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398:. Many of these depictions show the giant cutting the fishing line; on the Altuna stone, Thor is alone, implying he successfully killed the serpent. The Ardre VIII stone may depict more than one stage in the events: a man entering a house where an ox is standing, two men leaving, one with something on his shoulder, and two men using a spear to fish. The image on this stone has been dated to the 8th to 10th century. If the stone is correctly interpreted as a depiction of this myth, it would indicate that the story was preserved essentially unchanged for several centuries prior to the recording of the version in the
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214:. The prefix "jǫrmun-" denotes something huge, vast, or superhuman. The word "gandr" can mean a variety of things in Old Norse, but mainly refers to elongated entities and or supernatural beings. Gandr can refer to, among other things: snake, fjord, river, staff, cane, mast, penis, bind, and the like (mainly in "supernatural" or "living" senses). The term "Jörmungandr" therefore has several possible meanings in connection with its mythology, such as: "the vast serpent", "the vast river" (a synonym for the sea where he dwells), "the vast staff or stick" (a connection to the world tree
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342:. When Hymir refuses to provide Thor with bait, Thor strikes the head off Hymir's largest ox to use it. They row to a point where Hymir often sat and caught flatfish and where he drew up two whales. Thor demands to go further out to sea and does so despite Hymir's protest. Thor then prepares a strong line and a large hook and baits it with the ox head, which Jörmungandr bites. Thor pulls the serpent from the water, and the two face one another, Jörmungandr blowing
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the floor. Útgarða-Loki later explains his deception and that Thor's lifting the cat was an impressive deed, as he had stretched the serpent so that it had almost reached the sky. Many watching became fearful when they saw one paw lift off the ground. If Thor had managed to lift the cat completely from the ground, he would have altered the boundaries of the universe.
461:, and has also been related to a Balto-Slavic motif of the storm god combatting a serpent. An alternative analysis of the episode by Preben Meulengracht Sørensen is that it was a youthful indiscretion on the part of Thor, retold to emphasize the order and balance of the cosmos, in which Jörmungandr played a vital role.
313:
and has to perform deeds for him, one of which is a challenge of Thor's strength. Útgarða-Loki goads Thor into attempting to lift the World
Serpent, disguised by magic as a huge cat. Thor grabs the cat around its midsection but manages to raise the cat only high enough for one of its paws to leave
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Ivanov, Vjaceslav V.; Toporov, Vladimir N.; Karvovski, A. (trans.) (1970). "Le mythe indo-européen du dieu de l'orage poursuivant le serpent: réconstruction du schéma". In
Pouillon, Jean; Maranda, Pierre (eds.).
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is the violent unrest of the sea as Jörmungandr releases its tail from its mouth. The sea will flood and the serpent will thrash onto the land. It will advance, spraying poison to fill the air and water, beside
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paces, having been poisoned by the serpent's deadly venom. Thor's final battle with Jörmungandr has been identified, with other scenes of Ragnarök, on the
Gosforth Cross.
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130:. As a result of it surrounding Midgard (the Earth) it is referred to as the World Serpent. Jörmungandr releasing its tail is one of the signs of the beginning of
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437:. Here is where the last meeting between the serpent and Thor is predicted to occur. He will eventually kill Jörmungandr but will fall dead after walking
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to kill the serpent, the giant cuts the line, leaving the serpent to sink beneath the waves and return to its original position encircling the earth. The
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274:, "father of the sea-thread", is used as a kenning for Loki. There are also several image stones depicting the story of Thor fishing for Jörmungandr.
174:). The serpent Jörmungandr was tossed into the great ocean that encircles Midgard. There the serpent grew so large that it was able to surround the
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Kopár, Lilla (2018) . "Eddic poetry and the imagery of stone monuments". In
Larrington, Carolyne; Quinn, Judy; Schorn, Brittany (eds.).
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218:), as well as "the vast bind" (the serpent's coiling around the world, biting its own tail, symbolising the world's circle of life).
