471:
462:, abolished them and replaced them with 23 provinces (14 in Lower Egypt and 9 in Upper Egypt), which in broad outlines survive to the present day, as the Egyptian governorates.
96:
refers to an administrative unit in general, while the pagarchy is a religious administrative unit. The Arabs also kept the names of these units, citing their
648:
532:
p. 50, From the research of the symposium of administrative departments in Egypt - Wednesday, March 25, 1998 - Supreme
Council of Culture, Egypt.
633:
653:
638:
643:
104:
origin (not the Roman or Greek), after they distorted some of them and translated others in accordance with the Arabic language.
452:
451:
remained the chief administrative unit of Egypt well into the Middle Ages. It was not until the 1070s that the
47:
488:
475:
131:
470:
343:
304:
609:
593:
482:
459:
101:
601:
589:
147:
97:
27:
455:
338:
73:
65:
627:
605:
312:
249:
43:
585:
370:
327:
194:
152:
121:
581:
492:
386:
381:
308:
107:
613:
46:
of pre-Islamic times. These administrative units are smaller than the modern
139:
392:
223:
199:
173:
157:
418:
299:
213:
87:
35:
568:
551:
408:
353:
244:
218:
513:القاموس الجغرافي للبلاد المصرية من عهد قدماء المصريين حتى سنة 1945
469:
438:
427:
397:
347:
178:
168:
39:
432:
423:
414:
273:
487:
The term was also used for the provincial districts of the
530:التطور التاريخي لأقسام مصر الإدارية حتى وقتنا الراهن.
446:
321:
263:
231:
125:
115:
91:
81:
59:
38:to describe the political administrative units of
8:
519:Egyptian General Book Authority, 1994, p. 28
236:s of al-Jazira min asfal al-ard, which are:
554:, 1310 AH/1893 AD, section two, pp. 42-43.
80:), meaning "territory" or "province". The
16:Muslim term for areas under to Roman rule
504:
86:is not exactly the same as the ancient
571:, 1310 AH/1893 AD, section one, p. 128
528:Professor Dr. Amin Muhammad Abdullah,
7:
542:
540:
538:
649:Government of the Fatimid Caliphate
268:s of al-Hawf al-Gharbi, which are:
31:
14:
112:Al-Intisar li-Wasita Aqd al-Amsar
100:origin, which was taken from the
592:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
606:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_27045
600:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
567:, The Grand Printing Press in
1:
634:Former subdivisions of Egypt
550:The Grand Printing Press in
548:الانتصار لوساطة عقد الأمصار,
458:, the de facto ruler of the
565:الانتصار لوساطة عقد الأمصار
447:
322:
264:
232:
189:of Batn al-Rif, which are:
126:
116:
92:
82:
60:
670:
480:
330:, they are 22, which are:
654:Medieval history of Egypt
69:
639:Arabic words and phrases
644:1070s disestablishments
598:Encyclopaedia of Islam
478:
346:(which is the land of
110:mentioned in his book
77:
473:
378:Taha wa Heiz Shenouda
48:governorates of Egypt
34:) was a term used by
315:, Lubia and Marakia)
284:Al-Khis wa al-Ashrak
64:is of Greek origin (
42:, equivalent to the
588:. In Fleet, Kate;
489:Emirate of Córdoba
479:
476:Emirate of Córdoba
387:Asfal al-Ashmunayn
58:The Arabized word
515:, first section,
483:Kura (al-Andalus)
460:Fatimid Caliphate
405:Al-Dir wa Abshaya
132:al-Hawf al-Sharqi
661:
618:
617:
578:
572:
561:
555:
544:
533:
526:
520:
517:البلاد المندرسة,
511:Muhammad Ramzi:
509:
450:
382:Ala al-Ashmunayn
325:
267:
235:
129:
119:
95:
85:
71:
63:
33:
669:
668:
664:
663:
662:
660:
659:
658:
624:
623:
622:
621:
594:Rowson, Everett
580:
579:
575:
562:
558:
545:
536:
527:
523:
510:
506:
501:
485:
468:
443:
413:Howa wa Faw wa
318:
260:
228:
183:
56:
17:
12:
11:
5:
667:
665:
657:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
626:
625:
620:
619:
590:Krämer, Gudrun
573:
556:
534:
521:
503:
502:
500:
497:
481:Main article:
