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340:(MITI) had a considerable interest in the C-1 programme. Beyond its primary purpose as a military-orientated airlifter, at one stage, MITI had decided to adopt the C-1's design as the basis for a next-generation commercial transport project. While some work was undertaken on this initiative, it was subsequently decided to discard such efforts in order to concentrate upon international collaboration efforts, such as on the American aerospace company
405:
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451:, had reached the advanced stages of development. In comparison with the older C-1, the C-2 is a considerably larger airlifter, being able to lift three times more payload in terms of weight, as well as possessing greater endurance. On 30 June 2016, the production-standard C-2, "68-1203", was delivered to the
171:
transport fleet. First flown on 12 November 1970, quantity production of the type commenced during the following year. The C-1 has formed the backbone of the JASDF's transport capability throughout the latter half of the twentieth century, as well as the initial years of the twenty-first century as
328:
was returned to Japan from the United States; the airlifter was unable to fly directly to
Okinawa from most parts of the Japanese home islands. This may have been a factor in the decision to reduce the planned procurement of the C-1 in favour of the American-built C-130H Hercules utility transport
424:
on 12 November 1970. Following the successful completion of roughly one year of flight testing, the pair of prototypes were turned over to the JASDF for evaluation purposes. Since 1974, the
Kawasaki C-1 has been in regular use as a military transport with the JASDF. Its introduction noticeably
650:
flew into a hill while flying in low visibility at low altitude. A third airplane narrowly avoided also crashing and struck trees, but was able to return to Komaki Air Base. Fourteen personnel were killed in these two aircraft, six personnel in airplane 68-1015 and eight in aircraft
237:
In addition to
Kawasaki's heavy contribution to the programme, significant portions of the airlifter were manufactured by other members of NAMC. Specifically, the tail section, as well as the middle and rear portions of the fuselage, were constructed by rival Japanese conglomerate
348:
airliner. Efforts were made to incorporate the technologies and knowledge learnt from the C-1 programme into other sectors of
Japanese commercial undertakings; according to author Richard J. Samuels, substantial benefits, such as a greater understanding of structural design and
361:, along with smaller-scale items such as control panels and display systems. However, Samuels also notes that a high priority political goal of the programme, the transformation of Japan's aerospace companies to become global leaders in the field, was largely unfulfilled.
207:, motivating some officials within the JASDF to lobby for a domestically designed and -manufactured transport aircraft with which to replace it. Such ambitions were successfully incorporated into the Third Defense Buildup Plan.
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537:. It was built to research STOL using upper surface blowing, aircraft noise reduction, fly-by-wire systems and composite materials construction. The only example built is currently on display in
203:, and was considered to be quite capable aircraft for the era. By the mid-1960s, the capabilities of the decades-old C-46 had paled in comparison to numerous newer aircraft such as the
289:
by
Mitsubishi, each capable of generating up to 64 kN (14,500 lbf) of thrust. In terms of payload capacity, a single C-1 could carry up to 80 fully-equipped troops, 45
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in 1989. Another reason for the curtailment was the enactment of general cutbacks upon various military programmes and procurement initiatives during the 1970s.
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301:, which would be loaded via a ramp deployed at the airlifter's rear. It was designed to be typically operated by a crew of five, comprising two pilots, a
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262:. At the time of its development, the C-1 was only the third indigenous aircraft programme to be undertaken in postwar Japan, coming after only the
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321:(STOL) performance, while day-and-night all-weather operations is achieved via the application of numerous electronic navigation systems.
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In terms of its basic configuration, the C-1 is a twin-engine medium-range airlifter, somewhat resembling the larger
214:(NAMC), a consortium of several major Japanese corporations, which was by this time engaged in the production of the
2009:
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procured a single C-1, which was extensively modified into an experimental testbed. Commonly referred to as either
561:(1972–76). It is unknown what designation was given to them, or indeed whether they were ever actually delivered.
1909:
1798:
1250:
Samuels, Richard J. "Rich Nation, Strong Army: National
Security and the Technological Transformation of Japan."
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259:
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Development of the C-1 commenced in 1966 in response to a requirement from the JASDF, which sought an indigenous
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2019:
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657 km/h (408 mph, 355 kn) at 10,670 m (35,010 ft) at 35,450 kg (78,150 lb)
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806 km/h (501 mph, 435 kn) at 7,620 m (25,000 ft) at 35,450 kg (78,150 lb)
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In addition to its military application, there was also a civil user of the C-1. At the urging of MITI, the
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and a load master. The C-1 incorporates a high-lift system, which includes aerodynamic features such as a
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3,353 km (2,083 mi, 1,810 nmi) with max fuel & 2,300 kg (5,100 lb) payload
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A C-1 crashed into the sea of Japan's west coast during a test flight with five personnel on board.