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961:; Williams, Kirsten (trans.) (2002). "Þorr's Fishing Expedition (Hymiskviða)". In Acker, Paul; Larrington, Carolyne (eds.).
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945:. Oslo: The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture; Norwegian University Press. pp. 270–71.
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1198:Échanges et communications: mélanges offerts à Claude Lévi-Strauss à l'occasion de son 60ème anniversaire
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Thor's fishing for Jörmungandr has been taken as one of the similarities between him and the Hindu god
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Meulengracht Sørensen, Preben; Williams, Kirsten (trans.) (1986). "Þorr's
Fishing Expedition". In
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Jörmungandr rising to the ox head bait, from the 17th-century
Icelandic manuscript AM 738 4to
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Jörmungandr has made a variety of appearances in popculture media. Some notable examples include:
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Thor fishing for the
Midgard Serpent in an illustration from an 18th-century Icelandic manuscript
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in Norse mythology, where an enemy of the gods is bound but destined to break free at Ragnarök.
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1176:. Mythes et religions (in French). Vol. 29. Presses universitaires de France. p. 24.
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1200:. Studies in general anthropology (in French). Vol. 2. Mouton. pp. 1180–1206.
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has a similar ending to the story, but in earlier
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Words and
Objects: Towards a Dialogue Between Archaeology and History of Religion
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draws a parallel between Jörmungandr's biting of its own tail and the binding of
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There are three preserved myths detailing Thor's encounters with Jörmungandr:
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1386:. Woodbridge, Suffolk / Rochester, New York: D.S. Brewer. p. 179.
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Jörmungandr and Thor meet again when Thor goes fishing with the giant
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Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of
Central and Northern Europe
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895:(4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 302–03.
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Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia
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Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs
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A Handbook to Eddic Poetry: Myths and Legends of Early Scandinavia
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This article is about the sea serpent in Norse mythology. For the
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Jörmungandr is said to be the middle child of the trickster god
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1150:. History of Religions. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 104.
1218:
Meulengracht Sørensen (1986) p. 272, (2002) p. 132.
1111:
Meulengracht Sørensen (1986) p. 269, (2002) p. 130.
1029:
Meulengracht Sørensen (1986) p. 260, (2002) p. 123.
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was named after the mythological sea serpent. The official
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Thor's fishing for Jörmungandr was one of the most popular
194:, Thor and Jörmungandr will fight each other to the death.
1043:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 203–08.
525:– Jörmungandr is a mainstay character in the video games
1073:
Gods, Heroes, & Kings: The Battle for Mythic Britain
841:
839:
2293:
people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend
515:– Jörmungandr makes an appearance in season six of the
1316:"Vikings Season 6: What The Giant Serpent Creature Is"
226:
The major sources for myths about Jörmungandr are the
166:, and the serpent Jörmungandr – and removed them from
1241:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 82–83.
996:"Two of Þórr's Great Fights according to Hymiskviða"
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Fornvännen. Journal of Swedish Antiquarian Research
178:and grasp its own tail. The old Norse thunder-god,
122:
who dwells in the world sea, encircling the Earth (
158:took Loki's three children by Angrboða – the wolf
967:. London / New York: Routledge. pp. 130–31.
182:, has an on-going feud with Jörmungandr in their
1382:; Hall, Angela (trans.) (2000) . "Jǫrmungandr".
802:
800:
346:. Hymir goes pale with fear. As Thor grabs his
254:. Other sources include the early skaldic poem
42:. For the extinct genus of recumbirostran, see
964:The Poetic Edda: Essays on Old Norse Mythology
1416:
914:
912:
891:Thury, Eva M.; Devinney, Margaret K. (2017).
737:
735:
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378:that are believed to depict the myth are the
206:is a poetic title and consists of the prefix
8:
126:) and biting his own tail, an example of an
3145:
1445:Mythological Norse people, items and places
1346:"God of War: Ragnarok: Who is Jormungandr?"
