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to spare his life and allow him a place to live within his empire. Parikshit decided that Kali would live in "gambling houses, in taverns, in women and men of unchaste lives, in slaughtering places and in gold". And as long as
Parikshit ruled India, Kali stayed within the confines of these five places. This act allowed Dharma to regain his legs and the earth to be relieved of much burden. However, Parikshit was later cursed to die by snake bite after hunting in the forest and throwing a dead snake on an unresponsive sage practicing austerities. Upon the emperor's death, "Kali made his way to other places like wild fire and established his power throughout the length and breadth of the whole world."
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750:, the demon's allies attacked her and all except Kali were killed. Having the power to possess the bodies of immortal and mortal beings, he entered the hearts of man and escaped, using the men he possessed to corrupt the primordial scriptures by deliberately miswriting them, generating widespread chaos. Because Kali was "invisible, unimaginable, and present in all" the only way to correct the chaos born from the miswritten texts was to completely renew the sacred scriptures entirely. Thus Vishnu descended to earth as
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1000:(Hindu goddess of misery). The series of their descendants is also somewhat varied from our text; being in each descent, however, twins which intermarry, or Lobha (covetousness) and Nikriti, who produce Krodha (wrath) and Hinsá: their children are, Kali (wickedness) and Durukti (evil speech): their progeny are, Mrityu (death) and Bhí (fear); whose offspring are, Niraya (hell) and Yátaná (torment).
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589:. Kali was intent on breaking all the legs that supported the reign of dharma so he could effect the expansion of his own dark reign on earth. The earth goddess cried for she had once been plentiful, but when Krishna ascended to heaven, she was forsaken and all of the prosperity left from the world. She feared evil kings like Kali would continue to lay waste to the earth.
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831:. The author comments, "Unlike most battles between devas and asuras, however, this apparent victory is immediately undercut, for Kali escapes to reappear in 'another age'—in our age, or the next Kali Age." Since he had the power to manifest himself in human form on earth, he was able to forsake his dying corporeal form to escape in spirit.
965:(wrath). These are all called the inflictors of misery, and are characterised as the progeny of Vice (Adharma). They are all without wives, without posterity, without the faculty to procreate; they are the terrible forms of Vishńu, and perpetually operate as causes of the destruction of this world. On the contrary,
585:. The Emperor noticed the ox was standing on one of his legs because the other three had been broken by Kali. Dharma explained his four legs represented "austerity, cleanliness, mercy and truthfulness", but he had only the leg of "truth" to stand on since the other three had been broken by kali over the preceding
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and assisting, training and teaching Kalki on Dharma, Karma, Artha and knowledge of most ancient and necessary Wisdom with military and social perspective but also help, support and join his fight against evils as greater guidance, his marriage, his preparation for war against the asura Kali, and the
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When
Parikshit raised his sword to kill Kali, the sudra stripped himself of his royal garments and prostrated himself at the emperor's feet. The emperor knew Kali tainted the world with his evil and so had no place in it and raised his sword once more. But Kali interceded again and begged the emperor
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medicine without the sage's knowledge. The sage told him that the curse would end when he was about to eat his own daughter. Once he regained his true form, Indivara taught
Svarocisa the Ayurveda medication, which he used to cure Manorama's friends. He later married the three and had three sons with
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Kali was in love with ‘‘Varuthini’’ and had been rejected by her in the past. He saw how she hungered for the
Brahmin, so he took on the appearance of Pravara and came before the courtesan. He led her into the bedchamber and told her to close her eyes during their sex . As they made love, Varuthini
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sacrifice and leading his armies behind the horse as it runs freely from kingdom to kingdom. If any evil king tries to stop the horse, Kalki engages them in combat. After defeating them, he continues to follow the horse until all evil kingdoms are vanquished. When Kali finally faces Kalki's forces,
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The beginning of the Kalki Purana describes Kali's lineage starting with the Brahma, his great-great-grandfather, and ending with the birth of his grandchildren. Instead of being born of poison from the churning of the ocean of milk, he is the product of a long line of incestuous monsters born from
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lessons. This skill awakened Nala from Kali's control and allowed him (with the help of
Damayanti's curse and Karkotaka's venom) to exorcise the asura (demon); vomiting him in the form of poison from his mouth. Nala forced Kali's trembling spirit into a Vibhitaka tree. He then counted the fruits of
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Despite his prosperity, Svarocis was unhappy in his life and could hear the ducks and deer talking about him behind his back. One day he went hunting and took aim at a boar, but a deer came through the clearing and asked to be shot in its place. When he enquired why, the deer told him that she was
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and the other a carrier of diseases. Manorama had knowledge of a powerful spiritual weapon, but did not know how to wield it, so she taught it to
Svarocisa. When the asura leaped out of the forest and grabbed ahold of the woman, Svarocis called forth the weapon. But the asura stayed his hand and
