1589:
Postnatal
Complications among Healthy Children and Children Diagnosed with ASD in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. J Gynecol Neonatal 2(1): 103; Kenneth Alibek, Sean Farmer, Albina Tskhay, Alibek Moldakozhayev and Kira Alibek., et al (2019) Tendencies in Changes of Blood Parameters and in Autistic Symptoms Improvements as a Result of Antiviral Treatment: Descriptive Case Series of 11 Children from Eastern Europe and Central Asia. J Clin Case Rep Clin Res 1(1): 102; Kenneth Alibek, Sean Farmer, Albina Tskhay, Alibek Moldakozhayev and Kira Alibek., et al (2019) The Role of Infection, Inflammation and Genetic Alterations in ASD Etiopathogenesis: A Review. J Neurol Psychiatr Disord 2(1): 105; Alibek K, Farmer S, Tskhay A, Moldakozhayev A, Isakov T (2019) Treatment of Chronic and Latent Infections Combined with Nutritional Supplementation Positively Affects Quality of Life of ASD Children: Series of 30 Cases. J Nutr Diet Suppl 3(1): 102; Alibek K, Niyazmetova L, Farmer S, Isakov T (2022) Persistent Inflammation Initiated by TORCH Infections and Dysbiotic Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Prospect for Future Interventions. Research Ideas and Outcomes 8: e91179.
642:, where he was engaged in the development of anti-cancer drugs and life-prolonging drugs, and was chairman of the board of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care and headed the National Scientific Center for Oncology and Transplantation. During his stay, he published a number of articles in research journals and taught various courses in various fields of biology and medicine. He focused on a possible role of chronic infections, metabolic disorders, and immunosuppression on cancer development. In 2011, he was awarded a prize from the Deputy Prime Minister for his contribution to the development of the educational system in Kazakhstan. In 2014, he was awarded a medal by the Minister of Education and Science of Kazakhstan for his contribution to research in Kazakhstan. He continues his work as an administrative manager of a research and medicine and education professor.
2022:
210:
192:
506:, and others. He also negotiated a concurrent appointment to a Biopreparat facility called Biomash. Biomash designed and produced technical equipment for microbial cultivation and testing. He planned to increase the proportion of its products sent to hospitals and civilian medical laboratories beyond the 40% allocated at the time.
665:
In
January 2020, Alibek issued a warning about COVID-19 and its potential as a global problem. His research on safe methods of protection against the virus ahead of a vaccine was later published in the journal Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO). He also wrote two chapters on methods to protect against
653:
In 2016, Alibek was chosen as one of the nominees in the "Science" category of the national project El
Tulgasy, which was designed to select the most significant citizens of Kazakhstan who are associated with national achievements. More than 350,000 people voted in this project, and Alibek was voted
561:
From 1993 to 1999, Alibek took on multiple R&D roles, including a visiting scientist at the
National Institute of Health, researching novel antigenic, potentially immunogenic substances for the development of tuberculosis vaccine; project manager at SRS Technologies where he researched, analyzed
645:
However, after seven years, no significant scientific results from Alibek's work developed. During these seven years, Alibek received more than 1 billion Tenge from the budget for "New
Systemic Therapy for Cancer Tumors" project he tried to implement. The promising Swedish technique has remained a
489:
proposing the cessation of
Biopreparat's biological weapons work. Gorbachev approved the proposal, but an additional paragraph was secretly inserted into Alibek's draft, resulting in a presidential decree that ordered the end of Biopreparat's biological weapons work but also required them to remain
333:
and other governments on biotechnology issues, saying he was “convinced that Russia’s biological weapons program has not been completely dismantled”. In 1994, Alibek received a congressional award, a bronze
Barkley medal awarded in recognition of distinguished public service and his contribution to
686:
and
Ukraine, and he consults mainly using free telemedicine services. During these studies, specific inflammation markers along with biochemical and neuropsychiatric parameters were identified as an objective measure of improvement in and a reduction of symptoms. Alibek has published 6 studies in
614:
Construction of the
Boryspil facility began in April 2007 and was completed in March 2008; initial production was scheduled to begin in 2008. The stated intention was that high-quality pharmaceuticals would be produced and become an affordable source of therapy for millions of underprivileged who
681:
based on his background as a board-certified oncologist and his own personal connection to the disorder through his daughter, Mary. He supports the idea that the disorder is the result of prenatal viral and bacterial infections. Multiple studies have been conducted with patients that have autism
618:
Alibek's main research focus was developing novel forms of therapy for late-stage oncological diseases and other chronic degenerative pathologies and disorders. He focuses on the role of chronic viral and bacterial infections in causing age-related diseases and premature aging. Additionally, he
509:
Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in
December 1991, Alibek was subsequently placed in charge of intensive preparations for inspections of Soviet biological facilities by a joint American and British delegation. But when he participated in the subsequent Soviet inspection of American
1588:
Alibek K, Farmer S, Tskhay A, Moldakozhayev A, Isakov T (2019) Etiotropic and Pathogenetic Therapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Case Series of 6 Children. J Neurol Psychiatr Disord 1(1): 105; Alibek K, Farmer S, Tskhay A, Moldakozhayev A and Isakov T (2019) Prevalence of Prenatal, Neonatal and
493:
Alibek used his position at Biopreparat and the authority granted to him by the first part of the decree to begin the destruction of the biological weapons to dismantle biological weapons production and testing capabilities at a number of research and development facilities, including
682:
spectrum disorder, including a 2018-2019 study with 57 patients, a 2021-2023 study with 142 patients and a 2023 study with 32 patients. In addition, more than 1,000 children have been treated using the protocol. His patients are located predominantly in nations in the former
432:(another name of the branch was the Berdsk scientific and production base). With the assistance of a colleague, he designed and constructed a microbiology research and development laboratory that worked on techniques to optimize the production of biological formulations.
