1312:
51:
639:
1301:
36:
1323:
2225:
1084:
2213:
1028:
349:, together creating what is known as the Khabur Triangle, or Upper Khabur area. From north to south, annual rainfall in the Khabur basin decreases from over 400 mm to less than 200 mm. This has made the river a vital water source for agriculture throughout history. The Khabur joins the Euphrates near the town of
665:
are home to a self-governing
Assyrian enclave. Two dams, Hasakah West and Hasakah East, have been constructed on tributaries to the Khabur between Ra's al-'Ayn and Al-Hasakah. The capacity of the reservoir of Hasakah West is 0.09 km, and is also the southeastern end of the Assyrian enclave. The
666:
capacity of
Hasakah East is 0.2 km. A third dam, Hassakeh South, was constructed on the Khabur 25 km south of Al-Hasakah. The reservoir of this dam has a capacity of 0.7 km. The Khabur Valley, which now has about four million acres (16,000 km) of farmland, is Syria's main
592:... took the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh into exile. He took them to Halah, Habor (Khabur), Hara and the River Gozan, where they are to this day". The identification of the Khabur with the Habor is not contested.
361:
The course of the Khabur can be divided in two distinct zones: the Upper Khabur area or Khabur
Triangle north of Al-Hasakah, and the Middle and Lower Khabur between Al-Hasakah and Busayrah.
2133:
1241:
2285:
2025:
1280:
1072:
1050:
2290:
1458:
1042:
611:. Other authors have been circumspect upon the precise location of Corsote due to the changing names and courses of the rivers since that time.
2265:
942:
Illustrations, chiefly geographical, of the history of the expedition of Cyrus, From Sardis to
Babylonia and the retreat of the 10,000 Greeks
1234:
2108:
1785:
1311:
973:
916:
218:
2167:
1453:
1227:
2300:
1848:
1833:
1815:
1791:
1773:
1767:
1696:
1521:
492:
The river is fed by several smaller streams, the names of which are mentioned in the later classical writers. These are, the
850:
2305:
1702:
1663:
1577:
1448:
1065:
1037:
2187:
2162:
2098:
1862:
1679:
2250:
2172:
2118:
1981:
1398:
1373:
1367:
1290:
642:
542:
2280:
2182:
1404:
607:, was located at the confluence of the Khabur River, known by them as the 'Mascas', and the Euphrates according to
940:
902:
2255:
87:
1300:
2260:
2103:
1641:
1392:
1131:
1058:
908:
721:
Burdon, DJ; Safadi, C (1963). "Ras-el-Ain: the great karstic spring of
Mesopotamia. An hydrogeological study".
2192:
1726:
1714:
1587:
1486:
1088:
768:
1463:
686:
Hole F; Zaitchik, BF (2007). "Policies, plans, practice, and prospects: irrigation in northeastern Syria".
1947:
1559:
1361:
1355:
662:
574:
426:
151:
1571:
1547:
657:. Three dams were built in the Khabur Basin as part of a large irrigation scheme that also includes the
535:
50:
2154:
2140:
2088:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
1797:
1491:
1322:
809:
730:
450:
2229:
2113:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2058:
1976:
1738:
1647:
1565:
1553:
1501:
1496:
1336:
1316:
1275:
801:
760:
589:
545:
have been carried out in the Khabur Valley, indicating that the region has been occupied since the
513:
482:
446:
2275:
2270:
2128:
2048:
1942:
1659:
1285:
703:
546:
1263:
with various additional/alternate self-identifications, such as
Syriacs, Arameans, or Chaldeans
638:
2123:
2093:
1920:
1871:
1857:
1827:
1708:
1511:
1104:
969:
912:
825:
600:
458:
2006:
596:
2068:
1653:
1506:
1478:
1384:
1347:
1002:
898:
862:
738:
695:
608:
117:
102:
851:"Preliminary results of the prehistoric survey in the Khabur Basin, Syria: 1990–91 seasons"
2295:
1996:
1821:
1611:
1605:
1468:
1443:
1423:
1250:
764:
619:
418:
72:
17:
413:
The river was well noted by ancient writers, with various names used by various writers:
734:
670:-cultivation area. The northeastern part is also the center for Syria's oil production.