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went hunting in the forest. Just then in the middle of the way, Kali appeared before him and asked permission to enter his kingdom, which the king denied. Upon insisting, Parikshit allowed him five places to reside: where there is gambling, alcohol consumption, prostitution, animal slaughter and
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where he discovered his body had been mortally stabbed and burned during his battle with the two devas. The stench of his blood billowed out and filled the atmosphere with a foul odor. When Dharma and Satya burst into the city, Kali tried to run away, but, knowing his family had been destroyed,
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and had kept in the palace,Parikshit was attracted to the beauty of the crown and started wearing it from then on)and spoiled his thoughts. Parikshit entered the hut of a sage named
Shamika as he was thirsty. He found the sage in deep meditation. He bowed to him several times but there was no
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Some Hindus considered Kali's presence in the picture to be a representation of the Muslim community. When one of the versions of these pamphlets came into the possession of a state official in 1893, he commented that the image "contained a representation of a
Musalman advancing to slay the
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cow ...". One book states, "The
Magistrate found Muhammadans excited because they heard a picture was in circulation representing a Muhammadan with a sword drawn sacrificing a cow, and this they considered an insult." In 1915, a color version of this picture run by the
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is of an owl. Fourth, whenever
Alakshmi enters a house, families fight and turn on one another. The presence of Kali and his family on earth causes mankind to fight and turn on one another. Finally, Alakshmi is said to ride a donkey. Kali also rides a donkey in the
523:. After climax, Kali, still-as-Pravara, left the apsara and returned to his abode. Varuthini soon became pregnant and nine months later gave birth to a human child that not only looked like the Brahmin but possessed his soul as well. The authors of the book
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response. In anger, he took a dead snake and threw it around the sage's neck. Later when the sage's son, Shringin, heard of this incident he cursed the king to die of snake bite on the seventh day. On hearing this, the king forswore the throne for his son
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die that would be used in the fixed game. Kali forced Nala to lose and, each time, he would raise the stakes higher despite the protest of his advisors and wife. Finally, Nala lost his kingdom to Pushkara. Both he and Damayanti were exiled to the forest.
1513:, the transformation in the clouds of the Four Gods into impersonations of King Nala, the Swan Messengers of Love, the transformation of Kali into a serpent, and the meeting of Kali and Dwarpa and the Four Gods amidst the Blue Air.
383:). Intending to exorcise the devil within him, the serpent bit Nala, injecting him with deadly poisons that forever tortured Kali. The venom also changed Nala into an ugly dwarf named Bahuka. He later became the charioteer of the
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During their exile, Kali drove Nala to abandon Damayanti, who later enacted a curse against everyone that had caused the downfall of her husband. She eventually returned home after a short time as a handmaiden to the Princess of
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In another version, Kali stipulates that he would only marry the apsara if she keeps her eyes closed while they are in the forest (presumably making love). However, Kali leaves after their marriage and the birth of their son
973:, the elders of mankind, tend perpetually to influence its renovation; whilst the Manus and their sons, the heroes endowed with mighty power, and treading in the path of truth, constantly contribute to its preservation.
733:. Still others more commonly state that Shiva drank alone.) A little portion of poison that wasn't swallowed by Shiva became the body of Kali. From this poison also came, "cruel objects like snakes, wolves, and tigers."
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resided. There were many different editions of this version. For instance, one showed a woman labeled "The Hindu" waiting with bowl-in-hand for the cow's calf to finish suckling before she could get milk. A form of
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was given a magical ointment that allowed him to fly. But when he flew to the Himalayas, the ointment was washed away from the bottoms of his feet keeping him from returning home to his wife. During this time, the
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In another version of the tale, Kali enters into the Emperor's crown when Parikshit gives him permission to reside wherever there is gold. Upon returning home after offending the sage, Parikshit says to himself,
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and waited twelve long years for the right moment to strike. Because Nala had rendered himself impure by not washing his feet before his prayers, Kali was able to bewitch his soul. Kali then appeared before
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describes Kali as wearing the garments of a king' and portrays him as a brownish-skinned asura (demon) with a dog-like face, protruding fangs, pointed ears and long green bushy hair, wearing a red
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I am ill able, O Dvapara, to suppress my anger. I shall possess Nala, deprive him of his kingdom, and he shall no more sport with Bhima's daughter. Entering the dice, it behoveth thee to help me.
535:. Svarocisa grows up to become a very learned scholar of the Vedas and learns to speak the languages of all creatures from one of his three wives. He later marries a goddess and fathers
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and spent his last seven days listening to the discourses of sage Shuka, compiled as the Bhagavata Purana under the banyan tree of Shukratal. As prophesied, the snake king
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comment this was an example of the Sanskrit phrase "from his semen and from her thinking," meaning the child was indeed Pravara's child because she believed it was his.