2085:
412:
production facility and reserve biological weapons production plant intended for activation in a time of war. At Omutninsk, Alibek mastered the art and science of formulating and evaluating nutrient media and cultivation conditions for the optimization of
719:, "This is a theory that... does not hold up at all, and it does not make any sense from a biologic point of view...This idea...was straight off the wall. I would put no credence in it at all." In 2010, an article coauthored by Alibek appeared in
562:
and developed detailed synthesis reports regarding the biotechnological of foreign countries; and program manager at Battelle Memorial Institute overseeing research projects in medical biotechnology, biosynthesis and fermentation equipment.
817:
Fleitz, Alibek, Bryen, Rosett, Chang, DeSutter, Elliott, Faddis, Geraghty, Gibson (2020), Defending Against Biothreats: What We Can Learn from the Coronavirus Pandemic to Enhance U.S. Defenses Against Pandemics and Biological
531:
strain, producing hundreds of tons of the virus that could be disseminated with bombs or ballistic missiles. Information about the Soviet biological weapons program had already been provided in 1989 by the defected scientist
2107:
522:
In October 1992, Alibek and his family emigrated to the United States. After moving to the U.S., Alibekov provided the government with a detailed accounting of the former Soviet biological weapons program. During a
443:(another reserve BW facility) to become the new director of that facility. Officially, he was deputy director of the Progress Scientific and Production Association, a manufacturer of fertilizer and pesticide.
1982:
470:. He was promoted in 1988 to first deputy director of Biopreparat, where he not only oversaw the biological weapons facilities but also the significant number of pharmaceutical facilities that produced
646:
common concept, a panacea for cancer treatment has not appeared. Three submitted Alibekov patent applications for registration were rejected by the National Institute of Intellectual Property of the
329:
consultant, speaker, and entrepreneur. He had actively participated in the development of biodefense strategy for the U.S. government, and between 1998 and 2005 he testified several times before the
1987:
485:
In response to a Spring 1990 announcement that the Ministry of Medical and Microbiological Industry was to be reorganized, Alibek drafted and forwarded a memo to then General Secretary
588:, where he and his scientific team continued their development of advanced solutions for antimicrobial immunity. Motivated by the lack of affordable anti-cancer therapies available in
514:. In January 1992, not long after his return from the U.S., Alibek protested against Russia's continuation of bioweapons work and resigned from both the Russian Army and Biopreparat.
1496:
666:
the COVID-19 pandemic in the book Defending Against Biothreats: What We Can Learn from the Coronavirus Pandemic to Enhance U.S. Defenses Against Pandemics and Biological Weapons.
344:
Ohio-based Locus Fermentation Solutions hired Alibek in 2015 as executive vice president for research and development of biologically active molecules for different applications.
1746:
1214:
2222:
2242:
1880:
723:, a scientific journal, that outlined the results of their research showing that prior immunization with the vaccine Dryvax may confer resistance to HIV replication.
611:. Off-patent generic pharmaceuticals produced at this site are intended to target severe oncological, cardiological, immunological, and chronic infectious diseases.
596:, AFG was using Alibek's biotechnology experience to plan, build, and manage a new pharmaceutical production facility designed specifically to address this problem.
2217:
2039:
662:
Alibek has experience in vaccine development for pandemics. In 2006, his article on new principles for developing these vaccines was published in Future Medicine.
2012:
687:
peer-reviewed journals about the causes and treatment of Autism, and has one issued U.S. patent and three U.S. patent filings on his novel approach to treatment.
