50:
1004:
1906:(pawans) from Makran, Lasbela and Kalat districts, flee- ing drought and tribal feuds. A first influx occurred around 1725, a few years before Sindhi banyas settled in Karachi and committed to expand it. A second wave of Baloch settlers arrived around 1770, when Karachi came under the control of the Khan of Kalat, following an accord between the Khan and the Kalhora rulers of Sindh. A third wave of Baloch migra- tion took place after 1795, following the annexation of the city by the Talpur rulers of Sindh, which attracted Baloch tribesmen from interior Sindh and the Seraiki belt, many of whom found employment as guards, particularly at the Manora fort.
851:
556:
864:
735:. The Little Ice Age is conventionally defined as a period extending from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, or alternatively, from about 1300 to about 1850. Although climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period, which varied according to local conditions. According to Professor Baloch, the climate of Balochistan was very cold and the region was inhabitable during the winter so the Baloch people migrated in waves and settled in
806:
5061:
169:
152:
4022:
98:
239:
1042:, "contrary to the conventional wisdom, Baloch are generally indistinguishable from other Pakistanis in Balochistan or the rest of Pakistan". There are virtually no statistically significant or substantive differences between Balochi Muslims and other Muslims in Pakistan in terms of religiosity, support for a sharia-compliant Pakistan state, liberating Muslims from oppression, etc.
134:
116:
3453:
534:
49:
260:
1936:
According to one of the members of the group's lead- ing (Sardar) family whom I met in
Pakistan in 2012, the reason for abandoning the settlements in southern Nimruz was that the Sanjerani landowners were threatened by the "communist regime" in Afghanistan in the 1980s. So the Sanjerani moved almost
1732:
Hindus have lived in several Baloch-dominated districts like Nushki, Dera Allah Yar, Mastung, Khuzdar, Kalat, Jaffarabad, Lasbela, Kharan, Sibi and Kachhi and territories inhabited by the Marri and Bugti tribes for centuries. Hindus are also part of the Bugti, Marri, Rind, Bezenjo, Zehri, Mengal and
903:
As of 2008 it was estimated that there were between eight and nine million Baloch people living in
Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. They were subdivided between over 130 tribes. Some estimates put the figure at over 150 tribes, though estimates vary depending on how subtribes are counted. The tribes,
915:
Five Baloch tribes derive their names from Khan's children. Many, if not all, Baloch tribes can be categorized as either Rind or
Lashari based on their actual descent or historical tribal allegiances that developed into cross-generational relationships. This basic division was accentuated by a war
832:
at different events. The tradition of a Baloch mother singing lullabies to her children has played an important role in the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation since ancient times. Apart from the dressing style of the Baloch, indigenous and local traditions and customs are also of
711:
provinces. Upon arrival, various people's of non-Baloch origins were absorbed into the Baloch tribal system, which has been a major phenomenon throughout the history of Baloch people, and today a significant Baloch population in
Pakistan has diverse origins. By the 13th–14th centuries, waves of
1871:
way of life today. Over the course of the twentieth century most Baloch settled down in the southwest and started a sedentary way of life based on pastoralism and irrigated agriculture. Repeated droughts during the last two decades caused many Baloch to give up livestock farming and
1825:, but settled agricultural existence is becoming more common; every chief has a fixed residence. The villages are collections of mud or stone huts; on the hills, enclosures of rough stone walls are covered with matting to serve as temporary habitations. The Baloch raise
2055:
Some pastoral groups in the world: (a) Tibetan in
Qinghai, China; (b) Kirghiz in Badakhshan, Afghanistan: (c) Boran in Borana, Ethiopia; (d) Massai in Kenya; (e) Mongol in Inner Mongolia, China; (1) Tajik in Yangi Qala, Afghanistan; (g) Bedouin in Negev, Israel; (h)
1975:, like the Brahuis, are divided geographically into two groups, the Suleimani (northerners) and the Makrani (southerners) occupying the respective parts of the province, with the central areas inhabited by the Brahuis." Historically, they have also been a nomadic
2233:
The Baloch tribes rise up from their original home in Aleppo, all sons of Mir Hamza (generally taken to be the uncle of
Muhammad) to fight against the second Ummayad Caliph Yazid I at Karbala in 680. After Hoseyn is slain, the angered Balochi tribes wander way
1597:
However, the total number of Baloch people has increased from 4 million in 1998 to 6.86m in 2017. The count does not include the population of two districts – Quetta and Sibi – where people of various ethnicities, including Baloch and
Pashtun also
3349:
2249:
History of
Alienations in the Province of Sind: Compiled from the Jagir and Other Records in the Commissioner's Office on the Authority of Bombay Government, Resolution No. 12, Dated 2nd January 1878, Revenue
702:
After this, the Baloch continued their eastward migration towards what is now the
Balochistan province of Pakistan, although some remained behind and there are still Baloch in the eastern parts of the Iranian
3380:
1576:
It is spoken by three to five million people in
Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman and the Persian Gulf states, Turkmenistan, East Africa, and diaspora communities in other parts of the world.
5228:
5343:
660:
period. The cause of the migration is unknown but may have been as a result of the generally unstable conditions in the Caspian area. The migrations occurred over several centuries.
5049:
3842:
482:
times. The remnants of the original name such as "Balochuk" and "Balochiki" are said to be still used as ethnic names in Balochistan. Some other writers suggest a derivation from
5264:
683:
in what is now eastern Iran. Although they kept flocks of sheep, the Baloches also engaged in plundering travelers on the desert routes. This brought them into conflict with the
5027:
4057:
1778:
1639:
466:
The exact origin of the word "Baloch" is unclear. According to the Baloch historian Naseer Dashti (2012), the name of the ethnic group derives from 'Balaschik' living in
1644:
An estimated 500,000–600,000 Baloch live in southern Afghanistan, concentrated in southern Nimroz Province, and to a lesser degree in Helmand and Kandahar provinces.
5423:
1749:
1715:
5428:
5119:
2395:
2219:
Oral Literature of Iranian Languages: Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Ossetic, Persian and Tajik: Companion Volume II: History of Persian Literature A, Volume 18
817:, heavy earrings that are fastened to the head with gold chains so that the heavy weight will not cause harm to the ears. They usually wear a gold brooch (
2518:
2109:
1548:
Baluchis number between 4 million in Iran. They are part of a wider regional population of about 10 million spread across Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan.
5111:
5042:
3835:
813:
Gold ornaments such as necklaces and bracelets are an important aspect of Baloch women's traditions and among their most favoured items of jewellery are
5383:
4521:
1399:
3179:
5418:
3278:
5124:
4050:
3496:
2752:
1687:
1003:
769:
under the Ahmadzai dynasty. Originally in alliance with the Mughals, the Khanate lost its autonomy in 1839 with the signing of a treaty with the
2492:
5358:
1941:, established the main local mujahideen faction, the Jabhe-ye Nimruz and took over most of the for- mer property of the Sanjerani (see below).
