20:
688:
A third isogloss, marking a consonantal change unrelated to the others, more or less follows the Joret line throughout
Normandy and continues through northeastern France. It includes all of Picardy,
710:
998:
602:
594:
293:
285:
129:
97:
508:
500:
299:
137:
105:
87:
754:
718:
626:
618:
610:
879:
81:
1013:
908:
1033:
277:
210:
113:
65:
530:
523:
395:
319:
312:
916:
218:
762:
760:
752:
734:
732:
716:
708:
693:
624:
616:
608:
600:
592:
506:
498:
492:
490:
291:
283:
275:
135:
127:
121:
119:
111:
103:
95:
79:
73:
71:
63:
1028:
59:
1023:
994:
587:
Another effect of the palatalizations a bit further to the north but quite parallel was this:
246:
194:
1018:
938:
262:
933:
928:
871:
258:
178:
166:
162:
154:
47:
40:
32:
229:; then it curves progressively to the north and ends up approximately south to north in
198:
186:
1007:
974:
147:
143:
238:
323:
899:
234:
182:
153:
The area north and west of it is sometimes called the 'Normano-Picard domain' (
190:
91:
970:
958:
875:
867:
701:
697:
689:
206:
55:
962:
863:
859:
254:
230:
202:
19:
250:
242:
214:
18:
887:
883:
226:
222:
476:(> ME kay) > French quai (> English quay); Old French
966:
16:
Geographic line (isogloss) between dialects in northern France
723:
was affected as well) was kept north of the line (written
897:
Norman placenames derived from the Gallo-Romance word
817:(S. English wake and watch) > Picard Old Norman
800:(S. English well and leap) > Picard, Old Norman
401:(> English dial. poke) north of the line and
62:. Dialects north and west of it preserve Latin
648:(> English catch); Southern Norman, French
205:. It runs approximately west to east through
8:
553:(> English garden) north of the line and
369:South and East of the line. Similarly Latin
344:(> English catch) north of the line and
405:(> English pouch) to the south. French
447:(> English car) north of the line and
570:(> English gallon) ; Old French
950:
672:(> English cherry); Southern Norman
821:(> English wait) ; Old French
94:the result of this palatalisation was
7:
804:(> English wallop) ; French
455:(> English chariot) to the south.
217:in two linguistically and separates
146:. The line was first identified by
348:(> English chase) to the south.
14:
845:(> English war) ; French
193:) and across the continent from
177:The Joret line extends from the
86:; dialects south and east of it
233:, where the line runs with the
197:to the linguistic border with
1:
165:and the northern dialects of
837:> Old Picard Old Norman
201:in the North of France and
126:respectively), which yield
1050:
497:~ Southern Norman, French
282:~ Southern Norman, French
862:in Normandy and Picardy:
361:West of the line, French
336:(to catch) gave rise to
991:La Normandie dialectale
858:The Joret line affects
209:north of Granville and
150:and published in 1883.
23:The Joret line (in red)
529:north of the line and
426:north of the line and
422:(candle) gave rise to
413:(> English pocket).
318:north of the line and
159:domaine normano-picard
158:
36:
24:
917:Champigny-la-Futelaye
911:, north) and initial
808:(> English gallop)
747:) south of the line.
257:, where it separates
22:
993:Lepelley, Caen 1999
640:> Norman Picard
607:) ~ Southern Norman
549:(yard) gave rise to
241:, up to the west of
211:Villedieu-les-Poêles
779:(wasp) > Picard
660:> Norman Picard
566:> Norman Picard
522:(leg) gave rise to
468:> Norman Picard
394:(bag) gave rise to
311:(cat) gave rise to
957:People in western
878:(corresponding to
866:(corresponding to
451:(wain, carriage),
25:
715:(sometimes Latin
409:(pocket), Norman
195:Granville, Manche
161:). Within it lie
58:that divides the
1041:
978:
955:
939:Walloon language
766:
758:
751:Northern French
738:
722:
714:
630:
622:
614:
606:
598:
532:
525:
513:(palatalization)
512:
504:
496:
397:
321:
314:
297:
289:
281:
141:
133:
125:
117:
109:
101:
85:
77:
69:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1034:Norman language
1004:
1003:
987:
982:
981:
956:
952:
947:
934:Picard language
929:Norman language
925:
907:in some cases (
856:
686:
585:
583:Second isogloss
357:(song), Picard
271:
179:Channel Islands
175:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1047:
1045:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
986:
983:
980:
979:
961:speak Picard (
949:
948:
946:
943:
942:
941:
936:
931:
924:
921:
890:gallicized as
855:
852:
851:
850:
830:
829:
810:
809:
793:
792:
768:
767:
731:), but became
700:and a part of
685:
684:Third isogloss
682:
681:
680:
653:
652:
633:
632:
591:Norman Picard
584:
581:
580:
579:
559:
558:
542:
541:
536:to the south,
515:
514:
489:Norman Picard
486:
485:
457:
456:
432:
431:
415:
414:
387:
386:
350:
349:
329:
328:
304:
303:
300:palatalization
274:Norman Picard
270:
267:
174:
171:
110:(for original
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1046:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1014:Oïl languages
1012:
1011:
1009:
1000:
999:2-84133-076-1
996:
992:
989:
988:
984:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
954:
951:
944:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
922:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:show initial
902:
901:
895:
893:
889:
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881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
853:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
831:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:
807:
803:
799:
798:*wala hlaupan
795:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:
764:
756:
750:
749:
748:
746:
742:
736:
730:
726:
720:
712:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
683:
679:
675:
671:
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659:
655:
654:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
634:
628:
620:
612:
604:
596:
590:
589:
588:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:
557:to the south.