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well. During the 2010s, Kawasaki developed a newer, larger, and longer range airlifter, the
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The last five C-1s ordered were fitted with an additional 4,730 litre fuel tank.
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By 2010, a programme to develop a replacement for the C-1, known as the
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1088:"Kawasaki Delivers First Mass-produced C-2 Transport Aircraft to JASDF"
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transport aircraft that had been manufactured primarily during the
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when the lead two airplanes of a formation of 5 en route from
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Powered by four FRJ710 turbofan engines and making use of the
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324:
The maximum range of C-1 caused a problem after the island of
444:(STOL) aircraft for one of the agency's research programmes.
425:
improved the tactical transport capabilities of the service.
1317:
Brief description of NAL Asuka Quiet STOL research aircraft
440:(Quiet STOL), it flew for a number of years as a 150-seat
329:
aircraft instead, which entered service with the JASDF's
1177:"Aircraft accident Kawasaki C-1 58-1010 Iruma Air Base."
667:
and was declared a write-off, with no injuries to crew.
385:
1289:(66th annual ed.). New York: Franklin Watts Inc.
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972:
970:
1312:
Description of NAL Asuka Quiet STOL research aircraft
508:: Flight test bed used for testing various equipment.
210:
With this purpose in mind, the JASDF approached the
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Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
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1222:"Aircraft accident Kawasaki C-1 88-1027 Shimano."
1133:Defence of Japan 2022 (Annual White Paper). p.53.
524:: Quiet STOL research aircraft, developed by the
1322:Photos of NAL Asuka Quiet STOL research aircraft
909:
907:
833:17.75 m/s (3,494 ft/min) at sea level
1162:"Aircraft accident Kawasaki C-1 58-1009 Toba."
1145:"Aircraft accident Kawasaki C-1 68-1015 Toba."
1009:"Kawasaki C-1 Medium-Lift Transport Aircraft."
471:The C-1FTB parked at the Naha Air Show in 2018
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1342:
1067:"Japanese AF Calls For Speedy C-2 Deliveries"
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725:8,000 kg (18,000 lb) normal payload
242:, the majority of the wings were produced by
8:
583:As of March 2022, the JASDF operated 7 C-1s.
338:Ministry of International Trade and Industry
218:, an indigenously developed airliner of the
994:"Kawasaki C-1 Tactical Transport Aircraft."
951:
949:
947:
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794:, 64 kN (14,500 lbf) thrust each
2005:1970s Japanese military transport aircraft
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1349:
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1327:
663:suffered extensive damage on takeoff from
485:: Medium-range military transport version.
20:
839:321.2 kg/m (65.8 lb/sq ft)
1595:Japanese Self-Defense Force designations
1287:Jane's all the world's aircraft, 1975–76
704:Jane's all the world's aircraft, 1975–76
212:Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation
1268:Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1976–77
903:
859:Aircraft in fiction § Kawasaki C-1
553:Note: Three C-1s were allocated to the
539:Gifu-Kakamigahara Air and Space Museum
7:
749:120.5 m (1,297 sq ft)
184:By 1966, the transport fleet of the
16:Japanese military transport aircraft
1709:World War II Allied reporting names
1432:Imperial Japanese Army designations
737:30.6 m (100 ft 5 in)
887:List of military aircraft of Japan
743:9.99 m (32 ft 9 in)
188:(JASDF) was primarily composed of
144:developed and manufactured by the
14:
1193:"Japanese Military Plane Crashes"
557:as airborne minelayers under the
250:was built by seaplane specialist
731:29 m (95 ft 2 in)
719:2 flight crew and 3 mission crew
571:
372:
29:
1285:Taylor, John W.R., ed. (1975).
1266:Taylor, John W. R., ed. (197).
770:38,700 kg (85,319 lb)
764:23,220 kg (51,191 lb)
636:401st Tactical Airlift Squadron
617:403rd Tactical Airlift Squadron
611:401st Tactical Airlift Squadron
594:402nd Tactical Airlift Squadron
331:401st Tactical Airlift Squadron
230:would serve as the airlifter's
1199:. 28 June 2000. Archived from
1069:. Aviation Week. 8 August 2011
827:11,580 m (37,990 ft)
317:, facilitates a high level of
1:
1182:, Retrieved 29 February 2016.
1152:, Retrieved 29 February 2016.
1123:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
1108:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
1029:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
1014:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
999:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
984:, Retrieved 13 February 2017.
680:Specifications (Kawasaki C-1)
526:National Aerospace Laboratory
453:Air Development and Test Wing
430:National Aerospace Laboratory
277:. It is powered by a pair of
2030:Aircraft first flown in 1970
1270:. London: Jane's Yearbooks.
1227:, Retrieved 23 January 2017.