581:. The region of the Khabur River is also associated with the rise of the Kingdom of the
2217:
1876:
1803:
1779:
1667:
1438:
1433:
1116:
1094:
649:
The Khabur River
Project, begun in the 1960s, involved the construction of a series of
501:
481:(Kerkesiah). Procopius speaks of it as a river of importance, and Ammianus states that
392:
630:, close to Nippur and the Shatt el-Nil, a silted up canal toward the east of Babylon.
2244:
1986:
1720:
1327:
1305:
1208:
1126:
1112:
1032:
742:
707:
562:
614:
The Khabur river was sometimes identified with the Chebar or Kebar, the location of
1744:
1203:
1162:
1146:
1136:
397:
382:
1991:
35:
1629:
1623:
1260:
1158:
1120:
578:
558:
531:
486:
485:
crossed it "per navalem Aborae pontem". Strabo describes it as near the town of
466:
402:
387:
199:
886:
1957:
1952:
1750:
570:
550:
346:
338:
178:
155:
41:
233:
220:
2224:
2177:
2011:
1891:
1732:
1673:
1154:
866:
781:
658:
554:
509:
478:
474:
434:
377:
322:
204:
990:
465:(Ἀβούρας). It was described as a large river of Mesopotamia which rose in
369:
The tributaries to the Khabur are listed from east to west. Most of these
1962:
1935:
1908:
1896:
1881:
1635:
1582:
1007:
615:
604:
350:
159:
1031: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1617:
1539:
1419:
904:
Xenophon's retreat : Greece, Persia, and the end of the Golden Age
755:
582:
573:. The region has given its name to a distinctive painted ware found in
527:
523:
493:
470:
414:
334:
2197:
2001:
1930:
1903:
1886:
1198:
1172:
797:
627:
566:
442:
330:
141:
699:
626:
waterway mentioned among the 5th century BCE Murushu archives from
538:
mentions Ἀβορέων φρούριον, which is, as certainly, the same place.
1925:
1913:
1809:
1219:
1188:
1083:
667:
654:
326:
137:
1193:
370:
342:
1223:
1054:
650:
603:
on his ill-fated expedition against the
Persians as told by
622:. However, recent scholarship identifies the Chebar as the
534:, and which probably derives its name from the river, and
661:
on the
Euphrates. The section of the Khabur River within
549:
period. Important sites that have been excavated include
541:
Since the 1930s, numerous archaeological excavations and
341:
are the river's main source of water. Several important
79:
588:
The Khabur River is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible: "
2153:
2024:
1856:
1847:
1760:
1689:
1596:
1537:
1520:
1477:
1418:
1383:
1346:
1335:
1268:
1181:
1145:
1103:
297:
287:
277:
269:
257:
249:
210:
198:
184:
174:
165:
147:
133:
128:
57:
28:
577:and Syria in the early 2nd millennium BCE, called
530:(Χαβώρα), on the Euphrates, which he places near
618:and setting of several important scenes of the
1235:
1066:
907:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of
109:
94:
8:
1259:Ethno-linguistic group(s) indigenous to the
64:
1853:
1534:
1343:
1242:
1228:
1220:
1073:
1059:
1051:
321:is the largest perennial tributary to the
49:
1006:
637:
1043:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
991:"Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la discorde"
968:. Vol. 1. Doubleday. p. 893.
678:
373:only carry water for part of the year.
261:37,081 km (14,317 sq mi)
16:For the tributary of River Tigris, see
25:
303:57 m/s (2,000 cu ft/s)
283:45 m/s (1,600 cu ft/s)
7:
837:The History of Theophylact Simocatta
329:. Although the Khabur originates in
80:
469:, about 40 miles (64 km) from
65:
688:Land Degradation & Development
14:
1281:Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora
585:that flourished c. 1500–1300 BC.