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:
539:
535:
528:
521:
517:
516:
510:
502:
494:
488:
487:
484:(wine cellar)
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:gave rise to
442:
438:
434:
433:
430:to the south.
429:
425:
421:
417:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
393:
389:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:
327:to the south.
326:
325:
317:
310:
306:
305:
301:
295:
287:
279:
273:
272:
268:
266:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
172:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
151:
149:
148:Charles Joret
145:
144:Modern French
139:
131:
123:
115:
107:
99:
93:
89:
83:
75:
67:
61:
60:langues d'oïl
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
990:
953:
912:
904:
898:
896:
891:
857:
846:
842:
838:
834:
826:
822:
818:
814:
805:
801:
797:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
744:
740:
728:
724:
706:
687:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
649:
645:
641:
637:
586:
575:
571:
567:
563:
554:
550:
546:
540:to the East.
537:
533:
526:
519:
481:
480:> French
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
427:
423:
419:
410:
406:
402:
398:
391:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
345:
341:
337:
333:
322:
315:
308:
213:and divides
176:
152:
51:
44:
28:
26:
915:in others (
900:Campaniacum
775:/ Frankish
562:Late Latin
439:> Latin
225:along with
187:Guernésiais
181:(including
45:lène Joret:
37:ligne Joret
1029:Isoglosses
1008:Categories
985:References
919:, south).
658:ceresiu(m)
656:Low Latin
636:Low Latin
505:, Walloon
464:, Gaulish
365:, Walloon
355:*cantionem
353:Low Latin
332:Low Latin
290:, Walloon
191:Sercquiais
92:Old French
88:palatalize
52:line Joret
29:Joret line
880:Charenton
872:Camembert
833:Frankish
825:, French
819:wait(i)er
813:Frankish
796:Frankish
787:~ French
783:, Norman
759:~ French
739:(written
707:Germanic
694:Champagne
646:cachi(er)
638:*captiare
623:, French
578:(measure)
574:, French
545:Frankish
428:chandelle
411:pouquette
390:Frankish
334:*captiare
239:Thiérache
173:Geography
90:them. In
1024:Normandy
971:Soignies
959:Wallonia
923:See also
909:Campigny
876:Carentan
868:Chambray
860:toponyms
854:Toponymy
823:guaitier
702:Burgundy
698:Lorraine
690:Wallonia
568:gal(l)on
564:*galleto
424:candelle
383:tchanter
367:tchinson
269:Examples
247:Beaumont
235:Amiénois
219:Calvados
207:Normandy
183:Jèrriais
56:isogloss
54:) is an
1019:Picardy
977:, etc.)
963:Tournai
864:Cambrai
827:guetter
806:galoper
802:waloper
676:French
662:cherise
650:chasser
462:*kagio-
460:Celtic
453:chariot
437:*carros
435:Celtic
420:candela
379:chanter
371:cantare
363:chanson
359:canchon
346:chasser
338:cachier
263:Walloon
255:Belgium
231:Picardy
203:Belgium
78:before
997:
847:guerre
835:*werra
815:wahtôn
791:(wasp)
777:*waspa
771:Latin
678:cerise
666:chrise
642:cacher
572:jallon
555:jardin
551:gardin
547:*gard-
538:djambe
518:Latin
441:carrus
418:Latin
403:pouche
399:pouque
392:*pokka
375:canter
342:cacher
307:Latin
259:Picard
251:Chimay
243:Rebecq
215:Manche
189:, and
167:Norman
163:Picard
155:French
48:Picard
41:Norman
33:French
945:Notes
892:Chaem
849:(war)
843:warre
839:werre
789:guêpe
781:Wespe
773:vespa
674:srise
670:chise
576:jalon
534:jambe
531:/ʒãb/
527:gambe
524:/ɡãb/
520:gamba
466:caio-
407:poche
396:/puk/
309:cattu
261:from
199:Dutch
995:ISBN
975:Mons
888:Wace
884:Caen
785:Vêpe
599:(or
482:chai
478:chay
449:char
377:vs.
324:chat
320:/ʃa/
313:/ka/
249:and
237:and
227:Eure
223:Orne
221:and
134:and
118:and
102:and
70:and
27:The
967:Ath
913:Ch-
894:).
882:),
870:),
743:or
727:or
615:or
474:cay
470:kay
445:car
316:cat
253:in
142:in
106:d͡ʒ
98:t͡ʃ
1010::
973:,
969:,
965:,
905:C-
874:,
841:,
745:gu
704:.
696:,
692:,
668:,
664:,
644:,
611:ts
603:tʃ
509:dʒ
472:,
381:,
373:→
340:/
294:tʃ
265:.
245:,
185:,
169:.
157::
50::
43::
39:;
35::
886:(
765:/
763:ɡ
761:/
757:/
755:v
753:/
741:g
737:/
735:ɡ
733:/
729:v
725:w
721:/
719:v
717:/
713:/
711:w
709:/
631:.
629:/
627:s
625:/
621:/
619:s
617:/
613:/
609:/
605:/
601:/
597:/
595:ʃ
593:/
511:/
507:/
503:/
501:ʒ
499:/
495:/
493:ɡ
491:/
385:.
302:)
298:(
296:/
292:/
288:/
286:ʃ
284:/
280:/
278:k
276:/
140:/
138:ʒ
136:/
132:/
130:ʃ
128:/
124:/
122:ɡ
120:/
116:/
114:k
112:/
108:/
104:/
100:/
96:/
84:/
82:a
80:/
76:/
74:ɡ
72:/
68:/
66:k
64:/
31:(
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