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Varuthini fell madly in love with him and begged the Brahmin to stay with her forever. But eventually, he rejected her. He prayed to Agni who returned him home safely.
471:(worship) bone. The Kalki Purana says that this asura (demon) chose gambling, liquor, prostitution, slaughter and illicitly obtained gold as his permanent abodes." The
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dressed as a king who was beating a cow and an ox with a club. Parikshit immediately led his chariot over to the scene and angrily berated the sudra for abusing the
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coupled with his grievous wounds, he "entered his unmanifested years". This might lead some to believe he died, but one version of the Kalki Purana in the book
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To differentiate him from the goddess Kali, the asura Kali is sometimes referred to as "Kalipurush" (Kali the being), a somewhat 'understood' convention since
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really the goddess of the forest and wished to marry Svarocisa. So he embraced the deer and she turned into a beautiful woman. Together, they had a son named
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breaks down and God-worship is forsaken by man. All through the second, third, and fourth stages, man forgets the name of god and no longer offers
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per se is one of Hinduism's notoriously non-consensual phrases before which sense of it is intended in a particular usage is also indicated.
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the cow and Kali was, again, harassing her with his sword. Still, a different one deleted the woman and calf and instead portrayed Dharmaraj
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deity has his own line of offspring that work against the asura and his family to bring balance to the world. The following comes from the
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period was over. When his family takes human form on earth, they further taint the hearts and minds of mankind to bring about the end of
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414:. The day Duryodhana was born, he unleashed a donkey-like scream which the donkeys outside the home replied to. Despite the advice from
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There are a number of connections and similarities between Kali and Alakshmi. First and foremost, Alakshmi's sister is the consort of
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avatar to earth to defeat Kali. Second, legends say she was born either from the churning of the ocean of milk, the poison from
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935:(deceit) and Vedaná (grief), who became their wives. The son of Bhaya and Máyá was the destroyer of living creatures, or
608:’s neck. Therefore, I now understand that Kali Yuga has taken his revenge on me. How shall I escape this grievous sin?"
1413:("cow protection leagues") and "wandering ascetics" as a protest against the Muslim practice of beef-eating during the
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1437:" butchers. Another portrayed Kali raising a sword above the head of a sacred cow, whose body was illustrated to be a
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abode is in gold; this was on my head; hence I had so evil a thought that, having taken a dead snake cast it on the
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and invited him to play a game of dice with his brother, guaranteeing Nala's downfall. Dvapara took the form of the
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his entire family blood line is wiped out by the avatar's generals and he presumably dies from wounds inflicted by
1417:. These pamphlets were produced in a time when Hindu-Muslim riots over cow slaughter occurred in several areas of
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and her sons who supervise evil also came from Kshirasagara ." Alakshmi is the elderly twin sister of the Goddess
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the tree and left in search of his wife and later regained his true form. Kali returned to his abode as well.
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noticed that his body became flaming hot and believed it was because his Brahmin spirit was infused with the
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says Mrityu and Bhayanak are his brother and sister. Mrityu is even represented as male instead of female.
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Sastri, Natesa S. M. Hindu Feasts: Fasts And Ceremonies: Fasts and Ceremonies. Laurier Books Ltd., 2003 (
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Years later, King Rituparna revealed to Bahuka the supreme skill of controlling the dice in exchange for
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1433:(1917). One such pamphlet entitled "The Present State" showed a cow being slaughtered by a trio of "
718:, the god of wind, rubbed in his hands to reduce its potency. Then a small portion was given to god
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personified. Kalki, meanwhile, battles and simultaneously kills the asura's most powerful generals,
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kept the child because of his blind love for his son and overlooked his responsibility as the King.
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below) Kali and his family were created by Brahma to hurry the dissolution of the cosmos after the
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Anti-beef eating pamphlet (1890 CE) showing Kali (far right) attempting to slaughter a sacred cow
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left this earth, Kali, "who promotes all kinds of irreligious activities", came into this world.
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Sexuality, Obscenity, And Community: Women, Muslims, and the Hindu Public in Colonial India.
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The remainder of the tale describes Kalki's childhood, military training under the immortal
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is his sister, Alakshmi would be a second wife because she is not directly related to him.
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1425:(1893), when a total of 100 people died in similar conflagrations throughout the empire;
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in the name of the devas and all of mankind to rid the cosmos of Kali's dark influence.
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caught the attention of the colonial censors and was presumably censored in some way.
