120:
134:
671:
62:
490:, the ancestor or patron god. The Baiame story tells how Baiame came down from the sky to the land, and created rivers, mountains, and forests. He then gave the people their laws of life, traditions, songs, and culture. He also created the first initiation site. This is known as a bora; a place where boys were initiated into manhood. When he had finished, he returned to the sky, and people called him the Sky Hero or All Father or Sky Father. He is said to be married to
614:, and 2.7 metres (3 yd) further on a scarecrow figure with trousers and jacket stuffed with grass, representing a white man. As the youths passed along this track, the significance of the symbols and their relevance to tribal beliefs was explained. Further down the path, a yammunyamun image of a bullock was formed from bark, dirt and the animal's skull. At 131 metres (143 yd), a 2.7-metre (9 ft) long representation of Baiame and his spouse
43:
104:
648:
148:
90:
76:
331:. The language is no longer spoken, as the last fluent speakers died in the 1950s. However, some parts have been reconstructed by late field work, which includes substantial recordings of the related language, Yuwaalaraay, which continued to be spoken down to the 1980s. Analysing these materials has permitted a good deal of reconstructive work.
502:. In rock paintings Baiame is often depicted as a human figure with a large head-dress or hairstyle, with lines of footsteps nearby. He is always painted in front view; Turramūlan is drawn in profile. Baiame is often shown with internal decorations such as waistbands, vertical lines running down the body, bands and dots.
498:. In other stories Turramūlan is said to be brother to Baiame. It was forbidden to mention or talk about the name of Baiame publicly. Women were not allowed to see drawings of Baiame nor approach Baiame sites, which are often male initiation sites (boras). Women were instead instructed by Turramūlan's sister,
454:
were among the important animals hunted. Fish were also consumed, as were crayfish, mussels, and shrimp. Men typically hunted, cleaned, and prepared the game for cooking. Women did the actual cooking, in addition to fishing and farming. Individual
Kamilaroi did not eat animals that were their totems.
618:
lay, moulded from the earth, respectively on the right and left of the track. Further on, still on the left, was a carved figure of the Emu, apparently crouching, its head pointed towards the large bora. To its right, a further 2.7 metres (3 yd) on, was
1978:
2051:
582:
soil, roughly 23 metres (75 ft) in diameter, with the scraped earth used to create an embanked ring about 20–23 centimetres (8–9 in) high to fence off the sacred space, apart from one opening which led into a
610:, figures cut into the exposed sapwood of trees along the route, or drawn on the ground. On the occasion observed by Mathews, on the right hand side, 82 metres (90 yd) down the track, was a mocked up
2423:
666:
followed by
English. A small example, created by the Coonabarabran Gamilaraay Language Circle (Suellen Tighe, Maureen Sutler, Sid Chatfield & Peter Thompson), is given below. (See adjoining image.)
1986:
989:
3245:
659:
651:
2267:
1791:
2416:
466:. The Kamilaroi were regarded as fierce warriors and there is ample evidence of intertribal warfare. The Northern Gamilaroi people have a strong cultural connection with the
3280:
1568:
Tighe, S., Sutler, M., Chatfield, S., Thompson, P. & National Parks & Wildlife
Service. Notice Board at entrance to Sandstone Caves walk (observed 8 May 2018)
1586:
3273:
623:, Baiame's fire, a 30-centimetre (1 ft) high mound with a lit fire on top. A further 16 metres (18 yd) on, parallel to the track and on Goomee's side, a
362:, during their rites of initiation. In these systems, the normal profane terms used in everyday speech had to be substituted with the special mystical vocabulary.
3308:
3238:
2409:
1703:
287:, bearing the sense of "having". It is a common practice among Australian tribes to have themselves identified according to their respective words for "no".
2263:
1911:
438:
The
Kamilaroi were hunters and agriculturalists with a band-level social organisation. Important vegetable foods were yams and other roots, as well as a
2239:
3252:
3217:
956:
3266:
458:
The nation was made up of many smaller family groups who had their own parcels of land to sustain them. One of the great Kings of this tribe was "
3313:
567:
site especially prepared for the occasion. Tribes ready to participate in such rituals are contacted, and the ceremonies lasted several days.