5353:
5348:
5035:
3828:
3330:
3046:
2816:
2791:
2684:
2657:
2630:
2378:
2291:
2048:
2002:
1964:
1929:
1895:
1852:
1810:
1667:
5378:
1259:
965:. A myriad of militant secessionist movements, each loyal to their own tribal leader, threatens regional security and political stability.
2840:
821:) that is made by local jewellers in different shapes and sizes and is used to fasten the two parts of the dress together over the chest.
836:
Baloch Culture Day is celebrated by the Balochi people annually on 2 March with festivities to celebrate their rich culture and history.
5106:
2397:
Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Volume 1, The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change
5373:
5269:
4043:
2962:
2226:
2201:
1569:
3197:
2488:
5129:
4259:
3900:
2438:
1231:
361:
320:
2726:
2700:
850:
3260:
2593:
5078:
5065:
1543:
1657:
863:
4901:
704:
2281:
446:
The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of
5388:
5368:
5363:
2556:
1088:
are a Hindu Baloch community living in India who trace their origin to southern Balochistan but migrated to India during the
3081:
2536:"1.4.3 Solar Variability and the Total Solar Irradiance – AR4 WGI Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change Science"
1954:
757:. Although the Mughals managed to establish some control over the eastern parts of the area, by the 17th century, a tribal
4514:
1102:
5086:
3945:
3851:
1268:(1949–2016), a former Chief Sardar of the Khoso Tribe and former Member of the Provincial Assembly from PS-14 Jacobabad.
2038:
1992:
4956:
3489:
3436:
3063:
4139:
2073:
2040:
Building Resilience of Human-Natural Systems of Pastoralism in the Developing World: Interdisciplinary Perspectives
1919:
1885:
1842:
1829:
and engage in carpet making and embroidery. They engage in agriculture using simple methods and are chiefly Muslim.
1265:
555:
458:. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, and around 2% of the populations of both Iran and Afghanistan.
1800:
1535:
5290:
5139:
4066:
4003:
2404:
1227:
649:
938:
led the Bugti as Tumandar until his death in 2006. Talal Akbar Bugti was the tribal leader and President of the
5403:
4961:
4507:
4301:
3993:
2455:
2113:
642:
580:
1632:
932:. They are divided between the Rahija Bugti, Masori Bugti, Kalpar Bugti, Marehta Bugti and other sub-tribes.
5393:
5338:
5144:
4313:
4008:
3935:
3036:
2574:
1387:
1343:
1209:
1195:
998:
626:
455:
2480:
2012. "Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea-ice/ocean feedbacks"
761:
leader named Mir Hasan established himself as the first "Khan of the Baloch". In 1666, he was succeeded by
5398:
5333:
5096:
4199:
3998:
3789:
3482:
2569:
1560:
Spooner, Brian (2011). "10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language". In Schiffman, Harold F. (ed.).
1478:
1414:
1404:
1392:
1293:
1215:
1199:
1034:
Although Baloch leaders, backed by traditional scholarship, have held that the Baloch people are secular,
935:
880:
786:
451:
2955:
Ethnic Subnationalist Insurgencies in South Asia: Identities, Interests and Challenges to State Authority
5413:
5306:
5172:
5069:
5060:
4834:
4565:
3757:
3505:
2935:
1471:
1467:
1249:
1205:
1106:
845:
716:
447:
4976:
2091:
805:
4409:
3143:
4922:
4471:
2535:
1439:
1429:
1365:
1255:
939:
279:
4244:
4209:
3038:
Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival [4 volumes]
953:
district in 2008, who further divide themselves into Gazni Marri, Bejarani Marri, and Zarkon Marri.
4764:
4481:
4348:
4328:
4159:
4109:
4077:
3722:
3653:
3322:
The Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State
2780:
The Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State
2579:
1512:
1299:
929:
879:
was the ruler and founder of the first Balochi confederacy in 12th century. (He may be the same as
824:
In ancient times, especially during the pre-Islamic era, it was common for Baloch women to perform
4224:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4154:
4144:
1168:(1926–2006), the former Tumandar of the Bugti tribe and Minister of State of Balochistan Province.
478:
in present-day Turkey and Azerbaijan, who are believed to have migrated to Balochistan during the
5149:
4679:
4486:
4466:
4451:
4254:
4026:
3431:
2892:
2174:
2037:
Dong, Shikui; Kassam, Karim-Aly S.; Tourrand, Jean François; Boone, Randall B. (30 August 2016).
1434:
1321:
1289:
1237:
1189:
1153:
1135:
1111:
1089:
962:
884:
720:
652:, the original homeland of the Balochi tribes was likely to the east or southeast of the central
4554:
2811:. Balochistan Monograph Series, V. Naples, Italy: Universita degli studi di Napoli. p. 20.
2283:
Comunicaciones al Décimoquinto XV Congreso Internacional de las Ciencias Genealogica y Heraldica
648:
Based on an analysis of the linguistic connections of the Balochi language, which is one of the
5001:
4948:
4938:
4839:
4476:
4382:
3799:
3717:
3668:
3397:
3366:
3358:
3326:
3042:
2958:
2812:
2787:
2783:
2680:
2653:
2626:
2434:
2374:
2287:
2222:
2197:
2044:
1998:
1960:
1925:
1891:
1848:
1806:
1663:
1565:
633:, the author of Tuhfatul Kiram, in his history written in 1774 A.D, he believes that only the
588:
518:
498:
483:
440:
3456:
3320:
2647:
2620:
1485:
confederation. However, the Ahmadzai Khans of Khalat were neither of these and belonged to a
1174:(born 1981), former member of the Pakistani Senate and current chief minister of Balochistan.
699:
of the Buyid dynasty launched a punitive campaign against them and defeated them in 971–972.
5177:
4806:
4669:
4625:
4573:
3410:
Oral Literature of Iranian Languages. Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Ossetic, Persian & Tajik
3385:
3354:
2162:
1359:
1347:
1119:
982:
892:
792:
766:
740:
732:
672:
514:
404:
370:
335:
294:
220:
199:
188:
5408:
5207:
5192:
5187:
4530:
4333:
4179:
3965:
3804:
3643:
3628:
3566:
2394:
Mann, Michael (2003). "Little Ice Age". In MacCracken, Michael C.; Perry, John S. (eds.).
1424:
1353:
1309:
1123:
762:
754:
708:
614:
479:
432:
401:
192:
3426:
2676:
Back to the Future: The Khanate of Kalat and the Genesis of Baloch Nationalism, 1915–1955
3412:. A History of Persian Literature. ed. E. Yarshater. vol. 18. Companion vol. 2. London:
2886:
2308:
5182:
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4741:
4734:
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4593:
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1379:
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1141:
1035:
974:
796:
747:
724:
600:
2730:
2704:
2339:
2145:
2143:
1138:(born 1945), a retired General in the Pakistan army. Currently a Pakistani politician.