853:Notable appearances in media
696:A C-1 deploying paratroopers
589:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
285:engines, which were locally
186:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
154:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
96:Japan Air Self-Defense Force
1801:aircraft designation system
1038:Samuels 2018, pp. 226, 338.
559:Fourth Defense Buildup Plan
240:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
152:. It is solely used by the
142:military transport aircraft
58:Military transport aircraft
2046:
1167:Retrieved 13 January 2017.
1056:Samuels 2018, pp. 226–227.
856:
416:The prototype, designated
287:manufactured under license
163:replacement for its aging
1985:
1799:Japan Self-Defense Forces
1236:Taylor 1975, pp. 146–147.
1135:Japan Ministry of Defence
1091:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
982:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
848:0.003 kN/kg (0.34 lbf/lb)
688:Internal cargo cabin view
442:short takeoff and landing
319:short takeoff and landing
275:Lockheed C-141 Starlifter
228:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
150:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
78:Kawasaki Heavy Industries
28:
1252:Cornell University Press
784:Pratt & Whitney JT8D
279:Pratt & Whitney JT8D
1919:Search & rescue (S)
1225:Aviation Safety Network
1180:Aviation Safety Network
1165:Aviation Safety Network
1149:Aviation Safety Network
979:"C-1 Medium Transport."
963:. 1981. pp. 16–17.
961:United States Air Force
710:General characteristics
205:Lockheed C-130 Hercules
697:
689:
517:
472:
413:
270:and the YS-11 itself.
180:Design and development
1103:"Kawasaki C-1/QSTOL."
1047:Samuels 2018, p. 338.
937:Samuels 2018, p. 226.
695:
687:
515:
470:
407:
258:were manufactured by
244:Fuji Heavy Industries
169:Curtiss C-46 Commando
87:Active, in production
1366:Company designations
1203:on 24 September 2015
1118:Japanese Transports.
913:Taylor 1976, p. 124.
1684:Boeing-Vertol CH-47
1679:Boeing-Vertol V-107
1657:Licensed production
790:-built) low-bypass
768:Max takeoff weight:
365:Operational history
49:General information
2015:High-wing aircraft
1898:Reconnaissance (R)
698:
690:
518:
502:training aircraft.
500:electronic warfare
473:
414:
384:. You can help by
2010:Kawasaki aircraft
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1991:
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1027:The Aviation Zone
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313:and a four-stage
311:leading edge slat
260:NIPPI Corporation
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1817:
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1812:
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1712:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1699:Lockheed P-3C
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:Lockheed T-33
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
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1665:
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1600:
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1499:
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1371:
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1323:
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1298:
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1288:
1283:
1279:
1277:0-3540-0538-3
1273:
1269:
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1261:
1260:1-5017-1846-0
1257:
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1218:
1215:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1146:
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1138:
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1129:
1126:
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1119:
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1111:
1107:
1106:Airliners.net
1104:
1099:
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1084:
1081:
1068:
1062:
1059:
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1028:
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1017:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:
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983:
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975:
973:
971:
967:
962:
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948:
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922:
920:
916:
910:
908:
904:
897:
892:
888:
885:
884:
883:
882:
881:Related lists
876:
875:Antonov An-72
873:
872:
871:
870:
863:
860:
852:
847:
845:
844:Thrust/weight
841:
838:
837:Wing loading:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
813:Cruise speed:
811:
808:
805:
804:
803:
801:
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:Empty weight:
760:
757:
755:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
714:
713:
711:
706:
705:
702:
694:
686:
679:
674:
671:
670:
666:
662:
658:
655:
654:
649:
645:
641:
638:crashed near
637:
633:
631:19 April 1983
630:
629:
625:
618:
615:
612:
609:
608:
607:
606:
602:
595:
592:
591:
590:
587:
586:
582:
580:
569:
568:
564:
562:
560:
556:
548:
544:
540:
536:
535:Coandă effect
532:
531:
527:
523:
520:
519:
514:
507:
504:
501:
497:
494:
493:
489:
488:
484:
481:
479:: Prototypes.