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1105:
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2710:
1471:
1423:
1409:
1401:
2243:List of figures in Germanic heroic legend
1062:
1060:
1025:
1023:
46:. For the extinct genus of mosasaur, see
297:lifts Jormungandr, disguised as a cat. (
264:in other skaldic poems; for example, in
54:
1076:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
729:
541:
881:ch. xlvi, xlvii, pp. 65, 67.
859:from the original on 20 September 2020
469:, as part of a recurring theme of the
1356:from the original on 10 December 2022
824:from the original on 14 November 2022
785:from the original on 16 November 2022
433:to confront the gods on the plain of
63:, drawn by the Norwegian illustrator
7:
986:
984:
932:
930:
928:
756:The American-Scandinavian Foundation
326:Thor's fishing trip depicted on the
2303:named weapons, armour and treasures
1314:Tyler, Adrienne (5 December 2020).
3480:Heathenry (new religious movement)
1326:from the original on 26 April 2023
1090:from the original on 13 April 2023
565:Thor Battering the Midgard Serpent
305:In one story, Thor encounters the
25:
1295:from the original on 5 March 2019
1269:from the original on 8 March 2021
504:Popular culture media appearances
134:(the final battle of the world).
3531:Scandinavian legendary creatures
2143:Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri
1384:Dictionary of Northern Mythology
922:ch. xlviii, pp. 68–70.
624:
612:
594:
576:
556:
544:
390:in Denmark, and a stone slab at
1263:"471926 Jormungandr (2013 KN6)"
94:'the Vast 'gand'', see
36:Midgard Serpent (Marvel Comics)
2580:Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán
95:
59:Jörmungandr in the sea during
27:Sea serpent in Norse mythology
1:
959:Meulengracht Sørensen, Preben
3511:Creatures in Norse mythology
1174:Les Dieux des Indo-Européens
1133:ch. li, pp. 78–80.
1070:; Leeming, David A. (2001).
584:Thor and the Midgard Serpent
420:, one sign of the coming of
394:by the same sculptor as the
317:
114:), is an unfathomably large
38:. For the manga series, see
2650:Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr
330:, one of the few confirmed
186:and the two can be seen as
3567:
3317:Festivals and holy periods
334:depictions of Jörmungandr.
29:
2585:Nine Mothers of Heimdallr
2298:named animals and plants
1442:
893:Introduction to Mythology
764:ch.LI , p. 109.
746:Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist
410:As recounted in Snorri's
48:Jormungandr walhallaensis
2406:Black elves (Svartálfar)
1144:Turville-Petre, E. O. G.
1129:Snorri Sturluson (2016)
1003:Leeds Studies in English
918:Snorri Sturluson (1916)
877:Snorri Sturluson (1916)
847:"Gand, seid og åndevind"
817:(in Swedish): 61. 1999.
779:old-icelandic.vercel.app
682:Makara (Hindu mythology)
519:television show Vikings.
414:based on the Eddic poem
3288:Sacred trees and groves
2528:Hamskerpir and Garðrofa
2401:Light elves (Ljósálfar)
1291:. Minor Planet Center.
1265:. Minor Planet Center.
111:
84:
3146:
2396:Dark elves (Dökkálfar)
2045:Narfi (father of Nott)
1009:: 8–10. Archived from
992:Clunies Ross, Margaret
523:God of War (franchise)
493:on 25 September 2018 (
402:around the year 1220.
384:Ardre VIII image stone
335:
302:
68:
3521:Mythological monsters
3506:World-bearing animals
2538:Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi
1817:Sister-wife of Njörðr
1289:"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive"
489:was published by the
325:
293:
98:), also known as the
58:
3308:Wetlands and islands
2428:Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
632:Thor and Jörmungandr
602:The children of Loki
2590:Narfi (son of Loki)
1737:Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr
1068:Fee, Christopher R.