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berated the sage for enacting a curse for such a minor offence, he cursed one to be a
780:. During the decisive battle between Kali and Kalki's armies, Kali tried to face both
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After setting off to wage war against the evils of the world with his armies, Emperor
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as her husband. In anger, Kali spoke to his companion Dvapara, the personification of
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austerities on Mt. Kailas and was cursed to be captured by a asura. When her friends
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states Kali does not die but, instead, escapes through time and space to live in the
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illicitly acquired gold. Kali smartly entered into Parikshit's golden crown (which
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decisive war between the two. Kalki kicks off his campaign by performing the
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and her mate. However, this was no ordinary sudra and these were no ordinary
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1751:. Ed. Peter Galison and Stephen Graubard. Transaction Publishers, 2001 (
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1355:’s back. Third, Alakshmi takes the form of an owl. Kali's emblem on his
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In this version, Mrisha is the wife of Adharma and not Himsa or Mithya.
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bit Parikshita, who left his mortal remains behind and attained Moksha.
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drank first and Shiva last and that Vayu himself is an aspect of Shiva.
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them. He learned the languages of all creatures from Vibhavari and the
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In this version, Himsa is Adharma's wife instead of his granddaughter.
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poison created from churning the ocean or from a lineage created from
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is one of the major antagonists of Kali, it is important to note this
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Photos of the Gods: The Printed Image and Political Struggle in India
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A very large detailed painting of King Parikshit about to kill Kali.
2178:"Paradox of the Indian Cow: Attitudes to Beef Eating in Early India"
867:(Falsehood). Adharma was originally created from Brahma's back as a
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1347:. As previously mentioned, Kali is said to have been born from the
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Jagannath Dasa's Harikathamrutasara (Quintessence of Hari's Saga)
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Varuthini. Svarocisa once traveld to Mt. Mandara and was met by
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1493:(1921): This big-budget film depicts a famous episode from the
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states Kali is "of a class of mythic beings (related to the
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Lakshmi: The Goddess of Wealth and Fortune-An Introduction
1903:
Gitavali: Complete Works of Goswami Tulsidas (Volume III)
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Monier-Williams, Monier, Sir.Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1248:(Torture). Again, there are some discrepancies here. The
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to be trampled on the battlefield. Kali retreated to the
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squeezed his neck to keep it from reaching his stomach.
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ceremony and discovered she had overlooked the deities
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1296:because he tried to covertly obtain the secrets of
1199:gives a different account of his children's names.
996:(hypocrisy) and Máyá (deceit), who were adopted by
919:(immorality): they intermarried, and had two sons,
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410:brothers. His companion Dvapara became his uncle
379:from fire (where he was cursed to suffer by sage
295:Kali became jealous when he was late to Princess
1660:"Asura | Hindu mythology | Britannica"
1470:("mankind, look at the meat-eating souls of the
1468:he manusyaho! Kaliyugi Mansahari jivom ko dekho
329:
2276:કલિયુગનાં ચાર આશ્રયસ્થાન (Kaliyuga's mainstay)
1178:. These were the sons of Dharma; one of whom,
418:to discard the evil baby, Duryodhana's father
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1747:Graubard, Stephen R. and Everett Mendelsohn.
1288:explained he was actually Manorama's father,
874:B. K. Chaturvedi, a modern translator of the
335:Kali traveled to the great Nala's kingdom of
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1343:(who helped churn the ocean) or the back of
463:describes him as a huge being, the color of
776:Kali dies one-third of the way through the
647:. During the first stage of Kali Yuga, the
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2238:Angelika Malinar, 'Hindu Cosmologies', in
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1042:The progeny of Dharma by the daughters of
929:(hell); and twins to them, two daughters,
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1728:The Bedtrick: Tales of Sex and Masquerade
1589:Pramod Kapoor as Kali (cameo appearance)
2268: – Podcast of Kali's tale from the
2057:. Vakils Feffer & Simons Ltd, 2003 (
1989:. University of California Press, 1980 (
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1841:
1796:"Canto 1: Creation, Chapter 18, Verse 6"
871:(a very dark and deadly sinful object).
859:(Illusion). He is the great-grandson of
754:, the compiler of the sacred scriptures
283:Damayanti speaking with a celestial swan
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1230:), gave him two offspring: a son named
1120:(correction, polity, and prudence); by
402:Kali was then later incarnated as king
275:The Gandharvas mentioned in Mahabharata
2244:A Continuum Companion to Hindu Studies
2228:Plot Summary for Nala Damayanti (1921)
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1987:The Origins of Evil in Hindu Mythology
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1964:
1890:The Prema-Sagara: Or the Ocean of Love
821:The Origins of Evil in Hindu Mythology
791:, but was overwhelmed and fled on his
694:, twin devils adept in the dark arts.
539:, one of the progenitors of mankind.
36:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1730:. University Of Chicago Press, 2000 (
30:Not to be confused with the goddess
7:
2099:. Princeton University Press, 2000 (
839:Kali is the great-great-grandson of
909:(violence), on whom he begot a son
847:(Anger) and his sister-turned-wife
632:
319:(and ultimately himself) to choose
1905:. India: Prachya Prakashan, 1979 (
1693:. New Delhi: Diamond Books, 2004 (
894:, which is a father purana to the
851:(Violence). He is the grandson of
706:version of the legend, during the
25:
1405:Kali's image was used in several
238:, with both vowels short; from a
27:Nemesis of Hindu deity lord Kalki
2480:
1316:One source states, "Kali's wife
799:had been destroyed, leaving his
181:
2292: – See chapters 16 and 17.
2205:press founded by Indian artist
1821:"Canto 1: Creation, Chapter 17"
992:(falsehood), and the father of
551:states the very day and moment
1464:mat maro gay sarv ka jivan hai
882:and its obnoxious offshoots."
261:of the Hindu preserver deity,
1:
2278: – The tale of Kali and
1954:Still, some traditions state
1866:"See chapters 16, 17, and 18"
1394:The color version run by the
1015:enumerates Adharma among the
708:churning of the ocean of milk
698:Churning of the ocean of milk
372:. Nala, meanwhile, saved the
1943:In another version given by
1234:(Fear) and a daughter named
988:, Adharma is the husband of
915:(falsehood), and a daughter
863:(Impropriety) and his wife,
743:was decapitated by Vishnu's
702:According to a lesser known
406:, eldest of the one hundred
1985:O'Flaherty, Wendy Doniger.
1539:Nala Damayanti (1921 film)
1378:Religious violence in India
1368:Contemporary representation
1255:Kali is the grandfather of
1222:Kali's sister-turned-wife,
661:. It is at this point when
473:Sanskrit-English Dictionary
253:and acts as the nemesis of
244:
233:
2869:
2159:Palgrave Macmillan, 2006 (
1454:("Ruler of Dharma") stood
1441:paradise in which all the
1371:
769:
710:, a great poison known as
623:
438:had claimed after killing
356:Duryodhana as depicted in
272:
29:
2802:
2478:
2290:Srimad Bhagavatam: Cant 1
1975:Chapter X Samudra mathana
222:
54:
44:
2786:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
2303:(Boons received by Kali)
2133:. Reaktion Books, 2004 (
2078:. Penguin Global, 2001 (
1374:Communalism (South Asia)
1244:(Hell) and a girl named
855:(Vanity) and his sister
61:Poster of Kali fighting
1214:was the son of Dharma.
1098:(sacred tradition); by
814:of his capital city of
201:question marks or boxes
2097:Provincializing Europe
1777:. Pustak Mahal, 2005 (
1409:circulated by various
1402:
1387:
1019:(Lords of Creatures).
758:and the writer of the
621:
364:
333:
284:
257:, the tenth and final
189:This article contains
2129:Pinney, Christopher.
2095:Chakrabarty, Dipesh.
1612:Raviz Thakur as Kali
1608:Namah Lakshmi Narayan
1547:Nal Damayanti (1988)
1542:Khorshedji Bilimoria
1393:
1385:
1372:Further information:
1142:(good behaviour); by
643:and the beginning of
619:
355:
282:
2053:Pattanaik, Devdutt.
1462:of the cow pleading
1132:(understanding); by
1046:were as follows: by
714:was produced, which
631:Brahma's back. (See
487:and golden jewelry.
2074:Krishna, Nanditha.
1922:Mutalik, Keshav M.
1595:Devi Adi Parashakti
1585:Krishna (TV series)
1202:It is described in
843:. He is the son of
657:(offerings) to the
360:popular drama from
46:Personification of
2838:Demons in Hinduism
2215:2009-04-11 at the
2076:The Book of Vishnu
1749:Science in Culture
1576:Television serial
1486:In popular culture
1403:
1388:
1188:(joy) by his wife
1023:Dharma personified
961:(greediness), and
622:
565:, the grandson of
525:Science in Culture
365:
285:
2820:
2819:
2252:978-0-8264-9966-0
1926:. Bombay: Focus (
1773:Prasad, Ramanuj.
1689:Chaturvedi, B.K.
1616:
1615:
1566:
1565:
1429:(1912–1913); and
1423:Azamgarh district
1170:(enjoyment); and
984:According to the
497:Markandeya Purana
491:Markandeya Purana
287:According to the
197:rendering support
177:
176:
16:(Redirected from
2860:
2484:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2308:
2270:Bhagavata Purana
2254:
2236:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2180:. Archived from
2174:
2168:
2153:
2142:
2127:
2108:
2093:
2087:
2072:
2066:
2051:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1972:
1959:
1941:
1935:
1920:
1914:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1868:. Archived from
1862:
1856:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1823:. Archived from
1817:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1798:. Archived from
1792:
1786:
1775:Know The Puranas
1771:
1760:
1745:
1739:
1726:Doniger, Wendy.