503:
450:, Alibek created an efficient industrial scale assembly line for biological formulations. In a time of war, the assembly line could be used to produce weaponized
2237:
599:
Alibek created a new pharmaceutical production company, MaxWell Biocorporation (MWB), in 2006 and served as its chief executive officer and president. Based in
960:
Testimony before the Senate Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies of the Committee on Appropriations
705:
2247:
966:
554:, serving as Distinguished Professor of Medical Microbiology and the program's Director of Education. He also developed the plans for the university's
2207:
1739:
436:
435:
After several promotions, Alibek was transferred back to Omutninsk, where he rose to the position of deputy director. He was soon transferred to the
2166:
1020:
1994 Congressional Award: Bronze medal named after Albane W. Barkley - Awarded by the U.S. Government in Recognition of Distinguished Public Service
2176:
1400:
944:
Testimony before the House Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relations of the Committee on Government Reform
1551:
Defending Against Biothreats: What We Can Learn from the Coronavirus Pandemic to Enhance U.S. Defenses Against Pandemics and Biological Weapons
1559:
547:
417:
growth. While there, he expanded his medical school laboratory skills into the complex skill set required for industrial-level production of
1624:
1814:
1732:
730:
sold over the Internet. It contains vitamins, minerals, and a proprietary bacterial mix that will purportedly "bolster the immune system".
1144:
615:
currently have no therapeutic options. Abilek stepped down as President of MWB in the summer of 2008 shortly after the facility opened.
2232:
1575:
300:
During his career in Soviet bioweaponry development in the late 1970s and 1980s, Alibekov managed projects that included weaponizing
1992:
1935:
1875:
1755:
1342:
774:
401:
376:, the republic's former capital. He is a certified oncologist, a doctor of science, doctor of philosophy and a doctor of medicine.
118:
780:"The Anthrax Vaccine: Is It safe? Does it Work?" (2002), Reviewer. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., Institute of Medicine.
2262:
2257:
647:
397:
357:
77:
1335:: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World – Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran It
1014:
2002 Business Forward Magazine Award: “Deals of the Year” for One of the Largest Federal Research Contracts for Small Businesses
767:: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World – Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran It
607:, MWB's main stated goal is create a new, large-scale, high-technology, ultra-modern pharmaceutical fill-and-finish facility in
558:
three (BSL-3) research facility and secured $ 40 million of grants from the federal and state governments for its construction.
2252:
2227:
2034:
985:, July 13, 2005: "Engineering Bio-terror Agents: Lessons Learned from the Offensive US and Russian Biological Weapons Programs"
51:
1005:
2005 Lecturer for on a “Russian-American Security Program of Harvard University’s John Kennedy Center for Government Studies
1549:
2212:
2171:
2156:
2075:
842:(2002), Second Edition, F. R. Sidell, W. C. Patrick, T. R. Dashiell, K. Alibek, Jane's Information Group, Alexandria, VA.
946:, October 12, 2001: "Combating Terrorism: Assessing the Threat of a Biological Weapons Attack", House Serial No. 107-103
510:
facilities, his suspicion that the U.S. did not have an offensive bioweapons program was confirmed before his return to
499:
695:
In a September 2003 news release, Alibek and another professor suggested, based on their laboratory research, that the
2130:
2070:
1850:
524:
2055:
1997:
1895:
1855:
828:"Firepower in the Lab: Automation in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism" (2001), Chapter 15 of
338:
1689:
1440:
954:, December, 2001: "Russia, Iraq, and Other Potential Sources of Anthrax, Smallpox, and Other Bioterrorist Weapons"
543:
several times and has provided guidance to U.S. intelligence, policy, national security, and medical communities.
1178:
622:
Throughout his career, Alibek has published nine research articles on the role of infectious diseases in cancer.
305:
968:
Testimony before the Subcommittee on Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack, Committee on Homeland Security
845:
K. Alibek, C. Lobanova, "Modulation of Innate Immunity to Protect Against Biological Weapon Threat" (2006). In:
934:
926:
2125:
1600:
1194:
1119:
1072:
875:
551:
389:
325:
In 1992, he defected to the United States; he has since become an American citizen and made his living as a
1384:
999:
2011 Kazakhstan Government's Vice Prime Minister Award “For the Development of Kazakhstan Education System”
950:
669:
In 2021, Alibek offered a free seminar on the antiviral biodefence in the world of epidemic uncertainties.
454:. Continued successes in science and biotechnology led to more promotions, which resulted in a transfer to
2202:
1905:
1099:
1052:
981:
958:
942:
833:
585:
540:
565:
In 1999, Alibek published an autobiographical account of his work in the Soviet Union and his defection.
2161:
1199:
635:
584:
Alibek was president, chief scientific officer, and chief executive officer at AFG Biosolutions, Inc in
786:(2002), Workshop Summary, Contributor. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., Institute of Medicine.