531:God of War Ragnarök
513:Vikings (TV series)
491:Minor Planet Center
318:Thor's fishing trip
148:. According to the
3526:Germanic mythology
3516:Legendary serpents
3236:Religious practice
3210:Old Norse language
2677:Váli (son of Loki)
2565:Líf and Lífthrasir
2473:Árvakr and Alsviðr
2468:Horses of the Æsir
2448:Hati Hróðvitnisson
1589:Váli (son of Odin)
1432:Old Norse religion
702:Python (mythology)
483:471926 Jörmungandr
336:
303:
170:(the world of the
69:
44:Joermungandr bolti
40:Jormungand (manga)
3493:
3492:
3485:Nordic Bronze Age
3475:Germanic paganism
3463:
3462:
3334:Germanic calendar
3298:Temple at Uppsala
3096:
3095:
2700:
2699:
2660:Þjálfi and Röskva
2604:Personifications
1467:and other figures
1050:978-1-316-50129-0
1016:on 28 April 2019.
902:978-0-19-026298-3
748:(trans.) (1916).
634:by Lorenz Frølich
457:slays the dragon
392:Gosforth, Cumbria
93:
16:(Redirected from
3558:
3546:European dragons
3233:
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2918:Grove of fetters
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2418:Fjalar (rooster)
2178:Fjalar and Galar
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1137:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1084:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1013:
998:
990:
989:
982:
975:
957:
953:
939:Steinsland, Gro
936:
935:
926:
917:
910:
903:
890:
889:
885:
876:
872:
862:
860:
856:
849:
845:
844:
837:
827:
825:
821:
810:
808:"Fornvännen 94"
806:
805:
798:
788:
786:
773:
772:
768:
740:
731:
726:
721:
662:Germanic dragon
657:European dragon
642:
635:
629:
620:
617:
608:
599:
590:
581:
572:
561:
552:
549:
540:
517:History Channel
506:
494:
487:naming citation
479:
455:Vedic mythology
447:
408:
386:in Sweden, the
320:
288:
286:Lifting the cat
280:
224:
200:
100:Midgard Serpent
73:Norse mythology
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3564:
3562:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3237:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3166:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3110:Æsir–Vanir War
3106:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2948:Hoddmímis holt
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2782:Körmt and Örmt
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2213:Sons of Ivaldi
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1772:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1559:Móði and Magni
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1469:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1350:spieltimes.com
1337:
1306:
1280:
1254:
1247:
1220:
1211:
1187:
1161:
1135:
1122:
1120:Kopár, p. 208.
1113:
1101:
1082:
1056:
1049:
1031:
1019:
980:
973:
951:
924:
908:
901:
883:
870:
835:
796:
766:
751:The Prose Edda
728:
727:
725:
722:
720:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
672:Lernaean Hydra
669:
667:Horned Serpent
664:
659:
654:
649:
643:
641:
638:
637:
636:
630:
623:
621:
618:
611:
609:
600:
593:
591:
582:
575:
573:
562:
555:
553:
550:
543:
539:
536:
535:
534:
529:from 2018 and
520:
505:
502:
478:
475:
446:
443:
407:
404:
396:Gosforth Cross
376:picture stones
361:skaldic poetry
319:
316:
299:Lorenz Frølich
287:
284:
279:
276:
272:faðir lögseims
223:
220:
199:
196:
162:, the goddess
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3563:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Öndvegissúlur
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3258:Heitstrenging