1015:
The majority of the Baloch people in Pakistan are Sunni Muslims. 64.78% belong to the
5327:
5212:
5202:
5197:
4917:
4870:
4829:
4792:
4662:
4544:
4429:
4424:
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4318:
4284:
4204:
4124:
3955:
3910:
3880:
3663:
3638:
3128:
1486:
1339:
1315:
1283:
1271:
1171:
1069:
946:
829:
758:
696:
497:
An earliest Sanskrit reference to the Baloch might be the Gwalior inscription of the
641:, a descendant of Muhammad ibn Harun, nicknamed Makurani, is a direct descendant of
625:
were ethnic Baluchis is also confirmed by the Persian historian in the 16th century
4880:
4757:
4690:
4549:
4444:
4439:
4404:
4387:
4343:
4087:
3977:
3885:
3870:
3865:
3413:
1475:
1409:
1333:
1324:(1928–2022), the interim prime minister of Pakistan in a 1993 caretaker government.
1221:
1177:
1159:
1129:
1073:
1024:
634:
502:
436:
416:
173:
168:
3279:"President Alvi confers top civil, military awards for excellence on Pakistan Day"
1779:"A piece of Balochistan in Mumbai since Partition – 150 families & Khatti Dal"
2674:
2368:
2264:
2247:
5274:
4986:
4981:
4865:
4713:
4697:
4434:
4296:
4274:
4239:
4229:
4082:
3747:
3648:
3603:
3161:
1327:
1243:
1165:
774:
770:
664:
653:
604:
506:
471:
428:
408:
397:
246:
238:
156:
151:
3820:
3442:
2165:(1929). "Indian Studies No. I: Slow Progress of Islam Power in Ancient India".
1953:
Nahyan, Mansoor Bin Tahnoon Al; Hussain, Jamal; Ghafoor, Asad ul (9 May 2019).
1802:
Persian Gulf States: Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates
4641:
4291:
4219:
4194:
3915:
3905:
3890:
3784:
3516:
1937:
completely to Baloch areas in Pakistan and Iran. At the same time the Brahui,
1656:
Long, Roger D.; Singh, Gurharpal; Samad, Yunas; Talbot, Ian (8 October 2015).
1419:
1147:
876:
688:
638:
618:
412:
3401:
3370:
2429:
Lamb, H. H. (1972). "The cold Little Ice Age climate of about 1550 to 1800".
17:
5006:
4996:
4966:
4844:
4748:
4684:
4655:
4264:
4214:
4035:
3960:
3692:
3583:
3461:
3408:
Elfenbein, J. "Balochi Literature". P. G. Kreyenbroek and U. Marzolph, eds.
3019:
3003:
1308:(born 1949), the federal minister for human rights and a member of Pakistan
1085:
888:
467:
4971:
3242:
3180:"Justice Asif Saeed Khosa to be sworn in as 26th Chief Justice of Pakistan"
583:, uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who settled in Halab, present-day
3122:
1274:(born 1981), Pakistani filmmaker, cinematographer, screenwriter and actor.
916:
lasting 30 years between the Rind and Lashari tribes in the 15th century.
603:, descendants of Ameer Hamza migrated to east or southeast of the central
599:
in 680, in which Ameer Hamza's descendants supported and fought alongside
533:
5243:
5238:
5134:
5091:
5011:
4786:
4772:
4583:
4372:
4355:
4114:
3930:
3767:
3762:
3742:
3685:
3618:
3546:
3541:
3536:
1610:
1463:
1039:
1016:
909:
750:
712:
Baloch were moving into Sindh, and by the 15th century into the Punjab.
657:
475:
420:
263:
103:
2178:
854:
Baloch-inhabited areas of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iran (pink) in 1980
4875:
4819:
4799:
4721:
4611:
4419:
4377:
4323:
4189:
4119:
4102:
3950:
3920:
3737:
3707:
3697:
3633:
3593:
3588:
3578:
3573:
3531:
3526:
1508:
1504:
1482:
1114:(1917–2011), research scholar, historian, educationist and linguist in
1020:
868:
692:
622:
596:
592:
393:
1562:
Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors
961:
Violent intertribal competition has prevented any credible attempt at
895:, Korai Khan and a daughter, Bibi Jato, who married his nephew Murad.
5248:
4991:
4885:
4824:
4632:
4588:
4578:
4365:
4279:
4269:
4184:
4149:
4129:
4097:
3970:
3940:
3895:
3794:
3779:
3772:
3732:
3712:
3680:
3673:
3608:
3598:
3561:
3556:
3446:
3162:"Zafarullah Khan Jamali – Age, Political Party, Family and Education"
2978:
2753:"Baloch Cultural Day celebrated with colourful functions, gatherings"
2622:
Subverting Borders: Doing Research on Smuggling and Small-Scale Trade
1081:
986:
684:
680:
676:
668:
608:
584:
572:
542:
538:
213:
3297:
3216:
1588:
1318:(born 1987), human rights activist, artist and motivational speaker.
195:, various other languages of host regions spoken by splinter groups
1038:
and Ali Hamza found during their 2017 study that, when it comes to
5233:
4849:
4704:
4598:
4499:
4414:
4360:
3809:
3658:
3613:
3551:
3082:"CM Usman Buzdar's resignation accepted, Punjab cabinet dissolved"
2625:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 52, footnote 12.
2149:
2134:
1183:
1077:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1002:
978:
950:
925:
862:
849:
825:
804:
800:
746:
The area where the Baloch tribes settled was disputed between the
736:
728:
576:
564:
554:
532:
522:
242:
1045:
In 2020, 800,000 Pakistani Balochis were estimated to follow the
4619:
4306:
3474:
1659:
State and Nation-Building in Pakistan: Beyond Islam and Security
1115:
1061:
1028:
656:
region. The Baloch began migrating towards the east in the late
560:
424:
206:
139:
121:
5031:
4503:
4039:
3824:
3478:
3465:
2194:
An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires
2009:
They are united by language and a common culture, and the name
1052:
A small number of Balochs are non-Muslims, particularly in the
3298:"Profile: Sanullah Zehri – more of a Sardar than a politician"
2841:"Tribes and Rebels: The Players in the Balochistan Insurgency"
3261:"I am Siraj Khan Raisani Baloch & I will die a Pakistani"
353:
350:
312:
3108:
The Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Divided Nation
2649:
Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia
2519:"The 'Little Ice Age': re-evaluation of an evolving concept"
259:
1466:
tribes who are unrelated to each other with this name: the
341:
309:
300:
1292:(1928–2014), was a Baloch politician from the province of
667:
writers refer to the Baloch as living in the area between
617:
writes that a Balochi legend is backed up by the medieval
1716:"Over 100 Hindu Families in Pak Want To Migrate To India"
3243:"Balakh Sher Mazari – Age, Son, Family, Political party"
2908:
History of Civilizations of Central Asia (vol.4, part-1)
2017:, although most of them have never lived like that. The
1994:
Peoples on the Move: Introducing the Nomads of the World
1589:"Number of Balochi-speaking people in Balochistan falls"
1330:(born 1970), director, producer, screenwriter and actor.