1307:
2197:
2080:
2029:
1956:
696:
2102:
1961:
1415:
1215:"Scientist who supervised Soviet biological weapons production now develops products to help people"
715:
and is no longer being pursued. According to smallpox expert and former White House science advisor
2017:
1466:
1175:
The Pentagon's Brain: An Uncensored History of DARPA, America's Top Secret Military Research Agency
890:
1669:
2151:
2065:
1829:
1804:
1632:
860:
727:
533:
290:
1465:
Richards, Dan; Alibek, Kenneth; Katze, Michael G.; Wainberg, Mark A.; Webby, Richard J. (2006).
634:
as a head of the Department of Chemistry and Biology at the School of Science and Technology of
1920:
1555:
1338:
770:
486:
385:
318:
1002:
2007 “Panacea Award” for Innovations in Medical and Pharmaceutical Industries, Kyiv (Ukraine)
996:
2014 Kazakhstan Government's Prime Minister Award “For Distinguished Contribution to Science”
619:
develops and implements novel systemic immunotherapy methods for late-stage cancer patients.
572:
gaining the ability to get hold of smallpox or anthrax, Alibek said, "there is no doubt that
2146:
2097:
1529:
1478:
1332:
1110:
1063:
897:
764:
756:
738:
Alibek has a wife and five children (two sons and three daughters); one of his daughters is
716:
600:
279:
970:, US House of Representatives, July 28, 2005: "Implementing a National Biodefense Strategy"
576:
has weapons of mass destruction." However, no biological weapons were later found in Iraq.
2092:
1860:
1416:"Чем занимался подозреваемый в пособничеству Аблязову Кеннет Алибек после эмиграции в США"
1388:
1090:
1043:
555:
1576:"Free seminar: Antiviral biodefence in the world of epidemic uncertainties | OSDIFE"
791:
Biological and Chemical Terrorism: A Guide for Healthcare Providers and First Responders
1900:
1779:
1724:
1170:
976:
House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, March 1999 Biological Warfare Threats
974:
916:, May 1998: "Terrorist and Intelligence Operations: Potential Impact on the US Economy"
589:
573:
282:
128:
1017:
2000 (Davos, Switzerland), 2002 (New York) Invited speaker to the World Economic Forum
983:
Testimony before the House Subcommittee on Prevention of Nuclear and Biological Attack
912:
2191:
1819:
1190:
527:
debriefing, Alibek described the Soviet efforts to weaponize a particularly virulent
418:
330:
312:
bomb. His most prominent accomplishment was the creation of a new "battle strain" of
104:
466:
In Moscow, Alibek began his service as deputy chief of the biosafety directorate at
1940:
1870:
1834:
1501:
683:
593:
361:
341:
that there is concern that monkeypox could be engineered into a biological weapon.
286:
197:
132:
92:
784:
Biological Threats and Terrorism: Assessing the Science and Response Capabilities
17:
1977:
1910:
1890:
1885:
1865:
1789:
495:
471:
467:
447:
440:
393:
294:
243:
215:
546:
He was the impetus behind the creation of a biodefense graduate program at the
1925:
1441:"ЕЛ ТҰЛҒАСЫ / ИМЯ РОДИНЫ / События / Разделы сайта / Деловой журнал Exclusive"
711:
631:
479:
365:
326:
98:
1482:
1023:
1989 A Colonel of Medical Services, awarded by the USSR's Minister of Defense
726:
Alibek also has promoted "Dr. Ken Alibek's Immune System Support Formula," a
27:
Kazakh-American physician, microbiologist, and biological warfare (BW) expert
1824:
1809:
414:
409:
405:
309:
233:
1794:
1784:
1769:
1534:
1518:"Ahead of a vaccine: A safe method of protection against COVID-19 exists"
528:
475:
400:. His first assignment in 1975 was to the Eastern European Branch of the
301:
150:
1517:
2007:
1799:
1774:
1715:
1444:
608:
604:
451:
425:
396:, the secret biological weapons program overseen by the Soviet Union's
369:
353:
313:
161:
73:
1008:
2005 Senior Fellow, Center for Advanced Defense Studies, Washington DC
805:
Bioterrorism and Infectious Agents: A New Dilemma for the 21st Century
293:
administrative management expert. He was the first deputy director of
2002:
1930:
1719:
739:
678:
639:
511:
455:
429:
373:
1696:. U.S. Government Printing Office. 12 March 1998. pp. 1877–1882
392:
and his family's noted patriotism led to his selection to work for
322:
as "the most virulent and vicious strain of anthrax known to man".