442:
grain, which was made into a bread. Insect larvae, frogs, and eggs of several different animals were also gathered. Various birds, kangaroos,
3259:
2372:
2300:
2003:
1858:
1830:
1204:
2358:
999:
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or narrows pathway that ran some 250 metres (270 yd) off to a smaller circle, some 14 metres (47 ft) in diameter, called a
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125:
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521:. His attempts to capture them were blocked by Turramūlan, a one-eyed, one-legged legendary figure associated with the
2148:
2081:
2029:
1301:
670:
2016:
A grammar of
Yuwaalaraay and Gamilaraay: a description of two New South Wales languages based on 160 years of records
374:'s estimation, the Gamilaraay's tribal domains encompassed some 75,000 km (29,000 sq mi), from around
328:
2190:
639:. At last, there was a carving of a full tribal man on one side of the track, and an aboriginal woman on the other.
1850:
1822:
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375:
67:
47:
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in the Hunter Valley through to the
Warrumbungle Mountains in the west and up through the present-day centres of
1231:
1200:
924:
658:
The
Sandstone Caves (within the Pilliga Nature Reserve) are co-managed by the Gamilaraay people together with
2360:
Aboriginal Tribes of
Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
1268:
According to a recent study of
Kamilaroi cosmological lore, for them "the appearance of the Emu began at the
2186:
2160:
675:
336:
133:
2432:
1690:
912:
559:
whereby
Gamilaraay youths are inducted by initiation into full membership of the tribe was conducted at a
403:
340:
295:
260:
223:
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1885:
1281:
918:
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248:
1678:
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3121:
2390:
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1957:
1288:, at which point the dust lanes expand with the body of the Emu, reaching the maximum thickness with
1869:
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3128:
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324:
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1947:
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518:
332:
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187:
1321:
In ritual speech these terms were substituted respectively with the corresponding sacred words,
61:
603:, trimmed and turned upside down so that the roots, decorated with twists of bark, flared out.
3197:
3166:
3087:
2581:
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2368:
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1999:
1854:
1826:
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1183:
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982:
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560:
291:
1816:
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2107:
2060:
1965:
1902:
1844:
1138:
1094:
191:
42:
2240:"More Indigenous midwives equals strong cultural connection for mothers and babies: expert"
1979:"In First Contact, Ray Martin explores his Aboriginal ancestry and passion for photography"
3190:
3145:
3111:
2992:
2980:
2436:
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1236:
1214:
1072:
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252:
109:
103:
81:
2152:
526:
2401:
2311:
1961:
647:
631:, a serpentine creature, and, 14 metres (15 yd) on the other side of the path, two
298:
vehicular ferry "Kamilaroi" (1901–1933), the stage name of Australian rapper and singer
2996:
2518:
2354:
1912:"Brooke Boney set to be one of the few young Indigenous women on commercial television"
1293:
1277:
1218:
1060:
947:
900:
895:
544:
471:
459:
371:
147:
1969:
3297:
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1881:
1305:
1285:
1196:
1174:
1159:
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1078:
1012:
993:
491:
299:
139:
1934:
Fuller, Robert S.; Anderson, Michael G.; Norris, Ray P.; Trudgett, Michelle (2014).
2924:
2896:
2777:
2651:
2483:
1273:
1210:
1099:
1055:
1033:
1021:
1007:
939:
933:
606:
The pathway leading novices from the larger to the smaller circle was adorned with
407:
207:
1728:
1042:- Country Music Singer also known as the Black Elvis and the Koori King of Country
3027:
2917:
2868:
2770:
2707:
2539:
1297:
1109:
1084:
1045:
976:
632:
475:
153:
2164:
2903:
2889:
2742:
2700:
2665:
2623:
2602:
2191:"Languages of some native tribes of Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria"
1155:
1149:
1143:
1134:
1039:
952:
838:
Kamilarai, Kamilari, Kamilaroi, Kamilarai, Kamularoi, Kaamee'larrai, Kamileroi
636:
624:
494:(Birran-gnulu), who is often identified as an emu, and with whom he has a son
427:
423:
256:
89:
75:
1774:
635:, followed then by a turkey's nest, an earth-stuffed porcupine's skin, and a
343:, while Corinne Williams wrote a thesis on the Yuwaaliyaay dialect spoken at
3041:
2945:
2938:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2784:
2721:
2476:
2364:
1280:, which form the start of the neck, down the dust lanes of the Milky Way to
522:
495:
451:
439:
2511:
3048:
2959:
2952:
2875:
2854:
2847:
2763:
2735:
2728:
2686:
2679:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2595:
2553:
2546:
2525:
2052:
The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
1289:
1269:
467:
463:
415:
391:
383:
379:
303:
272:
17:
3055:
3034:
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2910:
2882:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2756:
2749:
2693:
2658:
2560:
2532:
2072:
1792:"Brooke Boney on being commercial breakfast TV's first indigenous star"
1187:
447:
399:
395:
344:
517:) and cornered them in a mother-tree where they were transformed into
3069:
2966:
2209:
575:
487:
2064:
2046:
1935:
2285:
Carved Trees: Aboriginal cultures of western NSW, Gamilaroi Country
2014:
1704:"Kurtley Beale, an Aboriginal Wallaby trying to fill in the blanks"
2861:
2791:
2714:
2588:
2469:
1952:
669:
646:
307:
1015:– rapper, singer and songwriter whose stage name is derived from
921:– contemporary artist and co-founder artist collective PROPPA NOW
591:, constructed in a similar fashion, Inside this ring two stumps (
3009:
2609:
1915:
2405:
2316:. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
1556:
1146:– Young Australian of the year NSW 2020, DeadlyScience founder
443:
1936:"The Emu Sky Knowledge of the Kamilaroi and Euahlayi Peoples"
1846:
Searching for Aboriginal Languages: Memoirs of a Field Worker
988:, Author Culture of Inclusion: Indigenous Climate Adaptation
470:
people, and the tribes met regularly for joint ceremonies at
1309:
537:) The seventh of Miai-miai, being less beautiful, was shy (
354:
The Gamilaraay, like many other tribes, taught young men a
1996:
The Biggest Estate on Earth: How Aborigines made Australia
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1681:
By Marni Olsson-Young, Carlton Media on 17 December 2019
538:
282:
276:
310:
wheat have all been named after the Kamilaroi people.
1030:– artist, designer, teacher, elder, actor, and author
1118:– waterpolo player who competed in two Olympic games
3079:
3019:
2503:
2461:
2443:
2196:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales
1351:
1349:
217:
201:
181:
176:
166:
1818:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
1644:AFL Players Association Indigenous Player map 2017
543:)and afraid and she was thus transformed into the
533:, a girdle that covered his invincible boomerang.(
1255:Greenway states that the term means "young men" (
811:Cumilri, Camelleri, Cummilroy, Comleroy, Cummeroy
505:In Kamilaroi star-lore myth it is recounted that
2141:"Interview with Ray Martin [transcript]"
1112:– electronic/pop/hip-hop singer and songwriter
2417:
2282:Purcell, Leigh (2011). Cumming, Helen (ed.).
2100:History and chronology of the myth-making age
8:
2264:"Pilliga Nature Reserve: Plan of Management"
2170:Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria
2147:(Interview). Interviewed by Peter Thompson.
1940:Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage
1870:"Groves, Herbert Stanley (Bert) (1907–1970)"
35:
1607:
829:Gumilroi, Gummilroi, Gummilray, Ghummilarai
2424:
2410:
2402:
654:notice board with Gamilaraay/English texts
34:
3218:List of Australian Aboriginal group names
2208:
2121:The native tribes of south-east Australia
2097:Hewitt, James Francis Katherinus (1901).
1951:
1790:Chrysanthos, Natassia (17 January 2019).
1472:
2080:Greenway, Charles C. (21 August 1901a).
1448:
1367:
1256:
957:Chief Minister of the Northern Territory
680:
1998:. Allen & Unwin. pp. 281–304.
1544:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1427:
1415:
1403:
1391:
1345:
1330:
1248:
985:– Queensland Women in STEM winner 2020
859:
2329:
2319:
1654:
1460:
710:Water & wind have caused this rock
27:Aboriginal nation in eastern Australia
3309:Aboriginal peoples of New South Wales
2223:"The Carved Trees of New South Wales"
2028:Greenway, C. C. (22 November 1901b).
1619:
1379:
1355:
1006:in 2013 via their reserve grade team
769:Minya minyabul ngarriylanha ngiyani.
674:Sandstone Caves, Gamilaraay country,
662:. All interpretive signage is in the
7:
2365:Australian National University Press
2343:"Kamilaroi, Gamilaraay, or Gomeroi?"
1589:from the original on 9 November 2022
1276:, which formed the Emu's head, then
595:) formed from uprooted trees, one a
513:set out in pursuit of the Pleiades (
259:. They form one of the four largest
177:Regions with significant populations
2047:"Kamilaroi language and Traditions"
1666:
1631:
2268:Office of Environment and Heritage
2165:"The Bora of the Kamilaroi Tribes"
1910:Fryer, Brooke (21 December 2018).