867:
Baloch man in Sindhi traditional pantaloon-style Sindhi
3198:"Farooq Ahmad Khan: Bhutto's pick, until he sacked her"
2557:
From Zardaris to Makranis: How the Baloch came to Sindh
2458:. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Green Belt MD: NASA
1887:
Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City
1750:"Mumbai's filmi daredevils with a cross-border history"
1198:(1935–1998), Islamic scholar who served as Chairman of
2782:. Bloomington, Indiana: Trafford Publishing. pp.
1180:(born 1969), former chief minister of Punjab province.
454:
and a significant albeit smaller number reside in the
1733:
other Baloch tribes and live under the tribal system.
1362:(born 1955), the 11th and 14th president of Pakistan.
1336:(born 1978), television actor, director and comedian.
381:
362:
321:
2924:. Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 2006.
2619:
Bettina Bruns; Judith Miggelbrink (8 October 2011).
2167:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
2098:. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1995.
1368:(born 1961), the 15th chief minister of Balochistan.
912:. Subtribes, known as paras, are led by a muqaddam.
571:
According to Baloch lore, their ancestors hail from
505:(r. 836–885), which says that the dynasty's founder
347:
338:
306:
297:
5299:
5283:
5257:
5221:
5158:
5105:
5077:
4947:
4931:
4910:
4894:
4858:
4537:
3986:
3858:
2340:"BALUCHISTAN i. Geography, History and Ethnography"
2021:practice different combinations of agriculture and
344:
303:
272:
226:
182:
165:
148:
130:
112:
94:
89:
59:
40:
27:
Ethnolinguistic group native to South Asia and Iran
3379:
3348:
3020:"Rethinking Baloch Secularism: What the Data Say,"
3004:"Rethinking Baloch Secularism: What the Data Say,"
2309:"Baluchistan iii. Baluchi Language and Literature"
1902:Lyari's first residents were Sindhi fishermen and
1772:
1770:
1640:Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center
1240:(born 1935), a former governor of Punjab province.
435:communities in neighbouring regions, including in
3064:"Poorest Baloch tribe's chief set to rule Punjab"
2491:(accessed via wayback machine 11 July 2015); see
1921:Modern Afghanistan: The Impact of 40 Years of War
1841:Bashir, Shahzad; Crews, Robert D. (28 May 2012).
1218:(1944–2020), the 15th prime minister of Pakistan.
2525:A (1), pp. 17–36 (2005). Retrieved 17 July 2015.
1252:(born 1954), the 26th chief justice of Pakistan.
3378:Bulookbashi, Ali A.; Asatryan, Mushegh (2013).
1805:. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 66.
1710:
1708:
1611:"Ethnologue report of Languages of Iran (2023)"
1011:, a type of religious dance, in Gwarjak in 1891
5344:Ethnic groups divided by international borders
2936:"JWP leader Talal Bugti passes away in Quetta"
2910:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishing. p. 305.
2370:Baloch Nationalism: Its Origin and Development
1743:
1741:
1681:
1679:
773:and the region effectively became part of the
5043:
4515:
4051:
3836:
3490:
2280:Castro (Madrid), Instituto Salazar y (1983).
1979:people living in the open and avoiding towns.
1959:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 73.
1890:. Oxford University Press. pp. 127_128.
1234:and ex-Minister for Counter Terrorism Punjab.
715:According to Dr. Akhtar Baloch, professor at
387:
8:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
1688:"Hingol Temple Symbolises Baloch Secularism"
35:
3296:Notezai, Muhammad Akbar (10 January 2018).
3217:"Khair Bakhsh Marri: a fighter all the way"
2596:. Naval Postgraduate School. Archived from
2196:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 101.
1458:A number of unrelated tribes with the name
1280:(1940–2010), the 8th president of Pakistan.
1156:, Pakistani American singer and songwriter.
5050:
5036:
5028:
4522:
4508:
4500:
4058:
4044:
4036:
3843:
3829:
3821:
3497:
3483:
3475:
3462:
3142:Dr Shahida Jaffrey Jamali (6 April 2017).
3124:Hayat Shaheed E Islam (حیات شہید ای اسلام)
3035:Williams, Victoria R. (24 February 2020).
2362:
2360:
2333:
2331:
2329:
1192:(1964–2007), Pakistani diplomat and cleric
1132:(1953–2022), a former Pakistani cricketer.
809:Baloch men performing a traditional dance.
48:
34:
3018:Fair, C. Christine and Hamza, Ali (2017)
3002:Fair, C. Christine and Hamza, Ali (2017)
2888:A handbook of the fighting races of India
2809:Two Essays on Baloch History and Folklore
1924:. Indiana University Press. p. 276.
1847:. Harvard University Press. p. 140.
1400:Baloch people in the United Arab Emirates
1302:(1930–2020), a Baluch veteran politician.
1246:(born 1946), a former Governor of Punjab.
1162:(born 1978), a Pakistani woman cricketer.
1150:(born 1981), Pakistani female politician.
81:3–5 million Baloch-speakers (Brill, 2011)
3110:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 32–33.
2253:. Printed at the "Commissioner's Press".
1144:(born 1970), Canadian Pakistani actress.
1064:members. There are Hindu Balochs in the
2922:Pakistan Horizon, Volume 59, Issues 3–4
2906:Asimov, M. S.; Bosworth, C. E. (1992).
2679:. Oxford University Press. p. 22.
2403:. John Wiley & Sons. Archived from
2150:Dashti, The Baloch and Balochistan 2012
2135:Dashti, The Baloch and Balochistan 2012
2013:has the connotation of a tent-dwelling
1918:Shahrani, M. Nazif (10 February 2018).
1527:
1497:
1451:
1286:(born 1989), Pakistani actor and model.
1208:(1911–1967), a veteran politician from
513:, translated as "Baluch foreigners" by
5424:Social groups of Balochistan, Pakistan
1997:. William Carey Library. p. 289.
1867:, and some of them continue to lead a
517:. The army in question is that of the
3325:. Trafford Publishing. pp. 33–.
2074:"A Cultural Anthropology of Baluchis"
1536:"Iran Minorities 2: Ethnic Diversity"
985:is the most common paternal clade in
537:Sardar Ibrahim Khan Sanjrani, Baloch
7:
3144:"Remembering Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali"
2506:Little Ice Ages: Ancient and Modern,
2108:Central Intelligence Agency (2013).
1799:Laura, Etheredge (15 January 2011).
1260:caretaker prime minister of Pakistan
1212:and a tribal leader from Balochistan
388:
374:
90:Regions with significant populations
5429:Social groups of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
3350:"Baluchistan and the Baluch people"
3062:Haider, Sikandar (18 August 2018).
2891:. Thacker, Spink & Co. p.
2874:. Muhammad Amin Baloch. p. 83.
2517:Matthews, J. A. and Briffa, K. R.,
2508:Routledge, London (2 volumes) 2004.
2373:. Royal Book Company. p. 105.
2286:(in Spanish). Ediciones Hidalguia.
2110:"The World Factbook: Ethnic Groups"
1031:Muslims comprise 0.59% of Balochs.
942:from 2006 until his death in 2015.