1915:
50:
1275:
Lessons Learned from the Former Soviet Biological Warfare Program
1145:"Russia 'planned to use monkeypox as a bioweapon', report warned"
1026:
1983 Medal “For Combat Merits” by the USSR's Minister of Defense
569:
1728:
1381:
952:
Testimony before the House Committee on International Relations
881:"Russia Retains Biological Weapons Capability", February, 2000.
1011:
2004 Outstanding Faculty Member Award, George Mason University
700:
1497:"Pandemic expert thinks coronavirus echoes SARS in many ways"
921:
Testimony before the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
603:, with several subsidiaries and affiliates in the U.S. and
1354:
424:
After a year at Omutninsk, Alibek was transferred to the
1124:
1077:
1104:
1057:
2139:
2118:
2048:
1970:
1949:
1843:
1762:
936:
Testimony before the House Armed Services Committee
928:
Testimony before the House Armed Services Committee
239:
229:
221:
203:
185:
168:
156:
146:
138:
124:
114:
85:
60:
32:
1246:Medical and Industrial Biotechnology, Moscow, 1990
1255:Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Moscow, 1984
869:"Smallpox Could Still Be a Danger", May 24, 1999.
703:. The work was rejected after peer review by the
648:Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan
1308:"Silent Weapon: Smallpox and Biological Warfare"
630:In 2010, Alibek was invited to begin working in
316:, known as "Strain 836", later described by the
1213:Brian Albrecht, The Plain Dealer (2019-09-08).
884:"Bioterror: A Very Real Threat", October, 2001.
812:New and Evolving Infections of the 21st Century
1629:, 11 October 2002: Vol. 298. no. 5592, p. 359"
1138:
1136:
1134:
1740:
1377:
1375:
914:Testimony before the Joint Economic Committee
830:Biological Weapons: Past, Present, and Future
384:Alibek's academic performance while studying
8:
1277:; UMI Dissertation Services, UMI NO. 3231331
866:"Russia's Deadly Expertise", March 27, 1998.
1983:Scientific Experimental and Production Base
1690:"144 Cong. Rec. S1876 - RUSSIAN BW PROGRAM"
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
706:Journal of the American Medical Association
677:Starting in 2007, Alibek began researching
490:prepared for future bioweapons production.
2223:Kazakhstani emigrants to the United States
1747:
1733:
1725:
1330:Alibek, Ken and Stephen Handelman (1999),
1166:
1164:
836:, Washington, D.C., Institute of Medicine.
49:
29:
1533:
762:Alibek, Ken and Steven Handelman (1999),
437:Kazakhstan Scientific and Production Base
2243:Siberian State Medical University alumni
1554:. Independently published. 7 July 2020.
1516:Alibek, Kenneth; Tskhay, Albina (2020).
1467:"Controversies in 21st century virology"
699:might increase a person's resistance to
2177:Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance
1036:
580:Entrepreneur and research administrator
2218:American people of Kazakhstani descent
1670:"Annals of Warfare--The Bioweaponeers"
1264:Military Medicine,Tomsk (Russia), 1975
991:Awards, Presentations and Distinctions
793:, Thieme Medical Publishing, New York.
789:Weinstein, R.S. and K. Alibek (2003),
896:"Anthrax under the Microscope", with
548:Schar School of Policy and Government
160:Creating the most virulent strain of
7:
2238:People related to biological warfare
1756:Soviet program of biological weapons
1601:"Selling the threat of bioterrorism"
1195:"Selling the Threat of Bioterrorism"
539:Alibekov has testified before the
352:Alibek was born Kanat Alibekov in
25:
2248:Soviet biological weapons program
1993:Institute of Applied Biochemistry
1668:Preston, Richard (9 March 1998).
402:Institute of Applied Biochemistry
2208:20th-century American biologists
1414:Капитанова, Ирина (2018-02-21).
1143:Courtney-Guy, Sam (2022-05-20).
907:Selected Congressional Testimony
518:Immigration to the United States
208:
190:
78:Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
2167:U.S. biological weapons program
2035:Institute of Virus Preparations
1237:Biology of Cancer, Astana, 2012
847:Microorganisms and Bioterrorism
810:Fong, I. and K. Alibek (2006),
803:Fong, I. and K. Alibek (2005),
1401:"Infectious Agents and Cancer"
1306:Flight, Colette (2011-02-17).
1079:Kanatzhan Baizakovich Alibekov
1:
2172:History of biological warfare
2157:Biological Weapons Convention
1599:Willman, David (2007-07-01).
308:, and created Russia's first
1805:Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B
1662:Journal of Homeland Security
1660:"Interview Dr. Ken Alibek",
1443:. 2017-03-21. Archived from
1068:Канатжан Байзакович Алибеков
654:10th place in his category.
