29:
419:
976:
246:, the least dense planet in the Solar System. Its low density can probably be attributed to a large hydrogen and helium atmosphere. Kepler-11e has a mass eight times of Earth's mass and a radius 4.5 times that of Earth. The planet orbits its star every 31 days in an ellipse that would fit within the orbit of
274:
of, or crossing in front of, their stars. This transit causes a slight and regular change in the host star's brightness, which can then tested to prove the planet's existence and, later, to extrapolate the orbital parameters of the planet. Kepler-11e is first given the designation by its host star,
318:
was also used. Kepler-11's planetary system became the first discovered extrasolar system with more than three transiting planets, as well as the most compact and flattest system yet discovered, according to NASA. The planets of Kepler-11, including Kepler-11e, were announced jointly at a press
426:
Kepler-11e, which formed within the first few million years of the star system's formation, has a mass 8.4 times that of Earth's, and radius 4.52 times that of Earth's. With a density of 0.5 grams/cm, Kepler-11e has a density that is half of that of
275:
Kepler-11. Since Kepler-11e was announced with five other planets, the letters added to the star are sorted by the planet's distance from its star. Kepler-11e is the fourth planet from Kepler-11, it is given the designation "e".
373:
of 0, Kepler-11 is almost as metal-rich as the Sun is. Metal-rich stars tend to have easily detectable planets because higher metallicities tend to either facilitate the creation of gas giants or to promote
1061:
470:. In fact, formation models indicate that the planet has a gaseous envelope, somewhat less massive than 20% of it total mass, which account for ≈60% of its radius (or ≈90% of its volume).
378:, in which the planet orbits more closely to its star. However, Kepler-11 is almost 1.73 times older than the Sun, as it has an estimated age of eight billion years. Kepler-11 is 613
1041:
700:
59:
1046:
786:
466:, the Kepler team suggests that its light density may come from a large hydrogen and helium atmosphere that has not been blown away by the
941:
432:
311:
422:
A comparison of the Kepler planets as compared to Earth, Jupiter, and previous Kepler finds. Kepler-11e is in purple at the bottom.
439:
of 617 K, and is thus has an equilibrium temperature approximately 2.4 times hotter than Earth's. Kepler-11e orbits its star at a
643:
1056:
234:, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Kepler-11e is most likely a
53:
573:
Lissauer, Jack L.; et al. (2011-02-02). "A closely packed system of low-mass, low-density planets transiting Kepler-11".
1051:
250:. Kepler-11e was announced on February 2, 2011 with its five sister planets after it was confirmed by several observatories.
79:
386:
of 14.2 (V). It, thus, cannot be seen with the naked eye. Other than Kepler-11e, Kepler-11 is the host star of the planets
532:
638:
406:. The inner five planets in the system orbit in a tightly knit configuration that would fit within the orbit of planet
838:
258:
At the time when Kepler-11 was first noted as a host to a potential transit event, the star was given the designation
295:
291:
287:
259:
299:
934:
499:
436:
315:
132:
714:
344:
279:
227:
1036:
447:, making it the fourth planet from its star. It completes an orbit every 31.995990 days. In comparison,
362:
887:
749:
705:
592:
537:
28:
375:
263:
105:
833:
1066:
927:
905:
877:
616:
582:
383:
418:
782:
608:
444:
215:
410:, while Kepler-11g, compared to its inner sister planets, orbits at a much further distance.
895:
757:
600:
448:
407:
321:
303:
247:
189:
71:
307:
891:
753:
674:
596:
440:
428:
283:
271:
231:
91:
63:
1030:
909:
900:
865:
620:
467:
366:
355:
139:
546:
777:
Seager, Sara (2010). "Statistical
Distribution of Exoplanets by Andrew Cumming".
452:
451:
orbits the Sun every 87.97 days at a distance of 0.387 AU. Kepler-11e's orbital
370:
340:
196:
1015:
1010:
1000:
995:
990:
463:
459:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
348:
165:
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Follow-up confirmation observations were made by the Keck 1 telescope at the
965:
950:
648:
455:
is 88.8°, making it almost entirely edge-on to its star as seen from Earth.