467:
464:
456:Badr al-Jamali
442:
441:
436:
430:
421:
411:
406:
403:
400:
395:
390:
384:
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376:
373:
368:
365:
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359:
356:
351:
341:
336:
332:
317:
316:
302:
297:
294:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
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270:
259:
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227:
226:
221:
216:
211:
208:
205:
202:
197:
191:
182:
181:
176:
171:
166:
163:
160:
155:
150:
145:
142:
136:
90:, because the
55:
52:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
666:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
629:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
577:
574:
570:
566:
560:
557:
553:
549:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
525:
522:
518:
514:
508:
505:
498:
496:
494:
490:
484:
477:
474:Kuras of the
472:
466:In al-Andalus
465:
463:
461:
457:
454:
449:
440:
437:
434:
431:
429:
425:
422:
420:
416:
412:
410:
407:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
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388:
385:
383:
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369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
355:
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349:
345:
342:
340:
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331:
329:
324:
314:
310:
306:
303:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
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283:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
269:
266:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
240:
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237:
234:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
209:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
192:
190:
188:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
135:
134:, which are:
133:
128:
124:included the
123:
118:
113:
109:
105:
103:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
75:
67:
62:
53:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
29:
25:
21:
597:
576:
564:
563:Ibn Duqmaq,
559:
547:
546:Ibn Duqmaq,
529:
524:
516:
512:
507:
486:
444:
348:Al-Atfihiyah
319:
261:
229:
186:
184:
114:that the 33
111:
106:
57:
23:
19:
18:
582:Halm, Heinz
328:Upper Egypt
320:As for the
305:Al-Buhayrah
274:Sa el-Hagar
257:Al-Bashroud
122:Lower Egypt
628:Categories
586:"Fāṭimids"
499:References
493:al-Andalus
371:El-Bahnasa
344:Al-Sharqia
309:Alexandria
307:(includes
281:Al-Batanon
108:Ibn Duqmaq
614:1873-9830
435:wa Armant
210:Al-Nujoom
207:Al-Awsiya
140:Ain Shams
102:Pharaonic
596:(eds.).
584:(2014).
393:Manfalut
389:wa Ansna
287:Kharbata
262:And the
230:And the
224:Damietta
200:Samannud
185:And the
179:Al-Arish
174:Al-Farma
88:pagarchy
54:In Egypt
419:Dendera
402:Qahquwa
367:Al-Qays
339:Memphis
313:Mariout
290:Qartasa
214:Dakahla
162:Torabia
36:Muslims
612:
569:Boulaq
552:Boulaq
453:vizier
409:Akhmim
358:Abusir
354:Faiyum
300:Rashid
293:Moseel
278:Shabas
254:Baqira
245:Menouf
241:Damsis
219:Tinnis
165:Farbit
144:Atreep
98:Coptic
28:Arabic
491:, in
439:Aswan
428:Luxor
375:Bwait
364:Ahnas
361:Dalas
335:Awsim
326:s of
296:Ikhna
250:Sakha
204:Noosa
195:Busir
187:kuras
158:Basta
148:Temay
130:s of
120:s of
78:chora
74:Latin
66:Greek
44:nomes
40:Egypt
24:Koura
610:ISSN
448:kura
445:The
433:Esna
424:Qift
415:Qena
398:Syut
323:kura
265:kura
233:kura
153:Bana
127:kura
117:kura
93:kura
83:kura
70:χώρα
61:kura
32:كورة
20:Kura
602:doi
426:wa
417:wa
22:or
630::
608:.
537:^
495:.
311:,
169:Sa
76::
72:;
68::
50:.
30::
616:.
604::
350:)
26:(
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