650:since there was no novelty.
1522:Research Ideas and Outcomes
1125:
1105:
1078:
1059:Qanatjan Baizaqūly Älıbekov
1058:
1048:Қанатжан Байзақұлы Әлібеков
796:Alibek, K., et al. (2003),
721:Biomed Central - Immunology
70:1950 (age 73–74)
65:Қанатжан Байзақұлы Әлібеков
2279:
2056:Nikolay Timofeev-Ressovsky
754:
568:Reporting the prospect of
339:United Press International
131:, doctor (oncologist) and
67:Kanatzhan "Kanat" Alibekov
2233:People from Almaty Region
1971:Facilities and test sites
1179:Little, Brown and Company
1114:
1094:
1067:
1047:
306:Marburg hemorrhagic fever
249:
180:
176:
48:
39:
1483:10.2217/17460794.1.3.263
840:Jane's Chem-Bio Handbook
348:Early life and education
40:
2263:The Heritage Foundation
2258:Soviet military doctors
2152:Biological warfare (BW)
2126:Sverdlovsk anthrax leak
1950:Operations and projects
876:The Wall Street Journal
552:George Mason University
428:Branch of the IAB near
390:Tomsk Medical Institute
119:Tomsk Medical Institute
2253:Soviet microbiologists
2228:Kazakhstani scientists
2131:Aral smallpox incident
834:National Academy Press
800:, Bio-Prep, Louisiana.
586:Gaithersburg, Maryland
372:family. He grew up in
266:(born 1950), known as
2162:Entomological warfare
1273:Anderson, D. (2006),
1200:The Los Angeles Times
636:Nazarbayev University
337:In 2002, Alibek told
222:Years of service
2213:2001 anthrax attacks
1664:, September 18, 2000
1535:10.3897/rio.6.e61709
697:smallpox vaccination
398:Council of Ministers
264:Baizakovich Alibekov
1625:""Random Samples",
1126:Kennet (Ken) Alibek
1115:Кеннет (Кен) Алибек
1106:Kennet (Ken) Älıbek
1095:Кеннет (Кен) Әлібек
900:, November 5, 2002.
891:The Washington Post
2066:Vladimir Pasechnik
1635:on 7 February 2010
1505:. 30 January 2020.
1387:2010-10-07 at the
861:The New York Times
798:Biological Weapons
728:dietary supplement
626:Work in Kazakhstan
534:Vladimir Pasechnik
421:and their toxins.
291:biological warfare
2185:
2184:
2061:Kanatjan Alibekov
1844:Researched agents
1763:Weaponized agents
1605:Los Angeles Times
1561:979-8-6643-8044-6
1293:Anderson (2006),
1123:
1103:
1076:
1056:
487:Mikhail Gorbachev
386:military medicine
319:Los Angeles Times
278:since 1992, is a
253:
252:
139:Years active
42:Қанатжан Әлібеков
18:Kanatjan Alibekov
16:(Redirected from
2270:
2147:Biological agent
2111:
2098:Alexander Catsch
2089:
2076:Yuri Ovchinnikov
2040:Laboratory No. 1
2026:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1726:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1631:. Archived from
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1596:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1452:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1391:
1379:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1351:
1345:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1278:
1271:
1265:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1210:
1204:
1188:
1182:
1168:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1140:
1129:
1128:
1118:
1116:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1041:
962:, November, 2001
898:Matthew Meselson
769:, Random House,
757:Biohazard (book)
717:Donald Henderson
601:Washington, D.C.
482:for the public.
214:
212:
211:
196:
194:
193:
164:ever synthesized
53:
43:
30:
21:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2135:
2114:
2105:
2093:Nikolai Ustinov
2083:
2081:Igor Domaradsky
2044:
2020:
1966:
1957:Project Bonfire
1945:
1839:
1825:Wheat stem rust
1758:
1753:
1712:
1699:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1677:
1667:
1657:
1655:Further reading
1651:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1609:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1562:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1471:Future Virology
1464:
1463:
1459:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1389:Wayback Machine
1380:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1337:, Delta (2000)
1329:
1325:
1316:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1292:
1281:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1223:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1189:
1185:
1171:Jacobsen, Annie
1169:
1162:
1153:
1151:
1142:
1141:
1132:
1089:
1085:
1042:
1038:
1033:
930:, October, 1999
759:
748:
736:
693:
675:
673:Autism research
660:
628:
582:
556:biosafety level
520:
464:
382:
350:
280:Kazakh-American
209:
207:
191:
189:
181:Military career
110:
81:
71:
69:
68:
66:
56:
44:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2276:
2274:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2140:Related topics
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2103:Pyotr Burgasov
2100:
2095:
2090:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1962:Project Factor
1959:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1711:
1710:External links
1708:
1707:
1706:
1686:
1674:The New Yorker
1665:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1616:
1591:
1581:
1567:
1560:
1541:
1508:
1488:
1477:(3): 263–268.