1874:Australian dictionary of Biography
1557:Office of Environment and Heritage
820:Ghummilarai, Cammealroy, Kahmilari
25:
2487:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW)
2082:"Borah, "boohra," or "boorhung.""
1970:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2014.02.04
1152:– NRL player for Penrith Panthers
826:Goomeroi, Gamilaraay, Gamillaraay
739:Garriya minyagaa ngiilay gaanga!
2310:"Samuels, Charles (1864–1912)".
2293:State Library of New South Wales
2106:. J. Parker and Co. – via
1977:Galvin, Nick (7 November 2014).
1075:(1931–2020) – activist and elder
1069:(born 1951) – activist and elder
915:(born 1988) - traditional artist
772:Giirr dhamali dhawundu nginunha!
146:
132:
118:
102:
88:
74:
60:
41:
2395:Australian Indigenous Astronomy
1691:AFL PLayers Indigenous Map 2023
1579:"Vale Uncle Lyall Munro Senior"
955:– former politician and former
747:Our ancestors made stone tools.
627:was depicted, and after it the
545:least visible of the 7 Pleiades
281:, meaning "no", and the suffix
261:Indigenous nations in Australia
251:people whose lands extend from
2021:Australian National University
942:- Rugby League player for the
841:Kimilari, Karmil, Kamil, Kahml
1:
3314:New England (New South Wales)
2045:Greenway, Charles C. (1878).
2030:"Berryberry, aboriginal myth"
2013:Giacon, John (October 2014).
1702:Lutton, Phil (10 July 2015).
1081:- Australian rules footballer
1024:- Australian rules footballer
781:Around here there are plants,
486:Kamilaroi tradition includes
474:near the present-day town of
247:and other variations, are an
2248:Special Broadcasting Service
1920:Special Broadcasting Service
1177:– Australian NRL player for
1158:– first and only Aboriginal
765:Giirr dhulubaraay dhibaraay,
714:The caves were made long ago
539:
327:is classified as one of the
283:
277:
2313:Charles Samuels (1864-1912)
1759:"The Balnaves Award Winner"
1679:Plane's Indigenous identity
785:We have everything we need.
712:to change over a long time.
3330:
2444:Aboriginal language groups
2391:"Kamilaroi & Euahlayi"
2231:Australian Museum Magazine
1851:Cambridge University Press
1823:Cambridge University Press
1186:– writer and actor in the
1170:Cronulla Sutherland Sharks
936:– journalist and presenter
749:They sharpened their axes.
732:yarrul barraldanhi ganugu.
694:Yilambu yarrul biruubaraay
682:
519:yellow and white cockatoos
317:
48:Australian Aboriginal flag
3227:
3207:
2494:Western Bundjalung people
1983:The Sydney Morning Herald
1797:The Sydney Morning Herald
1708:The Sydney Morning Herald
1304:, eventually ending near
1130:North Melbourne Kangaroos
1048:– writer, actor, director
966:Australian Test cricketer
776:
760:
742:
725:
705:
683:
275:Gamilaroi is formed from
222:
206:
186:
171:
54:
40:
1868:Duncan, Alan T. (1996).
1232:Gamilaroi Nature Reserve
1213:- former NRL player for
1102:– former NRL player for
1087:– folk singer/songwriter
885:Notable Gamilaroi people
767:yuularaay dhawun nhalay.
699:Mulamula, nhalay yarrul!
2355:Tindale, Norman Barnett
1296:, and tapering towards
790:Let the land touch you!
787:We live with the land.
756:Don't collect anything!
734:Mubirr yarrula garray.
730:Yilambu dhurray marandu
578:, was cleared on loamy
2708:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay
2341:Smith, Hilary (2018).
2219:McCarthy, Frederick D.
2177:: 137–173 – via
2116:Howitt, Alfred William
1994:Gammage, Bill (2011).
1886:Howitt, Alfred William
1876:. Vol. 14. M.U.P.
979:– midwife and academic
913:Arkeria Rose Armstrong
835:Kahmilaharoy, Kamilary
751:They marked the rock.
690:nhalay yarrul ghalidu,
678:
655:
462:", who is buried near
329:Pama–Nyungan languages
296:Sydney Ferries Limited
224:Indigenous Australians
3233:By state or territory
2452:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic
1063:– contemporary artist
799:Alternative spellings
673:
650:
339:recorded some around
249:Aboriginal Australian
218:Related ethnic groups
3080:Aboriginal languages
2203:: 135–190, 154–159.