1724:
1718:
1708:
1702:
1687:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1650:
1645:
1573:
1528:
1509:, the Heaven of
1497:, starting with
1480:Ravi Varma Press
1197:Bhagavata Purana
1150:(perseverance).
986:Bhagavata Purana
980:Bhagavata Purana
736:Later, when the
665:reincarnates as
569:, came across a
549:Bhagavata Purana
543:Bhagavata Purana
521:sacrificial fire
481:Bhagavata Purana
455:Puranic accounts
425:At the onset of
247:
236:
225:
224:
185:
184:
59:
37:
21:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2812:Hindu mythology
2798:
2709:
2627:
2485:
2476:
2344:
2335:
2262:
2257:
2240:Jessica Frazier
2237:
2233:
2226:
2222:
2217:Wayback Machine
2200:
2196:
2187:
2185:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2154:
2145:
2128:
2111:
2094:
2090:
2073:
2069:
2052:
2039:
2031:
2027:
2019:
2012:
2005:
2001:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1962:
1942:
1938:
1921:
1917:
1900:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1875:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1846:
1839:
1830:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1805:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1772:
1763:
1746:
1742:
1725:
1721:
1709:
1705:
1688:
1667:
1662:. 18 July 2023.
1658:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1621:
1571:
1526:
1488:
1411:Agorakshanasabh
1380:
1370:
1335:, who sent his
1305:from Kalavati.
1220:
1090:(cupidity); by
1025:
1009:
982:
888:
837:
774:
768:
700:
692:Koka and Vikoka
628:
614:
545:
493:
457:
277:
271:
206:
205:
204:
195:Without proper
186:
182:
172:
170:
168:
166:
137:
83:transliteration
65:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2866:
2864:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2825:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2495:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2354:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2273:
2266:Places of Kali
2261:
2260:External links
2258:
2256:
2255:
2231:
2220:
2194:
2169:
2155:Gupta, Charu.
2143:
2109:
2088:
2067:
2037:
2025:
2010:
1999:
1978:
1960:
1936:
1915:
1901:Bahadur, S.P.
1894:
1882:
1857:
1837:
1812:
1787:
1761:
1740:
1719:
1703:
1665:
1651:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1577:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1491:Nala Damayanti
1487:
1484:
1369:
1366:
1257:Svarocisa Manu
1219:
1216:
1206:as the eldest
1158:(prosperity);
1154:gave birth to
1082:(content); by
1074:(precept); by
1024:
1021:
1008:
1005:
981:
978:
969:and the other
887:
884:
836:
835:Family lineage
833:
767:
764:
699:
696:
633:Family Lineage
624:Main article:
613:
610:
544:
541:
537:Svarocisa Manu
492:
489:
456:
453:
270:
267:
199:, you may see
187:
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
136:
135:
129:
122:
120:
116:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
92:
88:
87:
84:
77:
76:
73:
67:
66:
60:
52:
51:
45:
42:
41:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2865:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2777:Bhagavad Gita
2774:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:Other deities
2630:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2338:Hindu deities
2332:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2184:on 2021-02-11
2183:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1932:81-7154-787-7
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1872:on 2021-09-19
1871:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1827:on 2021-09-19
1826:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1802:on 2021-09-19
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1784:
1783:81-223-0912-7
1780:
1776:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1716:0-19-864308-X
1713:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1699:81-288-0588-6
1696:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1648:SECTION LVIII
1644:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:Kalki 2898 AD
1554:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:'s ascent of
1500:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1303:Padmini vidya
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1250:Vishnu Purana
1247:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1056:(desire); by
1055:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1037:Vishnu Purana
1034:
1030:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
979:
977:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
959:
954:
950:
946:
942:
939:(death); and
938:
934:
933:
928:
927:
922:
918:
914:
913:
908:
904:
899:
897:
893:
892:Vishnu Purana
886:Vishnu Purana
885:
883:
881:
877:
872:
870:
869:malina pataka
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
834:
832:
830:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
787:
783:
779:
773:
765:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
746:
742:
739:
734:
732:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
697:
695:
693:
689:
685:
680:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
651:
646:
642:
638:
634:
627:
618:
611:
609:
607:
603:
601:
594:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
554:
550:
542:
540:
538:
534:
528:
526:
522:
517:
512:
510:
505:
502:
498:
495:According to
490:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
454:
452:
450:
446:
441:
437:
432:
428:
423:
421:
420:Dhritarashtra
417:
413:
409:
405:
400:
397:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
375:
371:
363:
359:
354:
350:
347:
343:
338:
332:
328:
326:
322:
318:
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2833:Kali (demon)
2791:
2784:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2686:Gramadevatas
2620:
2469:
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2223:
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2182:the original
2172:
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2028:
2002:
1986:
1981:
1939:
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1870:the original
1860:
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1825:the original
1815:
1804:. Retrieved
1800:the original
1790:
1774:
1748:
1743:
1727:
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1691:Kalki Purana
1690:
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1561:Kamal Haasan
1515:
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1410:
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1330:
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1061:
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1013:Linga Purana
1010:
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900:
896:Kalki Purana
889:
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873:
868:
864:
852:
848:
844:
838:
827:of the next
820:
815:
795:because his
778:Kalki Purana
775:
735:
723:
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648:
641:Dvapara Yuga
629:
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612:Kalki Purana
598:
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461:Kalki Purana
458:
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424:
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396:horsemanship
393:
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325:Dvapara Yuga
286:
242:
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188:
18:Kali (Demon)
2770:Mahabharata
2681:Kuladevatas
2460:Vishvakarma
1600:Arpit Ranka
1550:Nalin Dave
1505:. It shows
1495:Mahabharata
1439:microcosmic
1415:British raj
1294:Brahmamitra
1271:practicing
1204:Mahabharata
1195:Again, the
1192:(delight).