1457:
1432:
1406:
1392:
1371:
1359:www.afgbio.com
1346:
1323:
1298:
1279:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1230:
1205:
1203:, 1 July 2007.
1191:Willman, David
1183:
1160:
1130:
1083:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
992:
988:
987:
979:
972:
964:
956:
948:
940:
932:
924:
918:
909:
908:
904:
903:
902:
901:
887:
886:
885:
882:
872:
871:
870:
867:
856:
855:
851:
850:
843:
837:
825:
824:
820:
819:
815:
808:
801:
794:
787:
781:
778:
753:
752:
747:
744:
735:
732:
692:
689:
674:
671:
659:
656:
627:
624:
590:Eastern Europe
581:
578:
574:Saddam Hussein
519:
516:
463:
460:
419:microorganisms
381:
378:
349:
346:
283:microbiologist
251:
250:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
223:
219:
218:
205:
201:
200:
187:
183:
182:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
158:
157:Known for
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
129:Microbiologist
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
109:
108:
107:(1992–present)
102:
96:
89:
87:
83:
82:
80:, Soviet Union
72:
64:
62:
58:
57:
55:Alibek in 2003
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2275:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:Living people
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2018:Sverdlovsk-19
2016:
2014:
2013:NPO Biosintez
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:Potato blight
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1617:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1592:
1585:
1582:
1578:. 4 May 2021.
1577:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1542:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1458:
1447:on 2017-03-21
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1421:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:0-385-33496-6
1340:
1336:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1313:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1220:
1216:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1150:
1146:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1112:
1107:
1101:
1092:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
994:
990:
989:
986:
984:
980:
978:
977:
973:
971:
969:
965:
963:
961:
957:
955:
953:
949:
947:
945:
941:
939:
937:
933:
931:
929:
925:
923:, June, 1999
922:
919:
917:
915:
911:
910:
906:
905:
899:
895:
894:
893:
892:
888:
883:
880:
879:
878:
877:
873:
868:
865:
864:
863:
862:
858:
857:
853:
852:
848:
844:
841:
838:
835:
831:
827:
826:
823:Book chapters
822:
821:
816:
813:
809:
806:
802:
799:
795:
792:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
775:0-385-33496-6
772:
768:
766:
761:
760:
758:
750:
749:
745:
743:
741:
734:Personal life
733:
731:
729:
724:
722:
718:
714:
713:
708:
707:
702:
698:
690:
688:
685:
680:
672:
670:
667:
663:
657:
655:
651:
649:
643:
641:
637:
633:
625:
623:
620:
616:
612:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
579:
577:
575:
571:
566:
563:
559:
557:
553:
549:
544:
542:
541:U.S. Congress
537:
535:
530:
526:
517:
515:
513:
507:
505:
501:
497:
491:
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
461:
459:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
411:
408:, a combined
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
379:
377:
375:
371:
367:
364:(present-day
363:
359:
355:
347:
345:
342:
340:
335:
334:world peace.
332:
331:U.S. Congress
328:
323:
321:
320:
315:
311:
307:
303:
298:
296:
292:
288:
284:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
248:
245:
242:
238:
235:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
206:
202:
199:
188:
184:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127:
125:Occupation(s)
123:
120:
117:
113:
106:
105:United States
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
88:
84:
79:
75:
63:
59:
52:
47:
38:
31:
19:
2071:Sergei Popov
2060:
1998:Laboratory B
1941:Yellow fever
1871:Dengue fever
1698:. Retrieved
1693:
1678:. Retrieved
1676:. Condé Nast
1673:
1661:
1650:
1637:. Retrieved
1633:the original
1626:
1619:
1608:. Retrieved
1604:
1594:
1584:
1570:
1550:
1544:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1502:Fox Business
1500:
1491:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1449:. Retrieved
1445:the original
1435:
1424:. Retrieved
1422:(in Russian)
1419:
1409:
1395:
1362:. Retrieved
1358:
1355:"afgbio.com"
1349:
1331:
1326:
1315:. Retrieved
1311:
1301:
1294:
1274:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1222:. Retrieved
1218:
1208:
1198:
1186:
1177:; New York:
1174:
1152:. Retrieved
1148:
1086:
1039:
982:
975:
967:
959:
951:
943:
935:
927:
920:
913:
889:
874:
859:
846:
839:
829:
811:
804:
797:
790:
783:
763:
746:Publications
737:
725:
720:
710:
704:
694:
684:Soviet Union
676:
668:
664:
661:
652:
644:
629:
621:
617:
613:
598:
594:Central Asia
583:
567:
564:
560:
545:
538:
521:
508:
492:
484:
478:, sera, and
465:
445:
434:
423:
383:
362:Soviet Union
351:
343:
336:
324:
317:
299:
287:bioweaponeer
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
254:
198:Soviet Union
133:bioweaponeer
95:(until 1991)
93:Soviet Union
2198:1950 births
2106: [
2084: [
2021: [
1978:BIOPREPARAT
1911:Psittacosis
1891:Melioidosis
1886:Lassa fever
1790:Brucellosis
1716:Appearances
1694:GovInfo.gov
1312:BBC History
938:, May, 2000
849:, Springer.