1891:Kamilaroi and Kurnai
996:– professional boxer
973:– professional boxer
688:Burranbalngayaldanhi
2234:. pp. 161–166.
2155:on 11 January 2016.
1962:2014JAHH...17..171F
1547:, pp. 145–146.
1430:, pp. 281–304.
1312:, pp. 174–175)
1217:and NSW blues, and
890:Traditional leaders
847:Koomilroi, Komleroy
817:Gamilaroi, Gamilroi
664:Gamilaraay language
637:kangaroo rat's nest
325:Gamilaraay language
37:
3246:Northern Territory
2575:Western Bundjalung
2504:Aboriginal peoples
2462:Aboriginal nations
2139:(16 August 2010).
1989:on 2 October 2016.
1583:Aboriginal Affairs
1310:Fuller et al. 2014
716:The rock is soft.
679:
656:
551:Rite of initiation
333:Robert M. W. Dixon
320:Gamilaroi language
196:Aboriginal English
188:Gamilaroi language
3291:
3290:
3281:Western Australia
2638:Gidhabal/Githabul
2374:978-0-708-10741-6
2302:978-0-7313-7206-5
2005:978-1-74237-748-3
1860:978-1-108-02504-1
1832:978-0-521-47378-1
1733:www.rugbypass.com
1729:"Lost generation"
1184:Thomas Weatherall
1179:Newcastle Knights
1168:– NRL player for
1137:– NRL player for
1093:– NRL player for
1002:– NRL player for
929:Gold Coast Titans
927:– NRL player for
907:Modern Gamilaraay
796:
795:
783:animals and food.
292:Kamilaroi Highway
229:
228:
162:
161:
16:(Redirected from
3321:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3220:
3213:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3170:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3132:
3131:(or Yuwaaliyaay)
3124:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3100:
3098:
3090:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3020:Aboriginal clans
3012:
3003:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
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2724:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2645:Gringai/Guringay
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2605:
2598:
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2584:
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2570:
2563:
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2419:
2412:
2403:
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2317:
2306:
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2278:
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2274:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2235:
2227:
2214:
2212:
2210:10.5962/p.359384
2182:
2156:
2151:. Archived from
2132:
2126:
2111:
2108:Internet Archive
2105:
2093:
2076:
2041:
2024:
2009:
1990:
1985:. Archived from
1973:
1955:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1906:
1903:Internet Archive
1896:
1877:
1864:
1836:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1777:on 22 March 2006
1773:. Archived from
1766:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1735:. 5 October 2020
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1699:
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1664:
1658:
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1646:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1608:Chrysanthos 2019
1605:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1585:. 17 July 2020.
1575:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1334:
1319:
1313:
1278:β and α Centauri
1266:
1260:
1253:
1139:Penrith Panthers
1095:Manly Sea Eagles
681:
612:bowerbird's nest
542:
335:and his student
286:
280:
235:, also known as
167:Total population
150:
136:
122:
106:
92:
78:
64:
56:
55:
45:
38:
36:Gamilaroi people
21:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3260:South Australia
3258:
3251:
3244:
3239:New South Wales
3237:
3232:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3110:
3103:
3097:(or Bundjalung)
3096:
3093:
3086:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3015:
3008:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2580:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2499:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2457:
2450:
2439:
2437:New South Wales
2430:
2389:
2386:
2384:Further reading
2381:
2375:
2353:
2340:
2328:
2318:
2309:
2303:
2288:
2281:
2272:
2270:
2262:
2253:
2251:
2238:
2225:
2221:(1 June 1940).
2217:
2185:
2159:
2135:
2124:
2114:
2103:
2096:
2079:
2065:10.2307/2841001
2044:
2027:
2012:
2006:
1993:
1976:
1933:
1924:
1922:
1909:
1894:
1880:
1867:
1861:
1841:Dixon, R. M. W.
1839:
1833:
1813:Dixon, R. M. W.
1811:
1802:
1800:
1789:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1738:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1590:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1527:
1519:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1402:
1398:
1390:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1366:
1362:
1354:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1333:, p. 159).
1329:, for example (
1320:
1316:
1272:under the star
1267:
1263:
1259:, p. 243).