5229:Archaeological sites and monuments
2578:(Online ed.). United States:
2489:abstract (formerly on AGU website)
579:. They claim to be descendants of
25:
3025:: Vol. 24 : No. 1, Article 1
3009:: Vol. 24 : No. 1, Article 1
2431:Climate: present, past and future
2269:. Government Central Press. 1880.
1232:Member of the Provincial Assembly
908:, are led by a tribal chief, the
629:. According to another historian
587:. After the fight against second
5384:Ethnic groups in the Middle East
5059:
4020:
3451:
3357:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
2839:Tahir, Muhammad (3 April 2008).
2594:"Ethnic Identity in Afghanistan"
2456:"Earth observatory Glossary L-N"
2433:. London: Methuen. p. 107.
1939:Baloch groups of pastoral nomads
1859:In southwestern Afghanistan the
1827:camels, cattle, sheep, and goats
1544:United States Institute of Peace
1346:. He is also a recipient of the
833:great importance to the Baloch.
419:, encompassing the countries of
400:, ethnic group which speaks the
334:
293:
258:
237:
167:
150:
132:
114:
96:
5419:Sistan and Baluchestan province
2217:Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (2010).
1777:Sadaf Modak (7 November 2016).
1748:Roshni Nair (3 December 2016).
1356:, (1468–1565), Baloch folk hero
1228:Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan Gadhi
1224:(born 1996), singer-songwriter.
887:.) Jalal Khan left four sons –
108:6.86 million (2017 census)
3365:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
3215:Hasan Mansoor (11 June 2014).
2870:Baloch, Muhammad Amin (1999).
2727:"Baloch Society & culture"
2701:"Baloch Society & culture"
2367:Breseeg, Taj Mohammad (2004).
1686:Kamal Siddiqi (30 July 2009).
1633:"Cultural Orientation Balochi"
494:meaning high or magnificent.
1:
5359:Ethnic groups in Central Asia
3394:Encyclopaedia Islamica Online
1322:Sardar Mir Balakh Sher Mazari
1262:from 25 March to 5 June 2013.
1084:and other Baloch tribes. The
719:, the Balochis migrated from
546:
68:
5354:Ethnic groups in Balochistan
5349:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
5087:History of the Baloch people
3852:Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
3313:General and cited references
2493:press release on AGU website
2482:Geophysical Research Letters
1186:, hip hop rapper and singer.
977:is the most common paternal
924:In 2008, there were 180,000
509:repelled a powerful army of
382:
5379:Ethnic groups in South Asia
4957:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism
3437:Central Intelligence Agency
2729:. Baask.com. Archived from
2703:. Baask.com. Archived from
2192:Olson; et al. (1994).
2058:Baloch in northern Pakistan
1991:Phillips, David J. (2001).
1096:Baloch people from Pakistan
1023:movement, and 1.25% to the
771:British colonial government
5445:
3285:. Pakistan. 23 March 2019.
3023:Peace and Conflict Studies
3007:Peace and Conflict Studies
2957:. Routledge. p. 126.
1662:. Routledge. p. 129.
1266:Muhammad Muqeem Khan Khoso
996:
843:
790:
784:
5374:Ethnic groups in Pakistan
5291:University of Balochistan
5140:Insurgency in Balochistan
4073:
4067:Ethnic groups in Pakistan
4017:
3512:
3472:
3467:Links to related articles
3416:, 2010. pp. 167–198.
2851:(7). Jamestown Foundation
2807:Badalkhan, Sabir (2013).
2246:Gidumal, Dayaram (1888).
2096:Pakistan: A Country Study
1342:(1963–2018), a member of
1196:Maulana Muhammad Abdullah
650:Western Iranian languages
277:
231:
203:(in Iran and Afghanistan)
187:
64:
47:
41:
4962:Ancient Iranian religion
2953:Jugdep S. Chima (2015).
2885:Bonarjee, P. D. (1899).
2652:. ABC-CLIO. p. 48.
2495:(accessed 11 July 2015).
2445:(noted in Grove 2004:4).
2137:, pp. 8, 33–34, 44.
1863:have traditionally been
1258:(1929–2021), jurist and
1019:movement, 33.38% to the
763:Mir Aḥmad Khan Qambarani
490:, meaning strength, and
5145:Hazara Democratic Party
4902:Ancient Iranian peoples
3457:Wikimedia Atlas of Iran
3347:Axmann, Martin (2019).
3319:Dashti, Naseer (2012).
2778:Dashti, Naseer (2012).
2673:Axmann, Martin (2008).
2646:Minahan, James (2012).
2338:Spooner, Brian (1988).
2043:. Springer. p. 4.
1884:Gayer, Laurent (2014).
1388:Baloch people in Punjab
1344:Balochistan Awami Party
1105:, (born 1960), Imam of
999:Hinduism in Balochistan
963:creating a nation-state
627:Muhammad Qasim Ferishta
5097:Kalat (princely state)
4027:Afghanistan portal
3363:Encyclopaedia of Islam
3121:Mansoor, Riaz (2006).
3106:Walsh, Declan (2021).
2307:Elfenbein, J. (1988).
1564:. Brill. p. 319.
1415:Baloch people in India
1405:Baloch of Turkmenistan
1393:Baloch people in Sindh
1216:Zafarullah Khan Jamali
1200:Ruet-e-Hilal Committee
1012:
936:Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti
883:the last ruler of the
881:Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu
872:
855:
810:
787:Culture of Balochistan
568:
552:
521:after the conquest of
5389:Iranian ethnic groups
5369:Ethnic groups in Oman
5364:Ethnic groups in Iran
5307:Ayub National Stadium
5173:List of Baloch tribes
4859:Related ethnic groups
1642:. 2019. p. 111.
1595:. 11 September 2017.
1462:exist. There are two
1250:Asif Saeed Khan Khosa
1206:Mir Jafar Khan Jamali
1006:
866:
853:
846:List of Baloch tribes
808:
717:University of Karachi
559:Palace of the Baloch
558:
536:
407:and is native to the
273:Related ethnic groups
54:A group of Baloch men
5222:Archaeological Sites
4923:Proto-Indo-Europeans
4835:Tats of the Caucasus
2733:on 16 September 2011
2707:on 16 September 2011
2575:Encyclopædia Iranica
2344:Encyclopedia Iranica
2313:Encyclopedia Iranica
2078:Iran Chamber Society
1546:. 3 September 2013.
1440:1898 Baloch uprising
1430:Indo-Iranian peoples
1366:Sanaullah Khan Zehri
1256:Mir Hazar Khan Khoso
1160:Kiran Maqsood Baluch
940:Jamhoori Watan Party
765:who established the
663:By the 9th century,
621:. The fact that the
280:Indo-Iranian peoples
5120:Provincial Assembly
4160:European Pakistanis
2940:The Express Tribune
2600:on 18 November 2007
2580:Columbia University
2116:on 16 November 2018
2015:nomadic pastoralist
1384:Baloch of Pakistan
1300:Sherbaz Khan Mazari
1178:Sardar Usman Buzdar
930:Dera Bugti District
607:, specially toward
37:
5150:Baloch nationalism
3432:The World Factbook
3353:. In Fleet, Kate;
3204:. 30 October 2010.