293:2 m/s (71 cu ft/s)
2223:
2211:
2168:Assyrian Democratic Organisation
1321:
1310:
1299:
1082:
1026:
526:(5.18.6) mentions a town called
34:
2286:Landforms of Şanlıurfa Province
1040:, ed. (1854–1857). "Chaboras".
2291:Geography of Turkish Kurdistan
1834:Genocide of Christians by ISIL
1697:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
212: • coordinates
1:
1578:Ancient Mesopotamian religion
166:Physical characteristics
2266:International rivers of Asia
2188:Syriac Union Party (Lebanon)
2163:Assyrian Democratic Movement
743:10.1016/0022-1694(63)90033-7
186: • elevation
2173:Assyrian Universal Alliance
1399:Assyrian Church of the East
1374:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
1368:Assyrian Evangelical Church
1291:Terms for Syriac Christians
964:Thompson, Henry O. (1992).
2322:
2183:Syriac Union Party (Syria)
1405:Ancient Church of the East
634:Modern Khabur River Valley
430:
299: • maximum
289: • minimum
279: • average
190:350 m (1,150 ft)
15:
2206:
1297:
1257:
345:join the Khabur north of
311:
307:
265:
253:486 km (302 mi)
194:
170:
48:
33:
1703:Muslim conquest of Syria
1393:Chaldean Catholic Church
1132:Nahr al-Kabir al-Shamali
909:Harvard University Press
2230:Christianity portal
2193:Syriac Military Council
1792:Massacres of Diyarbekir
1727:Principality of Antioch
1680:Byzantine–Sasanian wars
1487:Assyrian folk/pop music
989:Mutin, Georges (2003).
939:Rennell, James (1816).
867:10.3406/paleo.1992.4566
645:in Khabur River Valley.
1948:Al-Hasakah Governorate
1786:Massacres of Badr Khan
1560:Middle Assyrian Empire
1362:Syriac Catholic Church
1356:Syriac Orthodox Church
1046:. London: John Murray.
663:Tell Tamer Subdistrict
646:
473:, and flowed into the
110:
95:
23:River in Syria, Turkey
2301:Eastern Mediterranean
1816:Independence movement
1572:Post-imperial Assyria
1548:Early Assyrian period
945:. Bulmer. p. 101
849:Nishiaki, Y. (1992).
641:
536:Theophylact Simocatta
234:35.14250°N 40.43083°E
2306:New Testament places
1492:Music of Mesopotamia
1439:Chaldean Neo-Aramaic
1434:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
1008:10.4000/vertigo.3869
810:Ammianus Marcellinus
723:Journal of Hydrology
595:The ancient city of
575:northern Mesopotamia
451:Ammianus Marcellinus
1798:Rise of nationalism
1739:Jalayirid Sultanate
1566:Neo-Assyrian Empire
1554:Old Assyrian period
1497:Syriac sacral music
1317:Aramean-Syriac flag
1276:Assyrian continuity
735:1963JHyd....1...58B
483:Julian the Apostate
230: /
2251:Khabur (Euphrates)
2218:History portal
1660:Church of the East
1449:Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
1286:Chaldean Catholics
647:
547:Lower Palaeolithic
239:35.14250; 40.43083
2281:Upper Mesopotamia
2238:
2237:
2149:
2148:
1865:
1843:
1842:
1810:Assyrian genocide
1709:Abbasid Caliphate
1531:
1414:
1413:
1217:
1216:
899:Waterfield, Robin
887:1 Chronicles 5:26
826:Isidore of Charax
601:Cyrus the Younger
459:Isidore of Charax
315:
314:
2313:
2256:Rivers of Turkey
2228:
2227:
2216:
2215:
2214:
1861:
1854:
1828:Post-Saddam Iraq
1654:Nestorian schism
1648:Christianization
1620:(132 BCE–244 CE)
1614:(247 BCE–224 CE)
1574:(609 BCE–240 CE)
1535:
1525:
1385:East Syriac Rite
1348:West Syriac Rite
1344:
1325:
1314:
1303:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1221:
1098:
1097:
1087:
1086:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1052:
1047:
1030:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1010:
986:
980:
979:
966:"Chebar", in ABD
961:
955:
954:
952:
950:
936:
930:
929:
927:
925:
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889:
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846:
840:
834:
828:
823:
817:
795:
789:
779:
773:
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746:
718:
712:
711:
683:
609:Robin Waterfield
432:
300:
290:
280:
245:
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242:
241:
240:
235:
231:
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223:
187:
121:
113:
106:
98:
91:
88:Classical Syriac
83:
82:
76:
68:
67:
53:
40:Khabur south of
38:
26:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2261:Rivers of Syria
2241:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2202:
2145:
2020:
1997:Mardin Province
1860:
1839:
1822:Simele massacre
1756:
1685:
1650:(1st to 3rd c.)