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:Völsung Cycle
3203:
3201:
3200:Tyrfing Cycle
3198:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:Gesta Danorum
3144:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3120:Fróði's Peace
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2645:Shield-maiden
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2319:Ask and Embla
2317:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1780:Ingunar-Freyr
1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1395:
1393:0-85991-513-1
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:Simek, Rudolf
1377:
1376:
1372:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1307:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1250:
1248:0-19-515382-0
1244:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1089:
1085:
1083:0-19-513479-6
1079:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1012:
1008:
1004:
997:
993:
987:
985:
981:
976:
974:0-8153-1660-7
970:
966:
965:
960:
954:
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471:bound monster
468:
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210:and the word
209:
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104:World Serpent
101:
97:
91:
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78:
74:
66:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
34:version, see
33:
32:Marvel Comics
19:
3551:Sea serpents
3168:
3161:
3154:
3125:Hjaðningavíg
2903:Glæsisvellir
2559:
2443:Gullinbursti
2090:Útgarða-Loki
1484:Almáttki áss
1383:
1373:Bibliography
1360:19 September
1358:. Retrieved
1349:
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1319:
1309:
1297:. Retrieved
1283:
1271:. Retrieved
1257:
1238:
1229:Lindow, John
1223:
1214:
1197:
1190:
1173:
1164:
1147:
1138:
1131:Gylfaginning
1130:
1125:
1116:
1092:. Retrieved
1072:
1040:
1034:
1011:the original
1006:
1002:
963:
942:
920:Gylfaginning
919:
892:
886:
879:Gylfaginning
878:
873:
861:. Retrieved
826:. Retrieved
814:
787:. Retrieved
778:
769:
761:Gylfaginning
759:
754:. New York:
749:
631:
606:Willy Pogany
601:
588:Emil Doepler
583:
570:Henry Fuseli
563:
507:
480:
448:
415:
412:Gylfaginning
411:
409:
399:
388:Hørdum stone
365:
354:
337:
311:Útgarða-Loki
304:
281:
271:
265:
257:Ragnarsdrápa
255:
249:
243:
234:
232:skaldic poem
227:
225:
211:
207:
203:
201:
149:
136:
112:Miðgarðsormr
103:
99:
76:
70:
52:
3283:Reginnaglar
3215:Orthography
3188:Jómsvíkinga
3163:Poetic Edda
3076:Urðarbrunnr
3071:Mímisbrunnr
3003:Singasteinn
2933:Hindarfjall
2913:Gnipahellir
2893:Ginnungagap
2868:Fyrisvellir
2863:Fornsigtuna
2797:Vimur River
2787:Slidr River
2560:Jörmungandr
1970:Hrímgrímnir
1599:Vili and Vé
863:16 November
828:16 November
789:16 November
707:Sea monster
692:Ophiotaurus
463:John Lindow
241:Eddic poems
204:Jǫrmungandr
116:sea serpent
85:Jǫrmungandr
77:Jörmungandr
18:Jormungandr
3500:Categories
3450:Viking Age
3425:Philosophy
3293:Sonargöltr
3178:Runestones
3170:Prose Edda
3115:Fimbulvetr
3066:Hvergelmir
3033:Valaskjálf
2993:Sessrúmnir
2963:Jötunheimr
2938:Hlidskjalf
2928:Himinbjörg
2898:Glaðsheimr
2883:Gastropnir
2838:Bilskirnir
2818:Amsvartnir
2731:Gjallarbrú
2714:Underworld
2670:Landvættir
2570:Loddfáfnir
2548:Svaðilfari
2533:Hófvarpnir
2478:Blóðughófi
2458:Hildisvíni
2334:Aurvandill
2095:Vafþrúðnir
2080:Þrúðgelmir
1940:Harðgreipr
1320:ScreenRant
1299:17 October
1273:17 October
1094:2 December
724:References
604:(1920) by
586:(1905) by
568:(1790) by
533:from 2022.