3086:www.thenews.com.pk
2410:on 24 January 2013
2090:Blood, Peter, ed.
2072:Zehi, Pirmohamad.
1956:Tribes of Pakistan
1821:are traditionally
1435:Baloch nationalism
1350:(star of bravery).
1290:Khair Bakhsh Marri
1238:Zulfiqar Ali Khosa
1190:Abdul Rashid Ghazi
1154:Quratulain Balouch
1136:Abdul Qadir Baloch
1112:Nabi Bakhsh Baloch
1103:Maulana Abdul Aziz
1013:
973:For most Balochs,
885:Khwarezmian Empire
873:
856:
811:
705:Sistan-Baluchestan
569:
553:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5314:
5025:
5024:
4949:Iranian religions
4939:Iranian languages
4809:
4802:
4795:
4781:
4767:
4760:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4716:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4635:
4628:
4614:
4607:
4568:
4497:
4496:
4033:
4032:
3987:Foreign nationals
3818:
3817:
3386:Madelung, Wilferd
3332:978-1-4669-5896-8
3168:. 11 August 2018.
3048:978-1-4408-6118-5
2845:Terrorism Monitor
2818:978-88-6719-060-7
2793:978-1-4669-5896-8
2686:978-0-19-547645-3
2659:978-1-59884-659-1
2632:978-3-531-93273-6
2380:978-969-407-309-5
2293:978-84-00-05342-0
2163:Bhandarkar, D. R.
2152:, pp. 33–34.
2050:978-3-319-30732-9
2004:978-0-87808-352-7
1966:978-1-5275-3439-1
1931:978-0-253-03026-9
1897:978-0-19-935444-3
1854:978-0-674-06476-8
1812:978-1-61530-327-4
1669:978-1-317-44820-4
945:There are 98,000
519:Umayyad Caliphate
499:Gurjara-Pratihara
441:Arabian Peninsula
431:. There are also
380:
285:
284:
218:
211:
204:
197:Second language:
16:(Redirected from
5436:
5064:
5063:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5029:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4777:
4763:
4756:
4747:
4740:
4733:
4726:
4712:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4631:
4624:
4610:
4603:
4564:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4501:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4037:
4025:
4024:
4023:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3822:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3476:
3463:
3455:
3454:
3405:
3396:. Brill Online.
3383:
3374:
3352:
3336:
3306:
3305:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3103:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3032:
3026:
3016:
3010:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2942:. 27 April 2015.
2932:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2836:
2823:
2822:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2568:Kieffer, Ch. M.
2565:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2532:
2526:
2523:Geogr. Ann., 87,
2515:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2409:
2402:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2335:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2221:. I. B. Tauris.
2214:
2208:
2207:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2112:. Archived from
2105:
2099:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2034:
2028:
2027:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1844:Under the Drones
1838:
1832:
1831:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1727:
1722:. 3 January 2011
1712:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1637:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1532:
1515:
1502:
1490:
1456:
1360:Asif Ali Zardari
1348:Sitara-e-Shujaat
983:Haplogroup L-M20
793:Balochi clothing
767:Khanate of Kalat
687:, and later the
551:
548:
515:D. R. Bhandarkar
511:Valacha Mlecchas
456:Pakistani Punjab
452:settled in Sindh
450:, while 40% are
405:Balochi language
391:
390:
385:
379:romanized:
378:
376:
366:
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
325:
319:
318:
315:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
262:
241:
217:(in Afghanistan)
216:
209:
202:
172:
171:
155:
154:
138:
136:
135:
126:2 million (2021)
120:
118:
117:
102:
100:
99:
82:
76:
70:
60:Total population
52:
38:
21:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5404:Nimruz Province
5324:
5323:
5322:
5317:
5316:
5311:
5295:
5279:
5253:
5217:
5208:Brahui language
5160:
5154:
5109:
5101:
5073:
5058:
5056:
5026:
5021:
4943:
4927:
4906:
4895:Ancient peoples
4890:
4854:
4555:'Ajam of Kuwait
4533:
4531:Iranian peoples
4528:
4498:
4493:
4200:Indus Kohistani
4069:
4064:
4034:
4029:
4021:
4019:
4013:
3982:
3854:
3849:
3819:
3814:
3567:Bijarani Buledi
3508:
3503:
3468:
3452:
3423:
3390:Daftary, Farhad
3377:
3359:Rowson, Everett
3346:
3343:
3341:Further reading
3333:
3318:
3315:
3310:
3309:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3249:. 15 July 2018.
3241:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3129:Maktaba Faridia
3120:
3119:
3115:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3090:
3088:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3049:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3017:
3013:
3001:
2997:
2987:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2854:
2852:
2838:
2837:
2826:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2660:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2516:
2512:
2503:
2499:
2475:
2471:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2441:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2381:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2294:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2229:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2089:
2085:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2051:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1967:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1932:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1898:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1855:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1813:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1754:Hindustan Times
1747:
1746:
1739:
1725:
1723:
1720:Hindustan Times
1714:
1713:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1692:Hindustan Times
1685:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1572:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1540:The Iran Primer
1534:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1425:Balochi cuisine
1376:
1371:
1354:Mir Chakar Rind
1310:Tehreek-e-Insaf
1098:
1056:clan which has
1001:
995:
971:
959:
922:
901:
891:, Lashar Khan,
875:Traditionally,
861:
848:
842:
803:
789:
783:
755:Mughal emperors
727:and settled in
615:Dayaram Gidumal
575:in what is now
549:
531:
464:
433:Baloch diaspora
364:
337:
333:
323:
296:
292:
268:
250:
236:
166:
161:500,000–600,000
149:
133:
131:
115:
113:
97:
95:
85:
80:
74:10 million
71:
55:
43:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5442:
5440:
5432:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5394:Iranian nomads
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5339:Baloch culture
5336:
5326:
5325:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5303:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5287:
5285:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5265:Largest cities
5261:
5259:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5164:
5162:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Chief Minister
5122:
5116:
5114:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5083:
5081:
5075:
5074:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5047:
5040:
5032:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5019:
5017:Zoroastrianism
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4953:
4951:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4935:
4933:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4803:
4796:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4779:Pashtun tribes
4770:
4769:
4768:
4761:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4745:
4731:
4728:Chinese Tajiks
4719:
4718:
4717:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4694:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4617:
4616:
4615:
4608:
4605:Kurdish tribes
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4504:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4040:
4031:
4030:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3825:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3678:
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3676:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
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3581:
3576:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3479:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3449:
3440:
3422:
3421:External links
3419:
3418:
3417:
3406:
3375:
3355:Krämer, Gudrun
3342:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3331:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3288:
3270:
3265:thenews.com.pk
3252:
3234:
3207:
3189:
3184:thenews.com.pk
3171:
3153:
3134:
3113:
3098:
3073:
3054:
3047:
3027:
3011:
2995:
2979:"R-Y920 YTree"
2970:
2964:978-1138839922
2963:
2945:
2927:
2913:
2898:
2877:
2862:
2824:
2817:
2799:
2792:
2770:
2759:. 2 March 2018
2757:Pakistan Today
2744:
2718:
2692:
2685:
2665:
2658:
2638:
2631:
2611:
2585:
2560:
2549:
2527:
2510:
2504:Grove, J. M.,
2497:
2487:, 31 January:
2469:
2447:
2439:
2421:
2386:
2379:
2356:
2325:
2299:
2292:
2272:
2256:
2238:
2228:978-0857732651
2227:
2209:
2203:978-0313274978
2202:
2184:
2154:
2139:
2127:
2100:
2083:
2064:
2049:
2029:
2003:
1983:
1965:
1945:
1930:
1910:
1896:
1876:
1853:
1833:
1811:
1791:
1766:
1737:
1704:
1675:
1668:
1648:
1624:
1602:
1580:
1571:978-9004201453
1570:
1552:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1481:, part of the
1450:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1410:Baloch of Oman
1407:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1382:
1380:Baloch of Iran
1375:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1306:Shireen Mazari
1303:
1297:
1287:
1281:
1278:Farooq Leghari
1275:
1269:
1263:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1235:
1230:, (born 1961)
1225:
1219:
1213:
1203:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1142:Mahnoor Baloch
1139:
1133:
1127:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1036:Christine Fair
994:
991:
975:haplogroup R1a
970:
967:
958:
955:
921:
918:
900:
897:
860:
857:
841:
838:
797:Baloch cuisine
785:Main article:
782:
781:Baloch culture
779:
725:Little Ice Age
631:Ali Sher Kanei
605:Caspian region
601:Husayn ibn Ali
530:
527:
470:, between the
463:
460:
402:Western Iranic
283:
282:
275:
274:
270:
269:
267:
266:
255:
229:
228:
224:
223:
185:
184:
180:
179:
176:
163:
162:
159:
146:
145:
142:
128:
127:
124:
110:
109:
106:
92:
91:
87:
86:
84:
83:
78:
65:
62:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5441:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5399:Modern nomads
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5334:Baloch people
5332:
5331:
5329:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5298:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5256:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5214:
5213:Hazara people
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5203:Brahui people
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5168:Baloch people
5166:
5165:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5071:
5067:
5062:
5053:
5048:
5046:
5041:
5039:
5034:
5033:
5030:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4946:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:Indo-Iranians
4916:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4871:Bukharan Jews
4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4793:Arab-Persians
4790:
4789:
4788:
4785:
4780:
4776:
4775:
4774:
4771:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4720:
4715:
4711:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:Southern Lurs
4660:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4639:
4634:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4618:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4567:
4566:Baloch tribes
4563:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4538:Ethnic groups
4536:
4532:
4525:
4520:
4518:
4513:
4511:
4506:
4505:
4502:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4285:Urdu speakers
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4056:
4054:
4049:
4047:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4028:
4016:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:Ethnic groups
3857:
3853:
3846:
3841:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
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3507:
3506:Baloch tribes
3500:
3495:
3493:
3488:
3486:
3481:
3480:
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3464:
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3450:
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3443:Baloch people
3441:
3438:
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3138:
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3131:. p. 57.
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2872:Inside Ormara
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2440:0-416-11530-6
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2016:
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1987:
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1968:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1946:
1942:
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1933:
1927:
1923:
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1911:
1907:
1905:
1904:Baloch nomads
1899:
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1341:
1340:Siraj Raisani
1338:
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1332:
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1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1316:Muniba Mazari
1314:
1311:
1307:
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1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:Hasnain Lehri
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1272:Bilal Lashari
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1254:
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1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
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1214:
1211:
1210:Muslim League
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:Sarfraz Bugti
1170:
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911:
907:
898:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
870:
865:
858:
852:
847:
840:Baloch tribes
839:
837:
834:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
807:
802:
798:
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788:
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713:
710:
706:
700:
698:
697:Adud al-Dawla
694:
690:
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682:
678:
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661:
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331:
327:
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290:
281:
276:
271:
265:
261:
257:
256:
253:
248:
244:
240:
234:
230:
225:
222:
215:
210:(in Pakistan)
208:
201:
198:
194:
190:
186:
181:
177:
175:
170:
164:
160:
158:
153:
147:
143:
141:
129:
125:
123:
111:
107:
105:
93:
88:
79:
75:
67:
66:
63:
58:
51:
46:
39:
30:
19:
18:Kaloi (tribe)
5414:Pastoralists
5167:
4977:Baháʼí Faith
4881:Persian Jews
4840:Tats of Iran
4765:Yidgha–Munji
4680:Mazanderanis
4559:
4440:Meghwar Bhil
4092:
3875:
3430:
3414:I. B. Tauris
3409:
3393:
3362:
3321:
3301:
3291:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3255:
3246:
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3220:
3210:
3202:The National
3201:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3147:
3137:
3123:
3116:
3107:
3101:
3089:. Retrieved
3085:
3076:
3067:
3057:
3041:. ABC-CLIO.
3037:
3030:
3022:
3014:
3006:
2998:
2986:. Retrieved
2982:
2973:
2954:
2948:
2939:
2930:
2921:
2916:
2907:
2901:
2887:
2880:
2871:
2865:
2853:. Retrieved
2848:
2844:
2808:
2802:
2779:
2773:
2761:. Retrieved
2756:
2747:
2735:. Retrieved
2731:the original
2721:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:the original
2695:
2675:
2668:
2648:
2641:
2621:
2614:
2602:. Retrieved
2598:the original
2588:
2573:
2563:
2552:
2540:. Retrieved
2530:
2522:
2513:
2505:
2500:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2460:. Retrieved
2450:
2430:
2424:
2412:. Retrieved
2405:the original
2396:
2389:
2369:
2347:. Retrieved
2343:
2316:. Retrieved
2312:
2302:
2282:
2275:
2265:
2259:
2248:
2241:
2232:
2218:
2212:
2193:
2187:
2170:
2166:
2157:
2130:
2118:. Retrieved
2114:the original
2103:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2054:
2039:
2032:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2008:
1993:
1986:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1955:
1948:
1938:
1935:
1920:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1886:
1879:
1872:agriculture,
1868:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1843:
1836:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1801:
1794:
1782:. Retrieved
1757:. Retrieved
1753:
1731:
1724:. Retrieved
1719:
1695:. Retrieved
1691:
1658:
1651:
1643:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1613:. Ethnologue
1605:
1596:
1592:
1583:
1575:
1561:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1530:
1500:
1476:Sulaimankhel
1472:Waziri tribe
1459:
1454:
1334:Danish Nawaz
1296:in Pakistan.