1632:(64 BCE–637 CE)
1626:(66 BCE–217 CE)
1612:Parthian Empire
1606:Seleucid Empire
1598:
1592:
1588:Assyrian tribes
1556:(2025–1364 BCE)
1550:(2600–2025 BCE)
1529:
1527:
1524:
1516:
1473:
1426:
1410:
1379:
1338:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1295:
1264:
1253:
1251:Assyrian people
1248:
1218:
1213:
1177:
1141:
1099:
1092:
1091:
1089:Rivers of Syria
1081:
1079:
1036:
1027:
1023:
1013:
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988:
987:
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958:
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946:
938:
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776:
769:Natural History
765:Pliny the Elder
754:
750:
720:
719:
715:
700:10.1002/ldr.772
685:
684:
680:
676:
643:Assyrian Church
636:
620:Book of Ezekiel
590:Tiglath-Pileser
457:(Ἀβόρρας), and
419:Pliny the Elder
411:
367:
359:
337:springs around
298:
288:
278:
238:
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232:
229:
224:
221:
219:
217:
216:
213:
185:
124:
115:
100:
85:
70:
44:
24:
21:
18:Khabur (Tigris)
12:
11:
5:
2319:
2317:
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2268:
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2232:
2220:
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2165:
2159:
2157:
2151:
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2138:
2137:
2136:
2126:
2124:United Kingdom
2121:
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2101:
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2076:
2071:
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2022:
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1918:
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1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
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1889:
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1877:Nineveh Plains
1868:
1866:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1804:Adana massacre
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1780:Schism of 1552
1777:
1774:Ottoman Empire
1771:
1768:Safavid Empire
1764:
1762:
1758:
1757:
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1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
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1718:
1715:Emirs of Mosul
1712:
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1600:
1594:
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1563:
1562:(1363–912 BCE)
1557:
1551:
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1095:drainage basin
1080:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1038:Smith, William
1022:
1021:
981:
974:
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931:
917:
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879:
841:
829:
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814:Rerum Gestarum
790:
774:
748:
713:
694:(2): 133–152.
677:
675:
672:
635:
632:
508:2.2), and the
461:called it the
453:called it the
437:called it the
421:called it the
410:
407:
406:
405:
400:
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393:Jaghjagh River
390:
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107:
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22:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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2161:
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2142:
2139:
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2129:United States
2127:
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2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1721:Buyid amirate
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1642:Roman Assyria
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1568:(911–609 BCE)
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1536:
1533:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1469:Syriac script
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
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1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1334:
1329:
1328:Chaldean flag
1324:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1306:Assyrian flag
1302:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1210:
1209:Yarmouk River
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1127:Nahr al-Kabir
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:Orontes River
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1105:Mediterranean
1102:
1096:
1090:
1085:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1033:public domain
1025:
1024:
1009:
1004:
1000:
997:(in French).
996:
992:
985:
982:
977:
975:0-385-19351-3
971:
967:
960:
957:
944:
943:
935:
932:
920:
918:9780674023567
914:
910:
906:
905:
900:
894:
891:
888:
883:
880:
868:
864:
861:(1): 97–102.