527:God of War
400:Prose Edda
356:Hymiskviða
352:Eddic poem
332:Viking Age
245:Hymiskviða
239:, and the
228:Prose Edda
151:Prose Edda
3405:Mead hall
3339:Þorrablót
3193:Legendary
3088:Yggdrasil
3048:Víðbláinn
3043:Vanaheimr
3018:Þrymheimr
3013:Þrúðvangr
3008:Þrúðheimr
2978:Munarvágr
2968:Mímameiðr
2943:Hnitbjorg
2858:Fólkvangr
2843:Brávellir
2792:Vadgelmir
2777:Kerlaugar
2746:Niðafjöll
2706:Locations
2682:Valkyries
2630:Sæhrímnir
2518:Gulltoppr
2483:Falhófnir
2381:Einherjar
2364:Landdísir
2198:Mótsognir
2188:Hreiðmarr
2100:Víðblindi
2050:Sökkmímir
2040:Mögþrasir
2000:Hyrrokkin
1965:Hrímgerðr
1960:Hræsvelgr
1950:Helreginn
1945:Helblindi
1865:Bergelmir
1529:Ítreksjóð
1436:mythology
1231:(2002) .
1206:849278587
1182:459390464
1156:460550410
775:"Jörmun-"
697:Ouroboros
677:Leviathan
481:Asteroid
453:, who in
372:Norse art
267:Þórsdrápa
216:Yggdrasil
202:The name
198:Etymology
190:. During
128:ouroboros
108:Old Norse
96:Etymology
81:Old Norse
65:Louis Moe
3468:See also
3390:Hamingja
3344:Vetrnætr
3329:Dísablót
3324:Álfablót
3130:Ragnarök
3038:Valhalla
3028:Útgarðar
2973:Myrkviðr
2958:Járnviðr
2953:Iðavöllr
2873:Gálgviðr
2853:Fensalir
2762:Élivágar
2736:Náströnd
2726:Éljúðnir
2595:Níðhöggr
2543:Sleipnir
2513:Gullfaxi
2413:Fimafeng
2329:Auðumbla
2148:Billingr
2075:Þrívaldi
2060:Suttungr
2015:Járnsaxa
1985:Hrungnir
1915:Gillingr
1910:Geirröðr
1890:Fárbauti
1880:Býleistr
1845:Angrboða
1797:Gullveig
1509:Heimdall
1499:Dellingr
1354:Archived
1330:26 April
1324:Archived
1293:Archived
1267:Archived
1172:(1952).
1146:(1964).
1088:Archived
994:(1989).
854:Archived
819:Archived
783:Archived
687:Níðhöggr
652:Bakunawa
640:See also
445:Analysis
422:Ragnarök
406:Ragnarök
382:and the
262:kennings
236:Húsdrápa
192:Ragnarök
188:archfoes
146:Angrboða
143:giantess
141:and the
132:Ragnarök
67:in 1898.
61:Ragnarök
3420:Numbers
3400:Kenning
3273:Worship
3229:Society
3139:Sources
3058:Vingólf
3053:Vígríðr
3023:Uppsala
2988:Okolnir
2908:Glitnir
2878:Gandvik
2833:Bifröst
2823:Andlang
2741:Niflhel
2687:Völundr
2635:Skírnir
2575:Móðguðr
2371:Dragons
2354:Byggvir
2183:Gandalf
2168:Dvalinn
2138:Andvari
1975:Hrímnir
1930:Gunnlöð
1900:Fornjót
1895:Fjölvar
1875:Bölþorn
1850:Aurboða
1840:Alvaldi
1792:Gersemi
1609:Ásynjur
1514:Hermóðr
1504:Forseti
1454:Deities
941:(ed.).
538:Gallery
431:Muspell
417:Völuspá
374:. Four
278:Stories
251:Völuspá
222:Sources
208:jǫrmun-
124:Midgard
92:
3263:Horses
3102:Events
3083:Ýdalir
3062:Wells
2998:Sindri
2983:Nóatún
2848:Brimir
2813:Asgard
2772:Ífingr
2755:Rivers
2665:Vættir
2523:Gyllir
2433:Fylgja
2423:Fenrir
2376:Draugs
2312:Others
2235:Heroes
2218:Brokkr
2173:Fáfnir
2163:Dúrnir
2158:Durinn
2133:Alvíss
2125:Dwarfs
2110:Vörnir
2020:Laufey
1885:Eggþér
1870:Bestla
1827:Jötnar
1812:Njörðr
1807:Kvasir
1770:Freyja
1722:Snotra
1682:Njörun
1637:Gefjon
1594:Víðarr
1534:Lóðurr
1463:jötnar
1459:dwarfs
1390:
1245:
1204:
1180:
1154:
1080:
1047:
971:
949:
899:
717:Typhon
712:Shesha
498:111804
496:M.P.C.