1222:Kaifi Khalil
1130:Aftab Baloch
1051:
1044:
1033:
1025:Ahl-i Hadith
1014:
1008:
972:
960:
944:
934:
923:
914:
905:
902:
874:
835:
823:
818:
814:
812:
745:
714:
701:
662:
647:
630:
613:
570:
510:
503:Mihira Bhoja
496:
491:
487:
465:
445:
437:Central Asia
417:Western Asia
329:
288:
286:
251:
232:
196:
174:Turkmenistan
73:
32:Ethnic group
29:
5275:Balochistan
5159:Culture and
5070:Balochistan
4987:Manichaeism
4982:Khurramites
4866:Armeno-Tats
4395:Salvi Mewar
4366:Spin Tareen
4275:Rajasthanis
3800:Yarahmadzai
3304:. Pakistan.
3148:Daily Times
3091:28 November
2737:7 September
2711:7 September
2414:17 November
2349:30 December
2318:30 December
2173:(1/2): 30.
2023:pastoralism
1617:20 November
1328:Yasir Nawaz
1294:Balochistan
1244:Latif Khosa
1166:Akbar Bugti
1118:, English,
1076:, Bezenjo,
775:British Raj
723:during the
721:Balochistan
581:Ameer Hamza
550: 1884
507:Nagabhata I
472:Caspian Sea
448:Balochistan
429:Afghanistan
409:Balochistan
247:Sunni Islam
157:Afghanistan
5328:Categories
5107:Government
4642:Feyli Lurs
4626:Bakhtiaris
4574:Bashkardis
4383:Rajasthani
4292:Nuristanis
4195:Hindkowans
4004:Pakistanis
3916:Nuristanis
3785:Sarmastani
3517:Al Balushi
3223:. Pakistan
3068:The Nation
2988:20 January
2855:6 December
2250:Department
2120:3 November
1784:20 October
1726:20 October
1697:20 October
1470:who are a
1420:Al Balushi
1148:Naz Baloch
1126:languages.
1107:Red Mosque
1027:movement.
997:See also:
877:Jalal Khan
844:See also:
830:folk songs
791:See also:
689:Ghaznavids
639:Jalal Khan
635:Rind tribe
619:Qarmatians
439:, and the
411:region of
5284:Education
5270:Districts
5258:Geography
5007:Yarsanism
4997:Mazdaznan
4992:Mazdakism
4967:Assianism
4932:Languages
4845:Yaghnobis
4800:Basseries
4749:Oroshoris
4685:Ossetians
4670:Mamasanis
4656:Hasanvand
4410:Shumashti
4265:Gujaratis
4215:Kashmiris
3994:Armenians
3961:Qizilbash
3718:Rakhshani
3693:Mollazehi
3584:Dah Marda
3402:1875-9831
3371:1873-9830
3227:21 August
2983:yfull.com
2604:3 January
2570:"AḤMADZĪ"
2538:. Ipcc.ch
2266:Gazetteer
2234:eastwards
1593:Dawn News
1522:Citations
1090:Partition
1086:Bhagnaris
957:Tribalism
949:based in
928:based in
904:known as
899:Divisions
893:Hoth Khan
889:Rind Khan
859:Tradition
828:and sing
468:Balasagan
462:Etymology
386:, plural
183:Languages
5244:Mehrgarh
5239:Gondrani
5193:Diaspora
5178:Language
5135:Tumandar
5130:Governor
5112:politics
5092:Mehrgarh
5066:Province
5012:Yazidism
5002:Scythian
4815:Semnanis
4807:Sistanis
4787:Persians
4773:Pashtuns
4742:Badzhuis
4735:Shughnis
4649:Hadavand
4594:Kumzaris
4584:Farsiwan
4579:Dehwaris
4373:Punjabis
4356:Pashtuns
4339:Shughnan
4334:Sariquli
4255:Muhajirs
4180:Gujarati
4115:Bengalis
4009:Russians
3966:Turkmens
3936:Punjabis
3931:Pashtuns
3768:Sanjrani
3763:Qaisrani
3743:Lanjwani
3703:Mullazai
3686:Baranzai
3669:Jhangail
3619:Gurchani
3547:Bhurgari
3542:Bhagnari
3537:Barazani
3392:(eds.).
3381:"Balūch"
3361:(eds.).
2763:21 April
2179:41682407
2092:"Baloch"
1977:pastoral
1479:Ahmadzai
1474:and the
1468:Ahmadzai
1460:Ahmadzai
1374:See also
1040:Islamism
1017:Deobandi
993:Religion
969:Genetics
920:Pakistan
910:tumandar
753:and the
751:Safavids
691:and the
673:Khorasan
658:Sasanian
623:Kalmatis
611:, Iran.
484:Sanskrit
480:Sasanian
476:Lake Van
421:Pakistan
398:pastoral
392:) are a
264:Hinduism
252:Minority
245:(mainly
233:Majority
227:Religion
104:Pakistan
5188:Cuisine
5079:History
4876:Hazaras
4830:Talyshs
4820:Shabaks
4722:Pamiris
4633:Shehnis
4612:Yazidis
4560:Balochs
4545:Achomis
4482:Uyghurs
4472:Turkmen
4420:Sindhis
4400:Saraiki
4378:Purigpa
4324:Pamiris
4314:Paharis
4260:Biharis
4250:Marwari
4245:Makrani
4235:Ladakhi
4210:Kalkoti
4190:Hazaras
4140:Chinese
4135:Burusho
4120:Biharis
4103:Khetran
4078:Afghans
3999:Indians
3951:Hazaras
3926:Pashayi
3921:Pamiris
3896:Gurjars
3805:Zardari
3790:Shirani
3753:Leghari
3738:Khetran
3708:Noohani
3698:Mugheri
3644:Kulachi
3634:Kalmati
3629:Kalbali
3594:Darzada
3589:Damanis
3579:Chhutta
3574:Chandio
3532:Bajkani
3527:Bahrani
3522:Ashkani
3247:ARYNEWS
3166:ARYNEWS
2784:103–104
2542:24 June
2476:Miller
2462:17 July
1869:nomadic
1598:reside.
1509:Jadgals
1505:Brahuis
1483:Ghilzai
1464:Pashtun
1120:Persian
1021:Barelvi
869:shalwar
748:Persian
693:Seljuqs
654:Caspian
597:Karbala
593:Yazid I
591:Caliph
589:Umayyad
567:in 1808
529:History
394:nomadic
389:بلۏچانٚ
371:Balochi
221:English
200:Persian
189:Balochi
144:500,000
72:
5409:Nomads
5249:Gadani
5183:Cinema
5161:places
5072:topics
4972:Bábism
4911:Origin
4886:Shihuh
4825:Tajiks
4758:Wakhis
4705:Kudars
4691:Digors
4589:Gilaks
4550:Aimaqs
4467:Kyrgyz
4462:Turkic
4457:Torwal
4445:Memons
4430:Kutchi
4425:Jadgal
4349:Yidgha
4319:Palula
4280:Tamils
4270:Memons
4205:Kalash
4185:Gurjar
4165:Gabaro
4150:Dogras
4130:Broqpa
4125:Brahui
4110:Bateri
4098:Dehwar
4093:Baloch
3971:Uzbeks
3956:Kyrgyz
3946:Turkic
3941:Tajiks
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