860:
856:
852:
845:
842:
838:
833:
830:
827:
822:
819:
816:, 14.3, 23.5.
815:
811:
807:
806:Historia Nova
803:
799:
794:
791:
787:
783:
778:
775:
772:
770:
766:
762:
761:The Geography
757:
752:
749:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
717:
714:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
682:
679:
673:
671:
669:
664:
660:
656:
652:
644:
640:
633:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
610:
606:
602:
599:, visited by
598:
593:
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:Tell Mashnaqa
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
428:
427:Ancient Greek
424:
420:
416:
408:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
375:
374:
372:
364:
362:
356:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
310:
306:
302:
296:
292:
286:
282:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
215:
209:
206:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
183:
180:
177:
173:
169:
164:
161:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136:
132:
127:
119:
112:
108:
104:
97:
93:
89:
78:
74:
63:
62:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
37:
32:
27:
19:
1969:
1745:Qara Qoyunlu
1608:(312–63 BCE)
1339:Christianity
1204:Banias River
1166:
1163:Balikh River
1147:Persian Gulf
1137:Nahr as-Sinn
1041:
1012:. Retrieved
998:
994:
984:
965:
959:
947:. Retrieved
941:
934:
922:. Retrieved
903:
893:
882:
870:. Retrieved
858:
854:
844:
836:
832:
821:
813:
805:
793:
785:
777:
759:
751:
729:(1): 58–95.
726:
722:
716:
691:
687:
681:
648:
623:
613:
594:
587:
540:
522:
517:
505:
497:
491:
462:
454:
438:
422:
412:
398:Wadi Khanzir
383:Wadi Khnezir
368:
360:
319:Khabur River
318:
316:
152:Ra's al-'Ayn
2104:New Zealand
2099:Netherlands
1863:Settlements
1776:(1555–1917)
1753:(1453–1501)
1747:(1375–1468)
1741:(1335–1432)
1735:(1258–1335)
1729:(1098–1268)
1690:Middle ages
1630:Roman Syria
1624:Syrian Wars
1261:Middle East
1159:Sajur River
1121:Afrin River
1014:18 December
1001:(3): 1–10.
579:Khabur ware
559:Tell Leilan
532:Nicephorion
487:Anthemusias
467:Mons Masius
403:Wadi Avedji
388:Wadi Jarrah
365:Tributaries
237: /
111:Habur Nehri
66:نهر الخابور
58:Native name
2245:Categories
1987:Diyarbakır
1958:Tell Tamer
1953:Al-Hasakah
1849:By country
1761:Modern era
1751:Aq Qoyunlu
1723:(945–1055)
1717:(905–1383)
1711:(750–1258)
1526:(including
1502:Folk dance
949:21 January
924:20 January
855:Paléorient
763:, 5.18.3;
674:References
571:Tell Barri
567:Tell Mozan
551:Tell Halaf
500:2.7), the
347:Al-Hasakah
339:Ras al-Ayn
258:Basin size
225:40°25′51″E
179:Ras al-Ayn
156:Al-Hasakah
96:Çemê Xabûr
42:Al-Hasakah
2276:Tur Abdin
2271:Euphrates
2178:Dawronoye
2109:Palestine
2039:Australia
2012:Tur Abdin
1892:Tel Keppe
1812:(1914–20)
1800:(19th c.)
1782:(16th c.)
1770:(1508–55)
1733:Ilkhanate
1682:(502–628)
1676:(226–651)
1674:Asoristan
1644:(116–118)
1599:antiquity
1597:Classical
1530:contexts)
1427:languages
1182:endorheic
1155:Euphrates
782:Procopius
708:129117310
659:Tabqa Dam
555:Tell Brak
510:Mygdonius
506:de Aedif.
504:(Procop.
498:de Aedif.
496:(Procop.