334:
235:
219:
118:
612:
319:
conference on
February 2, 2011. The findings were published in the journal
803:
811:
604:
701:"NASA's Kepler Spacecraft Discovers Extraordinary New Planetary System"
435:
and slightly less than the density of Saturn. Kepler-11e has a surface
239:
179:
379:
243:
975:
919:
882:
762:
737:
587:
417:
361:, and is thus almost the same mass and radius as the Sun. With an
222:. It is the fourth of six planets around Kepler-11 discovered by
843:
710:
542:
267:
223:
218:(extrasolar planet) discovered in the orbit of the sunlike star
186:
151:
923:
98:
458:
Because it isn't as close to its star as its sister planets
866:"In Situ and Ex Situ Formation Models of Kepler 11 Planets"
262:-157. It was later assigned the name "Kepler-11" after the
500:"Astronomers Find 6-Pack of Planets in Alien Solar System"
804:"A tourist's guide to the new Kepler-11 planet system"
699:
Michael
Mewinney and Rachel Hoover (2 February 2011).
382:
away from the Earth; its distance contributes to its
1062:
Exoplanets discovered by the Kepler space telescope
983:
958:
195:
176:
150:
130:
125:
114:
104:
89:
77:
70:
51:
43:
38:
369:, it is also almost as hot as the Sun, and with a
33:Size comparison of Kepler-11e (gray) with Neptune.
781:. University of Arizona Press. pp. 191–214.
302:in the Canary Islands, and by telescopes at the
736:Fischer, Debra A.; Valenti, Jeff (2005-04-01).
694:
692:
568:
566:
564:
935:
242:, having a density that is less than that of
8:
21:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
942:
928:
920:
270:satellite tasked with discovering planets
27:
899:
881:
761:
586:
479:
864:D'Angelo, G.; Bodenheimer, P. (2016).
668:
666:
20:
632:
630:
201:617 K (344 °C; 651 °F)
7:
738:"The planet-metallicity correlation"
230:. Kepler-11e was found by using the
16:Extrasolar planet orbiting Kepler-11
1042:Exoplanets with Kepler designations
85:0.194 AU (29,000,000 km)
14:
433:standard temperature and pressure
974:
644:Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia
343:located in the constellation of
802:Denise Chow (4 February 2011).
498:Denise Chow (2 February 2011).
314:observatories in Arizona. The
298:telescopes in west Texas, the
290:telescopes in California, the
1:
1047:Exoplanets discovered in 2011
673:Fraser Cain (June 30, 2008).
839:Goddard Space Flight Center
1083:
901:10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/33
639:"Notes for star Kepler-11"
332:
972:
870:The Astrophysical Journal
742:The Astrophysical Journal
205:
92:Orbital period (sidereal)
26:
347:. It has a mass of 0.95
300:Nordic Optical Telescope
126:Physical characteristics
832:David Williams (2001).
637:Jean Schneider (2011).
437:equilibrium temperature
316:Spitzer Space Telescope
72:Orbital characteristics
1057:Cygnus (constellation)
876:(1): id. 33 (32 pp.).
545:. 2011. Archived from
423:
280:W. M. Keck Observatory
228:Kepler space telescope
1052:Transiting exoplanets
421:
363:effective temperature
834:"Mercury Fact Sheet"
706:Ames Research Center
538:Ames Research Center
533:"Kepler Discoveries"
354:and a radius of 1.1
892:2016ApJ...828...33D
754:2005ApJ...622.1102F
675:"Density of Saturn"
605:10.1038/nature09760
597:2011Natur.470...53L
376:planetary migration
44:Discovery date
23:
717:on 1 February 2020
651:on 7 February 2011
424:
384:apparent magnitude
254:Name and discovery
1024:
1023:
788:978-0-8165-2945-2
264:Kepler spacecraft
209:
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978:
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748:(2): 1102–1117.