1254:
1250:
1245:
1237:gurre kamilaroi
1228:
1215:Parramatta Eels
1192:Heartbreak High
1166:Jonathan Wright
1128:player for the
1104:Manly-Warringah
1073:Lyall Munro Snr
1067:Lyall Munro Jnr
1028:Mundara Koorang
1004:Sydney Roosters
971:Cameron Hammond
962:Jason Gillespie
944:Parramatta Eels
909:
892:
887:
868:
856:
801:
791:
786:
784:
782:
773:
768:
766:
757:
755:
750:
748:
738:
733:
731:
722:
720:
715:
713:
711:
702:
700:
696:warramayaanhi.
695:
693:
691:
689:
645:
643:Sandstone Caves
576:Baiame's ground
557:rite of passage
553:
484:
436:
420:New South Wales
412:Lightning Ridge
368:
356:secret language
349:Lightning Ridge
322:
316:
269:
253:New South Wales
156:
151:
142:
137:
128:
123:
112:
110:Jason Gillespie
107:
98:
96:Jonathan Wright
93:
84:
82:Cameron Hammond
79:
70:
65:
50:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3327:
3325:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3295:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3125:
3118:
3108:
3101:
3091:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2490:
2480:
2473:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2351:
2338:
2330:|website=
2307:
2301:
2279:
2260:
2250:. 11 July 2017
2236:
2215:
2187:Mathews, R. H.
2183:
2161:Mathews, R. H.
2157:
2133:
2112:
2094:
2086:Science of Man
2077:
2042:
2034:Science of Man
2025:
2019:(PhD thesis).
2010:
2004:
1991:
1974:
1946:(2): 171–179.
1931:
1907:
1882:Fison, Lorimer
1878:
1865:
1859:
1837:
1831:
1809:
1787:
1771:"Bellata Gold"
1767:
1765:. 31 May 2017.
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1720:
1694:
1683:
1671:
1659:
1647:
1636:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1570:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1535:, p. 144.
1525:
1523:, p. 138.
1513:
1501:
1499:, p. 143.
1489:
1487:, p. 142.
1477:
1475:, p. 168.
1473:Greenway 1901b
1465:
1453:
1451:, p. 243.
1432:
1420:
1418:, p. 194.
1408:
1406:, p. 195.
1396:
1394:, p. 159.
1384:
1382:, p. 218.
1372:
1360:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1314:
1261:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1219:Rothmans Medal
1208:
1194:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1162:in World War 2
1153:
1147:
1141:
1132:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1097:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1061:Tracey Moffatt
1058:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1010:
997:
991:
980:
974:
968:
959:
950:
948:Wigan Warriors
937:
931:
922:
916:
908:
905:
904:
903:
901:Mary Jane Cain
898:
896:Gambu Ganuurru
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
881:
875:
867:
864:
862:, p. 194
855:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
802:
800:
797:
794:
793:
775:
759:
741:
724:
704:
644:
641:
552:
549:
525:. They called
500:Muni Burribian
483:
480:
472:Boobera Lagoon
435:
432:
426:in south west
372:Norman Tindale
367:
364:
318:Main article:
315:
312:
268:
265:
227:
226:
220:
219:
215:
214:
204:
203:
199:
198:
184:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
172:approx. 13,000
169:
168:
164:
163:
160:
159:
157:
152:
145:
143:
138:
131:
129:
124:
117:
114:
113:
108:
101:
99:
94:
87:
85:
80:
73:
71:
66:
59:
52:
51:
46:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3326:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3240:
3236:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3219:
3215:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3169:(or Dharawal)
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3063:Wallumettagal
3060:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2989:Wanggeriburra
2985:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2491:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2415:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2376:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2323:
2315:
2314:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2286:
2280:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2145:Talking Heads
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2095:
2092:(7): 117–118.
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1897:. Melbourne:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1463:, p. 90.