479:Circesium
475:Euphrates
435:Procopius
378:Wadi Radd
357:Geography
323:Euphrates
270:Discharge
222:35°8′33″N
205:Euphrates
2155:Politics
2026:Diaspora
2007:Mazıdağı
1963:Qamishli
1936:Sanandaj
1909:Shaqlawa
1897:Bartella
1882:Qaraqosh
1858:Homeland
1656:(5th c.)
1638:(15–116)
1636:Adiabene
1583:Arameans
1538:Ancient
1512:Clothing
1454:Hertevin
1269:Identity
901:(2006).
808:, 3.13;
624:ka-ba-ru
616:Tel Abib
605:Xenophon
455:Aborrhas
423:Chaboras
351:Busayrah
160:Busayrah
129:Location
81:ܢܗܪܐ ܚܒܪ
2141:Uruguay
2134:Detroit
2089:Lebanon
2069:Germany
2064:Georgia
2054:Finland
2044:Belgium
2034:Armenia
1982:Hakkari
1836:(2014–)
1830:(2003–)
1818:(1919–)
1788:(1840s)
1618:Osroene
1540:Assyria
1528:related
1522:History
1507:Cuisine
1479:Culture
1420:Aramaic
1407:(1968–)
1401:(1692–)
1395:(1552–)
1376:(1940–)
1370:(1870–)
1364:(1662–)
1035::
995:VertigO
839:, 4.10.
802:Zosimus
800:, xvi;
771:, 30.3.
756:Ptolemy
731:Bibcode
597:Corsote
583:Mitanni
543:surveys
528:Chabora
524:Ptolemy
494:Scirtus
471:Nisibis
447:Zosimus
439:Chabura
431:Χαβώρας
415:Ptolemy
409:History
335:karstic
134:Country
118:Turkish
103:Kurdish
2296:Levant
2198:Sutoro
2119:Sweden
2114:Russia
2094:Mexico
2084:Jordan
2079:Israel
2074:Greece
2059:France
2049:Canada
2002:Mardin
1992:Elazığ
1977:Turkey
1970:Khabur
1931:Salmas
1904:Ankawa
1887:Alqosh
1824:(1933)
1806:(1909)
1794:(1895)
1705:(630s)
1699:(630s)
1464:Mlaḥsô
1459:Senaya
1444:Turoyo
1424:Syriac
1358:(518–)
1337:Syriac
1199:Barada
1173:Tigris
1167:Khabur
1117:Karasu
972:
915:
872:7 July
798:Strabo
788:, 2.5.
706:
655:canals
628:Nippur
514:Julian
502:Cordes
463:Aburas
449:, and
443:Strabo
333:, the
331:Turkey
273:
250:Length
175:Source
142:Turkey
114:
99:
84:
73:Arabic
69:
29:Khabur
1943:Syria
1926:Urmia
1914:Zakho
1189:Queiq
704:S2CID
668:wheat
520:i.).
371:wadis
343:wadis
327:Syria
200:Mouth
138:Syria
1921:Iran
1872:Iraq
1668:1552
1194:Awaj
1165:and
1119:and
1016:2009
970:ISBN
951:2017
926:2017
913:ISBN
874:2010
786:B.P.
653:and
651:dams
569:and
417:and
317:The
148:City
1664:410
1093:by
1003:doi
863:doi
739:doi
696:doi
518:Or.
477:at
433:),
325:in
2247::
1161:,
993:.
911:.
859:18
857:.
853:.
812:,
804:,
784:,
767:,
758:,
737:.
725:.
702:.
692:18
690:.
565:,
561:,
557:,
553:,
516:.
489:.
445:,
441:,
429::
353:.
158:,
154:,
140:,
1670:)
1666:-
1662:(
1422:/
1243:e
1236:t
1229:v
1169:)
1157:(
1123:)
1115:(
1074:e
1067:t
1060:v
1018:.
1005::
999:4
978:.
953:.
928:.
876:.
865::
745:.
741::
733::
727:1
710:.
698::
512:(
425:(
120:)
116:(
105:)
101:(
90:)
86:(
75:)
71:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