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727:
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713:. Archived from
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686:
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682:
677:. Universe Today
670:
661:
660:
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647:. Archived from
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164:
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54:Detection method
31:
24:
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503:
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481:
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416:
414:Characteristics
359:
352:
339:Kepler-11 is a
337:
331:
325:on February 3.
292:Harlan J. Smith
282:in Hawaii, the
256:
182:
171:
168:
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159:
158:
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145:
142:
135:
94:
82:
80:Semi-major axis
56:
47:2 February 2011
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1080:
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769:
763:10.1086/428383
728:
688:
662:
626:
581:(7332): 53–8.
560:
513:
478:
477:
475:
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415:
412:
357:
350:
333:Main article:
330:
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255:
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232:transit method
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138:4.52 (± 0.43)
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64:Kepler Mission
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52:
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13:
10:
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6:
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867:
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808:Space section
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549:on 2010-05-27
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441:mean distance
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50:
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42:
37:
30:
25:
19:
1037:Hot Neptunes
1005:
873:
869:
859:
847:. Retrieved
837:
827:
815:. Retrieved
807:
797:
778:
772:
745:
741:
731:
719:. Retrieved
715:the original
704:
679:. Retrieved
653:. Retrieved
649:the original
642:
578:
574:
551:. Retrieved
547:the original
536:
504:. Retrieved
468:stellar wind
457:
425:
338:
320:
296:Hobby–Eberly
277:
257:
211:
210:
185:0.5 (± 0.2)
18:
502:. Space.com
453:inclination
371:metallicity
341:G-type star
306:(including
197:Temperature
133:Mean radius
106:Inclination
1031:Categories
1016:Kepler-11g
1011:Kepler-11f
1006:Kepler-11e
1001:Kepler-11d
996:Kepler-11c
991:Kepler-11b
883:1606.08088
779:Exoplanets
474:References
464:Kepler-11c
460:Kepler-11b
429:pure water
404:Kepler-11g
400:Kepler-11f
396:Kepler-11d
392:Kepler-11c
388:Kepler-11b
272:in transit
212:Kepler-11e
161:−1.9
22:Kepler-11e
1067:Kepler-11
966:Kepler-11
951:Kepler-11
910:119203398
588:1102.0291
335:Kepler-11
329:Host star
236:gas giant
220:Kepler-11
216:exoplanet
121:(KOI-157)
119:Kepler-11
97:31.99590
39:Discovery
849:23 March
817:13 March
812:NBC News
721:21 March
655:23 March
613:21293371
553:23 March
506:22 March
443:of .194
365:of 5680
984:Planets
888:Bibcode
750:Bibcode
681:2 April
621:4388001
593:Bibcode
449:Mercury
408:Mercury
380:parsecs
312:Whipple
248:Mercury
240:Neptune
180:density
60:Transit
953:system
908:
785:
619:
611:
575:Nature
402:, and
345:Cygnus
322:Nature
310:) and
244:Saturn
214:is an
959:Stars
906:S2CID
878:arXiv
617:S2CID
583:arXiv
288:Shane
238:like
178:Mean
851:2011
844:NASA
819:2011
783:ISBN
723:2011
711:NASA
683:2011
657:2011
609:PMID
555:2011
543:NASA
508:2011
462:and
304:WIYN
294:and
286:and
284:Hale
268:NASA
266:, a
224:NASA
156:8.4
152:Mass
115:Star
110:88.8
896:doi
874:828
758:doi
746:622
601:doi
579:470
431:at
358:sun
351:sun
308:MMT
260:KOI
226:'s
1033::
904:.
894:.
886:.
872:.
868:.
842:.
836:.
810:.
806:.
756:.
744:.
740:.
709:.
703:.
691:^
665:^
641:.
629:^
615:.
607:.
599:.
591:.
577:.
563:^
541:.
535:.
516:^
482:^
445:AU
398:,
394:,
390:,
190:cm
144:🜨
943:e
936:t
929:v
912:.
898::
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853:.
821:.
791:.
766:.
760::
752::
725:.
685:.
659:.
623:.
603::
595::
585::
557:.
510:.
367:K
356:R
349:M
187:g
170:E
167:M
141:R
99:d
66:)
62:(
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