1033:personified
947:(disease),
923:(fear) and
905:(vice) was
789:personified
674:Parashurama
650:varnashrama
289:Mahabharata
269:Mahabharata
91:Affiliation
2848:Antichrist
2827:Categories
2752:Upanishads
2671:Gandharvas
2395:Dattatreya
2207:Ravi Varma
2203:lithograph
2188:2007-03-10
2165:0312295855
2139:1861891849
2105:0691049092
2084:0670049077
2063:8187111585
1995:0520040988
1911:8121506697
1892:(PDF ONLY)
1876:2007-03-07
1853:8120604024
1831:2007-03-07
1806:2007-03-07
1757:0765806738
1736:0226156427
1625:Antichrist
1579:Played by
1569:Television
1534:Played by
1503:Mount Meru
1443:Hindu gods
1435:Muhammadan
1397:Ravi Varma
1017:Prajapatis
955:(sorrow),
786:Satya Yuga
770:See also:
726:poison of
688:Satya Yuga
679:Ashvamedha
575:sacred cow
485:loin cloth
477:Gandharvas
445:Janamejaya
440:Jarasandha
404:Duryodhana
358:Yakshagana
273:See also:
218:Devanāgari
191:Indic text
173:Vishbrahma
71:Devanagari
2691:Rakshasas
2561:Mahavidya
2504:Saraswati
2491:Goddesses
2420:Kartikeya
2280:Parikshit
2246:, p. 80.
2007:CHAP. VII
1945:Shaivites
1472:Kali Yuga
1452:Dharmaraj
1407:pamphlets
1401:(c. 1912)
1345:Prajapati
1277:Vibhavari
1232:Bhayanaka
1210:brother,
1148:Vyavasaya
951:(decay),
880:Kali Yuga
825:Kali Yuga
772:Kali Yuga
645:Kali Yuga
600:Kali Yuga
563:Parikshit
533:Svarocisa
516:gandharva
431:Parikshit
427:Kali Yuga
389:Rituparna
377:Karkotaka
362:Karnataka
337:Nishadhas
297:Damayanti
293:gandharva
251:Kali Yuga
171:Niraswati
169:Dumvishnu
114:Genealogy
2843:Rakshasa
2807:Hinduism
2763:Ramayana
2705:Yakshini
2611:Shashthi
2571:Matrikas
2556:Mahadevi
2358:Trimurti
2284:Gujarati
2213:Archived
2209:in 1894.