477:Eponym
467:Fenrir
459:Vritra
435:Vigrid
427:Fenrir
368:motifs
348:hammer
230:, the
168:Asgard
160:Fenrir
3455:Völva
3445:Skald
3440:Seiðr
3435:Runes
3430:Rings
3395:Heiti
3380:Galdr
3375:Félag
3365:Death
3358:Other
3268:Hörgr
3183:Sagas
2923:Heiðr
2888:Gimlé
2828:Barri
2767:Gjöll
2692:Vörðr
2655:Troll
2640:Sköll
2600:Norns
2508:Grani
2503:Glenr
2493:Glaðr
2463:Hjúki
2438:Garmr
2391:Elves
2386:Eldir
2359:Dísir
2339:Beyla
2273:Hi–Hy
2223:Eitri
2208:Regin
2153:Dáinn
2105:Vosud
2085:Þrymr
2065:Þjazi
2055:Surtr
2025:Leikn
1995:Hymir
1990:Hrymr
1980:Hroðr
1955:Hljod
1935:Gymir
1925:Gríðr
1905:Gangr
1855:Baugi
1802:Hnoss
1785:Yngvi
1775:Freyr
1762:Vanir
1742:Þrúðr
1717:Skaði
1712:Sjöfn
1707:Sigyn
1692:Rindr
1677:Nanna
1657:Iðunn
1642:Gerðr
1632:Fulla
1627:Frigg
1554:Mímir
1549:Meili
1524:Hœnir
1494:Bragi
1489:Baldr
1014:(PDF)
999:(PDF)
857:(PDF)
850:(PDF)
822:(PDF)
811:(PDF)
451:Indra
344:atter
340:Hymir
309:king
307:giant
212:gandr
184:epics
176:Earth
3541:Loki
3536:Thor
3385:Goði
3370:Ergi
3349:Yule
3248:Blót
3156:Edda
2618:Nótt
2613:Elli
2608:Dagr
2555:Jörð
2498:Glær
2488:Gísl
2349:Búri
2344:Borr
2324:Auðr
2268:H–He
2193:Litr
2115:Ymir
2070:Þökk
2035:Logi
2030:Litr
1860:Beli
1835:Ægir
1697:Sága
1672:Lofn
1667:Irpa
1662:Ilmr
1652:Hlín
1584:Ullr
1574:Thor
1564:Odin
1544:Máni
1539:Loki
1519:Höðr
1476:Æsir
1434:and
1388:ISBN
1362:2023
1332:2023
1301:2018
1275:2018
1243:ISBN
1202:OCLC
1178:OCLC
1152:OCLC
1096:2021
1078:ISBN
1045:ISBN
969:ISBN
947:ISBN
897:ISBN
865:2022
830:2022
791:2022
647:Apep
439:nine
295:Thor
260:and
248:and
180:Thor
172:Æsir
156:Odin
139:Loki
120:worm
90:lit.
3410:Nīþ
3253:Hof
2721:Hel
2453:Hel
2288:T–Y
2283:P–S
2278:I–O
2263:F–G
2258:D–E
2253:B–C
2203:Ótr
2005:Iði
1752:Vör
1747:Vár
1732:Syn
1727:Sól
1702:Sif
1687:Rán
1647:Gná
1622:Eir
1617:Bil
1579:Týr
1569:Óðr
500:).
370:in
164:Hel
118:or
102:or
71:In
3502::
3303:Vé
2010:Ím
1461:,
1456:,
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1237:.
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781:.
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744:;
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1277:.
1251:.
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301:)
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