814:, Springer.
807:, Springer.
496:Stepnogorsk
472:antibiotics
468:Biopreparat
462:Biopreparat
448:Stepnogorsk
441:Stepnogorsk
404:(IAB) near
394:Biopreparat
295:Biopreparat
244:Biopreparat
216:Soviet Army
101:(1991–1992)
86:Nationality
2192:Categories
2049:Scientists
1926:Rinderpest
1881:Hantavirus
1830:Rice blast
1639:21 October
1610:2022-03-17
1451:2020-05-13
1426:2022-03-17
1382:MaxwellUSA
1317:2022-08-15
1224:2022-10-30
1154:2022-10-30
1031:References
755:See also:
712:The Lancet
632:Kazakhstan
480:interferon
366:Kazakhstan
358:Kazakh SSR
327:biodefense
186:Allegiance
99:Kazakhstan
34:Ken Alibek
2119:Accidents
1810:Tularemia
1333:Biohazard
1219:cleveland
1181:, pg 293.
1120:romanized
1100:romanized
1073:romanized
1053:romanized
765:Biohazard
691:Criticism
500:Kol'tsovo
415:microbial
410:pesticide
406:Omutninsk
356:, in the
310:tularemia
256:Kanatzhan
225:1975–1991
142:1975–1991
115:Education
2030:Aralsk-7
1861:Bird flu
1795:Glanders
1785:Botulism
1770:Smallpox
1420:zakon.kz
1385:Archived
1295:Op. cit.
1193:(2007),
1173:(2015),
740:autistic
658:COVID-19
529:smallpox
504:Obolensk
476:vaccines
426:Siberian
368:), to a
302:glanders
240:Commands
169:Children
151:Cold War
2008:Zagorsk
1835:Polonia
1820:Marburg
1800:Q fever
1775:Anthrax
1627:Science
1122::
1111:Russian
1102::
1075::
1064:Russian
1055::
818:Weapons
609:Ukraine
605:Ukraine
452:anthrax
388:at the
360:of the
354:Kauchuk
314:anthrax
268:Kenneth
234:Colonel
204:Service
162:anthrax
74:Kauchuk
2003:Berdsk
1988:VECTOR
1931:Typhus
1901:Plague
1780:Plague
1720:C-SPAN
1700:1 July
1680:1 July
1558:
1364:May 7,
1341:
1091:Kazakh
1044:Kazakh
854:Op-Eds
773:
679:autism
640:Astana
512:Russia
456:Moscow
430:Berdsk
380:Career
374:Almaty
370:Kazakh
289:, and
276:Alibek
213:
195:
2110:]
2088:]
2025:]
1916:Ricin
1866:CHIKV
1149:Metro
751:Books
260:Kanat
1702:2023
1682:2023
1641:2013
1556:ISBN
1366:2021
1339:ISBN
771:ISBN
709:and
592:and
570:Iraq
304:and
230:Rank
61:Born
1936:WEE
1921:RVF
1896:VND
1876:EEE
1856:BHF
1851:AHF
1815:VEE
1718:on
1530:doi
1479:doi
701:HIV
638:in
550:at
525:CIA
446:At
439:in
272:Ken
147:Era
2194::
2108:ru
2086:ru
2023:ru
1692:.
1672:.
1603:.
1528:.
1524:.
1520:.
1499:.
1473:.
1469:.
1418:.
1374:^
1357:.
1310:.
1282:^
1217:.
1197:,
1163:^
1147:.
1133:^
1117:,
1113::
1109:;
1097:,
1093::
1070:,
1066::
1062:;
1050:,
1046::
832:,
742:.
536:.
502:,
498:,
474:,
458:.
297:.
285:,
274:"
262:"
76:,
1748:e
1741:t
1734:v
1704:.
1684:.
1643:.
1613:.
1564:.
1538:.
1532::
1526:6
1485:.
1481::
1475:1
1454:.
1429:.
1403:.
1368:.
1320:.
1227:.
1157:.
777:.
270:"
258:"
172:5
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