1619:See also
1602:as Kali
1460:in front
1450:labeled
1431:Shahabad
1357:war flag
1349:halahala
1318:Alakshmi
1311:Dyutiman
1298:Ayurveda
1290:Indivara
1281:Kalavati
1265:Manorama
1080:Santosha
1048:Shraddha
998:Nirritti
816:Vishasha
808:war flag
724:Kalakuta
712:halahala
449:Takshaka
342:Pushkara
301:marriage
210:Hinduism
162:Children
156:Alakshmi
142:Siblings
134:(mother)
128:(father)
81:Sanskrit
2757:Puranas
2745:Atharva
2714:Texts (
2701:Yakshas
2696:Vahanas
2666:Dikpāla
2639:Apsaras
2591:Rukmini
2566:Matangi
2514:Parvati
2509:Lakshmi
2499:Tridevi
2425:Krishna
2405:Hanuman
2400:Ganesha
2390:Chandra
2385:Ashvins
2301:Kaliyan
1949:Parvati
1518:Purusha
1448:Krishna
1427:Ayodhya
1326:Durukti
1322:Lakshmi
1273:Tapasya
1228:Calumny
1224:Durukti
1218:Progeny
1208:Pandava
1058:Lakshmi
1050:he had
958:Trishńa
917:Nikriti
903:Adharma
861:Adharma
812:citadel
805:charged
797:chariot
760:Puranas
637:pralaya
556:Krishna
504:Pravara
501:Brahmin
469:Upasthi
412:Shakuni
408:Kaurava
385:Ayodhya
152:Consort
146:Durukti
119:Parents
75:कलि/कली
48:Adharma
2661:Devata
2654:Danava
2649:Daitya
2644:Asuras
2606:Shakti
2596:Sanjna
2586:Rohini
2546:Shachi
2531:Chhaya
2450:Varuna
2440:Shasta
2430:Kubera
2368:Vishnu
2363:Brahma
2250:
2242:(ed.)
2163:
2137:
2103:
2082:
2061:
1993:
1930:
1909:
1851:
1781:
1755:
1734:
1714:
1697:
1630:Dajjal
1531:Films
1507:Swarga
1499:Narada
1456:behind
1353:Brahma
1341:Vasuki
1333:Vishnu
1261:Apsara
1246:Yatana
1241:Naraka
1236:Mrityu
1186:Harsha
1184:, had
1172:Kírtti
1161:Siddhi
1156:Kshema
1139:Vinaya
1123:Buddhi
1117:Vinaya
1114:, and
1084:Pushti
1076:Tushti
1071:Niyama
1066:Dhriti
1044:Daksha
1029:Dharma
1027:Since
994:Dambha
990:Mrishá
971:rishis
967:Daksha
963:Krodha
945:Vyádhi
937:Mrityu
926:Naraka
912:Anrita
865:Mithya
853:Dambha
845:Krodha
841:Brahma
793:donkey
782:Dharma
748:avatar
745:Mohini
728:Vasuki
704:Madhva
684:Dharma
663:Vishnu
583:Dharma
579:bovine
567:Arjuna
553:avatar
499:, the
416:Vidura
381:Narada
346:Vrisha
315:, and
313:Varuna
291:, the
263:Vishnu
259:avatar
167:Mrityu
126:Krodha
108:Naraka
98:Adharm
2853:Asura
2740:Yajur
2725:Vedas
2576:Radha
2541:Ganga
2536:Durga
2526:Bhumi
2521:Aditi
2445:Surya
2410:Indra
2373:Shiva
2342:texts
2034:55:13
2022:55:14
1636:Notes
1511:Indra
1419:India
1399:Press
1337:Kalki
1285:leper
1190:Nandi
1176:Yasas
1167:Sukha
1152:Santi
1134:Lajja
1129:Bodha
1107:Danda
1101:Kriya
1096:Sruta
1092:Medhá
1088:Lobha
1062:Darpa
941:Dukha
921:Bhaya
907:Himsá
849:Himsa
829:kalpa
766:Death
756:Vedas
752:Vyasa
738:asura
720:Shiva
667:Kalki
659:devas
655:yajna
620:Kalki
587:yugas
571:Sudra
509:nymph
436:Bhima
387:King
370:Chedi
305:Indra
255:Kalki
165:Bhaya
132:Himsa
104:Abode
95:demon
63:Kalki
2793:more
2735:Sama
2716:list
2676:Gana
2622:more
2616:Sita
2601:Sati
2581:Rati
2551:Kali
2471:more
2465:Yama
2455:Vayu
2435:Rama
2415:Kama
2380:Agni
2350:Gods
2340:and
2248:ISBN
2161:ISBN
2135:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2080:ISBN
2059:ISBN
2032:See
2020:See
1991:ISBN
1956:Vayu
1928:ISBN
1907:ISBN
1849:ISBN
1779:ISBN
1753:ISBN
1732:ISBN
1712:ISBN
1695:ISBN
1524:Film
1474:").
1376:and
1279:and
1269:sage
1181:Kama
1144:Vapu
1112:Naya
1053:Kama
1011:The
953:Soka
949:Jará
932:Maya
857:Maya
784:and
741:Rahu
731:nāga
716:Vayu
686:and
606:sage
547:The
514:The
465:soot
459:The
374:naga
321:Nala
317:Yama
309:Agni
240:root
234:Kali
228:IAST
214:Kali
86:Kali
40:Kali
32:Kali
2730:Rig
2282:in
1174:to
1164:to
801:owl
299:'s
245:kad
223:कलि
208:In
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2703:/
2201:A
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2112:^
2040:^
2013:^
1963:^
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