1462:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1449:Greenway 1878
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:Greenway 1878
1252:
1249:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:Kurtley Beale
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1175:Connor Watson
1173:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1160:fighter pilot
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1122:Tarryn Thomas
1120:
1117:
1116:Nathan Thomas
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1079:Natalie Plane
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:– NRL player
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:The Kid Laroi
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
998:
995:
994:Damien Hooper
992:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
967:
963:
960:
958:
954:
951:
949:
945:
941:
938:
935:
932:
930:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
910:
906:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
889:
884:
879:
876:
873:
870:
869:
865:
863:
861:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
803:
798:
792:
788:
779:
774:
770:
763:
758:
752:
745:
740:
735:
728:
723:
717:
708:
703:
697:
686:
685:Nhalay Yarrul
677:
672:
668:
665:
661:
653:
649:
642:
640:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
581:
577:
573:
568:
566:
562:
561:Bora ceremony
558:
550:
548:
546:
541:
536:
532:
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492:Birrahgnooloo
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30:
19:
2925:Wirraayaraay
2897:Wangaaypuwan
2778:Nhaawuparlku
2652:Gumbaynggirr
2616:
2394:
2359:
2346:
2312:
2284:
2271:. Retrieved
2252:. Retrieved
2243:
2229:
2200:
2194:
2174:
2168:
2153:the original
2144:
2120:
2099:
2089:
2085:
2056:
2050:
2037:
2033:
2015:
1995:
1987:the original
1982:
1943:
1939:
1923:. Retrieved
1901:– via
1890:
1873:
1845:
1817:
1801:. Retrieved
1795:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:the original
1762:
1737:. Retrieved
1732:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1707:
1697:
1686:
1674:
1662:
1650:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1603:
1591:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1564:
1552:
1545:Mathews 1897
1540:
1533:Mathews 1897
1528:
1521:Mathews 1897
1516:
1511:, p. 4.
1509:Purcell 2011
1504:
1497:Mathews 1897
1492:
1485:Mathews 1897
1480:
1468:
1456:
1428:Gammage 2011
1423:
1416:Tindale 1974
1411:
1404:Tindale 1974
1399:
1392:Mathews 1902
1387:
1375:
1368:Bellata Gold
1363:
1331:Mathews 1902
1326:
1322:
1317:
1306:μ Sagittarii
1302:3-Sagittarii
1264:
1251:
1211:Geoff Bugden
1100:Dale Shearer
1056:TV Presenter
1034:Michael Lett
1022:Shaleise Law
1016:
1008:Newtown Jets
940:Bevan French
934:Brooke Boney
919:Richard Bell
877:
871:
860:Tindale 1974
857:
850:Tjake, Tyake
789:
780:
777:
771:
764:
761:
753:
746:
743:
736:
729:
726:
721:Don't touch!
718:
709:
706:
698:
687:
684:
657:
633:death adders
628:
620:
615:
607:
605:
599:the other a
593:warrengahlee
592:
588:
584:
579:
571:
569:
564:
554:
534:
530:
527:Orion's Belt
514:
510:
504:
499:
485:
457:
437:
408:Collarenebri
369:
359:
353:
337:Peter Austin
323:
289:
270:
255:to southern
244:
240:
236:
232:
230:
208:Christianity
32:Ethnic group
29:
3177:Wemba Wemba
3139:Madhi Madhi
3129:Gamilaraay
3122:Dyirringany
3095:Bandjalang
3028:Cammeraygal
2918:Wemba-Wemba
2869:Yuwaalaraay
2771:Muthi Muthi
2540:Barranbinya
2435:peoples in
2137:Martin, Ray
2059:: 232–274.
1655:Galvin 2014
1593:25 November
1461:Hewitt 1901
1298:36-Ophiuchi
1110:Mitch Tambo
1091:George Rose
1085:Thelma Plum
1046:Nakkiah Lui
977:Donna Hartz
616:Gooberangal
608:yammunyamun
540:gurri gurri
509:, known as
476:Goondiwindi
446:, possums,
212:Traditional
154:Thelma Plum
68:George Rose
3304:Gamilaraay
3298:Categories
3253:Queensland
3146:Nganywyana
3105:Darkinjung
2993:Kombumerri
2904:Wanjiwalku
2890:Wandandian
2743:Malyangapa
2715:Kula/Kurnu
2701:Karenggapa
2666:Himberrong
2624:Gandangara
2617:Gamilaraay
2603:Djiringanj
2582:Darkinyung
2568:Bundjalung
2433:Aboriginal
2347:Winanga-li
2040:(10): 168.
1899:G Robinson
1620:Fryer 2018
1380:Dixon 2011
1356:Smith 2018
1323:ungogirgal
1156:Len Waters
1150:Luke Walsh
1144:Corey Tutt
1135:Brad Tighe
1052:Ray Martin
1040:Roger Knox
953:Adam Giles
874:(kangaroo)
866:Some words
832:Gunnilaroi
805:Cammealroy
676:Pilliga NR
585:thunburran
570:The major
511:Berriberri
496:Turramūlan
452:bandicoots
428:Queensland
424:Nindigully
257:Queensland
245:Kamillaroi
126:Ray Martin
3184:Wiradjuri
3167:Tharawal
3160:Ngunnawal
3153:Ngiyambaa
3114:(or Eora)
3042:Gorualgal
2997:Mununjali
2946:Wiradjuri
2939:Wilyakali
2841:Paaruntyi
2834:Paakantyi
2827:Ngunnawal
2820:Ngiyampaa
2785:Nari-Nari
2722:Kuringgai
2477:Kuringgai
2332:ignored (
2322:cite book
2129:Macmillan
1953:1403.0304
1341:Citations
1327:gungumoal
1294:λ Scorpii
1290:ε Scorpii
1221:recipient
1205:Wallabies
1106:and other
1017:Kamilaroi
1000:Ben Jones
925:Greg Bird
754:Look out!