478:
475:
474:
469:
462:
460:
458:
454:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
423:
422:maiden flight
419:
411:
406:
396:
393:November 2010
387:
383:
380:This section
378:
375:
371:
370:
364:
362:
360:
359:rolling stock
356:
352:
347:
343:
339:
336:The Japanese
334:
332:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
297:or a pair of
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
269:
266:intermediate
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
187:
179:
177:
175:
170:
166:
162:
157:
155:
151:
148:conglomerate
147:
143:
139:
135:
125:
121:
118:December 1974
117:
113:
108:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
47:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1987:Not assigned
1813:
1694:Lockheed P-2
1601:
1286:
1267:
1251:
1244:Bibliography
1232:
1224:
1217:
1205:. Retrieved
1201:the original
1187:
1179:
1172:
1164:
1157:
1147:
1140:
1128:
1120:
1113:
1105:
1098:
1090:
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1026:
1019:
1011:
1004:
996:
989:
981:
880:
879:
868:
867:
842:
836:
830:
824:
818:
812:
806:
799:
797:
779:
773:
767:
761:
754:Aspect ratio
752:
746:
740:
734:
728:
722:
716:
709:
707:
703:
700:
699:
672:28 June 2000
660:
558:
552:
543:Kakamigahara
521:
505:
495:
482:
476:
452:
449:Kawasaki C-2
446:
437:
433:
427:
417:
415:
408:The EC-1 at
390:
386:adding to it
381:
335:
323:
291:paratroopers
272:
254:, while the
236:
223:
209:
183:
174:Kawasaki C-2
158:
140:short-range
138:twin-engined
134:Kawasaki C-1
133:
131:
123:First flight
102:Number built
92:Primary user
73:Manufacturer
18:
1940:Trainer (T)
1828:Fighter (F)
800:Performance
780:Powerplant:
619:(1979–2018)
613:(1973–1989)
522:Asuka/QSTOL
516:QSTOL Asuka
315:Fowler flap
161:jet-powered
1999:Categories
1882:Patrol (P)
1674:Hughes 369
1669:Hughes 500
893:References
788:Mitsubishi
747:Wing area:
547:Gifu pref.
355:automotive
252:Shin Meiwa
1807:Cargo (C)
1648:BK 117-C2
898:Citations
792:turbofans
735:Wingspan:
723:Capacity:
701:Data from
640:Toba, Mie
626:Accidents
565:Operators
307:navigator
156:(JASDF).
2025:Twinjets
1873:H-2 (II)
1360:aircraft
1358:Kawasaki
1254:, 2018.
1073:8 August
864:See also
651:58–1009.
549:, Japan.
483:C-1/C-1A
463:Variants
283:turbofan
264:Fuji T-1
197:American
146:Japanese
1868:H-2 (I)
1664:Bell 47
1449:Type 92
1444:Type 88
1439:Type 87
1207:24 June
741:Height:
729:Length:
661:58-1010
412:(2011).
351:fatigue
344:'s new
326:Okinawa
220:postwar
190:Curtiss
110:History
43:in 2011
39:C-1 at
1752:Thalia
1643:BK 117
1586:Ki-174
1581:Ki-148
1576:Ki-119
1571:Ki-108
1566:Ki-102
1561:Ki-100
1293:
1274:
1258:
819:Range:
786:-M-9 (
603:Former
576:
506:C-1FTB
342:Boeing
248:rudder
246:, the
84:Status
1742:Randy
1737:Perry
1556:Ki-96
1551:Ki-91
1546:Ki-89
1541:Ki-88
1536:Ki-85
1531:Ki-81
1526:Ki-78
1521:Ki-66
1516:Ki-64
1511:Ki-61
1506:Ki-60
1501:Ki-56
1496:Ki-48
1491:Ki-45
1486:Ki-38
1481:Ki-32
1476:Ki-28
1471:Ki-22
1466:Ki-10
1413:KDC-5
1408:KDC-2
1403:KDA-5
1398:KDA-3
1393:KDA-2
1388:KAQ-1
1383:KAT-1
1378:KAL-2
1373:KAL-1
717:Crew:
579:Japan
438:QSTOL
434:Asuka
299:jeeps
295:truck
256:flaps
216:YS-11
195:, an
167:–era
67:Japan
37:JASDF
1757:Tony
1732:Nick
1727:Mary
1722:Lily
1622:P-2J
1612:OH-1
1461:Ki-5
1456:Ki-3
1418:KH-4
1291:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1256:ISBN
1209:2015
1075:2011
782:2 ×
659:C-1
555:MSDF
496:EC-1
477:XC-1
418:XC-1
357:and
305:, a
132:The
54:Type
1977:T-7
1972:T-6
1967:T-5
1962:T-4
1957:T-3
1952:T-2
1947:T-1
1931:S-2
1926:S-1
1910:R-2
1905:R-1
1889:P-1
1863:H-1
1847:F-X
1840:F-2
1835:F-1
1819:C-2
1814:C-1
1747:Rob
1717:Bob
1627:T-4
1617:P-1
1607:C-2
1602:C-1
1423:YPX
758:7.8
646:to
541:in
455:at
436:or
388:.
346:767
224:C-1
24:C-1
2001::
1195:.
969:^
959:.
942:^
918:^
906:^
545:,
498::
459:.
105:31
35:A
1791:e
1784:t
1777:v
1350:e
1343:t
1336:v
1299:.
1280:.
1262:.
1211:.
1093:.
1077:.
846::
756::
528:.
395:)
391:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
