06-16)
57:16 June 1899
1377:1899 deaths
846:Daily Press
397:James River
365:during the
344:Susquehanna
342:on the USS
331:Susquehanna
223:John Barney
170:CSS Florida
162:(1861–1862)
1366:Categories
1339:August 15,
1300:August 15,
1194:Shingleton
1038:August 15,
853:August 15,
814:August 15,
775:August 15,
702:August 15,
672:, page 106
654:References
485:Later life
446:cottonclad
438:Leon Smith
385:Union Navy
293:lieutenant
274:midshipman
254:Commandant
74:Allegiance
1168:, page 40
577:cite book
421:commander
413:Jamestown
393:Jamestown
383:held the
371:USS
362:Jamestown
314:Vincennes
295:in 1847.
288:Vincennes
219:Baltimore
44:Baltimore
1192:, Royce
524:See also
409:Richmond
380:Virginia
309:Columbia
235:Delaware
156:Commands
104:Service/
68:Virginia
48:Maryland
1154:barney.
501:in the
476:Florida
463:Florida
389:Norfolk
373:Monitor
346:in the
302:Potomac
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591:Notes
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583:link
563:ISBN
461:CSS
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