719:Look out!
707:This rock
692:maayirru.
574:, called
523:Pole star
515:Miai-miai
460:Red Chief
440:sterculia
376:Singleton
358:, called
284:-(b)araay
241:Kamilaroi
233:Gamilaroi
182:Languages
18:Kamilaroi
3274:Victoria
3267:Tasmania
3212:See also
3198:Yugambeh
3088:Awabakal
3049:Jerrinja
3001:Tulgigin
2981:Yugambeh
2960:Wonnarua
2953:Wodiwodi
2876:Walbunja
2855:Tharawal
2848:Barindji
2764:Muruwari
2736:Kwiambal
2729:Kureinji
2687:Jukambal
2680:Jitajita
2631:Geawegal
2596:Djangadi
2554:Bigambul
2547:Bidjigal
2526:Awabakal
2357:(1974).
2244:SBS News
2189:(1902).
2163:(1897).
2118:(1904).
1925:23 March
1888:(1880).
1843:(2011).
1815:(2002).
1803:23 March
1781:21 April
1739:15 April
1713:15 April
1667:ABC 2010
1632:SBS 2017
1587:Archived
1286:γ2 Norma
1274:α Crucis
1270:Coalsack
1226:See also
1201:Waratahs
983:Toni Hay
858:Source:
808:Comleroy
778:The land
744:Long Ago
737:Ngamila!
701:Ngamila!
597:coolabah
482:Dreaming
468:Bigambul
464:Gunnedah
448:echidnas
416:Mungindi
392:Narrabri
388:Tamworth
384:Gunnedah
380:Quirindi
314:Language
304:cultivar
273:ethnonym
202:Religion
3112:Dharug
3056:Ngambri
3035:Gadigal
2987:Clans:
2974:Yaygirr
2932:Wiyabal
2911:Weilwan
2883:Walgalu
2813:Ngarigo
2806:Ngarbal
2799:Ngambaa
2757:Milpulo
2750:Maraura
2694:Galibal
2659:Gweagal
2561:Birrbay
2519:Arakwal
2073:2841001
1958:Bibcode
1763:Belvoir
1751:Sources
1282:η Lupus
1188:Netflix
844:Komeroi
823:Gomeroi
727:Yilambu
625:codfish
589:goonaba
434:History
400:Walgett
396:Wee Waa
366:Country
345:Walgett
237:Gomeroi
192:English
3191:Worimi
3070:Wangal
2967:Worimi
2673:Jeithi
2533:Banbai
2512:Anēwan
2371:
2299:
2254:1 June
2149:ABC TV
2071:
2002:
1857:
1829:
1325:, and
1207:player
1203:&
878:buruma
872:bundar
762:Dhawun
629:Currea
621:Goomee
535:burran
531:ghūtūr
488:Baiame
450:, and
302:and a
294:, the
2862:Thaua
2792:Ngaku
2589:Darug
2484:Murri
2470:Koori
2289:(PDF)
2273:9 May
2226:(PDF)
2125:(PDF)
2104:(PDF)
2069:JSTOR
1948:arXiv
1895:(PDF)
1243:Notes
1190:show
880:(dog)
853:Yauan
814:Duhai
601:belar
563:on a
507:Orion
422:, to
404:Moree
360:tyake
341:Moree
308:Durum
278:gamil
3010:Yuin
2610:Eora
2369:ISBN
2334:help
2297:ISBN
2275:2018
2256:2019
2000:ISBN
1927:2019
1916:NITV
1855:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1805:2019
1783:2006
1741:2023
1715:2023
1595:2022
1308:." (
1300:and
1292:and
1284:and
946:and
660:NPWS
652:NPWS
580:umah
572:bora
565:bora
555:The
444:emus
414:and
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290:The
271:The
267:Name
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194:and
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2179:BHL
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