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351:(名主) and was in charge of tax collection, general village administration, management of public natural resources (such as mountain, field, river and ocean) of the village, as well as negotiating with the territorial lord as the representative of the villagers.
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were officially appointed village officials, usually selected from the local landowning class and responsible for land use and boundaries in their jurisdiction.
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in disputes and a general “fixer” of village or individuals problems.
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Benedict. Patterns of Culture, New American Library, 1934
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is the community leader of a village or a small town.
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Examples of headmanship have been observed among the
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